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Competition Policy Developing Countries And The Wto
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Book Synopsis Competition Policy, Developing Countries and the WTO by : Bernard M. Hoekman
Download or read book Competition Policy, Developing Countries and the WTO written by Bernard M. Hoekman and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1999 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developing countries have a great interest in pursuing active domestic competition policy but should do so independent of the World Trade Organization -- which they should use to improve market access through further reduction in direct barriers to trade in goods and services.
Book Synopsis Economic Development, Competition Policy, and the World Trade Organization by : Bernard M. Hoekman
Download or read book Economic Development, Competition Policy, and the World Trade Organization written by Bernard M. Hoekman and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2002 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the recent World Trade Organization (WTO) ministerial meeting in Doha, Qatar, WTO members called for the launch of negotiations on disciplines relating to competition based on explicit consensus on modalities to be agreed at the fifth WTO ministerial meeting in 2003. WTO discussions since 1997 have revealed little support for ambitious multilateral action. Proponents of the WTO antitrust disciplines currently propose an agreement that is limited to "core principles"-nondiscrimination, transparency, and provisions banning "hard core" cartels. The authors argue that an agreement along such lines will create compliance costs for developing countries without addressing the anticompetitive behavior of firms located in foreign jurisdictions. To be unambiguously beneficial to low-income countries, any WTO antitrust disciplines should recognize the capacity constraints that prevail in these economies, make illegal collusive business practices by firms with international operations that raise prices in developing country markets, and require competition authorities in high-income countries to take action against firms located in their jurisdictions to defend the interests of affected developing country consumers. More generally, a case is made that traditional liberalization commitments using existing WTO fora will be the most effective means of lowering prices and increasing access to an expanded variety of goods and services.
Book Synopsis Competition Policy, Developing Countries and the WTO. by : Bernard Hoekman
Download or read book Competition Policy, Developing Countries and the WTO. written by Bernard Hoekman and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses developing country interests regarding the inclusion of competition law disciplines in the WTO. Although developing countries have a great interest in pursuing an active domestic competition policy, this can and should be done independently of the WTO. Given the mercantilist basis of multilateral trade negotiations, the WTO is less likely to be a powerful instrument to encourage adoption of welfare-enhancing competition rules than it is as a forum for the abolition of border measures. Priority should therefore be given to pursuit of the traditional market access focus of the WTO?further reduction in direct barriers to trade in goods and services.
Book Synopsis Competition Policy and Intellectual Property in Today's Global Economy by : Robert D. Anderson
Download or read book Competition Policy and Intellectual Property in Today's Global Economy written by Robert D. Anderson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-08-05 with total page 925 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fast-evolving relationship between the promotion of welfare-enhancing competition and the balanced protection of intellectual property (IP) rights has attracted the attention of policymakers, analysts and scholars. This interest is inevitable in an environment that lays ever greater emphasis on the management of knowledge and innovation and on mechanisms to ensure that the public derives the expected social and economic benefits from this innovation and the spread of knowledge. This book looks at the positive linkage between IP and competition in jurisdictions around the world, surveying developments and policy issues from an international and comparative perspective. It includes analysis of key doctrinal and policy issues by leading academics and practitioners from around the globe and a cutting-edge survey of related developments across both developed and developing economies. It also situates current policy developments at the national level in the context of multilateral developments, at WIPO, WTO and elsewhere.
Book Synopsis Competition Policy and the Global Trading System by : Bernard M. Hoekman
Download or read book Competition Policy and the Global Trading System written by Bernard M. Hoekman and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Competition Policy, Developing Countries and the WTO by : Bernard M. Hoekman
Download or read book Competition Policy, Developing Countries and the WTO written by Bernard M. Hoekman and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Competition Law, Technology Transfer and the TRIPS Agreement by : Tu Thanh Nguyen
Download or read book Competition Law, Technology Transfer and the TRIPS Agreement written by Tu Thanh Nguyen and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2010-01-01 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book deals with a difficult subject with an assured touch and will be a valuable text for postgraduate students, policy-makers and practitioners. European Intellectual Property Review This is the first ever book that addresses the important issue of the competition law, intellectual property and trade interface in a developing world context. The book s unique contribution is a set of comparative case studies on this complex interface. D. Daniel Sokol, University of Florida Levin College of Law, US The book investigates competition law and international technology transfer in the light of the TRIPS Agreement and the experience of both developed and developing countries. On that basis, it draws relevant implications for developing countries. Tu Thanh Nguyen argues that technology transfer-related competition law should be glocalized appropriately for the needs of local contexts, while intellectual property rights (IPR) are globalized. The book reveals that developing countries, according to the TRIPS Agreement, have the right to use domestic competition law to promote access to technology in order to protect national interests and consumer welfare. However, competition law is antitrust. It is neither anti-IPR nor anti-trade. The author finds that developing countries with limited competition law resources should set realistic priorities for the control of technology transfer-related anti-competitive practices. They can reasonably apply and adapt relevant regulations, decisions and judgments from developed country jurisdictions to their own circumstances. Competition Law, Technology Transfer and the TRIPs Agreement is a timely resource for postgraduate students, practitioners, and scholars in international competition law, IPR, and technology transfer. Policymakers in the field of technology transfer-related competition law/policy, especially in developing countries, will also find this book invaluable.
Book Synopsis Competition Policy in the World Trade Organization by : Arnulf Gressel
Download or read book Competition Policy in the World Trade Organization written by Arnulf Gressel and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2007-08-24 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diploma Thesis from the year 2006 in the subject Law - European and International Law, Intellectual Properties, grade: 1,00, University of Salzburg (Völkerrecht), language: English, abstract: Die vorliegende Diplomarbeit behandelt das Problem der Regelung von Wettbewerbsfragen im Völkerrecht im allgemeinen und in der WTO im besonderen. In Kapitel 1 werden die wirtschaftlichen Hintergründe und unterschiedlichen Motive für staatliche wettbewerbsrechtliche Regelungen dargestellt. Kapitel 2 stellt verschiedene Tatbestände, die im Wettbewerbsrecht als regelungsbedürftig angesehen werden, vor (z.B. Kartelle, Missbrauch der marktbeherrschenden Stellung, etc.). Kapitel 3 beschreibt nationale Regelungsansätze des Wettbewerbsrechtes einschließlich bilateraler Kooperationsabkommen, die zur Durchsetzung nationaler Regelungen erforderlich sind. Besonderes Augenmerk wird auch auf die unterschiedlichen Rechtskulturen gelegt, die die nationalen Regelungen beeinflussen. Kapitel 4 stellt die bisherigen Regelungsansätze auf internationaler Ebene dar, wobei die auf regionaler Ebene verbindliches Recht darstellen, die auf universeller Ebene allerdings im Bereich des soft laws bleiben. Kapitel 5 und 6 stellen die Kernkapitel der Arbeit dar und befassen sich mit Wettbewerbsrecht im Rahmen der WTO. In Kapitel 5 werden bestehende wettbewernsrelevante Regelungen in der WTO dargestellt. Zunächst wird beschrieben, welche staatlichen Maßnahmen, die von der WTO Rechtsordnung erfasst sind, den Wettbewerb beeinflussen. In einem weiteren Schritt wird analysiert, welche WTO Regelungen Staaten verpflichten könnten, privates wettbewerbswidriges Handeln zu regulieren. Da die Regelungen der WTO grundsätzlich Verpflichtungen für Staaten enthalten, wettbewerbsrelevantes Verhalten aber von Unternehmen gesetzt werden, ist es notwendig, einen Zusammenhang zwischen dem Verhalten von Privaten und den staatlichen Verpflichtungen aus dem WTO Recht darzustellen. In Kapitel 6 wird schließlich die Diskussionen in
Book Synopsis Trade and Competition Policies Exploring the Ways Forward by : OECD
Download or read book Trade and Competition Policies Exploring the Ways Forward written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 1999-10-27 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the run-up to the November 1999 WTO Ministerial in Seattle, this conference proceedings explored the various options towards better coherence between trade and competition policies.
Book Synopsis Competition Policy and the Global Trading System: A Developing-Country Perspective by : Bernard M. Hoekman
Download or read book Competition Policy and the Global Trading System: A Developing-Country Perspective written by Bernard M. Hoekman and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: March 1997 The major options for encouraging trade competition and banning anticompetitive practices are unlikely to have much of a downside for developing countries. Those that are most advantageous are likely to be opposed by special interest groups in industrial countries. Starting in the late 1980s, policy makers and academics began increasingly to call for the development of multilateral discipline on anticompetitive practices. Some believe that falling trade barriers must be complemented by antitrust measures to ensure that foreign competition materializes; some believe that without multilateral discipline it would be impossible to limit the use of antidumping and related policies; and some believe that the exercise of market power by global multinationals requires a global code on competition. Efforts to establish multilateral disciplines on competition have resulted only in various codes of conduct, none of them legally enforceable. But prospects for negotiating an agreement improved with the recent decision at the first ministerial meeting of the World Trade Organization (WTO) to establish a working group on the topic. The author evaluates various options from the perspective of developing countries: agreeing to minimum standards for national antitrust laws; expanding the reach of the WTO provision on nullification and impairment to policies that restrict competition; granting the WTO a mandate to advocate competition; and doing nothing. He concludes that developing counties would benefit from and agreement that: - Bans price-fixing and market sharing. - Includes a ban on export cartels. - Initiates a process of replacing antidumping actions with enforcement of domestic competition laws. - Strengthens the WTO s mandate to advocate co nt may be quite difficult, however, as some of these elements will be opposed by various special-interest groups in industrial countries. This paper--a product of the International Trade Division, International Economics Department--draws on an earlier version of a paper presented at the seventh U.S.-Korea Academic Symposium, The Emerging WTO System and Perspectives from Asia, held in Ann Arbor, Michigan, August 28-30, 1996.
Book Synopsis Economic Development, Competition Policy, and the World Trade Organization by : Bernard Hoekman
Download or read book Economic Development, Competition Policy, and the World Trade Organization written by Bernard Hoekman and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the recent World Trade Organization (WTO) ministerial meeting in Doha, Qatar, WTO members called for the launch of negotiations on disciplines relating to competition based on explicit consensus on modalities to be agreed at the fifth WTO ministerial meeting in 2003. WTO discussions since 1997 have revealed little support for ambitious multilateral action. Proponents of the WTO antitrust disciplines currently propose an agreement that is limited to quot;core principlesquot; - nondiscrimination, transparency, and provisions banning quot;hard corequot; cartels. Hoekman and Mavroidis argue that an agreement along such lines will create compliance costs for developing countries without addressing the anticompetitive behavior of firms located in foreign jurisdictions. To be unambiguously beneficial to low-income countries, any WTO antitrust disciplines should recognize the capacity constraints that prevail in these economies, make illegal collusive business practices by firms with international operations that raise prices in developing country markets, and require competition authorities in high-income countries to take action against firms located in their jurisdictions to defend the interests of affected developing country consumers. More generally, a case is made that traditional liberalization commitments using existing WTO fora will be the most effective means of lowering prices and increasing access to an expanded variety of goods and services.This paper - a product of Trade, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to analyze quot;behind the borderquot; policies that affect international trade.
Book Synopsis Competition Policy in East Asia by : Erlinda M. Medalla
Download or read book Competition Policy in East Asia written by Erlinda M. Medalla and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited collection draws together papers on competition policy that were presented at the twenty-eighth conference of the Pacific Area Forum on Trade and Development (PAFTAD), held in Manila on 16th to 18th September 2002.
Book Synopsis Competition Policy, Developing Countries, and the World Trade Organization by : Bernard Hoekman
Download or read book Competition Policy, Developing Countries, and the World Trade Organization written by Bernard Hoekman and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developing countries have a great interest in pursuing active domestic competition policy but should do so independent of the World Trade Organization - which they should use to improve market access through further reduction in direct barriers to trade in goods and services.Hoekman and Holmes discuss developing country interests in including competition law disciplines in the World Trade Organization (WTO).Developing countries have a great interest in pursuing active domestic competition policy, they conclude, but should do so independent of the WTO.Given the mercantilist basis of multilateral trade negotiations, the WTO is less likely to be a powerful instrument for encouraging adoption of welfare-enhancing competition rules than it is to be a forum for abolishing cross-border measures.Developing countries should therefore give priority to using the WTO to improve market access - to further reduce direct barriers to trade in goods and services.This paper - a product of Trade, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to analyze issues that may be the subject of WTO negotiations. The authors may be contacted at [email protected] or [email protected].
Book Synopsis Developing Countries in the WTO Legal System by : Chantal Thomas
Download or read book Developing Countries in the WTO Legal System written by Chantal Thomas and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2009-04-15 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With contributions from some of the leading experts in international trade, law, and economics, Joel P. Trachtman and Chantal Thomas have compiled a comprehensive volume that looks at the positioning of developing countries within the WTO system. These chapters address some of the most pressing issues facing these countries, while reflecting on Robert E. Hudec's groundbreaking book, Developing Countries in the GATT Legal System. In his landmark contribution, Hudec argued against preferential and non-reciprocal treatment for developing countries. He did so on the basis of a combination of economic, political and legal insights that persuasively demonstrated that non-reciprocal treatment would not benefit developing countries. It is a testament to Hudec's legacy that his analysis is still the object of scholarly discussion more than 20 years later. The first part of this book evaluates the general situation of developing countries within the WTO. The second part examines market access and competition law within these countries. Lastly, it discusses the special arrangements these countries have with international financial institutions, the developing country's capacity to litigate, and an analysis of the country's level of participation in WTO dispute settlements.
Book Synopsis A Competition Policy for the WTO by : Philip Marsden
Download or read book A Competition Policy for the WTO written by Philip Marsden and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book analyse the market implications of the proposals to impose trade rules on competition law enforcement, and pro-competitive regulation on sectors directly, particularly in telecoms and distribution services. To prevent business practices from restricting trade, governments are considering how best to develop a global framework of competition rules. Formal proposals have been made for Members of the World Trade Organisation to undertake binding commitments to ban cartels, co-operate in international law enforcement and enforce their competition laws in a non-discriminatory manner. Philip Marsden recommends that the discussion and negotiation of competition rules at the WTO focus on the problem that is most relevant to the interaction of trade and competition policy. This is the frequent allegation that competition Authorities are tolerating exclusive business arrangements that appear to exclude competitors, and foreign competitors in particular. This allegation was at the heart of the Kodak/Fuji Film trade case about access to the Japanese market, and also underlies a continuing difference of view among trade and competition Authorities ; particularly on either side of the Atlantic ; about how successful companies should be allowed to be. The Author analyses these differences through a colourful and insightful examination of how the European Commission and the American antitrust Authorities reviewed the Boeing/McDonnell Douglas and GE/ Honeywell mergers.
Book Synopsis Competition and Development by : Susan P. Joekes
Download or read book Competition and Development written by Susan P. Joekes and published by IDRC (International Development Research Centre). This book was released on 2008 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book demonstrates the importance of true and fair competition to sustainable development and an effective marketplace, touching on issues of globalization, consumer welfare, cartels and monopolies, and trade liberalization. It provides an introduction to competition, and to competition law and policy in developing countries. It focuses on the practical problems faced in developing countries and the steps that have been and can be taken to overcome those problems. It is about anticompetitive practices as they occur in developing countries and the policies that governments and citizens can promote and implement to limit the impact of such practices." "The book will be of particular interest to consumer groups and NGOs, as well as to government officials, legislators, trade negotiators, and the judiciary. Educators, students, development professionals, and business groups will also find the book useful."--BOOK JACKET.
Book Synopsis Competition Policy and Intellectual Property in Today's Global Economy by : Robert D. Anderson
Download or read book Competition Policy and Intellectual Property in Today's Global Economy written by Robert D. Anderson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-08-05 with total page 925 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fast-evolving relationship between the promotion of welfare-enhancing competition and the balanced protection of intellectual property (IP) rights has attracted the attention of policymakers, analysts and scholars. This interest is inevitable in an environment that lays ever greater emphasis on the management of knowledge and innovation and on mechanisms to ensure that the public derives the expected social and economic benefits from this innovation and the spread of knowledge. This book looks at the positive linkage between IP and competition in jurisdictions around the world, surveying developments and policy issues from an international and comparative perspective. It includes analysis of key doctrinal and policy issues by leading academics and practitioners from around the globe and a cutting-edge survey of related developments across both developed and developing economies. It also situates current policy developments at the national level in the context of multilateral developments, at WIPO, WTO and elsewhere.
