Determinants of Intra-industry Trade Between East and West Europe

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Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Determinants of Intra-industry Trade Between East and West Europe by : Chonira Aturupane

Download or read book Determinants of Intra-industry Trade Between East and West Europe written by Chonira Aturupane and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Determinants of Intra-Industry Trade Between East and West Europe

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis Determinants of Intra-Industry Trade Between East and West Europe by : Chonira Aturupane

Download or read book Determinants of Intra-Industry Trade Between East and West Europe written by Chonira Aturupane and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a good deal of intra-industry trade between nations in Central and Eastern Europe and the European Union. Most of it is vertical (the exchange of similar goods of different quality). Eastern European nations and the European Union (EU) is among the highest of all the EU's bilateral trade flows. Aturupane, Djankov, and Hoekman break down data on these trade flows into horizontal and vertical components and investigate the determinants of each. They find that vertical intra-industry trade (the exchange of similar goods of different quality) accounts for 80 to 90 percent of total intra-industry trade. It is positively associated with product differentiation, labor intensity of production, economies of scale, and foreign direct investment. Controlling for country effects, they find a statistically significant positive association between horizontal intra-industry trade (the exchange of close substitutes of similar quality) and foreign direct investment, product differentiation, and industry concentration. They find a significant negative relationship for economies of scale and labor intensity. These results do not hold if they do not control for country effects, suggesting that country-specific factors are key determinants of horizontal intra-industry trade. This paper - a product of the Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to analyze the role of trade and foreign investment in the process of transition in Eastern Europe.

Determinants of Intra-Industry Trade Between East and West Europe

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (913 download)

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Book Synopsis Determinants of Intra-Industry Trade Between East and West Europe by : Bernard M. Hoekman

Download or read book Determinants of Intra-Industry Trade Between East and West Europe written by Bernard M. Hoekman and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: November 1997 There is a good deal of intra-industry trade between nations in Central and Eastern Europe and the European Union. Most of it is vertical (the exchange of similar goods of different quality). Eastern European nations and the European Union (EU) is among the highest of all the EU's bilateral trade flows. Aturupane, Djankov, and Hoekman break down data on these trade flows into horizontal and vertical components and investigate the determinants of each. They find that vertical intra-industry trade (the exchange of similar goods of different quality) accounts for 80 to 90 percent of total intra-industry trade. It is positively associated with product differentiation, labor intensity of production, economies of scale, and foreign direct investment. Controlling for country effects, they find a statistically significant positive association between horizontal intra-industry trade (the exchange of close substitutes of similar quality) and foreign direct investment, product differentiation, and industry concentration. They find a significant negative relationship for economies of scale and labor intensity. These results do not hold if they do not control for country effects, suggesting that country-specific factors are key determinants of horizontal intra-industry trade. This paper-a product of the Development Research Group-is part of a larger effort in the group to analyze the role of trade and foreign investment in the process of transition in Eastern Europe.

Emigration and Its Economic Impact on Eastern Europe

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Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1498367453
Total Pages : 48 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (983 download)

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Book Synopsis Emigration and Its Economic Impact on Eastern Europe by : Mr.Ruben Atoyan

Download or read book Emigration and Its Economic Impact on Eastern Europe written by Mr.Ruben Atoyan and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2016-07-20 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyses the impact of large and persistent emigration from Eastern European countries over the past 25 years on these countries’ growth and income convergence to advanced Europe. While emigration has likely benefited migrants themselves, the receiving countries and the EU as a whole, its impact on sending countries’ economies has been largely negative. The analysis suggests that labor outflows, particularly of skilled workers, lowered productivity growth, pushed up wages, and slowed growth and income convergence. At the same time, while remittance inflows supported financial deepening, consumption and investment in some countries, they also reduced incentives to work and led to exchange rate appreciations, eroding competiveness. The departure of the young also added to the fiscal pressures of already aging populations in Eastern Europe. The paper concludes with policy recommendations for sending countries to mitigate the negative impact of emigration on their economies, and the EU-wide initiatives that could support these efforts.

Westpreußen-jahrbuch

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Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 3980203115
Total Pages : 34 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (82 download)

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Book Synopsis Westpreußen-jahrbuch by :

Download or read book Westpreußen-jahrbuch written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Child Mortality and Public Spending on Health

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Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 46 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Child Mortality and Public Spending on Health by : Deon Filmer

Download or read book Child Mortality and Public Spending on Health written by Deon Filmer and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Economic Restructuring and Integration in Eastern Europe

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Publisher : Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 482 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Economic Restructuring and Integration in Eastern Europe by : Ruslan Grinberg

Download or read book Economic Restructuring and Integration in Eastern Europe written by Ruslan Grinberg and published by Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft. This book was released on 2008 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the main results of INDEUNIS, which is an international research project coordinated by the Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies and financed by the European Commission under its Sixth Framework Programme. Researchers f

Revealed Comparative Advantage in Trade Between the European Union and the Baltic Countries

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Revealed Comparative Advantage in Trade Between the European Union and the Baltic Countries by : Ville Kaitila

Download or read book Revealed Comparative Advantage in Trade Between the European Union and the Baltic Countries written by Ville Kaitila and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Import Propensities of Industrialized Countries

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1349622079
Total Pages : 247 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (496 download)

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Book Synopsis Import Propensities of Industrialized Countries by : J. Lutz

Download or read book Import Propensities of Industrialized Countries written by J. Lutz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-30 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume analyzes the import patterns of selected countries to determine which nations are active importers and which ones import much less than expected. The majority of the work focuses on the industrialized countries, which are at the center of the international trading system, determining which are very active importers and which are not. Controls for wealth, size, and membership in customs areas are included. Countries importing at levels below predicted ones are the countries likely to be most effective at protecting domestic industries from foreign competition. For example, the results permit an evaluation of the arguments that Japan has consistently imported less than would be expected due to the presence of barriers protecting the domestic market.

Trade Specialisation Patterns

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 50 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Trade Specialisation Patterns by : Bernadina Algieri

Download or read book Trade Specialisation Patterns written by Bernadina Algieri and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tiivistelmä.

The Political Economy of Restructuring of East-West Trade

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Political Economy of Restructuring of East-West Trade by : Jarko Fidrmuc

Download or read book The Political Economy of Restructuring of East-West Trade written by Jarko Fidrmuc and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Central and Eastern European Countries in the International Division of Labour in Europe

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 162 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Central and Eastern European Countries in the International Division of Labour in Europe by : Michael Freudenberg

Download or read book Central and Eastern European Countries in the International Division of Labour in Europe written by Michael Freudenberg and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dix pays d'Europe centrale et orientale sont candidats à l'entrée dans l'Union européenne et cinq d'entre eux ont déjà engagé des négociations d'adhésion. Dans le cadre des accords d'Association que ces dix pays ont avec l'UE, les échanges de produits industriels ont déjà été, pour l'essentiel, libéralisés. Dans la perspective de leur intégration dans l'Union européenne, cette étude analyse l'évolution de la place des pays candidats dans la division internationale du travail en Europe au cours de ces toutes dernières années. L'étude montre que, par delà la relative stabilité de leurs avantages comparatifs, des changements sont en cours et suggère que l'état actuel de leurs avantages comparatifs pourraient refléter plus des points forts hérités du passé que leurs futures spécialisations. Premièrement, on observe une tendance à la déspécialisation : le commerce des pays d'Europe centrale se caractérise par une réduction de leurs avantages comparatifs dans les secteurs où ceux-ci étaient les plus forts (habillement) et une réduction de leurs désavantages comparatifs les plus marqués. Deuxièmement au cours de cette brève période certains pays ont réussi à se bâtir des avantages comparatifs dans de nouveaux secteurs industriels. L'émergence de nouveaux points forts a été particulièrement remarquable dans les industries mécaniques, où certains pays d'Europe centrale ont réussi une forte percée à l'exportation. Troisièmement, les investissements directs étrangers jouent désormais un rôle significatif dans les industries manufacturières de ces pays et sont souvent à l'origine des bonnes performances à l'exportation. L'étude analyse ensuite la structure du commerce des pays candidats à la lumière de deux phénomènes observables dans le commerce entre pays industrialisés et qui caractérisent le processus de globalisation. D'abord, la division internationale des processus de production (la segmentation internationale de la chaîne des valeurs ajoutées), qui permet une spécialisation plus profonde. Ensuite, le commerce intra-industriel, qui peut porter sur des produits différenciés horizontalement (échange de variétés) ou sur des produits différenciés verticalement (échanges de qualités). Le poids croissant des produits intermédiaires dans les exportations comme dans les importations des pays candidats suggère que ces pays sont de plus en plus engagés dans une division internationale des processus de production en Europe. L'analyse des échanges par stades de production montre que cette segmentation internationale des processus de production entre les deux parties de l'Europe, qui était autrefois cantonnée à des industries traditionnelles (textile-habillement), s'est étendue ces dernières années à de nouvelles industries (automobile, matériel de télécommunication). Cette analyse permet aussi de nuancer la portée des changements intervenus dans la structure sectorielle d'échanges des pays d'Europe centrale et orientale. Ainsi la progression des exportations des pays d'Europe centrale dans les industries mécaniques est due à celle des produits intermédiaires et non à celle des biens d'investissement. La diversification des exportations s'est donc faite au profit des productions les moins élaborées. L'écart entre les structures d'exportation par stade de production des pays candidats et celles de l'UE reste important. D'un autre coté, la production des pays candidats incorpore une fraction croissante de produits intermédiaires importés, ce qui devrait à terme améliorer la compétitivité des secteurs aval. Pour apprécier le degré d'asymétrie structurelle entre les pays de l'est et de l'ouest de l'Europe et les effets potentiels de la première vague d'élargissement sur les structures de production, l'étude met en évidence l'importance respective du commerce inter et intraindustriel, en se fondant sur une analyse des échangés bilatéraux au niveau le plus fin de la nomenclature. Une des principales conclusions est que le commerce des pays baltes et des pays balkaniques avec l'UE reste pour l'essentiel un commerce univoque (intersectoriel), correspondant à une division traditionnelle du travail conforme aux avantages comparatifs. Par contre, le commerce des pays d'Europe centrale (en particulier la République tchèque, la Hongrie et la Slovénie) se caractérise par le poids relativement important et croissant des échanges intra industriels, qui correspond, en partie, à la "nouvelle économie internationale", fondée sur les économies d'échelle et la différenciation des produits. Cette situation révèle que ces pays ont des structures de production qui convergent progressivement avec celles des pays d'Europe occidentale. Les différences ainsi mises en évidence entre les pays candidats ont des implications sur les coûts de l'élargissement dans la mesure où ceux-ci sont censés être moins importants dans le cas d'un commerce intraindustriel que dans le cas d'échanges interindustriels. Dans ce dernier cas en effet, le renforcement de la spécialisation implique l'abandon des productions qui ont un désavantage comparatif et la réallocation des facteurs de production vers un nombre limité de secteurs exportateurs. Cependant l'analyse des échanges en termes de différenciation des produits montre que pour tous les pays candidats, le commerce intra-industriel de produits différenciés verticalement (associé à une spécialisation sur des gammes de qualité) est beaucoup plus important et plus dynamique que le commerce de produits différenciés horizontalement (associé à des échanges de variétés). D'où la question de la spécialisation des pays candidats en termes de qualité. Ceux-ci demeurent globalement spécialisés sur les produits bas de gamme et moyenne gamme. Cependant, tous les pays d'Europe centrale ont réduit le désavantage comparatif qu'ils ont dans les produits haut de gamme et certains d'entre eux ont développé un avantage comparatif dans le haut de gamme sur certains des secteurs où ils ont les plus gros excédents commerciaux. On observe aussi dans bien des cas la coexistence au sein d'un même secteur d'un relatif excédent sur une gamme de qualité et d'un relatif déficit sur une autre gamme. Les pays d'Europe centrale et orientale ont généralement un désavantage comparatif dans le haut de gamme des secteurs où elles ont globalement un avantage comparatif, mais ils ont aussi, parfois, un avantage comparatif dans le bas de gamme des secteurs où ils sont globalement déficitaires. Il existe ainsi une division qualitative du travail entre l'est et l'ouest de l'Europe. Entre 1993 et 1996, les pays d'Europe centrale ont tous amélioré leur position relative sur le haut de gamme, ce qui n'est pas le cas des pays baltes et des pays balkaniques. Ainsi l'intégration de la première vague de candidats ne devrait pas suivre un scénario qui les cantonnerait dans une spécialisation résiduelle dans le bas de gamme, avec toutes les conséquences négatives que cela implique pour leurs perspectives de rattrapage.

Russian & East European Finance and Trade

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 576 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Russian & East European Finance and Trade written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Soviet and Eastern European Foreign Trade

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 574 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)

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Book Synopsis Soviet and Eastern European Foreign Trade by :

Download or read book Soviet and Eastern European Foreign Trade written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

East Asian Review

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 544 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis East Asian Review by :

Download or read book East Asian Review written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Road to the European Union

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Publisher : Manchester University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780719065613
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (656 download)

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Book Synopsis The Road to the European Union by : Jacques Rupnik

Download or read book The Road to the European Union written by Jacques Rupnik and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a timely and solid portrait of modern China from the First Opium War to the Xi Jinping era. Unlike the handful of existing textbooks that only provide narratives, this textbook fashions a new and practical way to study modern China. Written exclusively for university students, A-level or high school teachers and students, it uses primary sources to tell the story of China and introduces them to existing scholarship and academic debate so they can conduct independent research for their essays and dissertations. This book will be required reading for students who embark on the study of Chinese history, politics, economics, diaspora, sociology, literature, cultural, urban and women's studies. It would be essential reading to journalists, NGO workers, diplomats, government officials, businessmen and travellers.

European Integration

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521435277
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (352 download)

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Book Synopsis European Integration by : L. Alan Winters

Download or read book European Integration written by L. Alan Winters and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1993-02-18 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much research has been devoted to the consequences of the completion of the European internal market in 1992. Existing estimates of the effects of market integration remain exploratory, however, and many important issues have yet to be adequately addressed. These are the issues concerning this book. Edited by L. Alan Winters and Anthony Venables, the volume examines such questions as the extent of gains to be expected from both 'internal' and 'external' economies of scale following integration, the implications of 1992 for the European Community's trade with its traditional EFTA partners, the potentially valuable new East European markets, and the rest of the world. There are also chapters considering the implications of the internal market for the design of appropriate technology and taxation policies, and a study of the role of Japanese foreign direct investment in European manufacturing.