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Creating Nationality In Central Europe 1880 1950
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Book Synopsis Creating Nationality in Central Europe, 1880-1950 by : Tomasz Kamusella
Download or read book Creating Nationality in Central Europe, 1880-1950 written by Tomasz Kamusella and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-14 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the immediate aftermath of the First World War, Upper Silesia was the site of the largest formal exercise in self-determination in European history, the 1921 Plebiscite. This asked the inhabitants of Europe’s second largest industrial region the deceptively straightforward question of whether they preferred to be Germans or Poles, but spectacularly failed to clarify their national identity, demonstrating instead the strength of transnational, regionalist and sub-national allegiances, and of allegiances other than nationality, such as religion. As such Upper Silesia, which was partitioned and re-partitioned between 1922 and 1945, and subjected to Czechization, Germanization, Polonization, forced emigration, expulsion and extermination, illustrates the limits of nation-building projects and nation-building narratives imposed from outside. This book explores a range of topics related to nationality issues in Upper Silesia, putting forward the results of extensive new research. It highlights the flaws at the heart of attempts to shape Europe as homogenously national polities and compares the fate of Upper Silesia with the many other European regions where similar problems occurred.
Book Synopsis Peripheries at the Centre by : Machteld Venken
Download or read book Peripheries at the Centre written by Machteld Venken and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2021-03-03 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following the Treaty of Versailles, European nation-states were faced with the challenge of instilling national loyalty in their new borderlands, in which fellow citizens often differed dramatically from one another along religious, linguistic, cultural, or ethnic lines. Peripheries at the Centre compares the experiences of schooling in Upper Silesia in Poland and Eupen, Sankt Vith, and Malmedy in Belgium — border regions detached from the German Empire after the First World War. It demonstrates how newly configured countries envisioned borderland schools and language learning as tools for realizing the imagined peaceful Europe that underscored the political geography of the interwar period.
Book Synopsis Identities In-Between in East-Central Europe by : Jan Fellerer
Download or read book Identities In-Between in East-Central Europe written by Jan Fellerer and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-08-16 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume addresses the question of ‘identity’ in East-Central Europe. It engages with a specific definition of ‘sub-cultures’ over the period from c. 1900 to the present and proposes novel ways in which the term can be used with the purpose of understanding identities that do not conform to the fixed, standard categories imposed from the top down, such as ‘ethnic group’, ‘majority’ or ‘minority’. Instead, a ‘sub-culture’ is an identity that sits between these categories. It may blend languages, e.g. dialect forms, cultural practices, ethnic and social identifications, or religious affiliations as well as concepts of race and biology that, similarly, sit outside national projects.
Book Synopsis Reimagined Communities by : Ryszard Bartnik
Download or read book Reimagined Communities written by Ryszard Bartnik and published by V&R Unipress. This book was released on 2023-12-04 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These contributions offer fundamental insights into how literary works address and reconceptualize issues of nationalism, groupism, belonging and denationalization in selected European contexts. Various critical perspectives are employed here to highlight modern social and political processes as registered and, to a certain extent, also fashioned by contemporary literary discourses. 'Reimagined communities' emerge from literary redescriptions of existing or imaginary sociopolitical configurations in several European states or regions. All the contributions share a heightened sensitivity to the individual as enmeshed in oppressive geopolitical circumstances. Thereby, literary expressions of how individuality is constrained by social pressures may offer inspiring blueprints for emancipation.
Book Synopsis Civil War in Central Europe, 1918-1921 by : Jochen Böhler
Download or read book Civil War in Central Europe, 1918-1921 written by Jochen Böhler and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-11-01 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The First World War did not end in Central Europe in November 1918. The armistices marked the creation of the Second Polish Republic and the first shot of the Central European Civil War which raged from 1918 to 1921. The fallen German, Russian, and Austrian Empires left in their wake lands with peoples of mixed nationalities and ethnicities. These lands soon became battle grounds and the ethno-political violence that ensued forced those living within them to decide on their national identity. Civil War in Central Europe seeks to challenge previous notions that such conflicts which occurred between the First and Second World Wars were isolated incidents and argues that they should be considered as part of a European war; a war which transformed Poland into a nation.
Book Synopsis Ethnic Cleansing During the Cold War by : Tomasz Kamusella
Download or read book Ethnic Cleansing During the Cold War written by Tomasz Kamusella and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-07-17 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In mid-1989, the Bulgarian communist regime seeking to prop up its legitimacy played the ethnonational card by expelling 360,000 Turks and Muslims across the Iron Curtain to neighboring Turkey. It was the single largest ethnic cleansing during the Cold War in Europe after the wrapping up of the postwar expulsions (‘population transfers’) of ethnic Germans from Central Europe in the latter half of the 1940s. Furthermore, this expulsion of Turks and Muslims from Bulgaria was the sole unilateral act of ethnic cleansing that breached the Iron Curtain. The 1989 ethnic cleansing was followed by an unprecedented return of almost half of the expellees, after the collapse of the Bulgarian communist regime. The return, which partially reversed the effects of this ethnic cleansing, was the first-ever of its kind in history. Despite the unprecedented character of this 1989 expulsion and the subsequent return, not a single research article, let alone a monograph, has been devoted to these momentous developments yet. However, the tragic events shape today’s Bulgaria, while the persisting attempts to suppress the remembrance of the 1989 expulsion continue sharply dividing the country’s inhabitants. Without remembering about this ethnic cleansing it is impossible to explain the fall of the communist system in Bulgaria and the origins of ethnic cleansing during the Yugoslav wars. Faltering Yugoslavia’s future ethnic cleansers took a good note that neither Moscow nor Washington intervened in neighboring Bulgaria to stop the 1989 expulsion, which in light of international law was then still the legal instrument of ‘population transfer.’ The as yet unhealed wound of the 1989 ethnic cleansing negatively affects the Bulgaria’s relations with Turkey and the European Union. It seems that the only way out of this debilitating conundrum is establishing a truth and reconciliation commission that at long last would ensure transitional justice for all Bulgarians irrespective of language, religion or ethnicity.
Book Synopsis Migrating Memories by : James Koranyi
Download or read book Migrating Memories written by James Koranyi and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-12-16 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Charts the transnational story of Romanian Germans in modern Europe - their migration, their position as a minority, and their memories.
Book Synopsis Eurasian Empires as Blueprints for Ethiopia by : Asnake Kefale
Download or read book Eurasian Empires as Blueprints for Ethiopia written by Asnake Kefale and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-02-17 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a contribution to the global history of the transfer of political ideas, as exemplified by the case of modern Ethiopia. Like many non-European nation-states, Ethiopia adopted a western model of statehood, that is, the nation-state. Unlike the postcolonial polities that have retained the mode of statehood imposed on them by their colonial powers, Ethiopia was never successfully colonized leaving its ruling elite free to select a model of ‘modern’ (western) statehood. In 1931, via Japan, they adopted the model of unitary, ethnolinguistically homogenous nation-state, in turn copied by Tokyo in 1889 from the German Empire (founded in 1871). Following the Ethiopian Revolution (1974) that overthrew the imperial system, the new revolutionary elite promised to address the ‘nationality question’ through the marxist-leninist model. The Soviet model of ethnolinguistic federalism (originally derived from Austria-Hungary) was introduced in Ethiopia, first in 1992 and officially with the 1995 Constitution. To this day the politics of modern Ethiopia is marked by the tension between these two opposed models of the essentially central European type of statehood. The late 19th-century ‘German-German’ quarrel on the ‘proper’ model of national statehood for Germany – or more broadly, modern central Europe – remains the quarrel of Ethiopian politics nowadays. The book will be useful for scholars of Ethiopian and African history and politics, and also offers a case in comparative studies on the subject of different models of national statehood elsewhere.
Book Synopsis National indifference and the History of Nationalism in Modern Europe by : Maarten van Ginderachter
Download or read book National indifference and the History of Nationalism in Modern Europe written by Maarten van Ginderachter and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-02-14 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: National indifference is one of the most innovative notions historians have brought to the study of nationalism in recent years. The concept questions the mass character of nationalism in East Central Europe at the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth century. Ordinary people were not in thrall to the nation; they were often indifferent, ambivalent or opportunistic when dealing with issues of nationhood. As with all ground-breaking research, the literature on national indifference has not only revolutionized how we understand nationalism, over time, it has also revealed a new set of challenges. This volume brings together experienced scholars with the next generation, in a collaborative effort to push the geographic, historical, and conceptual boundaries of national indifference 2.0.
Book Synopsis Borderlands in European Gender Studies by : Teresa Kulawik
Download or read book Borderlands in European Gender Studies written by Teresa Kulawik and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-10-23 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Challenging persistent geopolitical asymmetries in feminist knowledge production, this collection depicts collisions between concepts and lived experiences, between academic feminism and political activism, between the West as generalizable and the East as the concrete Other. Borderlands in European Gender Studies narrows the gap between cultural analysis and social theory, addressing feminist theory’s epistemological foundations and its capacity to confront the legacies of colonialism and socialism. The contributions demonstrate the enduring worth of feminist concepts for critical analysis, conceptualize resistance to multiple forms of oppression, and identify the implications of the decoupling of cultural and social feminist critique for the analysis of gender relations in a postsocialist space. This book will be of import to activists and researchers in women’s and gender studies, comparative gender politics and policy, political science, sociology, contemporary history, and European studies. It is suitable for use as a supplemental text for advanced undergraduate and graduate courses in a range of fields.
Book Synopsis Reconciling with the Past by : Annika Frieberg
Download or read book Reconciling with the Past written by Annika Frieberg and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-02-17 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are countries truly reconciled after successful conflict resolution? Are only resource-rich regions capable of reconciliation, while supposedly resource-poor ones are condemned to recurring conflicts? This book examines the availability of various resources for political reconciliation, and explores how they are utilized in overcoming particular obstacles during the process. While the existing literature focus on themes such as justice, apology and resentment, the analysis here is centered on intellectual resources in terms of ideas, memory cultures, master narratives, economic incentives, civil society initiatives and object lessons. The research and comparative research in this volume are conducted by renowned regional experts from South Africa to the Asia-Pacific, thus providing multidisciplinary perspectives and new insight on the subject.
Book Synopsis Politics and the Slavic Languages by : Tomasz Kamusella
Download or read book Politics and the Slavic Languages written by Tomasz Kamusella and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-06-17 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last two centuries, ethnolinguistic nationalism has been the norm of nation building and state building in Central Europe. The number of recognized Slavic languages (in line with the normative political formula of language = nation = state) gradually tallied with the number of the Slavic nation-states, especially after the breakups of Czechoslovakia, the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia. But in the current age of borderless cyberspace, regional and minority Slavic languages are freely standardized and used, even when state authorities disapprove. As a result, since the turn of the 19th century, the number of Slavic languages has varied widely, from a single Slavic language to as many as 40. Through the story of Slavic languages, this timely book illustrates that decisions on what counts as a language are neither permanent nor stable, arguing that the politics of language is the politics in Central Europe. The monograph will prove to be an essential resource for scholars of linguistics and politics in Central Europe.
Book Synopsis Colonial Fantasies, Imperial Realities by : Lenny A. Ureña Valerio
Download or read book Colonial Fantasies, Imperial Realities written by Lenny A. Ureña Valerio and published by Ohio University Press. This book was released on 2019-08-28 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Colonial Fantasies, Imperial Realities, Lenny Ureña Valerio offers a transnational approach to Polish-German relations and nineteenth-century colonial subjectivities. She investigates key cultural dynamics in the history of medicine, colonialism, and migration that bring Germany and Prussian Poland closer to the colonial and postcolonial worlds in Africa and Latin America. She also analyzes how Poles in the German Empire positioned themselves in relation to Germans and native populations in overseas colonies. She thus recasts Polish perspectives and experiences, allowing new insights into identity formation and nationalist movements within the German Empire. Crucially, Ureña Valerio also studies the medical projects and scientific ideas that traveled from colonies to the German metropole, and vice versa, which were influential not only in the racialization of Slavic populations, but also in bringing scientific conceptions of race to the everydayness of the German Empire. As a whole, Colonial Fantasies, Imperial Realities illuminates nested imperial and colonial relations using sources that range from medical texts and state documents to travel literature and fiction. By studying these scientific and political debates, Ureña Valerio uncovers novel ways to connect medicine, migration, and colonialism and provides an invigorating model for the analysis of Polish history from a global perspective.
Book Synopsis Aspects of British Policy and the Treaty of Versailles by : B. J. C. McKercher
Download or read book Aspects of British Policy and the Treaty of Versailles written by B. J. C. McKercher and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-05-21 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aspects of British Policy and the Treaty of Versailles looks at some key issues involving British policy and the Treaty of Versailles, one of the twentieth century’s most controversial international agreements. The book discusses the role of experts and the Danzig Question at the Paris Peace Conference; the establishment of diplomatic history as a field of academic research; and the role of David Lloyd George and his Vision of Post-War Europe. Contributors also look at the restitution of cultural objects in German possession, and after the war, the Treaty’s impact on both Britain’s enemy, Germany, and its ally, France, revealing how it profoundly affected the European balance of power. Aspects of British Policy and the Treaty of Versailles will be of great interest to scholars of diplomatic history as well as modern history and international relations more generally. The chapters were originally published as a special issue of Diplomacy & Statecraft.
Book Synopsis Debordering and Rebordering by : Machteld Venken
Download or read book Debordering and Rebordering written by Machteld Venken and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-04-27 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses practices of bordering, debordering and rebordering on the territory of the former Austro-Hungarian Monarchy after state borders had been remapped on the negotiation tables of the Paris Peace Treaties following the First World War. As life in borderlands did not correspond to the peaceful Europe articulated in the Paris Treaties, a multitude of (un)foreseen complications followed the drawing of borders and states. The chapters in this book include new case studies on the creation, centralization or peripheralization of border regions, such as Subcarpathian Rus, Vojvodina, Banat and the Carpathian Mountains; on border zones such as the Czechoslovakian harbour in Germany; and on cross-border activities. The book shows how disputes over national identities and ethnic minorities, as well as other factors such as the economic consequences of the new state borders, appeared on the interwar political agenda and coloured the lives of borderland inhabitants. The contributions demonstrate the practices of borderland inhabitants in the establishment, functioning, disorganization or ultimate breakdown of some of the newly created interwar nation-states. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of the journal, European Review of History.
Book Synopsis Silences and Divided Memories by : Katja Hrobert Virloget
Download or read book Silences and Divided Memories written by Katja Hrobert Virloget and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2023-08-11 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Istrian Peninsula, which is made up of modern-day Croatia, Slovenia, and Italy suffered from the so-called "Istrian exodus" after the Second World War. This book looks at this difficult, silenced past and shifts the usual focus from migrants to those who stayed behind and to the new immigrants who came to the “emptied” towns.The research, based on individual memories, deals with silences and competing national discourses, reasons to stay and leave, hybrid border ethnic identities, and the renewal of Istrian society and its new social relations. It is a self-critical reflection on an ignored chapter of national history, which, with an empathetic approach, allows the silence to speak.
Book Synopsis The Unchosen Ones by : Jannis Panagiotidis
Download or read book The Unchosen Ones written by Jannis Panagiotidis and published by Indiana University Press. This book was released on 2019-08-28 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This “fascinating, original, well-researched, and persuasively argued work” examines the phenomenon of co-ethnic migration in Israel and Germany (Sebastian Conrad, author of What Is Global History?). Co-ethnic migration happens when migrants seek admission to a country based on their purported ethnicity or nationality being the same as the country of destination. In The Unchosen Ones, social historian Jannis Panagiotidis looks at legislation and implementation regarding co-ethnic migration in Germany and Israel. This study focuses on individual cases ranging from after the Second World War to after the fall of the Berlin Wall where migrants were not allowed to enter the country they sought to make their home. These rejections confound notions of an “open door” or a “return to the homeland” and present contrasting ideas of descent, culture, blood, and race. Questions of historical origins, immigrant selection and screening, and national belonging are deeply ambiguous, complicating migration even in nations that are purported to be ethnically homogenous. Through highly original and illuminating analysis, Panagiotidis shows that migration is never a simple matter of moving from place to place.
