The London Underground and the public-private partnership agreements

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Author :
Publisher : The Stationery Office
ISBN 13 : 9780215038319
Total Pages : 134 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (383 download)

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Book Synopsis The London Underground and the public-private partnership agreements by : Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Transport Committee

Download or read book The London Underground and the public-private partnership agreements written by Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Transport Committee and published by The Stationery Office. This book was released on 2008-01-25 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report from the Transport Committee, examines London Underground and the Public-Private Partnership Agreements. The Government originally announced proposals for modernising the London Underground network system via Public-Private Partnership (PPP) agreements in 1998. Three contracts were drawn up with: (i) Tube Lines for the maintenance and renewal of the Jubilee, Piccadilly and Northern Lines; (ii) with Metronet Rail BVC for the maintenance and renewal of the Bakerloo, Central, Victoria & Waterloo & City Lines; (iii) with Metronet Rail SSL, responsible for the maintenance and renewal of the "sub-surface lines": the Circle, District, Hammersmith & City, Metropolitan & East London Lines. These PPP Agreements, 30 years in duration, were arrangements to maintain, renew and upgrade parts of London Underground by private sector infrastructure companies (Infracos), whilst London Underground is responsible for services to customers. The PPP Agreements also set out a performance-related incentive and penalty scheme to remunerate the Infracos for the improvements they make to the network. In May 2007, Metronet admitted an overspend of £1 billion and was refused access to loan facilities by the banks. It then made a reference to the PPP Arbiter, which in turn triggered an Extraordinary Review (which occurs when extra costs are incurred above the level allowed for the bid). Metronet put in a bid for £551m but the PPP Arbiter provisionally concluded that a sum of £121m was appropriate. Metronet subsequently went into administration on 18 July 2007. The report sets out a number of conclusions and recommendations, including: contracts that were supposed to deliver 35 station upgrades, in fact delivered only 14, 40% of the requirement; stations that were supposed to cost Metronet SSL £2m, cost £7.5m, with only 65% of schedule track renewal accomplished; the Committee criticises the consequences of the imposition of PPP on Transport for London, as a "lamentable state of affairs", with the future of most of London Underground's upgrade and maintenance work in doubt; the Committee states, that the Government should remember the failure of Metronet before it considers entering similar arrangements; that the Government should publish a candid analysis of the events preceding Metronet's collapse and its consequences; the Committee believe that the PPP model was flawed and probably inferior to traditional public-sector management; that the Government needs to prioritise transparency and clarity to taxpayers and ensure that any future contracts result in clear accountability.

Cavitation and Tension in Liquids,

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Author :
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 144 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Cavitation and Tension in Liquids, by : D. H. Trevena

Download or read book Cavitation and Tension in Liquids, written by D. H. Trevena and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1987 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cavitation is the process of formation of voids and clouds of bubbles in liquids under tension. Cavitation and the ability of liquids to withstand tension are therefore topics of considerable importance in a number of disciplines in pure and applied science. The monograph begins with a historical survey of early cavitation research which started with the pioneering work of F M L Donny and Marcelin Berthelot. The theoretical and experimental background to cavitation and the tensile strength of liquids - static and dynamic stressing of liquids and bubble studies - is then discussed before the practical consequences are considered. It is these 'applied' areas in which cavitation has most bearing on everyday life: engineers and marine architects must have an appreciation of the effects of cavitation on hydraulic machinery and ships' propellers while the cavitation properties of the liquid coolant can play a large part in the design and safety of fast nuclear reactors. In the medical field cavitation effects are met in joint cracking, decompression sickness and blood flow. The conclusion of the book, and a survey of the present state of knowledge, are presented by Professor H N V Temperley, who has had a lifetime's experience of cavitation research. This monograph will serve as a complete introduction to cavitation and tension in liquids for students of physics, engineering and chemical engineering. Researchers and teachers will find it a handy reference source. other_titles

Cavitation

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Author :
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 1783261862
Total Pages : 444 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (832 download)

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Book Synopsis Cavitation by : F Ronald Young

Download or read book Cavitation written by F Ronald Young and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1999-11-30 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published by McGraw-Hill in 1989, this book provides a unified treatment of cavitation, a phenomenon which extends across the boundaries of many fields. The approach is wide-ranging and the aim is to give due consideration to the many aspects of cavitation in proportion to their importance. Particular attention is paid to the diverse situations in which cavitation occurs and to its practical applications./a

Cavitation Instabilities and Rotordynamic Effects in Turbopumps and Hydroturbines

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Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319497197
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis Cavitation Instabilities and Rotordynamic Effects in Turbopumps and Hydroturbines by : Luca d'Agostino

Download or read book Cavitation Instabilities and Rotordynamic Effects in Turbopumps and Hydroturbines written by Luca d'Agostino and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-17 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides a detailed approach to the physics, fluid dynamics, modeling, experimentation and numerical simulation of cavitation phenomena, with special emphasis on cavitation-induced instabilities and their implications on the design and operation of high performance turbopumps and hydraulic turbines. The first part covers the fundamentals (nucleation, dynamics, thermodynamic effects, erosion) and forms of cavitation (attached cavitation, cloud cavitation, supercavitation, vortex cavitation) relevant to hydraulic turbomachinery, illustrates modern experimental techniques for the characterization, visualization and analysis of cavitating flows, and introduces the main aspects of the hydrodynamic design and performance of axial inducers, centrifugal turbopumps and hydo-turbines. The second part focuses on the theoretical modeling, experimental analysis, and practical control of cavitation-induced fluid-dynamic and rotordynamic instabilities of hydraulic turbomachinery, with special emphasis on cavitating turbopumps (cavitation surge, rotating cavitation, higher order cavitation surge, rotordynamic whirl forces). Finally, the third part of the book illustrates the alternative approaches for the simulation of cavitating flows, with emphasis on both modeling and numerical aspects. Examples of applications to the simulation of unsteady cavitation in internal flows through hydraulic machinery are illustrated in detail.

Contribution à l'étude des sensations subjectives de l'ouïe

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 206 pages
Book Rating : 4.M/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Contribution à l'étude des sensations subjectives de l'ouïe by : Maurice Jaunin

Download or read book Contribution à l'étude des sensations subjectives de l'ouïe written by Maurice Jaunin and published by . This book was released on 1892 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Cavitation and Associated Phenomena

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Author :
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 100058738X
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (5 download)

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Book Synopsis Cavitation and Associated Phenomena by : Dmitry A. Biryukov

Download or read book Cavitation and Associated Phenomena written by Dmitry A. Biryukov and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-04-28 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cavitation is a dangerous process which destroys objects in a fluid. Scientific description of this multifaceted phenomenon is based on almost every area of physics, and many interesting effects are connected with cavitation. The most intriguing of them is sonoluminescence – the light emitted from a cavitating fluid. This book presents a full-scale description of cavitation: from the basic thermodynamic principles to special phenomena associated with this complex process, from the dynamics of a single gas cavity to the catastrophic macroscopic manifestations, from the domestic observations to the nuances of X-ray spectroscopic research.

Characterization of Cavitation Bubbles and Sonoluminescence

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Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030117170
Total Pages : 82 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Characterization of Cavitation Bubbles and Sonoluminescence by : Rachel Pflieger

Download or read book Characterization of Cavitation Bubbles and Sonoluminescence written by Rachel Pflieger and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-31 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the latest research on fundamental aspects of acoustic bubbles, and in particular on various complementary ways to characterize them. It starts with the dynamics of a single bubble under ultrasound, and then addresses few-bubble systems and the formation and development of bubble structures, before briefly reviewing work on isolated bubbles in standing acoustic waves (bubble traps) and multibubble systems where translation and interaction of bubbles play a major role. Further, it explores the interaction of bubbles with objects, and highlights non-spherical bubble dynamics and the respective collapse geometries. It also discusses the important link between bubble dynamics and energy focusing in the bubble, leading to sonochemistry and sonoluminescence. The second chapter focuses on the emission of light by cavitation bubbles at collapse (sonoluminescence) and on the information that can be gained by sonoluminescence (SL) spectroscopy, e.g. the conditions reached inside the bubbles or the nature of the excited species formed. This chapter also includes a section on the use of SL intensity measurement under pulsed ultrasound as an indirect way to estimate bubble size and size distribution. Lastly, since one very important feature of cavitation systems is their sonochemical activity, the final chapter presents chemical characterizations, the care that should be taken in using them, and the possible visualization of chemical activity. It also explores the links between bubble dynamics, SL spectroscopy and sonochemical activity. This book provides a fundamental basis for other books in the Molecular Science: Ultrasound and Sonochemistry series that are more focused on applied aspects of sonochemistry. A basic knowledge of the characterization of cavitation bubbles is indispensable for the optimization of sonochemical processes, and as such the book is useful for specialists (researchers, engineers, PhD students etc.) working in the wide area of ultrasonic processing.

Advanced Experimental and Numerical Techniques for Cavitation Erosion Prediction

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Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9401785392
Total Pages : 407 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Advanced Experimental and Numerical Techniques for Cavitation Erosion Prediction by : Ki-Han Kim

Download or read book Advanced Experimental and Numerical Techniques for Cavitation Erosion Prediction written by Ki-Han Kim and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-08 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive treatment of the cavitation erosion phenomenon and state-of-the-art research in the field. It is divided into two parts. Part 1 consists of seven chapters, offering a wide range of computational and experimental approaches to cavitation erosion. It includes a general introduction to cavitation and cavitation erosion a detailed description of facilities and measurement techniques commonly used in cavitation erosion studies, an extensive presentation of various stages of cavitation damage (including incubation and mass loss) and insights into the contribution of computational methods to the analysis of both fluid and material behavior. The proposed approach is based on a detailed description of impact loads generated by collapsing cavitation bubbles and a physical analysis of the material response to these loads. Part 2 is devoted to a selection of nine papers presented at the International Workshop on Advanced Experimental and Numerical Techniques for Cavitation Erosion Prediction (Grenoble, France, 1-2 March 2011) representing the forefront of research on cavitation erosion. Innovative numerical and experimental investigations illustrate the most advanced breakthroughs in cavitation erosion research.

Cavitation

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Author :
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 1789846528
Total Pages : 162 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (898 download)

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Book Synopsis Cavitation by : Wojciech Borek

Download or read book Cavitation written by Wojciech Borek and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-11-28 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cavitation erosion is one of the most popular phenomena of the destruction of engineering materials working in water conditions and various kinds of liquids. The cavitation effect is defined as a physical effect, induced by a variable field of liquid pressures, where bubbles or other voids (caverns) - containing steams of a given liquid, gas, or a steam-gas mixture - are formed, expanded, and disappear. A better understanding of all aspects related to cavitation wear will allow for more thoughtful analysis in the selection of innovative engineering materials additionally protected by various technologies or techniques in the field of surface engineering, and optimization of the design of constructional elements used in the cavitation environment. The novelty of this book is the presentation of extensive knowledge related to cavitation, erosion, and how to protect engineering materials against this phenomenon supported by the results of thorough research by the authors.

Cavitation in Biomedicine

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Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 940177255X
Total Pages : 516 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Cavitation in Biomedicine by : Mingxi Wan

Download or read book Cavitation in Biomedicine written by Mingxi Wan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-08-29 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a systematic introduction to the engineering principles and techniques of cavitation in biomedicine on the basis of its physics and mechanism. Adopting an interdisciplinary approach, it covers areas of interest ranging from physics and engineering to the biological and medical sciences. Individual chapters introduce the fundamentals of cavitation, describe its characterization, control and imaging techniques, and present cavitation-enhanced thermal and mechanical effects and their applications. Intended as both a reference work for graduate students, and as a guide for scientists and engineers who work with cavitation in biomedicine, it provides a broad and solid foundation of knowledge. The aim is to bridge the different disciplines involved, and to promote cross-discipline research, thus encouraging innovations in the scientific research and engineering applications alike. Dr. Mingxi Wan is a professor at Department of Biomedical Engineering, Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China; Dr. Yi Feng works at Department of Biomedical Engineering, Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China; Dr. Gail ter Haar is a professor at The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surry, UK.

Cavitation and Impact Erosion

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Cavitation and Impact Erosion by : Phillip Eisenberg

Download or read book Cavitation and Impact Erosion written by Phillip Eisenberg and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Symposium on Cavitation Research Facilities and Techniques

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 212 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Symposium on Cavitation Research Facilities and Techniques by : John William Holl

Download or read book Symposium on Cavitation Research Facilities and Techniques written by John William Holl and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Fundamentals of Cavitation

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Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402022336
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Cavitation by : Jean-Pierre Franc

Download or read book Fundamentals of Cavitation written by Jean-Pierre Franc and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-22 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book treats cavitation, which is a unique phenomenon in the field of hyd- dynamics, although it can occur in any hydraulic machinery such as pumps, propellers, artificial hearts, and so forth. Cavitation is generated not only in water, but also in any kind of fluid, such as liquid hydrogen. The generation of cavitation can cause severe damage in hydraulic machinery. Therefore, the prevention of cavitation is an important concern for designers of hydraulic machinery. On the contrary, there is great potential to utilize cavitation in various important applications, such as environmental protection. There have been several books published on cavitation, including one by the same authors. This book differs from those previous ones, in that it is both more physical and more theoretical. Any theoretical explanation of the cavitation phenomenon is rather difficult, but the authors have succeeded in explaining it very well, and a reader can follow the equations easily. It is an advantage in reading this book to have some understanding of the physics of cavitation. Therefore, this book is not an introductory text, but a book for more advanced study. However, this does not mean that this book is too difficult for a beginner, because it explains the cavitation phenomenon using many figures. Therefore, even a beginner on cavitation can read and can understand what cavitation is. If the student studies through this book (with patience), he or she can become an expert on the physics of cavitation.

Fluid Dynamics of Cavitation and Cavitating Turbopumps

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Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9783211999202
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (992 download)

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Book Synopsis Fluid Dynamics of Cavitation and Cavitating Turbopumps by : Luca d'Agostino

Download or read book Fluid Dynamics of Cavitation and Cavitating Turbopumps written by Luca d'Agostino and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-10-19 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book focuses on the fluid dynamics of cavitation with special reference to high power density turbopumps, where it represents the major source of performance and life degradation. While covering the more fundamental aspects of cavitation and the main kinds of cavitating flows, there is focus on the hydrodynamics and instabilities of cavitating turbopumps. The book also illustrates the alternative approaches for modeling and engineering simulation of cavitating flows.

Cavitation

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Author :
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9789054107835
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (78 download)

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Book Synopsis Cavitation by : Yves Lecoffre

Download or read book Cavitation written by Yves Lecoffre and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1999-01-01 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text deals with the concept that cavitation is the main limitation to the performance of hydraulic components. Topics covered include the vaporization of liquids due to high velocities or pressure fluctuations, and the effects of cavitation on the performances of rotary machinery. One chapter is devoted to cavitation noise which concerns many users, including surface ships and submarines, and the author finishes with some examples of the use of cavitation and subject-specific measuring techniques.

Cavitation

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis Cavitation by :

Download or read book Cavitation written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Acoustic Cavitation Theory and Equipment Design Principles for Industrial Applications of High-intensity Ultrasound

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781617610936
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Acoustic Cavitation Theory and Equipment Design Principles for Industrial Applications of High-intensity Ultrasound by : Alexey S. Peshkovsky

Download or read book Acoustic Cavitation Theory and Equipment Design Principles for Industrial Applications of High-intensity Ultrasound written by Alexey S. Peshkovsky and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A multitude of useful physical and chemical processes promoted by ultrasonic cavitation have been described in laboratory studies. Industrial-scale implementation of the high-intensity ultrasound has, however, been hindered by several technological limitations, making it difficult to directly scale up the ultrasonic systems in order to transfer the results of the laboratory studies to the plant floor. High-capacity flow-through ultrasonic reactor systems required for commercial-scale processing of liquids can only be properly designed if the energy parameters of the cavitation region are correctly evaluated. Conditions which must be fulfilled to ensure an effective and continuous operation of an ultrasonic reactor system are provided in this book.