Cortical Memory Functions

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Cortical Memory Functions

Author : FAIR
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1475722079
Total Pages : 218 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (757 download)

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Book Synopsis Cortical Memory Functions by : FAIR

Download or read book Cortical Memory Functions written by FAIR and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This means that many neuroanatomists may balk at the functional interpretation I have given their sort of data, whereas many neuroscien tists in other fields may balk at references to neuroanatomy they cannot confirm from memory and begrudge the time to look up. Members of both groups may consequently decline to read the book on the ground that it is too risky or too difficult to follow, or both. Let me say, in my own defence, that although the argument presented here draws upon data from a number of different fields, they fit together in ways that are often quite striking; that the problem of memory is in itself an important one; and that theory in neuroscience, if it is to fulfill its function of unifying our understanding by way of testable propositions, has got, at some point, to become interdisciplinary. I submit that the present theory meets those requirements and may therefore justify the effort it asks of the reader. To the extent that it passes the critical test of experiment, it will also give research in the fields related to memory a clearer rationale, thereby, perhaps, saving time. Introduction What follows is an outline of the theory of memory functions developed in this monograph. It will not include the supporting data and references used throughout in the text, but will simply present the essentials of the argument.

Discovering the Brain

Author : National Academy of Sciences
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309045290
Total Pages : 195 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Discovering the Brain by : National Academy of Sciences

Download or read book Discovering the Brain written by National Academy of Sciences and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1992-01-01 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The brain ... There is no other part of the human anatomy that is so intriguing. How does it develop and function and why does it sometimes, tragically, degenerate? The answers are complex. In Discovering the Brain, science writer Sandra Ackerman cuts through the complexity to bring this vital topic to the public. The 1990s were declared the "Decade of the Brain" by former President Bush, and the neuroscience community responded with a host of new investigations and conferences. Discovering the Brain is based on the Institute of Medicine conference, Decade of the Brain: Frontiers in Neuroscience and Brain Research. Discovering the Brain is a "field guide" to the brainâ€"an easy-to-read discussion of the brain's physical structure and where functions such as language and music appreciation lie. Ackerman examines: How electrical and chemical signals are conveyed in the brain. The mechanisms by which we see, hear, think, and pay attentionâ€"and how a "gut feeling" actually originates in the brain. Learning and memory retention, including parallels to computer memory and what they might tell us about our own mental capacity. Development of the brain throughout the life span, with a look at the aging brain. Ackerman provides an enlightening chapter on the connection between the brain's physical condition and various mental disorders and notes what progress can realistically be made toward the prevention and treatment of stroke and other ailments. Finally, she explores the potential for major advances during the "Decade of the Brain," with a look at medical imaging techniquesâ€"what various technologies can and cannot tell usâ€"and how the public and private sectors can contribute to continued advances in neuroscience. This highly readable volume will provide the public and policymakersâ€"and many scientists as wellâ€"with a helpful guide to understanding the many discoveries that are sure to be announced throughout the "Decade of the Brain."

Cortical Memory Functions

Author : FAIR
Publisher : Birkhäuser
ISBN 13 : 9780817636159
Total Pages : 210 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (361 download)

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Book Synopsis Cortical Memory Functions by : FAIR

Download or read book Cortical Memory Functions written by FAIR and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 1992-08-28 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This means that many neuroanatomists may balk at the functional interpretation I have given their sort of data, whereas many neuroscien tists in other fields may balk at references to neuroanatomy they cannot confirm from memory and begrudge the time to look up. Members of both groups may consequently decline to read the book on the ground that it is too risky or too difficult to follow, or both. Let me say, in my own defence, that although the argument presented here draws upon data from a number of different fields, they fit together in ways that are often quite striking; that the problem of memory is in itself an important one; and that theory in neuroscience, if it is to fulfill its function of unifying our understanding by way of testable propositions, has got, at some point, to become interdisciplinary. I submit that the present theory meets those requirements and may therefore justify the effort it asks of the reader. To the extent that it passes the critical test of experiment, it will also give research in the fields related to memory a clearer rationale, thereby, perhaps, saving time. Introduction What follows is an outline of the theory of memory functions developed in this monograph. It will not include the supporting data and references used throughout in the text, but will simply present the essentials of the argument.

Memory in the Cerebral Cortex

Author : Joaquin M. Fuster
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262061711
Total Pages : 380 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (617 download)

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Book Synopsis Memory in the Cerebral Cortex by : Joaquin M. Fuster

Download or read book Memory in the Cerebral Cortex written by Joaquin M. Fuster and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1995 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neural memory remains largely a mystery despite all the attention it has received. Prompted by this observation, Joaquin M. Fuster presents the insights of more than three decades of empirical research on the neural processes by which memory is formed, stored and retrieved. This text focuses on the neocortex, where individual memory is deposited and represented, and offers a new taxonomy of memory that should accommodate the rapidly changing nature of the field and the various disciplines involved.

Cortex and Mind

Author : Joaquin M. Fuster
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190293772
Total Pages : 294 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Cortex and Mind by : Joaquin M. Fuster

Download or read book Cortex and Mind written by Joaquin M. Fuster and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2005-08-25 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a unique synthesis of the current neuroscience of cognition by one of the world's authorities in the field. The guiding principle to this synthesis is the tenet that the entirety of our knowledge is encoded by relations, and thus by connections, in neuronal networks of our cerebral cortex. Cognitive networks develop by experience on a base of widely dispersed modular cell assemblies representing elementary sensations and movements. As they develop cognitive networks organize themselves hierarchically by order of complexity or abstraction of their content. Because networks intersect profusely, sharing commong nodes, a neuronal assembly anywhere in the cortex can be part of many networks, and therefore many items of knowledge. All cognitive functions consist of neural transactions within and between cognitive networks. After reviewing the neurobiology and architecture of cortical networks (also named cognits), the author undertakes a systematic study of cortical dynamics in each of the major cognitive functions--perception, memory, attention, language, and intelligence. In this study, he makes use of a large body of evidence from a variety of methodologies, in the brain of the human as well as the nonhuman primate. The outcome of his interdisciplinary endeavor is the emergence of a structural and dynamic order in the cerebral cortex that, though still sketchy and fragmentary, mirrors with remarkable fidelity the order in the human mind.

Neural Plasticity and Memory

Author : Federico Bermudez-Rattoni
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1420008412
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Neural Plasticity and Memory by : Federico Bermudez-Rattoni

Download or read book Neural Plasticity and Memory written by Federico Bermudez-Rattoni and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-04-17 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive, multidisciplinary review, Neural Plasticity and Memory: From Genes to Brain Imaging provides an in-depth, up-to-date analysis of the study of the neurobiology of memory. Leading specialists share their scientific experience in the field, covering a wide range of topics where molecular, genetic, behavioral, and brain imaging techniq

The Parietal Lobe

Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0444636242
Total Pages : 606 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (446 download)

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Book Synopsis The Parietal Lobe by :

Download or read book The Parietal Lobe written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-03-05 with total page 606 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Parietal Lobe, Volume 151, the latest release from the Handbook of Clinical Neurology series, provides a foundation on the neuroanatomy, neurophysiology and clinical neurology/neuropsychology of the parietal lobe that is not only applicable to both basic researchers and clinicians, but also to students and specialists who are interested in learning more about disorders brought on by damage or dysfunction. Topics encompass the evolution, anatomy, connections, and neurophysiology, the major neurological and neuropsychological deficits and syndromes caused by damage, the potential for improvement via transcranial stimulation, and the role of the parietal in the cerebral networks for perception and action. - Provides a broad overview of the neuroanatomy, neurophysiology and clinical neurology of this region of the cortex - Offers additional insights regarding the role of the parietal in the cerebral networks for perception and action - Addresses the most frequent complications associated with damage, including somatosensory, perceptual, language, and memory, deficits, pain, optic ataxia, spatial neglect, apraxia, and more - Edited work with chapters authored by global leaders in the field - Presents the broadest, most expert coverage available

The Evolution of Memory Systems

Author : Elisabeth A. Murray
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0191509965
Total Pages : 644 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)

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Book Synopsis The Evolution of Memory Systems by : Elisabeth A. Murray

Download or read book The Evolution of Memory Systems written by Elisabeth A. Murray and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-11-10 with total page 644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current theories about human memory have been shaped by clinical observations and animal experiments. This doctrine holds that the medial temporal lobe subserves one memory system for explicit or declarative memories, while the basal ganglia subserves a separate memory system for implicit or procedural memories, including habits. Cortical areas outside the medial temporal lobe are said to function in perception, motor control, attention, or other aspects of executive function, but not in memory. 'The Evolution of Memory Systems' advances dramatically different ideas on all counts. It proposes that several memory systems arose during evolution and that they did so for the same general reason: to transcend problems and exploit opportunities encountered by specific ancestors at particular times and places in the distant past. Instead of classifying cortical areas in terms of mutually exclusive perception, executive, or memory functions, the authors show that all cortical areas contribute to memory and that they do so in their own ways-using specialized neural representations. The book also presents a proposal on the evolution of explicit memory. According to this idea, explicit (declarative) memory depends on interactions between a phylogenetically ancient navigation system and a representational system that evolved in humans to represent one's self and others. As a result, people embed representations of themselves into the events they experience and the facts they learn, which leads to the perception of participating in events and knowing facts. 'The Evolution of Memory Systems' is an important new work for students and researchers in neuroscience, psychology, and biology.

The Prefrontal Cortex

Author : Angela C. Roberts
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780198524410
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (244 download)

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Book Synopsis The Prefrontal Cortex by : Angela C. Roberts

Download or read book The Prefrontal Cortex written by Angela C. Roberts and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The role of the prefrontal cortex is one of the most topical and important areas of research in contemporary neuropsychology. This cortical region appears to be linked with executive processes affecting many diverse areas of cognitive function. Working memory, information processing, behavioural organization, attention, judgement, and the ability to cope with novel experiences are just some of the diverse processes it affects. This book brings together contributions from some of the world's leading researchers on the prefrontal cortex. They discuss the many recent theoretical and technical advances in the field - for example in our understanding of the neural architecture of the prefrontal cortex, in the development of comparable texts of cognition in humans and other primates, in our understanding of the relationships between neuronal activity and behaviour, and in the increasing use of functional neuroimaging to identify different levels of organization within the prefrontal cortex. These important developments make this an ideal time to address the many questions and debates that have arisen about the role and functional organization of this area of the brain. One of the first books to be written on the subject, The Prefrontal Cortex is a state-of-the-art account of our knowledge of this exciting subject. It will be welcomed by all researchers and students in neuro- and cognitive psychology, and neuroscience.

The Prefrontal Cortex

Author : Joaquin M. Fuster
Publisher : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 364 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Prefrontal Cortex by : Joaquin M. Fuster

Download or read book The Prefrontal Cortex written by Joaquin M. Fuster and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 1997 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Motor and Cognitive Functions of the Prefrontal Cortex

Author : Anne-Marie Thierry
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642850073
Total Pages : 193 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (428 download)

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Book Synopsis Motor and Cognitive Functions of the Prefrontal Cortex by : Anne-Marie Thierry

Download or read book Motor and Cognitive Functions of the Prefrontal Cortex written by Anne-Marie Thierry and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The prefrontal cortex is particularly challenging as it has undergone great expansion during phylogenetic development and because it plays a crucial role in regulating most complex behaviors. Progress in research techniques in animals and in the development of non-invasive brain imaging approaches in humans have allowed resurgence of interest in the prefrontal cortex. To shed light on the rapidly accumulating information on motor and cognitive functions of the prefrontal cortex the Fondation IPSEN organized a symposium. This volume contains the proceedings of this meeting giving the most up-to-date research, with interdisciplinarycontributions from such fields as neuroanatomy, neuropharmacology, electrophysiology as well as from clinical and behavior studies. The contents of this book provides an important development in the understanding of the prefrontal cortex.

Brain Organization and Memory

Author : James L. McGaugh
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0195360257
Total Pages : 428 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Brain Organization and Memory by : James L. McGaugh

Download or read book Brain Organization and Memory written by James L. McGaugh and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1992-06-25 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume summarizes recent findings of leading researchers investigating the brain systems that underlie memory. The book reviews recent progress in understanding forms of memory in animals and humans and the interaction of cortical and subcortical systems in the regulation of memory. Special emphasis is given to the development of neural network models that attempt to link cells to systems in the representation of memory. The book will be an invaluable source for cognitive psychologists, neuroscientists, and students interested in this active and exciting area of research.

Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex

Author : Shintaro Funahashi
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811972680
Total Pages : 554 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (119 download)

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Book Synopsis Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex by : Shintaro Funahashi

Download or read book Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex written by Shintaro Funahashi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-12-13 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The prefrontal cortex is known to play important roles for performing a variety of higher cognitive functions. Among regions of the prefrontal cortex, the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex plays the most important roles for these functions. This book focuses on functions of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, summarizes research results obtained mainly by non-human primate studies, and describes neural mechanisms of executive functions that the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex participates. First, to understand the feature of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and how its function has been understood, anatomical and functional features of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and historical overview of prefrontal functions are described. To understand functions of the prefrontal cortex and neural mechanisms of executive functions, working memory is an important concept and sustained activation during the memory period of working memory tasks is known as a neural mechanism of working memory. Therefore, this book describes features of sustained memory-related activity based on neurophysiological results obtained in the prefrontal cortex and how memory-related activity contributes to executive functions including control of attention, inhibitory control, task management, and planning. And further, this book describes how the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex contributes to neural mechanisms for sensory and motor processing, memory control in multi-task performance, decision-making, metacognition, and top-down control. Thus, this book provides important information regarding neural mechanisms of dorsolateral prefrontal functions to neuroscientists and helps to plan further investigation to understand prefrontal functions in primates and human subjects.

Cerebral Cortex

Author : Edmund T. Rolls
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198784856
Total Pages : 979 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis Cerebral Cortex by : Edmund T. Rolls

Download or read book Cerebral Cortex written by Edmund T. Rolls and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 979 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides insights into the principles of operation of the cerebral cortex. These principles are key to understanding how we, as humans, function. The book includes Appendices on the operation of many of the neuronal networks described in the book, together with simulation software written in Matlab.

Cognitive Neuroscience of Memory

Author : Hans J. Markowitsch
Publisher : Seattle ; Toronto : Hogrefe & Huber
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Cognitive Neuroscience of Memory by : Hans J. Markowitsch

Download or read book Cognitive Neuroscience of Memory written by Hans J. Markowitsch and published by Seattle ; Toronto : Hogrefe & Huber. This book was released on 1999 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gives an integrated overview of anatomical, functional, and cognitive-behavioral aspects of memory and long-term information processing in both normal subjects as well as in brain-damaged or psychiatric patients. The volume contains both contributions from leading experts in the various fields, including Endel Tulving, and chapters expressing alternative views and new approaches, as well as discussions of terminology and current controversies. The book is unique in that it takes a theoretically integrated "cognitive" approach to the neurosciences. The principle themes include: neural representation of information and the means of examining them; dynamic brain imaging methods; the implications of recent results on the interdependence of brain and behavior; and frameworks for explaining seemingly discrepant or incompatible findings. Providing clear and readable coverage of the terminology and topics that are essential for an understanding of current theories and work in the neurosciences, this volume is essential reading for all neuroscientists interested in cognition, including graduate students and researchers.

Network Mechanisms of Memory Storage in the Balanced Cortex

Author : Alessandro Barri
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Network Mechanisms of Memory Storage in the Balanced Cortex by : Alessandro Barri

Download or read book Network Mechanisms of Memory Storage in the Balanced Cortex written by Alessandro Barri and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is generally maintained that one of cortex' functions is the storage of a large number of memories. In this picture, the physical substrate of memories is thought to be realised in pattern and strengths of synaptic connections among cortical neurons. Memory recall is associated with neuronal activity that is shaped by this connectivity. In this framework, active memories are represented by attractors in the space of neural activity. Electrical activity in cortical neurones in vivo exhibits prominent temporal irregularity. A standard way to account for this phenomenon is to postulate that recurrent synaptic excitation and inhibition as well as external inputs are balanced. In the common view, however, these balanced networks do not easily support the coexistence of multiple attractors. This is problematic in view of memory function. Recently, theoretical studies showed that balanced networks with synapses that exhibit short-term plasticity (STP) are able to maintain multiple stable states. In order to investigate whether experimentally obtained synaptic parameters are consistent with model predictions, we developed a new methodology that is capable to quantify both response variability and STP at the same synapse in an integrated and statistically-principled way. This approach yields higher parameter precision than standard procedures and allows for the use of more efficient stimulation protocols. However, the findings with respect to STP parameters do not allow to make conclusive statements about the validity of synaptic theories of balanced working memory. In the second part of this thesis an alternative theory of cortical memory storage is developed. The theory is based on the assumptions that memories are stored in attractor networks, and that memories are not represented by network states differing in their average activity levels, but by micro-states sharing the same global statistics. Different memories differ with respect to their spatial distributions of firing rates. From this the main result is derived: the balanced state is a necessary condition for extensive memory storage. Furthermore, we analytically calculate memory storage capacities of rate neurone networks. Remarkably, it can be shown that crucial properties of neuronal activity and physiology that are consistent with experimental observations are directly predicted by the theory if optimal memory storage capacity is required.

The Mindful Brain

Author : Gerald M. Edelman
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262550075
Total Pages : 107 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis The Mindful Brain by : Gerald M. Edelman

Download or read book The Mindful Brain written by Gerald M. Edelman and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1982-03-30 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A proposal by two eminent biological scientists for a mechanism whereby mind becomes manifest from the operations of brain tissue. This significant contribution to neuroscience consists of two papers, the first by Mountcastle an, the second by Edelman. Between them, they examine from different but complementary directions the relationships that connect the higher brain—memory, learning, perception, thinking—with what goes on at the most basic levels of neural activity, with particular stress on the role of local neuronal circuits.Edelman's major hypothesis is that "the conscious state results from phasic reentrant signaling occurring in parallel processes that involve associations between stored patterns and current sensory or internal input." This selective process occurs by the polling of degenerate primary repertoires of neuronal groups that are formed during embryogenesis and development. Edelman's theory extrapolates to the brain the selectionistic immunological theories for which he was awarded the 1972 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Mountcastle's paper reviews what is known about the actual structure of various parts of the neo cortex. He relates the large entities of the neocortex to their component modules—the local neuronal circuits—and shows how the complex interrelationships of such a distributed system can yield dynamic distributed functioning. There are strong conceptual parallels between Mountcastle's idea of cortical columns and their functional subunits and Edelman's concept of populations of neurons functioning as processors in a brain system based on selectional rather than instructional principles. These parallels are traced and put into perspective in Francis Schmitt's Introduction.