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Critical Aspects Of Epas Iris Assessment Of Inorganic Arsenic
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Book Synopsis Critical Aspects of EPA's IRIS Assessment of Inorganic Arsenic by : National Research Council
Download or read book Critical Aspects of EPA's IRIS Assessment of Inorganic Arsenic written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-11-20 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) program develops toxicologic assessments of environmental contaminants. IRIS assessments provide hazard identification and dose-response assessment information. The information is then used in conjunction with exposure information to characterize risks to public health and may be used in risk-based decisionmaking, in regulatory actions, and for other risk-management purposes. Since the middle 1990s, EPA has been in the process of updating the IRIS assessment of inorganic arsenic. In response to a congressional mandate for an independent review of the IRIS assessment of inorganic arsenic, EPA requested that the National Research Council convene a committee to conduct a two-phase study. Critical Aspects of EPA's IRIS Assessment of Inorganic Arsenic is the report of the first phase of that study. This report evaluates critical scientific issues in assessing cancer and noncancer effects of oral exposure to inorganic arsenic and offers recommendations on how the issues could be addressed in EPA's IRIS assessment.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309497027 Total Pages :28 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Review of EPA's Updated Problem Formulation and Protocol for the Inorganic Arsenic IRIS Assessment by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Review of EPA's Updated Problem Formulation and Protocol for the Inorganic Arsenic IRIS Assessment written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-10-31 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) is a program within the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) that is responsible for developing toxicologic assessments of environmental contaminants. An IRIS assessment contains hazard identifications and dose-response assessments of various chemicals related to cancer and noncancer outcomes. Although the program was created to increase consistency among toxicologic assessments within the agency, federal, state, and international agencies and other organizations have come to rely on IRIS assessments for setting regulatory standards, establishing exposure guidelines, and estimating risks to exposed populations. The EPA has been working on its IRIS assessment of inorganic arsenic (iAs) for many years, and recently released its plans for completing it in the Updated Problem Formulation and Protocol for the Inorganic Arsenic IRIS Assessment. Much of the update was made in response to recommendations in a 2013 report made by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. The National Academies recently convened another evaluation of whether the various elements of the IRIS iAs assessment plan are appropriate to synthesize the scientific evidence and quantitate estimates of iAs toxicity. Review of EPA's IRIS Assessment Plan for Inorganic Arsenic explores the EPA's approach to prioritizing health outcomes, EPA's systematic review methods, EPA's consideration of potential health effects from early life exposures, mode-of-action information to inform dose-response analyses, and various approaches to investigate dose-response relationships.
Book Synopsis Critical Aspects of EPA's IRIS Assessment of Inorganic Arsenic by : National Research Council
Download or read book Critical Aspects of EPA's IRIS Assessment of Inorganic Arsenic written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-12-20 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) program develops toxicologic assessments of environmental contaminants. IRIS assessments provide hazard identification and dose-response assessment information. The information is then used in conjunction with exposure information to characterize risks to public health and may be used in risk-based decisionmaking, in regulatory actions, and for other risk-management purposes. Since the middle 1990s, EPA has been in the process of updating the IRIS assessment of inorganic arsenic. In response to a congressional mandate for an independent review of the IRIS assessment of inorganic arsenic, EPA requested that the National Research Council convene a committee to conduct a two-phase study. Critical Aspects of EPA's IRIS Assessment of Inorganic Arsenic is the report of the first phase of that study. This report evaluates critical scientific issues in assessing cancer and noncancer effects of oral exposure to inorganic arsenic and offers recommendations on how the issues could be addressed in EPA's IRIS assessment.
Book Synopsis Chemical Assessments: EPA¿s New Assessment Process Will Further Limit the Productivity and Credibility of Its Integrated Risk Info. System by : John B. Stephenson
Download or read book Chemical Assessments: EPA¿s New Assessment Process Will Further Limit the Productivity and Credibility of Its Integrated Risk Info. System written by John B. Stephenson and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2008-10 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The EPA¿s Integrated Risk Info. System (IRIS) contains EPA¿s position on the potential human health effects of exposure to more than 540 chemicals. Toxicity assessments in the IRIS database constitute the first 2 critical steps of the risk assessment process, which in turn provides the foundation for risk mgmt. decisions. Thus, IRIS is a critical component of EPA¿s capacity to support scientifically sound environmental decisions, policies, and regulations. This testimony discusses: (1) highlights of a 3/08 report, ¿Chemical Assessments: Low Productivity and New Interagency Review Process Limit the Usefulness and Credibility of EPA¿s Integrated Risk Info. System;¿ and (2) key aspects of EPA¿s revised IRIS assessment process, released on 4/10/08.
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :260 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations for 2015 by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies
Download or read book Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations for 2015 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Financial Services and General Government Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :260 pages Book Rating :4.F/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Financial Services and General Government Appropriations for 2015 by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Financial Services and General Government
Download or read book Financial Services and General Government Appropriations for 2015 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Financial Services and General Government and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens by : Richard P. Pohanish
Download or read book Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens written by Richard P. Pohanish and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2008-01-10 with total page 2888 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For more than a quarter century, Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens has proven to be among the most reliable, easy-to-use and essential reference works on hazardous materials. Sittig's 5th Edition remains the lone comprehensive work providing a vast array of critical information on the 2,100 most heavily used, transported, and regulated chemical substances of both occupational and environmental concern.Information is the most vital resource anyone can have when dealing with potential hazardous substance accidents or acts of terror. Sittig's provides extensive data for each of the 2,100 chemicals in a uniform format, enabling fast and accurate decisions in any situation. The chemicals are presented alphabetically and classified as a carcinogen, hazardous substance, hazardous waste, or toxic pollutant. This new edition contains extensively expanded information in all 28 fields for each chemical (see table of contents) and has been updated to keep pace with world events. Chemicals classified as WMD have been included in the new edition as has more information frequently queried by first responders and frontline industrial safety personnel. *Includes and references European chemical identifiers and regulations.*The only single source reference that provides such in-depth information for each chemical.*The two volume set is designed for fast and accurate decision making in any situation.
Book Synopsis Arsenic Research and Global Sustainability by : Prosun Bhattacharya
Download or read book Arsenic Research and Global Sustainability written by Prosun Bhattacharya and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-06-08 with total page 730 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Congress "Arsenic in the Environment" offers an international, multi- and interdisciplinary discussion platform for research and innovation aimed towards a holistic solution to the problem posed by the environmental toxin arsenic, with considerable societal impact. The congress has focused on cutting edge and breakthrough research in physical, chemical, toxicological, medical, agricultural and other specific issues on arsenic across a broader environmental realm. The Congress "Arsenic in the Environment" was first organized in Mexico City (As2006) followed by As2008 in Valencia, Spain, As2010 in Tainan, Taiwan, As2012 in Cairns, Australia and As2014 in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The 6th International Congress As2016 was held June 19-23, 2016 in Stockholm, Sweden and was entitled Arsenic Research and Global Sustainability. The Congress addressed the broader context of arsenic research along the following themes: Theme 1: Arsenic in Environmental Matrices and Interactions (Air, Water, Soil and Biological Matrices) Theme 2: Arsenic in Food Chain Theme 3: Arsenic and Health Theme 4: Clean Water Technology for Control of Arsenic Theme 5: Societal issues, Policy Studies, Mitigation and Management Long term exposure to low-to-medium levels of arsenic via contaminated food and drinking water can have a serious impact on human health and globally, more than 100 million people are at risk. Since the end of the 20th century, arsenic in drinking water (mainly groundwater) has emerged as a global health concern. In the past decade, the presence of arsenic in plant foods – especially rice – has gained increasing attention. In the Nordic countries in particular, the use of water-soluble inorganic arsenic chemicals (e.g. chromated copper arsenate, CCA) as wood preservatives and the mining of sulfidic ores have been flagged as health concern. The issue has been accentuated by discoveries of naturally occurring arsenic in groundwater, primarily in the private wells, in parts of the Fennoscandian Shield and in sedimentary formations, with potentially detrimental effects on public health. Sweden has been at the forefront of research on the health effects of arsenic, technological solutions for arsenic removal, and sustainable mitigation measures for developing countries. Hosting this Congress in Sweden was also relevant because historically Sweden has been one of the leading producer of As2O3 and its emission from the smelting industries in northern Sweden and has successfully implemented actions to reduce the industrial emissions of arsenic as well as minimizing the use of materials and products containing arsenic in since 1977. The Congress has gathered professionals involved in different segments of interdisciplinary research in an open forum, and strengthened relations between academia, industry, research laboratories, government agencies and the private sector to share an optimal atmosphere for exchange of knowledge, discoveries and discussions about the problem of arsenic in the environment and catalyze the knowledge generation and innovations at a policy context to achieve the goals for post 2015 Sustainable Development.
Download or read book Chemical Assessments written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Textbook of Children's Environmental Health by : Ruth A. Etzel
Download or read book Textbook of Children's Environmental Health written by Ruth A. Etzel and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2024 with total page 937 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With new and updated content on biodiversity and chemicals in food, Textbook of Children's Environmental Health, Second Edition remains the quintessential textbook for the study of the environmental hazards that cause disease in childre
Book Synopsis Arsenic in Drinking Water by : National Research Council
Download or read book Arsenic in Drinking Water written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-11-26 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Having safe drinking water is important to all Americans. The Environmental Protection Agency's decision in the summer of 2001 to delay implementing a new, more stringent standard for the maximum allowable level for arsenic in drinking water generated a great deal of criticism and controversy. Ultimately at issue were newer data on arsenic beyond those that had been examined in a 1999 National Research Council report. EPA asked the National Research Council for an evaluation of the new data available. The committee's analyses and conclusions are presented in Arsenic in Drinking Water: 2001 Update. New epidemiological studies are critically evaluated, as are new experimental data that provide information on how and at what level arsenic in drinking water can lead to cancer. The report's findings are consistent with those of the 1999 report that found high risks of cancer at the previous federal standard of 50 parts per billion. In fact, the new report concludes that men and women who consume water containing 3 parts per billion of arsenic daily have about a 1 in 1,000 increased risk of developing bladder or lung cancer during their lifetime.
Book Synopsis Arsenic in Drinking Water by : National Research Council
Download or read book Arsenic in Drinking Water written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-12-26 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Having safe drinking water is important to all Americans. The Environmental Protection Agency's decision in the summer of 2001 to delay implementing a new, more stringent standard for the maximum allowable level for arsenic in drinking water generated a great deal of criticism and controversy. Ultimately at issue were newer data on arsenic beyond those that had been examined in a 1999 National Research Council report. EPA asked the National Research Council for an evaluation of the new data available. The committee's analyses and conclusions are presented in Arsenic in Drinking Water: 2001 Update. New epidemiological studies are critically evaluated, as are new experimental data that provide information on how and at what level arsenic in drinking water can lead to cancer. The report's findings are consistent with those of the 1999 report that found high risks of cancer at the previous federal standard of 50 parts per billion. In fact, the new report concludes that men and women who consume water containing 3 parts per billion of arsenic daily have about a 1 in 1,000 increased risk of developing bladder or lung cancer during their lifetime.
Book Synopsis Toxicological Profile for DDT/DDD/DDE (Update) by : Obaid Faroon
Download or read book Toxicological Profile for DDT/DDD/DDE (Update) written by Obaid Faroon and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-08 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DDT is a pesticide that was once widely used to control insects. Both DDD and DDE are breakdown products of DDT. This profile includes: (1) The examination, summary, and interpretation of available toxicologic info. and epidemiologic evaluations on DDT/DDD/DDE to ascertain the levels of significant human exposure for the substance and the associated chronic health effects; (2) A determination of whether adequate info. on the health effects of DDT/DDD/DDE is available to determine levels of exposure that present a significant risk to human health of chronic health effects; and (3) Identification of toxicologic testing needed to identify the types or levels of exposure that may present significant risk of adverse health effects in humans. Illus.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309468728 Total Pages :123 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Environmental Chemicals, the Human Microbiome, and Health Risk by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Environmental Chemicals, the Human Microbiome, and Health Risk written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-01-29 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A great number of diverse microorganisms inhabit the human body and are collectively referred to as the human microbiome. Until recently, the role of the human microbiome in maintaining human health was not fully appreciated. Today, however, research is beginning to elucidate associations between perturbations in the human microbiome and human disease and the factors that might be responsible for the perturbations. Studies have indicated that the human microbiome could be affected by environmental chemicals or could modulate exposure to environmental chemicals. Environmental Chemicals, the Human Microbiome, and Health Risk presents a research strategy to improve our understanding of the interactions between environmental chemicals and the human microbiome and the implications of those interactions for human health risk. This report identifies barriers to such research and opportunities for collaboration, highlights key aspects of the human microbiome and its relation to health, describes potential interactions between environmental chemicals and the human microbiome, reviews the risk-assessment framework and reasons for incorporating chemicalâ€"microbiome interactions.
Download or read book Toxicological Profile for Lead written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Waste Incineration and Public Health by : National Research Council
Download or read book Waste Incineration and Public Health written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-10-21 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Incineration has been used widely for waste disposal, including household, hazardous, and medical wasteâ€"but there is increasing public concern over the benefits of combusting the waste versus the health risk from pollutants emitted during combustion. Waste Incineration and Public Health informs the emerging debate with the most up-to-date information available on incineration, pollution, and human healthâ€"along with expert conclusions and recommendations for further research and improvement of such areas as risk communication. The committee provides details on: Processes involved in incineration and how contaminants are released. Environmental dynamics of contaminants and routes of human exposure. Tools and approaches for assessing possible human health effects. Scientific concerns pertinent to future regulatory actions. The book also examines some of the social, psychological, and economic factors that affect the communities where incineration takes place and addresses the problem of uncertainty and variation in predicting the health effects of incineration processes.
Book Synopsis Review of the Environmental Protection Agency's Draft IRIS Assessment of Formaldehyde by : National Research Council
Download or read book Review of the Environmental Protection Agency's Draft IRIS Assessment of Formaldehyde written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-05-31 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Formaldehyde is ubiquitous in indoor and outdoor air, and everyone is exposed to formaldehyde at some concentration daily. Formaldehyde is used to produce a wide array of products, particularly building materials; it is emitted from many sources, including power plants, cars, gas and wood stoves, and cigarettes; it is a natural product in come foods; and it is naturally present in the human body as a metabolic intermediate. Much research has been conducted on the health effects of exposure to formaldehyde, including effects on the upper airway, where formaldehyde is deposited when inhaled, and effects on tissues distant from the site of initial contact. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) released noncancer and cancer assessments of formaldehyde for its Intergated Risk Information System (IRIS) in 1990 and 1991, respectively. The agency began reassessing formaldehyde in 1998 and released a draft IRIS assessment in June 2010. Given the complexity of the issues and the knowledge that the assessment will be used as the basis of regulatory decisions, EPA asked the National Research Council (NRC) to conduct an independent scientific review of the draft IRIS assessment. In this report, the Committee to Review EPA's Draft IRIS Assessment of Formaldehyde first addresses some general issues associated with the draft IRIS assessment. The committee next focuses on questions concerning specific aspects of the draft assessment, including derivation of the reference concentrations and the cancer unit risk estimates for formaldehyde. The committee closes with recommendations for improving the IRIS assessment of formaldehyde and provides some general comments on the IRIS development process.