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Controlled Foaming Of Polystyrene Using Supercritical Co2
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Book Synopsis Polymer Nanocomposite Foams by : Vikas Mittal
Download or read book Polymer Nanocomposite Foams written by Vikas Mittal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-10-18 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advancements in polymer nanocomposite foams have led to their application in a variety of fields, such as automotive, packaging, and insulation. Employing nanocomposites in foam formation enhances their property profiles, enabling a broader range of uses, from conventional to advanced applications. Since many factors affect the generation of nanost
Book Synopsis Recent Developments in Polymer Macro, Micro and Nano Blends by : P.M. Visakh
Download or read book Recent Developments in Polymer Macro, Micro and Nano Blends written by P.M. Visakh and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2016-08-24 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent Developments in Polymer Macro, Micro and Nano Blends: Preparation and Characterisation discusses the various types of techniques that are currently used for the characterization of polymer-based macro, micro, and nano blends. It summarizes recent technical research accomplishments, emphasizing a broad range of characterization methods. In addition, the book discusses preparation methods and applications for various types of polymer-based macro, micro, and nano blends. Chapters include thermoplastic-based polymer & nano blends, applications of rubber based and thermoplastic blends, micro/nanostructures polymer blends containing block copolymers, advances in polymer-inorganic hybrids as membrane materials, synthesis of polymer/inorganic hybrids through heterophase polymerizations, nanoporous polymer foams from nanostructured polymer blends, and natural polymeric biodegradable nano blends for protein delivery. - Describes the techniques pertaining to a kind (or small number) of blends, showing specific examples of their applications - Covers micro, macro, and nano polymer blends - Contains contributions from leading experts in the field
Download or read book Polymeric Foams written by Shau-Tarng Lee and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2008-12-24 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores the Latest Developments in Polymeric FoamsSince the 1960s polymeric foams have grown into a solid industry that affects almost every aspect of modern life. The industry has weathered the energy crisis in the 70s, ozone issues in the 80s, and recycle/reuse in the 90s. However, the pace of development and social climate is rapidly changing a
Book Synopsis Foaming with Supercritical Fluids by : Ernesto Di Maio
Download or read book Foaming with Supercritical Fluids written by Ernesto Di Maio and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-11-06 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Foaming with Supercritical Fluids, Volume Nine provides a comprehensive description of the use of supercritical fluids as blowing agents in polymer foaming. To this aim, the fundamental issues on which the proper design and control of this process are rooted are discussed in detail, with specific attention devoted to the theoretical and experimental aspects of sorption thermodynamics of a blowing agent within a polymer, the effect of the absorbed blowing agent on the thermal, interfacial and rheological properties of the expanding matter, and the phase separation of the gaseous phase, and of the related bubble nucleation and growth phenomena. Several foaming technologies based on the use of supercritical blowing agents are then described, addressing the main issues in the light of the underlying chemical-physical phenomena. - Offers strong fundamentals on polymer properties important on foaming - Outlines the use of supercritical fluids for foaming - Covers theoretical points-of-view, including foam formation of the polymer/gas solution to the setting of the final foam - Discusses the several processing technologies and applications
Book Synopsis Polymeric Foams by : José Ignacio Velasco
Download or read book Polymeric Foams written by José Ignacio Velasco and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-11-18 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in nanotechnology have boosted the development of more efficient materials, with emerging sectors (electronics, energy, aerospace, etc.) demanding novel materials to fulfill the complex technical requirements of their products. This is the case of polymeric foams, which may display good structural properties alongside functional characteristics through a complex composition and (micro)structure in which a gas phase is combined with rigid ones, mainly based on nanoparticles, dispersed throughout the polymer matrix. In recent years, there has been an important impulse in the development of nanocomposite foams, extending the concept of nanocomposites to the field of cellular materials. This, alongside developments in new advanced foaming technologies which have allowed the generation of foams with micro, sub-micro, and even nanocellular structures, has extended the applications of more traditional foams in terms of weight reduction, damping, and thermal and/or acoustic insulation to novel possibilities, such as electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding. This Special Issue, which consists of a total of 22 articles, including one review article written by research groups of experts in the field, considers recent research on novel polymer-based foams in all their aspects: design, composition, processing and fabrication, microstructure, characterization and analysis, applications and service behavior, recycling and reuse, etc.
Book Synopsis Polymer Processing with Supercritical Fluids by : Vannessa Goodship
Download or read book Polymer Processing with Supercritical Fluids written by Vannessa Goodship and published by iSmithers Rapra Publishing. This book was released on 2005 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: SCFs are currently the subjects of intense research and commercial interest. Applications such as the RESS (rapid expansion of supercritical fluid solutions) process are part of standard industrial practice. In view of their ever-growing importance in the polymer industry there is a need to fully comprehend how supercritical fluids interrelate with polymeric materials to realise the potential that can be gained from their use. The authors review the basic principles of SCFs and their application within the polymer industry: characteristics and properties, extraction of unwanted residual products, polymerisation solvents, and polymer impregnation. Processing applications such as plasticisation, foaming and blending are also considered. There is discussion of the potential within the polymer recycling industry for use of SCFs as cleaning agents or within supercritical oxidation processes. Around 400 references with abstracts from recent global literature accompany this review, sourced from the Polymer Library, to facilitate further reading. A subject index and a company index are included.
Book Synopsis Kirk-Othmer Chemical Technology and the Environment, 2 Volume Set by : Wiley
Download or read book Kirk-Othmer Chemical Technology and the Environment, 2 Volume Set written by Wiley and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-05-21 with total page 2597 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The two-volume reference work Chemical Technology and the Environment provides readers with knowledge on contemporary issues in environmental pollution, prevention and control, as well as regulatory, health and safety issues as related to chemical technology. It introduces and expands the knowledge on emerging "green" materials and processes and "greener" energy technology, as well as more general concepts and methodology including sustainable development and chemistry and green chemistry. Based on Wiley's renowned, Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, this compact reference features the same breadth and quality of coverage and clarity of presentation found in the original.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Foaming and Blowing Agents by : George Wypych
Download or read book Handbook of Foaming and Blowing Agents written by George Wypych and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-03-12 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Foaming and Blowing Agents, Second Edition includes the most current information on foaming technology, guiding users on the proper selection of formulation, which is highly dependent on the mechanisms of action of blowing agents and foaming agents, as well as dispersion and solubility. The book includes properties of 23 groups of blowing agents and the typical range of technical performance for each group, including general properties, physical-chemical properties, health and safety, environmental impact, and applications in different products and polymers. All information is illustrated by chemical reactions and diagrams. Chapters in the book look at foaming mechanisms with the use of solid blowing agents, which are decomposed to the gaseous products by application of heat, production of gaseous products by chemical reaction, and foaming by gases and evaporating liquids. - Introduces the fundamental mechanisms of action of blowing agents and foaming - Includes best practice guidance to help engineers and technicians improve the efficiency of their existing foaming processes - Enables practitioners to select blowing agents and foaming methods more effectively, thus reducing the risk of poor specification - Introduces useful analytical techniques for foaming - Discusses the environmental impact of foaming processes
Book Synopsis Supercritical Carbon Dioxide by : Maartje F. Kemmere
Download or read book Supercritical Carbon Dioxide written by Maartje F. Kemmere and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-05-12 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recently, supercritical fluids have emerged as more sustainable alternatives for the organic solvents often used in polymer processes. This is the first book emphasizing the potential of supercritical carbon dioxide for polymer processes from an engineering point of view. It develops a state-of-the-art overview on polymer fundamentals, polymerization reactions and polymer processing in supercritical carbon dioxide. The book covers topics in a multidisciplinary approach starting from polymer chemistry and thermodynamics, going through monitoring, polymerization processes and ending with polymer shaping and post-processing. The authors are internationally recognized experts from different fields in polymer reaction engineering in supercritical fluids. The book was initiated by the Working Party on Polymer Reaction Engineering of the European Federation of Chemical Engineering and further renowned international experts.
Download or read book SPE/ANTEC 2000 Proceedings written by Spe and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2000-05-05 with total page 1214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 2 of the conference proceedings of the SPE/Antac on 'Materials', held on the 711 May 2000 in Orlando, Florida, USA.
Book Synopsis Blowing Agents and Foaming Processes 2006 by :
Download or read book Blowing Agents and Foaming Processes 2006 written by and published by iSmithers Rapra Publishing. This book was released on 2006 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 8th international conference was dedicated to the critical role of blowing agents in foamed plastics and rubber. Foamed materials are being enhanced to replace dense solid polymers, reducing weight and costs. Chemical & environmental legislation is constantly changing and the foams industry is adapting to meet demands. Do you know about the latest developments? If you are working with polymer foams and need to be at the cutting edge of research, these conference proceedings are for you.
Book Synopsis Papers Presented at the ... Meeting by : American Chemical Society. Division of Polymer Chemistry
Download or read book Papers Presented at the ... Meeting written by American Chemical Society. Division of Polymer Chemistry and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 732 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Polylactide Foams by : Mohammadreza Nofar
Download or read book Polylactide Foams written by Mohammadreza Nofar and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2017-09-18 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polylactide Foams: Fundamentals, Manufacturing, and Applications provides an introduction to the fundamental science behind plastic foams, polylactic acid) and polylactide foaming, giving designers tactics to replace traditional resins with sustainable and biodegradable materials. The book then delves deeper into the technology behind PLA foaming, such as PLA/gas mixture characteristics, solubility, interfacial tension behaviors and crystallization kinetics of various types of PLA and their compounds. The foaming behaviors and mechanisms of various types of PLA and PLA compounds are extensively analyzed and discussed through different manufacturing technologies, namely extrusion foaming, foam injection molding and bead foaming. Interest in Poly(lactic acid) and PLA foams is extremely high – particularly as a potential replacement for styrenic resins – and the price of PLA resin is lower than ever before. This biopolymer has significant potential to improve the sustainability of the plastics industry. Polylactide Foams have a range of potential applications, such as in construction, packaging, insulation, biomedical scaffolds, and others. However, processing and performance of PLA are not at the same level as other non-biodegradable resins. - Introduces the concepts behind foaming, poly(lactic acid) and PLA foaming - Supports further research and development in PLA foams by covering the state-of-the-art in different manufacturing and processing methods - Provides practical guidance for materials scientists and engineers in industry looking to replace traditional polymer resins with a sustainable, biodegradable alternative
Book Synopsis Styrenes: Advances in Research and Application: 2011 Edition by :
Download or read book Styrenes: Advances in Research and Application: 2011 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2012-01-09 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Styrenes: Advances in Research and Application: 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyBrief™ that delivers timely, authoritative, comprehensive, and specialized information about Styrenes in a concise format. The editors have built Styrenes: Advances in Research and Application: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Styrenes in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Styrenes: Advances in Research and Application: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Book Synopsis Foamability of Thermoplastic Polymeric Materials by : Suprakas Sinha Ray
Download or read book Foamability of Thermoplastic Polymeric Materials written by Suprakas Sinha Ray and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-09-24 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Foamability of Thermoplastic Polymeric Materials presents a cutting-edge approach to thermoplastic polymeric foams, drawing on the latest research and guiding the reader through the fundamental science, foamability, structure-property-processing relationship, multi-phase polymeric materials, degradation characteristics of biodegradable foams and advanced applications. Sections provide detailed information on foam manufacturing technologies and the fundamental science behind foaming, present insights on the factors affecting foamability, cover ways of enhancing the foamability of various polymeric materials, with special focus on multi-phase systems, discuss the degradation of biodegradable foams and special morphology development for scaffolds, packaging, acoustic and super-insulation applications, as well as cell seeding studies in scaffolds. Each application has specific requirements in terms of desired properties. This in-depth coverage and analysis helps those looking to move forward with microcellular processing and polymer foaming. This is an ideal resource for researchers, advanced students and professionals interested in the microcellular processing of polymeric materials in the areas of polymer foaming, polymer processing, plastics engineering and materials science. - Offers in-depth coverage of factors affecting foamability and methods for enhancing the foamability of polymeric materials - Explores innovative applications in a range of areas, including scaffolds, acoustic applications, packaging and super-insulation - Provides a comprehensive, critical overview of the state-of-the-art, possible future research directions, and opportunities for industrial application
Book Synopsis Biodegradable polymers for industrial applications by : Ray Smith
Download or read book Biodegradable polymers for industrial applications written by Ray Smith and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-05-17 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The vast majority of plastic products are made from petroleum-based synthetic polymers that do not degrade in a landfill or in a compost-like environment. Therefore, the disposal of these products poses a serious environmental problem. An environmentally-conscious alternative is to design/synthesize polymers that are biodegradable. Biodegradable polymers for industrial applications introduces the subject in part one by outlining the classification and development of biodegradable polymers with individual chapters on polyhydroxyalkanoates, polyesteramides and thermoplastic starch biodegradable polymers and others. The second part explores the materials available for the production of biodegradable polymers. Polymers derived from sugars, natural fibres, renewable forest resources, poly(lactic acid) and protein-nanoparticle composites will be looked at in detail in this section. Part three looks at the properties and mechanisms of degradation, prefacing the subject with a chapter on current standards. The final part explores opportunities for industrial applications, with chapters on packing, agriculture and biodegradable polycaprolactone foams in supercritical carbon dioxide. Biodegradable polymers for industrial applications explores the fundamental concepts concerning the development of biodegradable polymers, degradable polymers from sustainable sources, degradation and properties and industrial applications. It is an authoritative book that will be invaluable for academics, researchers and policy makers in the industry.
Book Synopsis Blowing Agents and Foaming Processes 2005 by :
Download or read book Blowing Agents and Foaming Processes 2005 written by and published by iSmithers Rapra Publishing. This book was released on 2005 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 7th international conference was dedicated to blowing agents and process technology for foamed plastics and rubber. These proceedings provide excellent coverage of the key topics of interest to the industry. There are a good variety of papers on innovations in foaming technology and new applications of blowing agents, with sessions on foaming polyurethane and thermoplastics. There is also a very interesting overview paper on environmental issues and new legislation affecting the industry, particularly in construction applications.
