Estimating VAT Pass Through

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Author :
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513586351
Total Pages : 41 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Estimating VAT Pass Through by : Ms.Dora Benedek

Download or read book Estimating VAT Pass Through written by Ms.Dora Benedek and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-09-30 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper estimates the pass through of VAT changes to consumer prices, using a unique dataset providing disaggregated, monthly data on prices and VAT rates for 17 Eurozone countries over 1999-2013. Pass through is much less than full on average, and differs markedly across types of VAT change. For changes in the standard rate, for instance, final pass through is about 100 percent; for reduced rates it is significantly less, at around 30 percent; and for reclassifications it is essentially zero. We also find: differing dynamics of pass through for durables and non-durables; no significant difference in pass through between rate increases and decreases; signs of non-monotonicity in the relationship between pass through and the breadth of the consumption base affected; and indications of significant anticipation effects together with some evidence of lagged effects in the two years around reform. The results are robust against endogeneity and attenuation bias.

Identifying the Firm-specific Cost Pass-through Rate

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (821 download)

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Book Synopsis Identifying the Firm-specific Cost Pass-through Rate by :

Download or read book Identifying the Firm-specific Cost Pass-through Rate written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Cost Pass-through in the U.S. Coffee Industry

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 58 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Cost Pass-through in the U.S. Coffee Industry by : Ephraim Leibtag

Download or read book Cost Pass-through in the U.S. Coffee Industry written by Ephraim Leibtag and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Tariff Passthrough at the Border and at the Store: Evidence from US Trade Policy

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Author :
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513518380
Total Pages : 37 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Tariff Passthrough at the Border and at the Store: Evidence from US Trade Policy by : Alberto Cavallo

Download or read book Tariff Passthrough at the Border and at the Store: Evidence from US Trade Policy written by Alberto Cavallo and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-11-01 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We use micro data collected at the border and at retailers to characterize the effects brought by recent changes in US trade policy - particularly the tariffs placed on imports from China - on importers, consumers, and exporters. We start by documenting that the tariffs were almost fully passed through to total prices paid by importers, suggesting the tariffs' incidence has fallen largely on the United States. Since we estimate the response of prices to exchange rates to be far more muted, the recent depreciation of the Chinese renminbi is unlikely to alter this conclusion. Next, using product-level data from several large multi-national retailers, we demonstrate that the impact of the tariffs on retail prices is more mixed. Some affected product categories have seen sharp price increases, but the difference between affected and unaffected products is generally quite modest, suggesting that retail margins have fallen. These retailers' imports increased after the initial announcement of possible tariffs, but before their full implementation, so the intermediate passthrough of tariffs to their prices may not persist. Finally, in contrast to the case of foreign exporters facing US tariffs, we show that US exporters lowered their prices on goods subjected to foreign retaliatory tariffs compared to exports of non-targeted goods.

Time Series and Panel Data Econometrics

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Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0198759983
Total Pages : 1095 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis Time Series and Panel Data Econometrics by : M. Hashem Pesaran

Download or read book Time Series and Panel Data Econometrics written by M. Hashem Pesaran and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2015 with total page 1095 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book describes and illustrates many advances that have taken place in a number of areas in theoretical and applied econometrics over the past four decades.

An Empirical Assessment of the Exchange Rate Pass-through in Mozambique

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Author :
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513573691
Total Pages : 34 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis An Empirical Assessment of the Exchange Rate Pass-through in Mozambique by : International Monetary Fund

Download or read book An Empirical Assessment of the Exchange Rate Pass-through in Mozambique written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-05-06 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Determining the magnitude and speed of the exchange rate passthrough (ERPT) to inflation has been of paramount importance for policy-makers in developed and emerging economies. This paper estimates the exchange rate passthrough in Mozambique using econometric techniques on a sample spanning from 2001 to 2019. Results suggest that the ERPT is assymetric, sizable and fast, with 50 percent of the exchange rate variations passing through to prices in less than six months. Policy-makers should continue to pursue low and stable inflation and develop a strong track record of prudent macroeconomic policies for the ERPT to decline.

Identifying the Firm-specific Cost Pass-through Rate

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (821 download)

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Book Synopsis Identifying the Firm-specific Cost Pass-through Rate by :

Download or read book Identifying the Firm-specific Cost Pass-through Rate written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Incomplete Cost Pass-through Under Deep Habits

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (12 download)

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Book Synopsis Incomplete Cost Pass-through Under Deep Habits by : Morten O. Ravn

Download or read book Incomplete Cost Pass-through Under Deep Habits written by Morten O. Ravn and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A number of empirical studies document that marginal cost shocks are not fully passed through to prices at the firm level and that prices are substantially less volatile than costs. We show that in the relative-deep-habits model of Ravn, Schmitt-Grohe, and Uribe (2006), firm-specific marginal cost shocks are not fully passed through to product prices. That is, in response to a firm-specific increase in marginal costs, prices rise, but by less than marginal costs leading to a decline in the firm-specific markup of prices over marginal costs. Pass-through is predicted to be even lower when shocks to marginal costs are anticipated by firms. In our model, unanticipated firm-specific cost shocks lead to incomplete pass-through (or a decline in markups) of about 20 percent and anticipated cost shocks are associated with incomplete pass-through of about 50 percent. The model predicts that cost pass-through is increasing in the persistence of marginal cost shocks and U-shaped in the strength of habits. The relative-deep-habits model implies that conditional on marginal cost disturbances, prices are less volatile than marginal costs.

Model Rules of Professional Conduct

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Publisher : American Bar Association
ISBN 13 : 9781590318737
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (187 download)

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Book Synopsis Model Rules of Professional Conduct by : American Bar Association. House of Delegates

Download or read book Model Rules of Professional Conduct written by American Bar Association. House of Delegates and published by American Bar Association. This book was released on 2007 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Model Rules of Professional Conduct provides an up-to-date resource for information on legal ethics. Federal, state and local courts in all jurisdictions look to the Rules for guidance in solving lawyer malpractice cases, disciplinary actions, disqualification issues, sanctions questions and much more. In this volume, black-letter Rules of Professional Conduct are followed by numbered Comments that explain each Rule's purpose and provide suggestions for its practical application. The Rules will help you identify proper conduct in a variety of given situations, review those instances where discretionary action is possible, and define the nature of the relationship between you and your clients, colleagues and the courts.

Asking About Prices

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Author :
Publisher : Russell Sage Foundation
ISBN 13 : 1610440684
Total Pages : 412 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Asking About Prices by : Alan Blinder

Download or read book Asking About Prices written by Alan Blinder and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 1998-01-08 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why do consumer prices and wages adjust so slowly to changes in market conditions? The rigidity or stickiness of price setting in business is central to Keynesian economic theory and a key to understanding how monetary policy works, yet economists have made little headway in determining why it occurs. Asking About Prices offers a groundbreaking empirical approach to a puzzle for which theories abound but facts are scarce. Leading economist Alan Blinder, along with co-authors Elie Canetti, David Lebow, and Jeremy B. Rudd, interviewed a national, multi-industry sample of 200 CEOs, company heads, and other corporate price setters to test the validity of twelve prominent theories of price stickiness. Using everyday language and pertinent scenarios, the carefully designed survey asked decisionmakers how prominently these theoretical concerns entered into their own attitudes and thought processes. Do businesses tend to view the costs of changing prices as prohibitive? Do they worry that lower prices will be equated with poorer quality goods? Are firms more likely to try alternate strategies to changing prices, such as warehousing excess inventory or improving their quality of service? To what extent are prices held in place by contractual agreements, or by invisible handshakes? Asking About Prices offers a gold mine of previously unavailable information. It affirms the widespread presence of price stickiness in American industry, and offers the only available guide to such business details as what fraction of goods are sold by fixed price contract, how often transactions involve repeat customers, and how and when firms review their prices. Some results are surprising: contrary to popular wisdom, prices do not increase more easily than they decrease, and firms do not appear to practice anticipatory pricing, even when they can foresee cost increases. Asking About Prices also offers a chapter-by-chapter review of the survey findings for each of the twelve theories of price stickiness. The authors determine which theories are most popular with actual price setters, how practices vary within different business sectors, across firms of different sizes, and so on. They also direct economists' attention toward a rationale for price stickiness that does not stem from conventional theory, namely a strong reluctance by firms to antagonize or inconvenience their customers. By illuminating how company executives actually think about price setting, Asking About Prices provides an elegant model of a valuable new approach to conducting economic research.

Pass-through Exposure

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 48 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Pass-through Exposure by : Gordon M. Bodnar

Download or read book Pass-through Exposure written by Gordon M. Bodnar and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Effects of Bank Capital on Lending

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Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1437939864
Total Pages : 50 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (379 download)

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Book Synopsis Effects of Bank Capital on Lending by : Joseph M. Berrospide

Download or read book Effects of Bank Capital on Lending written by Joseph M. Berrospide and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2011-04 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effect of bank capital on lending is a critical determinant of the linkage between financial conditions and real activity, and has received especial attention in the recent financial crisis. The authors use panel-regression techniques to study the lending of large bank holding companies (BHCs) and find small effects of capital on lending. They then consider the effect of capital ratios on lending using a variant of Lown and Morgan's VAR model, and again find modest effects of bank capital ratio changes on lending. The authors¿ estimated models are then used to understand recent developments in bank lending and, in particular, to consider the role of TARP-related capital injections in affecting these developments. Illus. A print on demand pub.

Exchange Rates and Macroeconomic Dynamics

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 0230582699
Total Pages : 255 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Exchange Rates and Macroeconomic Dynamics by : P. Karadeloglou

Download or read book Exchange Rates and Macroeconomic Dynamics written by P. Karadeloglou and published by Springer. This book was released on 2008-02-13 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book looks at the PPP persistence puzzle, and econometric aspects of exchange rate dynamics and their implications. It also explores the importance of exchange rate dynamics in the pass-through effects (PTE) and the econometric aspects of the exchange rates dynamics linked to structural shocks on different economies.

Cost Pass Through in a Cometitive Model of Pricing-to-market

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (254 download)

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Book Synopsis Cost Pass Through in a Cometitive Model of Pricing-to-market by : Raphael A. Auer

Download or read book Cost Pass Through in a Cometitive Model of Pricing-to-market written by Raphael A. Auer and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Exchange Rate Pass-Through in Brazil

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Author :
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1451856202
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (518 download)

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Book Synopsis Exchange Rate Pass-Through in Brazil by : Ms.Agnes Belaisch

Download or read book Exchange Rate Pass-Through in Brazil written by Ms.Agnes Belaisch and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2003-07-01 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last two years the real has undergone a large depreciation and the central bank has missed its inflation target in 2002 for the second year in a row. Inflation, however, has increased much less than the rate of currency depreciation and the pickup in inflation in the last quarter of 2002 raises the question of whether the exchange rate passthrough has finally risen. This paper argues that the passthrough in Brazil has fallen compared with estimates in other studies on earlier time periods, and remains low when compared with the passthrough in other Latin American countries. Indeed the passthrough is more comparable with that of G-7 countries—although in Brazil the effect on prices appears to be faster.

The Cost-Benefit Revolution

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Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262538016
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cost-Benefit Revolution by : Cass R. Sunstein

Download or read book The Cost-Benefit Revolution written by Cass R. Sunstein and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2019-09-24 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why policies should be based on careful consideration of their costs and benefits rather than on intuition, popular opinion, interest groups, and anecdotes. Opinions on government policies vary widely. Some people feel passionately about the child obesity epidemic and support government regulation of sugary drinks. Others argue that people should be able to eat and drink whatever they like. Some people are alarmed about climate change and favor aggressive government intervention. Others don't feel the need for any sort of climate regulation. In The Cost-Benefit Revolution, Cass Sunstein argues our major disagreements really involve facts, not values. It follows that government policy should not be based on public opinion, intuitions, or pressure from interest groups, but on numbers—meaning careful consideration of costs and benefits. Will a policy save one life, or one thousand lives? Will it impose costs on consumers, and if so, will the costs be high or negligible? Will it hurt workers and small businesses, and, if so, precisely how much? As the Obama administration's “regulatory czar,” Sunstein knows his subject in both theory and practice. Drawing on behavioral economics and his well-known emphasis on “nudging,” he celebrates the cost-benefit revolution in policy making, tracing its defining moments in the Reagan, Clinton, and Obama administrations (and pondering its uncertain future in the Trump administration). He acknowledges that public officials often lack information about costs and benefits, and outlines state-of-the-art techniques for acquiring that information. Policies should make people's lives better. Quantitative cost-benefit analysis, Sunstein argues, is the best available method for making this happen—even if, in the future, new measures of human well-being, also explored in this book, may be better still.

Estimation of Cost Pass Through to Michigan Consumers in the ADM Price Fixing Case

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (437 download)

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Book Synopsis Estimation of Cost Pass Through to Michigan Consumers in the ADM Price Fixing Case by : Ronald Wayne Cotterill

Download or read book Estimation of Cost Pass Through to Michigan Consumers in the ADM Price Fixing Case written by Ronald Wayne Cotterill and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: