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Criticism Of Crusading
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Book Synopsis Criticism of Crusading by : Elizabeth Siberry
Download or read book Criticism of Crusading written by Elizabeth Siberry and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1985 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unlike most historical works on criticism of crusading, which focus on the 13th century, this detailed study traces the subject from the time of the First Crusade to the Second Council of Lyons. Drawing on a wide range of Latin and vernacular sources, Siberry argues that most critics were actually more concerned with abuses of crusading ideals and practices than with their justification, and even made suggestions for improvement. Each chapter covers a different type of criticism--from bitter criticism of those who were capable of fighting but failed to fulfill their vows to complaints about the behavior of the crusading armies--and assesses its significance. Siberry refutes many scholarly misconceptions about the nature and extent of the critics' protests, and concludes that there was still much popular enthusiasm for crusading in 1274.
Book Synopsis How to Plan a Crusade by : Christopher Tyerman
Download or read book How to Plan a Crusade written by Christopher Tyerman and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2017-10-03 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The story of the wars and conquests initiated by the First Crusade and its successors is itself so compelling that most accounts move quickly from describing the Pope's calls to arms to the battlefield. In this highly original and enjoyable new book, Christopher Tyerman focuses on something obvious but overlooked: the massive, all-encompassing, and hugely costly business of actually preparing a crusade. The efforts of many thousands of men and women, who left their lands and families in Western Europe, and marched off to a highly uncertain future in the Holy Land and elsewhere have never been sufficiently understood. Their actions raise a host of compelling questions about the nature of medieval society.How to Plan a Crusade is remarkably illuminating on the diplomacy, communications, propaganda, use of mass media, medical care, equipment, voyages, money, weapons, wills, ransoms, animals, and the power of prayer during this dynamic era. It brings to life an extraordinary period of history in a new and surprising way.
Book Synopsis The First Crusade by : Thomas Asbridge
Download or read book The First Crusade written by Thomas Asbridge and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2012-01-26 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'A nuanced and sophisticated analysis... Exhilarating' Sunday Telegraph Nine hundred years ago, one of the most controversial episodes in Christian history was initiated. The Pope stated that, in spite of the apparently pacifist message of the New Testament, God actually wanted European knights to wage a fierce and bloody war against Islam and recapture Jerusalem. Thus was the First Crusade born. Focusing on the characters that drove this extraordinary campaign, this fascinating period of history is recreated through awe-inspiring and often barbaric tales of bold adventure while at the same time providing significant insights into early medieval society, morality and mentality. The First Crusade marked a watershed in relations between Islam and the West, a conflict that set these two world religions on a course towards deep-seated animosity and enduring enmity. The chilling reverberations of this earth-shattering clash still echo in the world today. '[Asbridge] balances persuasive analysis with a flair for conveying with dramatic power the crusaders' plight' Financial Times
Download or read book Sacred Plunder written by David M. Perry and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2015-06-18 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Sacred Plunder, David Perry argues that plundered relics, and narratives about them, played a central role in shaping the memorial legacy of the Fourth Crusade and the development of Venice’s civic identity in the thirteenth century. After the Fourth Crusade ended in 1204, the disputes over the memory and meaning of the conquest began. Many crusaders faced accusations of impiety, sacrilege, violence, and theft. In their own defense, they produced hagiographical narratives about the movement of relics—a medieval genre called translatio—that restated their own versions of events and shaped the memory of the crusade. The recipients of relics commissioned these unique texts in order to exempt both the objects and the people involved with their theft from broader scrutiny or criticism. Perry further demonstrates how these narratives became a focal point for cultural transformation and an argument for the creation of the new Venetian empire as the city moved from an era of mercantile expansion to one of imperial conquest in the thirteenth century.
Download or read book God's War written by Christopher Tyerman and published by Penguin UK. This book was released on 2007-10-04 with total page 1040 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Wonderfully written and characteristically brilliant' Peter Frankopan, author of The Silk Roads 'Elegant, readable ... an impressive synthesis ... Not many historians could have done it' - Jonathan Sumption, Spectator 'Tyerman's book is fascinating not just for what it has to tell us about the Crusades, but for the mirror it holds up to today's religious extremism' - Tom Holland, Spectator Thousands left their homelands in the Middle Ages to fight wars abroad. But how did the Crusades actually happen? From recruitment propaganda to raising money, ships to siege engines, medicine to the power of prayer, this vivid, surprising history shows holy war - and medieval society - in a new light.
Book Synopsis The Crusades, Christianity, and Islam by : Jonathan Riley-Smith
Download or read book The Crusades, Christianity, and Islam written by Jonathan Riley-Smith and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Claiming that many in the West lack a thorough understanding of crusading, Jonathan Riley-Smith explains why and where the Crusades were fought, identifies their architects, and shows how deeply their language and imagery were embedded in popular Catholic thought and devotional life.
Book Synopsis Nebuchadnezzar's Dream by : Jay Rubenstein
Download or read book Nebuchadnezzar's Dream written by Jay Rubenstein and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-12-03 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1099, the soldiers of the First Crusade took Jerusalem. As the news of this victory spread throughout Medieval Europe, it felt nothing less than miraculous and dream-like, to such an extent that many believed history itself had been fundamentally altered by the event and that the Rapture was at hand. As a result of military conquest, Christians could see themselves as agents of rather than mere actors in their own salvation. The capture of Jerusalem changed everything. A loosely defined geographic backwater, comprised of petty kingdoms and shifting alliances, Medieval Europe began now to imagine itself as the center of the world. The West had overtaken the East not just on the world's stage but in God's plans. To justify this, its writers and thinkers turned to ancient prophecies, and specifically to one of the most enigmatic passages in the Bible the dream King Nebuchadnezzar has in the Book of Daniel, of a statue with a golden head and feet of clay. Conventional interpretation of the dream transformed the state into a series of kingdoms, each less glorious than the last, leading inexorably to the end of all earthly realms-- in short, to the Apocalypse. The First Crusade signified to Christians that the dream of Nebuchadnezzar would be fulfilled on their terms. Such heady reconceptions continued until the disaster of the Second Crusade and with it, the collapse of any dreams of unification or salvation-any notion that conquering the Holy Land and defeating the Infidel could absolve sin. In Nebuchadnezzar's Dream, Jay Rubenstein boldly maps out the steps by which these social, political, economic, and intellectual shifts occurred throughout the 12th century, drawing on those who guided and explained them. The Crusades raised the possibility of imagining the Apocalypse as more than prophecy but actual event. Rubenstein examines how those who confronted the conflict between prophecy and reality transformed the meaning and memory of the Crusades as well as their place in history.
Download or read book God's Battalions written by Rodney Stark and published by Harper Collins. This book was released on 2009-09-29 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In God's Battalions, award-winning author Rodney Stark takes on the long-held view that the Crusades were the first round of European colonialism, conducted for land, loot, and converts by barbarian Christians who victimized the cultivated Muslims. To the contrary, Stark argues that the Crusades were the first military response to unwarranted Muslim terrorist aggression. Stark reviews the history of the seven major Crusades from 1095 to 1291, demonstrating that the Crusades were precipitated by Islamic provocations, centuries of bloody attempts to colonize the West, and sudden attacks on Christian pilgrims and holy places. Although the Crusades were initiated by a plea from the pope, Stark argues that this had nothing to do with any elaborate design of the Christian world to convert all Muslims to Christianity by force of arms. Given current tensions in the Middle East and terrorist attacks around the world, Stark's views are a thought-provoking contribution to our understanding and are sure to spark debate.
Author :Christopher Tyerman Publisher :Sterling Publishing Company, Inc. ISBN 13 :9781402768910 Total Pages :232 pages Book Rating :4.7/5 (689 download)
Book Synopsis The Crusades by : Christopher Tyerman
Download or read book The Crusades written by Christopher Tyerman and published by Sterling Publishing Company, Inc.. This book was released on 2009 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crusading fervor gripped Europe for more than 200 years, creating one of the most extraordinary episodes in world history. But were the Crusades the first steps in European colonialism, an attempt at ethnic cleansing, a manifestation of religious zeal--or all three? Bringing together issues of colonialism, cultural exchange, and economic exploitation, scholar Christopher Tyerman challenges our assumptions about the Crusades and encourages us to re-evaluate the relationship between past and present.
Book Synopsis The Seventh Crusade, 1244–1254 by : Peter Jackson
Download or read book The Seventh Crusade, 1244–1254 written by Peter Jackson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-04-22 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Seventh Crusade, led by King Louis IX of France, was the last major expedition for the recovery of the Holy Land actually to reach the Near East. The failure of his invasion of Egypt (1249-50), followed by his four-year stay in Palestine in order to retrieve the disaster, had a profound impact on the Latin West. In addition, Louis's operations in the Nile delta indirectly precipitated the Mamluk coup d'état, which ended the rule of the Ayyubids, Saladin's dynasty, in Egypt and began the transfer of power there to a military elite that would prove to be a far more formidable enemy to the Franks of Syria and Palestine. This volume comprises translations of the principal documents and of extracts from narrative sources - both Muslim and Christian - relating to the crusade, and includes many texts, notably the account of Ibn Wasil, not previously available in English. The themes covered include: the preparations and search for allies; the campaign in the Nile delta; the impact on recruitment of the simultaneous crusade against the emperor Frederick II; the Mamluk coup and its immediate consequences in the Near East; Western reactions to the failure in Egypt; and the popular 'crusade' of the Pastoureaux in France (1251), which aimed originally to help the absent king, but which degenerated into violence against the clergy and the Jews and had to be suppressed by force.
Book Synopsis A History of the Crusades: Volume 1, The First Crusade and the Foundation of the Kingdom of Jerusalem by : Steven Runciman
Download or read book A History of the Crusades: Volume 1, The First Crusade and the Foundation of the Kingdom of Jerusalem written by Steven Runciman and published by CUP Archive. This book was released on 1951 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sir Steven Runciman explores the First Crusade and the foundation of the kingdom of Jerusalem.
Book Synopsis Holy Warriors by : Jonathan Phillips
Download or read book Holy Warriors written by Jonathan Phillips and published by Random House. This book was released on 2010-03-09 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From an internationally renowned expert, here is an accessible and utterly fascinating one-volume history of the Crusades, thrillingly told through the experiences of its many players—knights and sultans, kings and poets, Christians and Muslims. Jonathan Phillips traces the origins, expansion, decline, and conclusion of the Crusades and comments on their contemporary echoes—from the mysteries of the Templars to the grim reality of al-Qaeda. Holy Warriors puts the past in a new perspective and brilliantly sheds light on the origins of today’s wars. Starting with Pope Urban II’s emotive, groundbreaking speech in November 1095, in which he called for the recovery of Jerusalem from Islam by the First Crusade, Phillips traces the centuries-long conflict between two of the world’s great faiths. Using songs, sermons, narratives, and letters of the period, he reveals how the success of the First Crusade inspired generations of kings to campaign for their own vainglory and set down a marker for the knights of Europe, men who increasingly blurred the boundaries between chivalry and crusading. In the Muslim world, early attempts to call a jihad fell upon deaf ears until the charisma of the Sultan Saladin brought the struggle to a climax. Yet the story that emerges has other dimensions—as never before, Phillips incorporates the holy wars within the story of medieval Christendom and Islam and shines new light on many truces, alliances, and diplomatic efforts that have been forgotten over the centuries. Holy Warriors also discusses how the term “crusade” survived into the modern era and how its redefinition through romantic literature and the drive for colonial empires during the nineteenth century gave it an energy and a resonance that persisted down to the alliance between Franco and the Church during the Spanish Civil War and right up to George W. Bush’s pious “war on terror.” Elegantly written, compulsively readable, and full of stunning new portraits of unforgettable real-life figures—from Richard the Lionhearted to Melisende, the formidable crusader queen of Jerusalem—Holy Warriors is a must-read for anyone interested in medieval Europe, as well as for those seeking to understand the history of religious conflict.
Book Synopsis Muslims and Crusaders by : Niall Christie
Download or read book Muslims and Crusaders written by Niall Christie and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-04-02 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Muslims and Crusaders combines chronological narrative, discussion of important areas of scholarly enquiry and evidence from Islamic primary sources to give a well-rounded survey of Christianity’s wars in the Middle East, 1095–1382. Revised, expanded and updated to take account of the most recent scholarship, this second edition enables readers to achieve a broader and more complete perspective on the crusading period by presenting the crusades from the viewpoints of those against whom they were waged, the Muslim peoples of the Levant. The book introduces the reader to the most significant issues that affected Muslim responses to the European crusaders and their descendants who would go on to live in the Latin Christian states that were created in the region. It considers not only the military encounters between Muslims and crusaders, but also the personal, political, diplomatic, and trade interactions that took place between the Muslims and Franks away from the battlefield. Engaging with a wide range of translated primary source documents, including chronicles, dynastic histories, religious and legal texts, and poetry, Muslims and Crusaders is ideal for students and historians of the crusades.
Book Synopsis Crusading as an Act of Vengeance, 1095–1216 by : Asst Prof Susanna A Throop
Download or read book Crusading as an Act of Vengeance, 1095–1216 written by Asst Prof Susanna A Throop and published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. This book was released on 2013-07-28 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Only recently have historians of the crusades begun to seriously investigate the presence of the idea of crusading as an act of vengeance, despite its frequent appearance in crusading sources. Understandably, many historians have primarily concentrated on non-ecclesiastical phenomena such as feuding, purportedly a component of "secular" culture and the interpersonal obligations inherent in medieval society. This has led scholars to several assumptions regarding the nature of medieval vengeance and the role that various cultures of vengeance played in the crusading movement. This monograph revises those assumptions and posits a new understanding of how crusading was conceived as an act of vengeance in the context of the twelfth and early thirteenth centuries. Through textual analysis of specific medieval vocabulary it has been possible to clarify the changing course of the concept of vengeance in general as well as the more specific idea of crusading as an act of vengeance. The concept of vengeance was intimately connected with the ideas of justice and punishment. It was perceived as an expression of power, embedded in a series of commonly understood emotional responses, and also as an expression of orthodox Christian values. There was furthermore a strong link between religious zeal, righteous anger, and the vocabulary of vengeance. By looking at these concepts in detail, and in the context of current crusading methodologies, fresh vistas are revealed that allow for a better understanding of the crusading movement and those who "took the cross," with broader implications for the study of crusading ideology and twelfth-century spirituality in general.
Book Synopsis The Oxford Illustrated History of the Crusades by : Jonathan Riley-Smith
Download or read book The Oxford Illustrated History of the Crusades written by Jonathan Riley-Smith and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2001 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by a team of leading scholars, this richly illustrated book, with over 200 colour and black and white pictures, presents an authoritative and comprehensive history of the Crusades from the preaching of the First Crusade in 1095 to the legacy of crusading ideas and imagery today.
Book Synopsis The Crusades from the Perspective of Byzantium and the Muslim World by : Angeliki E. Laiou
Download or read book The Crusades from the Perspective of Byzantium and the Muslim World written by Angeliki E. Laiou and published by Dumbarton Oaks. This book was released on 2001 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The essays in this volume demonstrate that on the eastern shores of the Mediterranean there were rich, variegated, and important phenomena associated with the Crusades, and that a full understanding of the significance of the movement and its impact on both the East and West must take these phenomena into account.
Book Synopsis The Subject of Crusade by : Marisa Galvez
Download or read book The Subject of Crusade written by Marisa Galvez and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2020-04-09 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the Middle Ages, religious crusaders took up arms, prayed, bade farewell to their families, and marched off to fight in holy wars. These Christian soldiers also created accounts of their lives in lyric poetry, putting words to the experience of personal sacrifice and the pious struggle associated with holy war. The crusaders affirmed their commitment to fighting to claim a distant land while revealing their feelings as they left behind their loved ones, homes, and earthly duties. Their poems and related visual works offer us insight into the crusaders’ lives and values at the boundaries of earthly and spiritual duties, body and soul, holy devotion and courtly love. In The Subject of Crusade, Marisa Galvez offers a nuanced view of holy war and crusade poetry, reading these lyric works within a wider conversation with religion and culture. Arguing for an interdisciplinary treatment of crusade lyric, she shows how such poems are crucial for understanding the crusades as a complex cultural and historical phenomenon. Placing them in conversation with chronicles, knightly handbooks, artworks, and confessional and pastoral texts, she identifies a particular “crusade idiom” that emerged out of the conflict between pious and earthly duties. Galvez fashions an expanded understanding of the creative works made by crusaders to reveal their experiences, desires, ideologies, and reasons for taking up the cross.
