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Coping With Crisis The Resilience And Vulnerability Of Pre Industrial Settlements
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Book Synopsis Coping with Crisis: The Resilience and Vulnerability of Pre-Industrial Settlements by : Daniel R. Curtis
Download or read book Coping with Crisis: The Resilience and Vulnerability of Pre-Industrial Settlements written by Daniel R. Curtis and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-05-13 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why in the pre-industrial period were some settlements resilient and stable over the long term while other settlements were vulnerable to crisis? Indeed, what made certain human habitations more prone to decline or even total collapse, than others? All pre-industrial societies had to face certain challenges: exogenous environmental hazards such as earthquakes or plagues, economic or political hazards from ’outside’ such as warfare or expropriation of property, or hazards of their own-making such as soil erosion or subsistence crises. How then can we explain why some societies were able to overcome or negate these problems, while other societies proved susceptible to failure, as settlements contracted, stagnated, were abandoned, or even disappeared entirely? This book has been stimulated by the questions and hypotheses put forward by a recent ’disaster studies’ literature - in particular, by placing the intrinsic arrangement of societies at the forefront of the explanatory framework. Essentially it is suggested that the resilience or vulnerability of habitation has less to do with exogenous crises themselves, but on endogenous societal responses which dictate: (a) the extent of destruction caused by crises and the capacity for society to protect itself; and (b) the capacity to create a sufficient recovery. By empirically testing the explanatory framework on a number of societies between the Middle Ages and the nineteenth century in England, the Low Countries, and Italy, it is ultimately argued in this book that rather than the protective functions of the state or the market, or the implementation of technological innovation or capital investment, the most resilient human habitations in the pre-industrial period were those than displayed an equitable distribution of property and a well-balanced distribution of power between social interest groups. Equitable distributions of power and property were the underlying conditions in pre-industrial societies that all
Book Synopsis Coping with Crisis: The Resilience and Vulnerability of Pre-Industrial Settlements by : Daniel R. Curtis
Download or read book Coping with Crisis: The Resilience and Vulnerability of Pre-Industrial Settlements written by Daniel R. Curtis and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-05-13 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why in the pre-industrial period were some settlements resilient and stable over the long term while other settlements were vulnerable to crisis? Indeed, what made certain human habitations more prone to decline or even total collapse, than others? All pre-industrial societies had to face certain challenges: exogenous environmental hazards such as earthquakes or plagues, economic or political hazards from ’outside’ such as warfare or expropriation of property, or hazards of their own-making such as soil erosion or subsistence crises. How then can we explain why some societies were able to overcome or negate these problems, while other societies proved susceptible to failure, as settlements contracted, stagnated, were abandoned, or even disappeared entirely? This book has been stimulated by the questions and hypotheses put forward by a recent ’disaster studies’ literature - in particular, by placing the intrinsic arrangement of societies at the forefront of the explanatory framework. Essentially it is suggested that the resilience or vulnerability of habitation has less to do with exogenous crises themselves, but on endogenous societal responses which dictate: (a) the extent of destruction caused by crises and the capacity for society to protect itself; and (b) the capacity to create a sufficient recovery. By empirically testing the explanatory framework on a number of societies between the Middle Ages and the nineteenth century in England, the Low Countries, and Italy, it is ultimately argued in this book that rather than the protective functions of the state or the market, or the implementation of technological innovation or capital investment, the most resilient human habitations in the pre-industrial period were those than displayed an equitable distribution of property and a well-balanced distribution of power between social interest groups. Equitable distributions of power and property were the underlying conditions in pre-industrial societies that all
Book Synopsis Strategies, Dispositions and Resources of Social Resilience by : Martin Endress
Download or read book Strategies, Dispositions and Resources of Social Resilience written by Martin Endress and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-04-24 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The concept of resilience, which originally emerged in psychology, has spread to numerous disciplines and was further developed particularly in social ecology. Resilience experiences an ongoing growing reception in the humanities and historical and social sciences as well, including heterogenic approaches on how to conceptually frame resilience. Common to these approaches is, that resilience becomes topical in the context of analysing phenomena and processes of the ‘resistibility’ of certain (socio-historical) units or actors which are perceived as being faced with various constellations of disruptive change. In this context, resilience is not only taken to mean the opposite of vulnerability, but at the same time, resilience and vulnerability are understood as complementary concepts. From this perspective, vulnerability is a necessary condition of resilience and vice versa. Against this background, the present volume provides a preliminary appraisal of socio-scientific and historical resilience research by assembling contributions of authors originating from different disciplines. Thus, it fosters an interdisciplinary discussion on the theoretical and analytical potentials as well as the empirical applicability of the concept of resilience. ContentsStrategies, Dispositions and Resources – Theoretical contributions • Medieval case studies • Reflections and General Comments The EditorsDr. Martin Endreß is Professor for General Sociology at the University of Trier. Dr. Lukas Clemens is Professor for Medieval History at the University of Trier. Dr. Benjamin Rampp is research assistant for General Sociology at the University of Trier.
Book Synopsis Before the UN Sustainable Development Goals by : Martin Gutmann
Download or read book Before the UN Sustainable Development Goals written by Martin Gutmann and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022-02-24 with total page 535 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chapter 14 from this book is published open access and free to read or download from Oxford Scholarship Online, https://oxford.universitypressscholarship.com/ Before the UN Sustainable Development Goals enables professionals, scholars, and students engaged with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to develop a richer understanding of the legacies and historical complexities of the policy fields behind each goal. Each of the seventeen chapters tells the decades- or centuries-old backstory of one SDG and reveals the global human connections, governance tools and frameworks, and the actors involved in past efforts to address sustainable development challenges. Collectively, the seventeen chapters build a historical latticework that reveals the multiple and often interwoven sources that have shaped the challenges later encompassed in the SDGs. Engaging and insightfully written, the book's chapters are authored by international experts from multiple disciplines. The book is an indispensable resource and a vital foundation for understanding the past's indelible footprint on our contemporary sustainable development challenges.
Book Synopsis The Crisis of the 14th Century by : Martin Bauch
Download or read book The Crisis of the 14th Century written by Martin Bauch and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2019-12-16 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pre-modern critical interactions of nature and society can best be studied during the so-called "Crisis of the 14th Century". While historiography has long ignored the environmental framing of historcial processes and scientists have over-emphasized nature's impact on the course of human history, this volume tries to describe the at times complex modes of the late-medieval relationship of man and nature. The idea of 'teleconnection', borrowed from the geosciences, describes the influence of atmospheric circulation patterns often over long distances. It seems that there were 'teleconnections' in society, too. So this volumes aims to examine man-environment interactions mainly in the 14th century from all over Europe and beyond. It integrates contributions from different disciplines on impact, perception and reaction of environmental change and natural extreme events on late Medieval societies. For humanists from all historical disciplines it offers an approach how to integrate written and even scientific evidence on environmental change in established and new fields of historical research. For scientists it demonstrates the contributions scholars from the humanities can provide for discussion on past environmental changes.
Download or read book The Lion's Share written by Guido Alfani and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-02-07 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the most in-depth analysis of inequality and social polarization ever attempted for a preindustrial society. Using data from the archives of the Venetian Terraferma, and compared with information available for elsewhere in Europe, Guido Alfani and Matteo Di Tullio demonstrate that the rise of the fiscal-military state served to increase economic inequality in the early modern period. Preindustrial fiscal systems tended to be regressive in nature, and increased post-tax inequality compared to pre-tax - in contrast to what we would assume is the case in contemporary societies. This led to greater and greater disparities in wealth, which were made worse still as taxes were collected almost entirely to fund war and defence rather than social welfare. Though focused on Old Regime Europe, Alfani and Di Tullio's findings speak to contemporary debates about the roots of inequality and social stratification.
Book Synopsis Plague in the Early Modern World by : Dean Phillip Bell
Download or read book Plague in the Early Modern World written by Dean Phillip Bell and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-01-08 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plague in the Early Modern World presents a broad range of primary source materials from Europe, the Middle East, North Africa, China, India, and North America that explore the nature and impact of plague and disease in the early modern world. During the early modern period frequent and recurring outbreaks of plague and other epidemics around the world helped to define local identities and they simultaneously forged and subverted social structures, recalibrated demographic patterns, dictated political agendas, and drew upon and tested religious and scientific worldviews. By gathering texts from diverse and often obscure publications and from areas of the globe not commonly studied, Plague in the Early Modern World provides new information and a unique platform for exploring early modern world history from local and global perspectives and examining how early modern people understood and responded to plague at times of distress and normalcy. Including source materials such as memoirs and autobiographies, letters, histories, and literature, as well as demographic statistics, legislation, medical treatises and popular remedies, religious writings, material culture, and the visual arts, the volume will be of great use to students and general readers interested in early modern history and the history of disease.
Book Synopsis Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Sustainable Urban Development by : Vien Thuc Ha
Download or read book Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Sustainable Urban Development written by Vien Thuc Ha and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Making the Medieval Relevant by : Chris Jones
Download or read book Making the Medieval Relevant written by Chris Jones and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2019-12-02 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When scholars discuss the medieval past, the temptation is to become immersed there, to deepen our appreciation of the nuances of the medieval sources through debate about their meaning. But the past informs the present in a myriad of ways and medievalists can, and should, use their research to address the concerns and interests of contemporary society. This volume presents a number of carefully commissioned essays that demonstrate the fertility and originality of recent work in Medieval Studies. Above all, they have been selected for relevance. Most contributors are in the earlier stages of their careers and their approaches clearly reflect how interdisciplinary methodologies applied to Medieval Studies have potential repercussions and value far beyond the boundaries of the Middles Ages. These chapters are powerful demonstrations of the value of medieval research to our own times, both in terms of providing answers to some of the specific questions facing humanity today and in terms of much broader considerations. Taken together, the research presented here also provides readers with confidence in the fact that Medieval Studies cannot be neglected without a great loss to the understanding of what it means to be human.
Book Synopsis The Archaeology of Medieval Villages Currently Inhabited in Europe by : Jesús Fernández Fernández
Download or read book The Archaeology of Medieval Villages Currently Inhabited in Europe written by Jesús Fernández Fernández and published by Archaeopress Publishing Ltd. This book was released on 2019-08-29 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Archaeological interventions in European rural settlements have largely focussed on villages abandoned during the last millennium. Most hamlets and villages of medieval origin remain inhabited, however, and excavations have been scarce. This book details excavations of inhabited sites in the UK, the Netherlands, France, Scandinavia and Spain.
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Later Medieval Archaeology in Britain by : Christopher Gerrard
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Later Medieval Archaeology in Britain written by Christopher Gerrard and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-01-11 with total page 1105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Middle Ages are all around us in Britain. The Tower of London and the castles of Scotland and Wales are mainstays of cultural tourism and an inspiring cross-section of later medieval finds can now be seen on display in museums across England, Scotland, and Wales. Medieval institutions from Parliament and monarchy to universities are familiar to us and we come into contact with the later Middle Ages every day when we drive through a village or town, look up at the castle on the hill, visit a local church or wonder about the earthworks in the fields we see from the window of a train. The Oxford Handbook of Later Medieval Archaeology in Britain provides an overview of the archaeology of the later Middle Ages in Britain between AD 1066 and 1550. 61 entries, divided into 10 thematic sections, cover topics ranging from later medieval objects, human remains, archaeological science, standing buildings, and sites such as castles and monasteries, to the well-preserved relict landscapes which still survive. This is a rich and exciting period of the past and most of what we have learnt about the material culture of our medieval past has been discovered in the past two generations. This volume provides comprehensive coverage of the latest research and describes the major projects and concepts that are changing our understanding of our medieval heritage.
Book Synopsis Disaster Narratives in Early Modern Naples by : Domenico Cecere
Download or read book Disaster Narratives in Early Modern Naples written by Domenico Cecere and published by Viella Libreria Editrice. This book was released on 2021-07-07T18:09:00+02:00 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume deals with natural disasters in late medieval and early modern central and southern Italy. Contributions look at a range of catastrophic events such as eruptions of Mount Vesuvius, floods, earthquakes, and outbreaks of plague and epidemics. A major aim of this volume is to investigate the relationship between catastrophic events and different communication strategies that embraced politics, religion, propaganda, dissent, scholarship as well as collective responses from the lower segments of society. The contributors to this volume share a multidisciplinary approach to the study of natural disasters which draws on disciplines such as cultural and social history, anthropology, literary theory, and linguistics. Together with analyzing the prolific production of propagandistic material and literary sources issued in periods of acute crisis, the documentation on disasters studied in this volume also includes laws and emergency regulations, petitions and pleas to the authorities, scientific and medical treatises, manuscript and printed newsletters as well as diplomatic dispatches and correspondence.
Book Synopsis Archeologia e Calcolatori, 34.2, 2023 by :
Download or read book Archeologia e Calcolatori, 34.2, 2023 written by and published by All'Insegna del Giglio. This book was released on 2024-02-06 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Famines During the ʻLittle Ice Ageʼ (1300-1800) by : Dominik Collet
Download or read book Famines During the ʻLittle Ice Ageʼ (1300-1800) written by Dominik Collet and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-08-01 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This highly interdisciplinary book studies historical famines as an interface of nature and culture. It will bring together researchers from the natural and social sciences as well as the humanities. With reference to recent interdisciplinary concepts (disaster studies, vulnerability studies, environmental history) it will examine, how the dominant opposition of natural and cultural factors can be overcome. Such an integrated approach includes the "archives of nature" as well as "archives of man". It challenges deterministic models of human-environment interaction and replaces them with a dynamic, historicising approach. As a result it provides a fresh perspective on the entanglement of climate and culture in past societies.
Book Synopsis The Routledge Handbook of Medieval Rural Life by : Miriam Müller
Download or read book The Routledge Handbook of Medieval Rural Life written by Miriam Müller and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-10-26 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Routledge Handbook of Medieval Rural Life brings together the latest research on peasantry in medieval Europe. The aim is to place peasants – as small-scale agricultural producers – firmly at the centre of this volume, as people with agency, immense skill and resilience to shape their environments, cultures and societies. This volume examines the changes and evolutions within village societies across the medieval period, over a broad chronology and across a wide geography. Rural structures, families and hierarchies are examined alongside tool use and trade, as well as the impact of external factors such as famine and the Black Death. The contributions offer insights into multidisciplinary research, incorporating archaeological as well as landscape studies alongside traditional historical documentary approaches across widely differing local and regional contexts across medieval Europe. This book will be an essential reference for scholars and students of medieval history, as well those interested in rural, cultural and social history.
Book Synopsis New Directions in Social and Cultural History by : Sasha Handley
Download or read book New Directions in Social and Cultural History written by Sasha Handley and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2018-02-22 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What does it mean to be a social and cultural historian today? In the wake of the 'cultural turn', and in an age of digital and public history, what challenges and opportunities await historians in the early 21st century? In this exciting new text, leading historians reflect on key developments in their fields and argue for a range of 'new directions' in social and cultural history. Focusing on emerging areas of historical research such as the history of the emotions and environmental history, New Directions in Social and Cultural History is an invaluable guide to the current and future state of the field. The book is divided into three clear sections, each with an editorial introduction, and covering key thematic areas: histories of the human, the material world, and challenges and provocations. Each chapter in the collection provides an introduction to the key and recent developments in its specialist field, with their authors then moving on to argue for what they see as particularly important shifts and interventions in the theory and methodology and suggest future developments. New Directions in Social and Cultural History provides a comprehensive and insightful overview of this burgeoning field which will be important reading for all students and scholars of social and cultural history and historiography.
Download or read book Past Vulnerability written by Felix Riede and published by Aarhus Universitetsforlag. This book was released on 2015-12-31 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volcanic eruptions can affect everything--nature, wildlife, people. From the earliest times, human resilience has been tested by this most severe environmental hazard resulting in a variety of collective responses--from despair and helplessness to endurance, increased worship of the gods, and even mass migrations. Past Vulnerability breaks new ground by examining the histories of extreme environmental events, from the resent eruptions of Mount Merapi in Central Java to the prehistoric Toba supervolcanic eruption 74,000 years ago on the island of Sumatra. Experts from a broad and unconventional range of disciplines--from anthropology to literature studies and from archaeology to theology--discuss the impacts of volcanic eruptions in human history and prehistory. The book sets the scene for a 'palaeosocial volcanology' that complements and extends current approaches to volcanic hazards in the natural and social sciences by presenting historically informed and evidence-based analyses on how traditional societies dealt with these dangers--or failed to do so.
