Numerical Ecology with R

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Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 331971404X
Total Pages : 444 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (197 download)

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Book Synopsis Numerical Ecology with R by : Daniel Borcard

Download or read book Numerical Ecology with R written by Daniel Borcard and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-03-19 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition of Numerical Ecology with R guides readers through an applied exploration of the major methods of multivariate data analysis, as seen through the eyes of three ecologists. It provides a bridge between a textbook of numerical ecology and the implementation of this discipline in the R language. The book begins by examining some exploratory approaches. It proceeds logically with the construction of the key building blocks of most methods, i.e. association measures and matrices, and then submits example data to three families of approaches: clustering, ordination and canonical ordination. The last two chapters make use of these methods to explore important and contemporary issues in ecology: the analysis of spatial structures and of community diversity. The aims of methods thus range from descriptive to explanatory and predictive and encompass a wide variety of approaches that should provide readers with an extensive toolbox that can address a wide palette of questions arising in contemporary multivariate ecological analysis. The second edition of this book features a complete revision to the R code and offers improved procedures and more diverse applications of the major methods. It also highlights important changes in the methods and expands upon topics such as multiple correspondence analysis, principal response curves and co-correspondence analysis. New features include the study of relationships between species traits and the environment, and community diversity analysis. This book is aimed at professional researchers, practitioners, graduate students and teachers in ecology, environmental science and engineering, and in related fields such as oceanography, molecular ecology, agriculture and soil science, who already have a background in general and multivariate statistics and wish to apply this knowledge to their data using the R language, as well as people willing to accompany their disciplinary learning with practical applications. People from other fields (e.g. geology, geography, paleoecology, phylogenetics, anthropology, the social and education sciences, etc.) may also benefit from the materials presented in this book. Users are invited to use this book as a teaching companion at the computer. All the necessary data files, the scripts used in the chapters, as well as extra R functions and packages written by the authors of the book, are available online (URL: http://adn.biol.umontreal.ca/~numericalecology/numecolR/).

Ant Ecology

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199544638
Total Pages : 429 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (995 download)

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Book Synopsis Ant Ecology by : Lori Lach

Download or read book Ant Ecology written by Lori Lach and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The incredible global diversity of ants, and their important ecological roles, mean that we cannot ignore the significance of ants in ecological systems. Ant Ecology takes the reader on a journey of discovery from the beginnings of ants many hundreds of thousands of years ago, through to the makings of present day distributions.

The Ants of Poland

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9788393077342
Total Pages : 496 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (773 download)

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Book Synopsis The Ants of Poland by : Wojciech Czechowski

Download or read book The Ants of Poland written by Wojciech Czechowski and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Unified Neutral Theory of Biodiversity and Biogeography

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Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400837529
Total Pages : 390 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis The Unified Neutral Theory of Biodiversity and Biogeography by : Stephen P. Hubbell

Download or read book The Unified Neutral Theory of Biodiversity and Biogeography written by Stephen P. Hubbell and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2011-06-27 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite its supreme importance and the threat of its global crash, biodiversity remains poorly understood both empirically and theoretically. This ambitious book presents a new, general neutral theory to explain the origin, maintenance, and loss of biodiversity in a biogeographic context. Until now biogeography (the study of the geographic distribution of species) and biodiversity (the study of species richness and relative species abundance) have had largely disjunct intellectual histories. In this book, Stephen Hubbell develops a formal mathematical theory that unifies these two fields. When a speciation process is incorporated into Robert H. MacArthur and Edward O. Wilson's now classical theory of island biogeography, the generalized theory predicts the existence of a universal, dimensionless biodiversity number. In the theory, this fundamental biodiversity number, together with the migration or dispersal rate, completely determines the steady-state distribution of species richness and relative species abundance on local to large geographic spatial scales and short-term to evolutionary time scales. Although neutral, Hubbell's theory is nevertheless able to generate many nonobvious, testable, and remarkably accurate quantitative predictions about biodiversity and biogeography. In many ways Hubbell's theory is the ecological analog to the neutral theory of genetic drift in genetics. The unified neutral theory of biogeography and biodiversity should stimulate research in new theoretical and empirical directions by ecologists, evolutionary biologists, and biogeographers.

Entomology Abstracts

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 626 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Entomology Abstracts by :

Download or read book Entomology Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 626 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Dispersal Ecology and Evolution

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Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191640360
Total Pages : 496 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)

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Book Synopsis Dispersal Ecology and Evolution by : Jean Clobert

Download or read book Dispersal Ecology and Evolution written by Jean Clobert and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2012-09-27 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now that so many ecosystems face rapid and major environmental change, the ability of species to respond to these changes by dispersing or moving between different patches of habitat can be crucial to ensuring their survival. Understanding dispersal has become key to understanding how populations may persist. Dispersal Ecology and Evolution provides a timely and wide-ranging overview of the fast expanding field of dispersal ecology, incorporating the very latest research. The causes, mechanisms, and consequences of dispersal at the individual, population, species, and community levels are considered. Perspectives and insights are offered from the fields of evolution, behavioural ecology, conservation biology, and genetics. Throughout the book theoretical approaches are combined with empirical data, and care has been taken to include examples from as wide a range of species as possible - both plant and animal.

Ecology and Conservation of Forest Birds

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107072131
Total Pages : 567 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Ecology and Conservation of Forest Birds by : Grzegorz Mikusiński

Download or read book Ecology and Conservation of Forest Birds written by Grzegorz Mikusiński and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-03-29 with total page 567 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An authoritative review of the ecology of forest birds and their conservation issues throughout the Northern Hemisphere.

Invasive Species in Forests and Rangelands of the United States

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030453677
Total Pages : 455 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Invasive Species in Forests and Rangelands of the United States by : Therese M. Poland

Download or read book Invasive Species in Forests and Rangelands of the United States written by Therese M. Poland and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-02-01 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book describes the serious threat of invasive species to native ecosystems. Invasive species have caused and will continue to cause enormous ecological and economic damage with ever increasing world trade. This multi-disciplinary book, written by over 100 national experts, presents the latest research on a wide range of natural science and social science fields that explore the ecology, impacts, and practical tools for management of invasive species. It covers species of all taxonomic groups from insects and pathogens, to plants, vertebrates, and aquatic organisms that impact a diversity of habitats in forests, rangelands and grasslands of the United States. It is well-illustrated, provides summaries of the most important invasive species and issues impacting all regions of the country, and includes a comprehensive primary reference list for each topic. This scientific synthesis provides the cultural, economic, scientific and social context for addressing environmental challenges posed by invasive species and will be a valuable resource for scholars, policy makers, natural resource managers and practitioners.

Urban Ecology

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387734120
Total Pages : 802 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (877 download)

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Book Synopsis Urban Ecology by : John Marzluff

Download or read book Urban Ecology written by John Marzluff and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-01-03 with total page 802 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Urban Ecology is a rapidly growing field of academic and practical significance. Urban ecologists have published several conference proceedings and regularly contribute to the ecological, architectural, planning, and geography literature. However, important papers in the field that set the foundation for the discipline and illustrate modern approaches from a variety of perspectives and regions of the world have not been collected in a single, accessible book. Foundations of Urban Ecology does this by reprinting important European and American publications, filling gaps in the published literature with a few, targeted original works, and translating key works originally published in German. This edited volume will provide students and professionals with a rich background in all facets of urban ecology. The editors emphasize the drivers, patterns, processes and effects of human settlement. The papers they synthesize provide readers with a broad understanding of the local and global aspects of settlement through traditional natural and social science lenses. This interdisciplinary vision gives the reader a comprehensive view of the urban ecosystem by introducing drivers, patterns, processes and effects of human settlements and the relationships between humans and other animals, plants, ecosystem processes, and abiotic conditions. The reader learns how human institutions, health, and preferences influence, and are influenced by, the others members of their shared urban ecosystem.

Urban Soils

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030873161
Total Pages : 451 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis Urban Soils by : Andrew W. Rate

Download or read book Urban Soils written by Andrew W. Rate and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-01-07 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook addresses the increasing trend in urbanization of the world’s population and its relation with urban soils. Written by active practitioners of university level teaching and research, this book is designed primarily as an educational text, while it also provides readers with an authoritative gateway to the primary literature. It includes explicit coverage of spatial and statistical (multivariate) techniques and case studies to illustrate key concept, and to support practical guidance in issues such as data collection and analysis. The authors reflect current developments in research and urban trends. In China, for example, the proportion of the population living in cities increased from 13% in 1950 to 45% in 2010 (World Bank data). Australia is one of the world's top ten urbanised countries with population greater than ten million, with approximately 90% of its population living in cities, mainly along Australia's coast. The most rapidly urbanising populations are currently in nations of the African continent. Soils in urban areas have multiple functions which are becoming more valued by urban communities: soils supply water, nutrients and physical support for urban plant and animal communities (parks, reserves, gardens), and are becoming increasingly valued for growing food. Soils may be used for building foundations, or as building materials themselves. Urban hydrology relies on the existence of unsealed soils for aquifer protection and flood control. This volume presents the importance of urban ecosystems and the impacts of global change. It examines pedogenesis of urban soils: natural materials affected by urban phenomena, and natural processes acting on urban materials, including an examination of different climatic zones. There is a focus on soils formed on landfill, reclaimed land, dredge spoils as well as soil-related changes in urban geomorphology. There is plenty of discussion on urban soil as a source and sink as well as soil geochemistry and health. The book is intended primarily as a text for upper-level undergraduate, and postgraduate (Masters) students. It will also be invaluable as a resource for professionals such as researchers, environmental regulators, and environmental consultants.

Insect Sampling in Forest Ecosystems

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Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1405140291
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis Insect Sampling in Forest Ecosystems by : Simon R. Leather

Download or read book Insect Sampling in Forest Ecosystems written by Simon R. Leather and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Insect Sampling in Forest Ecosystems highlights the problems faced by entomologists working in forest ecosystems. Insects play a major part in all aspects of ecology Brings together the methodology needed to investigate insects through the various strata of the forest canopy Covers techniques associated with various specialised groups of forest insects Each chapter is backed up by a sound approach to experimental design and data analysis Essential reading for advanced students and researchers as well as teachers

Ant Colony Optimization

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Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262042192
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (421 download)

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Book Synopsis Ant Colony Optimization by : Marco Dorigo

Download or read book Ant Colony Optimization written by Marco Dorigo and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2004-06-04 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An overview of the rapidly growing field of ant colony optimization that describes theoretical findings, the major algorithms, and current applications. The complex social behaviors of ants have been much studied by science, and computer scientists are now finding that these behavior patterns can provide models for solving difficult combinatorial optimization problems. The attempt to develop algorithms inspired by one aspect of ant behavior, the ability to find what computer scientists would call shortest paths, has become the field of ant colony optimization (ACO), the most successful and widely recognized algorithmic technique based on ant behavior. This book presents an overview of this rapidly growing field, from its theoretical inception to practical applications, including descriptions of many available ACO algorithms and their uses. The book first describes the translation of observed ant behavior into working optimization algorithms. The ant colony metaheuristic is then introduced and viewed in the general context of combinatorial optimization. This is followed by a detailed description and guide to all major ACO algorithms and a report on current theoretical findings. The book surveys ACO applications now in use, including routing, assignment, scheduling, subset, machine learning, and bioinformatics problems. AntNet, an ACO algorithm designed for the network routing problem, is described in detail. The authors conclude by summarizing the progress in the field and outlining future research directions. Each chapter ends with bibliographic material, bullet points setting out important ideas covered in the chapter, and exercises. Ant Colony Optimization will be of interest to academic and industry researchers, graduate students, and practitioners who wish to learn how to implement ACO algorithms.

World Atlas of Desertification

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Author :
Publisher : Hodder Arnold
ISBN 13 : 9780340691663
Total Pages : 182 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (916 download)

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Book Synopsis World Atlas of Desertification by : United Nations Environment Programme

Download or read book World Atlas of Desertification written by United Nations Environment Programme and published by Hodder Arnold. This book was released on 1997 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The World Atlas of Desertification summarises the state of scientific knowledge on the drylands of the globe. Representing in graphic form the current stage of our understanding of desertification, as well as its extent and possible solutions, it contains an extraordinary amount of information of value to students and experts alike. The Atlas clearly shows that desertification is one of the world's most pressing environmental problems, and that it is a truly global issue. Since the publication of the first edition in 1992, over 100 countries have ratified the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification. This 2nd edition reflects major advances in our understanding of desertification over the past few years and has been thoroughly revised and expanded to almost twice its original size. Because combating desertification involves all aspects of environmental issues, this edition covers a broader range of topics, including concerns surrounding poverty, biodiversity, climate change and the availability of water. Social and economic conditions also have a major impact on the progress and control of desertification and this edition contains the latest information on population movements which result from, and lead to desertification. Desertification directly affects the livelihoods of more than one billion people who are directly dependent on the land for their survival. Using the latest updated digitised maps of desertification and fully referenced throughout, this Atlas is essential reading for everyone concerned with the drylands and their people.

Urban Ecology

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642885837
Total Pages : 703 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (428 download)

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Book Synopsis Urban Ecology by : Jürgen Breuste

Download or read book Urban Ecology written by Jürgen Breuste and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 703 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides an overview of international developments in urban ecology, with many examples from cities worldwide. In addition, this book presents a unique exchange of experiences and ideas, with a focus on cooperation between researchers and those involved in putting ideas into practice. Topics include: aims and standards for ecological cities; the integration of ecologial, economic, social and cultural aspects; land use as a controlling factor; ecologically responsible mobility; and the integration of nature and landscape into urban development.

Ecosystems of California

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Author :
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520278801
Total Pages : 1008 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (22 download)

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Book Synopsis Ecosystems of California by : Harold Mooney

Download or read book Ecosystems of California written by Harold Mooney and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2016-01-19 with total page 1008 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This long-anticipated reference and sourcebook for CaliforniaÕs remarkable ecological abundance provides an integrated assessment of each major ecosystem typeÑits distribution, structure, function, and management. A comprehensive synthesis of our knowledge about this biologically diverse state, Ecosystems of California covers the state from oceans to mountaintops using multiple lenses: past and present, flora and fauna, aquatic and terrestrial, natural and managed. Each chapter evaluates natural processes for a specific ecosystem, describes drivers of change, and discusses how that ecosystem may be altered in the future. This book also explores the drivers of CaliforniaÕs ecological patterns and the history of the stateÕs various ecosystems, outlining how the challenges of climate change and invasive species and opportunities for regulation and stewardship could potentially affect the stateÕs ecosystems. The text explicitly incorporates both human impacts and conservation and restoration efforts and shows how ecosystems support human well-being. Edited by two esteemed ecosystem ecologists and with overviews by leading experts on each ecosystem, this definitive work will be indispensable for natural resource management and conservation professionals as well as for undergraduate or graduate students of CaliforniaÕs environment and curious naturalists.

Biotic Homogenization

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9780306465420
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (654 download)

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Book Synopsis Biotic Homogenization by : Julie L. Lockwood

Download or read book Biotic Homogenization written by Julie L. Lockwood and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2001-05-31 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological homogenization is the dominant process shaping the future global biosphere. As global transportation becomes faster and more frequent, it is inevitable that biotic intermixing will increase. Unique local biotas will become extinct only to be replaced by already widespread biotas that can tolerate human activities. This process is affecting all aspects of our world: language, economies, and ecosystems alike. The ultimate outcome is the loss of uniqueness and the growth of uniformity. In this way, fast food restaurants exist in Moscow and Java Sparrows breed on Hawaii. Biological homogenization qualifies as a global environmental catastrophe. The Earth has never witnessed such a broad and complete reorganization of species distributions.

Public Health Significance of Urban Pests

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Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9289071885
Total Pages : 293 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Public Health Significance of Urban Pests by : Xavier Bonnefoy

Download or read book Public Health Significance of Urban Pests written by Xavier Bonnefoy and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2008 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second half of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century witnessed important changes in ecology, climate and human behaviour that favoured the development of urban pests. Most alarmingly, urban planners now face the dramatic expansion of urban sprawl, in which city suburbs are growing into the natural habitats of ticks, rodents and other pests. Also, many city managers now erroneously assume that pest-borne diseases are relics of the past. All these changes make timely a new analysis of the direct and indirect effects of present-day urban pests on health. Such an analysis should lead to the development of strategies to manage them and reduce the risk of exposure. To this end, WHO invited international experts in various fields - pests, pest-related diseases and pest management - to provide evidence on which to base policies. These experts identified the public health risk posed by various pests and appropriate measures to prevent and control them. This book presents their conclusions and formulates policy options for all levels of decision-making to manage pests and pest-related diseases in the future. [Ed.]