Decision Science and Social Risk Management

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400946988
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Decision Science and Social Risk Management by : M.W Merkhofer

Download or read book Decision Science and Social Risk Management written by M.W Merkhofer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economists, decision analysts, management scientists, and others have long argued that government should take a more scientific approach to decision making. Pointing to various theories for prescribing and rational izing choices, they have maintained that social goals could be achieved more effectively and at lower costs if government decisions were routinely subjected to analysis. Now, government policy makers are putting decision science to the test. Recent government actions encourage and in some cases require government decisions to be evaluated using formally defined principles 01' rationality. Will decision science pass tbis test? The answer depends on whether analysts can quickly and successfully translate their theories into practical approaches and whether these approaches promote the solution of the complex, highly uncertain, and politically sensitive problems that are of greatest concern to government decision makers. The future of decision science, perhaps even the nation's well-being, depends on the outcome. A major difficulty for the analysts who are being called upon by government to apply decision-aiding approaches is that decision science has not yet evolved a universally accepted methodology for analyzing social decisions involving risk. Numerous approaches have been proposed, including variations of cost-benefit analysis, decision analysis, and applied social welfare theory. Each of these, however, has its limitations and deficiencies and none has a proven track record for application to govern ment decisions involving risk. Cost-benefit approaches have been exten sively applied by the government, but most applications have been for decisions that were largely risk-free.

Science and Decisions

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309120462
Total Pages : 422 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Science and Decisions by : National Research Council

Download or read book Science and Decisions written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-03-24 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Risk assessment has become a dominant public policy tool for making choices, based on limited resources, to protect public health and the environment. It has been instrumental to the mission of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as well as other federal agencies in evaluating public health concerns, informing regulatory and technological decisions, prioritizing research needs and funding, and in developing approaches for cost-benefit analysis. However, risk assessment is at a crossroads. Despite advances in the field, risk assessment faces a number of significant challenges including lengthy delays in making complex decisions; lack of data leading to significant uncertainty in risk assessments; and many chemicals in the marketplace that have not been evaluated and emerging agents requiring assessment. Science and Decisions makes practical scientific and technical recommendations to address these challenges. This book is a complement to the widely used 1983 National Academies book, Risk Assessment in the Federal Government (also known as the Red Book). The earlier book established a framework for the concepts and conduct of risk assessment that has been adopted by numerous expert committees, regulatory agencies, and public health institutions. The new book embeds these concepts within a broader framework for risk-based decision-making. Together, these are essential references for those working in the regulatory and public health fields.

The Science of Bureaucracy

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Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 026253794X
Total Pages : 453 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis The Science of Bureaucracy by : David Demortain

Download or read book The Science of Bureaucracy written by David Demortain and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2020-01-21 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How the US Environmental Protection Agency designed the governance of risk and forged its legitimacy over the course of four decades. The US Environmental Protection Agency was established in 1970 to protect the public health and environment, administering and enforcing a range of statutes and programs. Over four decades, the EPA has been a risk bureaucracy, formalizing many of the methods of the scientific governance of risk, from quantitative risk assessment to risk ranking. Demortain traces the creation of these methods for the governance of risk, the controversies to which they responded, and the controversies that they aroused in turn. He discusses the professional networks in which they were conceived; how they were used; and how they served to legitimize the EPA. Demortain argues that the EPA is structurally embedded in controversy, resulting in constant reevaluation of its credibility and fueling the evolution of the knowledge and technologies it uses to produce decisions and to create a legitimate image of how and why it acts on the environment. He describes the emergence and institutionalization of the risk assessment–risk management framework codified in the National Research Council's Red Book, and its subsequent unraveling as the agency's mission evolved toward environmental justice, ecological restoration, and sustainability, and as controversies over determining risk gained vigor in the 1990s. Through its rise and fall at the EPA, risk decision-making enshrines the science of a bureaucracy that learns how to make credible decisions and to reform itself, amid constant conflicts about the environment, risk, and its own legitimacy.

Risk and Decision Making

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 80 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Risk and Decision Making by :

Download or read book Risk and Decision Making written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Decision Making, Assessment and Risk in Social Work

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Publisher : Learning Matters
ISBN 13 : 1526412527
Total Pages : 455 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (264 download)

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Book Synopsis Decision Making, Assessment and Risk in Social Work by : Brian J. Taylor

Download or read book Decision Making, Assessment and Risk in Social Work written by Brian J. Taylor and published by Learning Matters. This book was released on 2017-04-10 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At a time when accountability and the avoidance of risk are increasingly demanded of social workers, the ability to make clear and informed decisions is essential. This book, written for practicing social workers undertaking their ASYE and compulsory CPD, has been designed to help professionals make sound judgments in increasingly complex contexts and under pressure. The focus is on empowering front-line professionals through reflective practice, so that they are able to draw on multiple factors and perspectives and make sound problem-solving judgements. The book begins with the core concepts, client focus, and legal background before moving on to consider the collaborative processes and the nature of individual judgements. It then considers particular dimensions of social work decision making, such as safeguarding, taking risks, assessment and dynamic decision tools and processes. It then concludes by look at the organisational context of decision management, with a focus on supervision, training and effective communication.

Risk Acceptability According to the Social Sciences

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Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 9780415291149
Total Pages : 136 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis Risk Acceptability According to the Social Sciences by : Mary Douglas

Download or read book Risk Acceptability According to the Social Sciences written by Mary Douglas and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1985, Mary Douglas intended Risk and Acceptabilityas a review of the existing literature on the state of risk theory, she instead uses the book to argue risk analysis from an anthropological perspective.

Risk Management and Political Culture

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Publisher : Russell Sage Foundation
ISBN 13 : 1610443101
Total Pages : 104 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Risk Management and Political Culture by : Sheila Jasanoff

Download or read book Risk Management and Political Culture written by Sheila Jasanoff and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 1986-07-02 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique comparative study looks at efforts to regulate carcinogenic chemicals in several Western democracies, including the United States, and finds marked national differences in how conflicting scientific interpretations and competing political interests are resolved. Whether risk issues are referred to expert committees without public debate or debated openly in a variety of forums, patterns of interaction among experts, policy makers, and the public reflect fundamental features of each country's political culture. "A provocative argument....Poses interesting questions for the sociology of science, especially science produced for public debate."—Contemporary Sociology A Volume in the Russell Sage Foundation's Social Science Frontiers Series

Handbook of Risk Theory

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400714335
Total Pages : 1209 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Risk Theory by : Rafaela Hillerbrand

Download or read book Handbook of Risk Theory written by Rafaela Hillerbrand and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-12 with total page 1209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Risk has become one of the main topics in fields as diverse as engineering, medicine and economics, and it is also studied by social scientists, psychologists and legal scholars. But the topic of risk also leads to more fundamental questions such as: What is risk? What can decision theory contribute to the analysis of risk? What does the human perception of risk mean for society? How should we judge whether a risk is morally acceptable or not? Over the last couple of decades questions like these have attracted interest from philosophers and other scholars into risk theory. This handbook provides for an overview into key topics in a major new field of research. It addresses a wide range of topics, ranging from decision theory, risk perception to ethics and social implications of risk, and it also addresses specific case studies. It aims to promote communication and information among all those who are interested in theoetical issues concerning risk and uncertainty. This handbook brings together internationally leading philosophers and scholars from other disciplines who work on risk theory. The contributions are accessibly written and highly relevant to issues that are studied by risk scholars. We hope that the Handbook of Risk Theory will be a helpful starting point for all risk scholars who are interested in broadening and deepening their current perspectives.

Tools for Making Acute Risk Decisions

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470938161
Total Pages : 498 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (79 download)

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Book Synopsis Tools for Making Acute Risk Decisions by : CCPS (Center for Chemical Process Safety)

Download or read book Tools for Making Acute Risk Decisions written by CCPS (Center for Chemical Process Safety) and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-09-14 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The complexity of today's risk decisions is well known. Beyond cost and risk there are many other factors contributing to these decisions, including type of risk (such as human injury or fatality), the economic impact on the local community, profitability, availability of capital, alternatives for reducing or eliminating the risk, costs of implementing alternatives, codes, standards, regulation, and good industry practice. This book presents a large range of decision aids for risk analysts and decision makers in industry so that vital decisions can be made in a more consistent, logical, and rigorous manner. Though primarily aimed at the process industry, this book can be used by anyone who makes similar decisions in other industries, including those in management science.

Understanding Risk

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309089565
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Risk by : National Research Council

Download or read book Understanding Risk written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1996-07-05 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding Risk addresses a central dilemma of risk decisionmaking in a democracy: detailed scientific and technical information is essential for making decisions, but the people who make and live with those decisions are not scientists. The key task of risk characterization is to provide needed and appropriate information to decisionmakers and the public. This important new volume illustrates that making risks understandable to the public involves much more than translating scientific knowledge. The volume also draws conclusions about what society should expect from risk characterization and offers clear guidelines and principles for informing the wide variety of risk decisions that face our increasingly technological society. Frames fundamental questions about what risk characterization means. Reviews traditional definitions and explores new conceptual and practical approaches. Explores how risk characterization should inform decisionmakers and the public. Looks at risk characterization in the context of the entire decisionmaking process. Understanding Risk discusses how risk characterization has fallen short in many recent controversial decisions. Throughout the text, examples and case studiesâ€"such as planning for the long-term ecological health of the Everglades or deciding on the operation of a waste incineratorâ€"bring key concepts to life. Understanding Risk will be important to anyone involved in risk issues: federal, state, and local policymakers and regulators; risk managers; scientists; industrialists; researchers; and concerned individuals.

Science and Judgment in Risk Assessment

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030904894X
Total Pages : 668 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Science and Judgment in Risk Assessment by : National Research Council

Download or read book Science and Judgment in Risk Assessment written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1994-01-01 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The public depends on competent risk assessment from the federal government and the scientific community to grapple with the threat of pollution. When risk reports turn out to be overblownâ€"or when risks are overlookedâ€"public skepticism abounds. This comprehensive and readable book explores how the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) can improve its risk assessment practices, with a focus on implementation of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments. With a wealth of detailed information, pertinent examples, and revealing analysis, the volume explores the "default option" and other basic concepts. It offers two views of EPA operations: The first examines how EPA currently assesses exposure to hazardous air pollutants, evaluates the toxicity of a substance, and characterizes the risk to the public. The second, more holistic, view explores how EPA can improve in several critical areas of risk assessment by focusing on cross-cutting themes and incorporating more scientific judgment. This comprehensive volume will be important to the EPA and other agencies, risk managers, environmental advocates, scientists, faculty, students, and concerned individuals.

Perspectives on Uncertainty and Risk

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401725837
Total Pages : 444 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Perspectives on Uncertainty and Risk by : Marjolein B.A. van Asselt

Download or read book Perspectives on Uncertainty and Risk written by Marjolein B.A. van Asselt and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is intended to stimulate a change in the practice of decision support, advocating an interdisciplinary approach centred on both social and natural sciences, both theory and practice. It addresses the issue of analysis and management of uncertainty and risk in decision support corresponding to the aims of Integrated Assessment. A pluralistic method is necessary to account for legitimate plural interpretations of uncertainty and multiple risk perceptions. A wide range of methods and tools is presented to contribute to adequate and effective pluralistic uncertainty management and risk analysis in decision support endeavours. Special attention is given to the development of one such approach, the Pluralistic fRamework for Integrated uncertainty Management and risk Analysis (PRIMA), of which the practical value is explored in the context of the Environmental Outlooks produced by the Dutch Institute for Public Health and Environment (RIVM). Audience: This book will be of interest to researchers and practitioners whose work involves decision support, uncertainty management, risk analysis, environmental planning, and Integrated Assessment.

Risk Assessment, Modeling and Decision Support

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540711589
Total Pages : 339 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Risk Assessment, Modeling and Decision Support by : Ann Bostrom

Download or read book Risk Assessment, Modeling and Decision Support written by Ann Bostrom and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-10 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers in this volume integrate results from current research efforts in earthquake engineering with research from the larger risk assessment community. The authors include risk and hazard researchers from the major U.S. hazard and earthquake centers. The volume lays out a road map for future developments in risk modeling and decision support, and positions earthquake engineering research within the family of risk analysis tools and techniques.

Decision Science and Technology

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461550890
Total Pages : 425 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)

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Book Synopsis Decision Science and Technology by : James Shanteau

Download or read book Decision Science and Technology written by James Shanteau and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Decision Science and Technology is a compilation of chapters written in honor of a remarkable man, Ward Edwards. Among Ward's many contributions are two significant accomplishments, either of which would have been enough for a very distinguished career. First, Ward is the founder of behavioral decision theory. This interdisciplinary discipline addresses the question of how people actually confront decisions, as opposed to the question of how they should make decisions. Second, Ward laid the groundwork for sound normative systems by noticing which tasks humans can do well and which tasks computers should perform. This volume, organized into five parts, reflects those accomplishments and more. The book is divided into four sections: `Behavioral Decision Theory' examines theoretical descriptions and empirical findings about human decision making. `Decision Analysis' examines topics in decision analysis.`Decision in Society' explores issues in societal decision making. The final section, `Historical Notes', provides some historical perspectives on the development of the decision theory. Within these sections, major, multi-disciplinary scholars in decision theory have written chapters exploring some very bold themes in the field, as an examination of the book's contents will show. The main reason for the health of the Decision Analysis field is its close links between theory and applications that have characterized it over the years. In this volume, the chapters by Barron and Barrett; Fishburn; Fryback; Keeney; Moreno, Pericchi, and Kadane; Howard; Phillips; Slovic and Gregory; Winkler; and, above all, von Winterfeldt focus on those links. Decision science originally developed out of concern with real decision problems; and applied work, such as is represented in this volume, will help the field to remain strong.

Digital Security Risk Management for Economic and Social Prosperity OECD Recommendation and Companion Document

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Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264245472
Total Pages : 74 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (642 download)

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Book Synopsis Digital Security Risk Management for Economic and Social Prosperity OECD Recommendation and Companion Document by : OECD

Download or read book Digital Security Risk Management for Economic and Social Prosperity OECD Recommendation and Companion Document written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2015-10-01 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This OECD Recommendation and its Companion Document provide guidance for all stakeholders on the economic and social prosperity dimensions of digital security risk.

Basic Social Policy and Planning

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136460764
Total Pages : 341 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (364 download)

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Book Synopsis Basic Social Policy and Planning by : Hobart A Burch

Download or read book Basic Social Policy and Planning written by Hobart A Burch and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-11-12 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Basic Social Policy and Planning, Burch presents a generic process for professional intervention and social work leadership that is required of those who desire to achieve improvements in the lives of those they serve. Burch developed this text and guide so that even persons with no prior formal training in social planning can apply these principles in their practices. Because few social workers are content with simply repairing the damages caused by inequities, inadequacies, and injustices in society, Basic Social Policy and Planning offers a usable set of guidelines on how to change lives for the better, in small and occasionally large ways, from within any setting--agency, community, and public policy. Social workers, nurses, teachers, and other human service professionals spend their lives relating to the social and emotional needs and problems of people. Burch converts sophisticated policy and planning concepts and techniques into a form which experts and non-experts can understand, relate to, and apply in their practices. He supplies these workers with approaches, methods, models, ways of thinking, and techniques for planning. He covers: VIBES (Values, Interests, Beliefs, Ethics, and Slants): Understanding where you and others are coming from and toward what destination you and they are heading Systems theories and worldviews: Understanding how these affect planning Logical analysis of all ways of thinking--scientific and experiential, bounded and nonbounded Different approaches to planning--comprehensive rational analysis; disjointed incrementalism and satisficing; mixed scanning; strategic, decentralized, contingency, transactional, and advocacy planning Global, strategic, tactical, and project management levels of planning Needs assessment and participation of those who will be affected Quantitative and economic planning approaches: Understanding basic ideology and assumptions Quantitative and economic approaches--measurement, pricing, cost-effectiveness and cost-benefit analysis, decision analysis When used as a text, the first priority of this book is to give BSW and MSW students the training which they will need and want later in their careers. This training is consistent with Council on Social Work Education’s required BSW/MSW foundation courses as well as advance practice courses in most programs. When used as a guidebook for the many practitioners who have learned, since graduation, that they need more skill in setting and achieving policy, agency, and community goals than they learned in school, Basic Social Policy and Planning can enhance the “left brain” in social workers, who as a group tend to be stronger in the “right brain” direction with chapters that walk the reader step-by-step through a generic rational planning model and tell why, whom, when, and how to involve others in planning. Because the substance of the book is rooted in advance interdisciplinary planning theory and practice, this book is just what the doctor ordered for a doctoral first course in policy and planning--it provides the “hard” background in planning for professors of policy and macro practice. It is also highly appropriate for new PhDs who are assigned to teach such courses with limited background with its chapters on foundations of policy and planning, various approaches to planning, and quantitative techniques related to costs, benefits, and uncertainties in planning.

Dissenting Social Work

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000347885
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Dissenting Social Work by : Paul Michael Garrett

Download or read book Dissenting Social Work written by Paul Michael Garrett and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-03-03 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, from one of international social work’s leading radical educators, provides a richly compelling argument for the profession to become more critical and dissenting. Addressing the troubled times in which we find ourselves, Garrett’s book examines a broad range of theoretical frameworks and draws on diverse writers, such as Marx, Foucault, Brown, Zuboff, Rancière, Wacquant, Arendt, Levinas, Fanon and Gramsci. The author’s panoramic vision encompasses Ireland, the United Kingdom, the United States, Algeria, Israel/Palestine and China. Timely, lively and accessible, this book speaks directly to some of the main preoccupations of our era. Readers will be encouraged to relate developments in social work to key themes circulating around migration, the threat of neo-fascism, surveillance culture, colonialism, the Black Lives Matter movement and the COVID-19 pandemic. Imbued with a sense of hope for a brighter future, this book encourages a new generation of social work students to recognise and examine the importance of critical theory for understanding the structural forces shaping their lives and the lives of those with whom they work and provide services. This book is vital, indispensable and essential reading for social work students and other readers, throughout the world, seeking to make the connection between social work, social theory and sociology. Paul Michael Garrett—probably the most important critical social work theorist in the English-speaking world—is a remarkable and very productive critical thinker. In this book he deals with issues of migration, the threat of neo-fascism, surveillance culture, colonialism, the Black Lives Matter movement, and the COVID-19 pandemic... Insightful and inspiring, thought-provoking and comprehensive in addressing timely critical issues for social work globally. (Filipe Duarte, International Journal of Social Welfare, 2021)