Comparison Of Forest Water And Energy Exchange Models

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Comparison of Forest Water and Energy Exchange Models

Author : S Halldin
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0444601724
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (446 download)

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Book Synopsis Comparison of Forest Water and Energy Exchange Models by : S Halldin

Download or read book Comparison of Forest Water and Energy Exchange Models written by S Halldin and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comparison of Forest Water and Energy Exchange Models includes results of comparisons and tests on micrometeorological and hydrological models against independent field data gathered from an International Union of Forestry Research Organizations workshop. The comparisons are made using the SWECON computer by means of the ECODATA program package and the SIMP simulation package. This book is divided into four sections, covering data and computer facilities; atmospheric exchange and radiation models; soil water and interception models; and comparison of models. The first part includes discussion on the climatic data and databases; evapotranspiration measurements; instrumentation; data gathering and processing; the storage, retrieval and analysis of continuously recorded ecosystems data; and the SIMP-interactive mini-computer package for simulating dynamic and static models. The second part presents the MICROWEATHER simulation model that is applied to a forest; the energy exchange model of a pine forest canopy; the simulation of the quality and quantity of short-wave radiation within and above canopies; and the physical model to simulate energy exchange of plant canopies. The third part offers the model HEJMDAL, which simulates water state and flow in the soil-plant-atmosphere system; the water regime of forests and meadow model; the annual energy and water flow in a layered soil model; and the model ETFOREST for the calculation of the actual evapotranspiration. The last section presents a comparison of radiation models, energy exchange models, and interception models.

Comparison of Forest Water and Energy Exchange Models

Author : S. Halldin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9788787257183
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (571 download)

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Book Synopsis Comparison of Forest Water and Energy Exchange Models by : S. Halldin

Download or read book Comparison of Forest Water and Energy Exchange Models written by S. Halldin and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Comparison of Forest Water and Energy Exchange Models

Author : Sven Halldin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780444415158
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (151 download)

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Book Synopsis Comparison of Forest Water and Energy Exchange Models by : Sven Halldin

Download or read book Comparison of Forest Water and Energy Exchange Models written by Sven Halldin and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Comparison of Forest Water and Energy and Exchange Models ; Proceedings

Author : S. Halldin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780444415158
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (151 download)

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Book Synopsis Comparison of Forest Water and Energy and Exchange Models ; Proceedings by : S. Halldin

Download or read book Comparison of Forest Water and Energy and Exchange Models ; Proceedings written by S. Halldin and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

General Technical Report NC.

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 612 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis General Technical Report NC. by :

Download or read book General Technical Report NC. written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Proceedings, International Symposium, Frozen Soil Impacts on Agricultural, Range, and Forest Lands

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Proceedings, International Symposium, Frozen Soil Impacts on Agricultural, Range, and Forest Lands by :

Download or read book Proceedings, International Symposium, Frozen Soil Impacts on Agricultural, Range, and Forest Lands written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Methods for Environmental Monitoring in the Nordic Countries

Author :
Publisher : Nordic Council of Ministers
ISBN 13 : 8773033790
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (73 download)

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Book Synopsis Methods for Environmental Monitoring in the Nordic Countries by :

Download or read book Methods for Environmental Monitoring in the Nordic Countries written by and published by Nordic Council of Ministers. This book was released on 1989-01-01 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Miljørapport 1989:11

Variations in the Global Water Budget

Author : F.A. Street-Perrott
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400969546
Total Pages : 521 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Variations in the Global Water Budget by : F.A. Street-Perrott

Download or read book Variations in the Global Water Budget written by F.A. Street-Perrott and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: R.E. Newell President, International Commission on Climate International Association of Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics Water is the active ingredient in the global climatic system, its physical properties ensuring that it plays a major role. Its high thermal capacity provides a mechanism for moderating mid latitude winter temperatures; solar energy is absorbed by the surface layers of the middle latitude oceans in summer and is released to the atmosphere in winter as the ocean cools. The variation of saturation vapour pressure with temperature is the factor which causes oceanic surface temperatures at low latitudes to be limited by evaporation to values near 29°C, thereby limiting tropical marine air temperatures to about the same value. The substantial amount of energy involved in phase changes - the latent heat - governs the passage of solar energy to the atmo sphere; visible solar radiation is absorbed at the Earth's surface, energy is supplied to evaporate water and the latent heat is released to the atmosphere when and where condensation occurs, which is often a considerable distance from the source of the moisture. The infrared radiative characteristics of water vapour, namely the broad vibration-rotation bands typical of a triatomic molecule, permit it to act as the principal agent of energy loss from the atmosphere, throu?,h infrared radiation to space.

The Forest-Atmosphere Interaction

Author : B.A. Hutchison
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400953054
Total Pages : 683 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis The Forest-Atmosphere Interaction by : B.A. Hutchison

Download or read book The Forest-Atmosphere Interaction written by B.A. Hutchison and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 683 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effects of meteorological phenomena upon forest produc tivity and forestry operations have been of concern for many years. With the evolution of system-level studies of forest eco system structure and function in the International Biological Program and elsewhere, more fundamental interactions between forest ecosystems and the atmosphere received scientific atten tion but the emphasis on meteorological and climatological effects on forest processes remained. More recently, as recogni tion has developed of potential and actual problems associated with the atmospheric transport, dispersion, and deposition of airborne pollutants, the effects of forest canopies upon boundary-layer meteorological phenomena has come under scientific scrutiny. Looking to the future, with rising atmospheric con centrations of C02 and increasing competition for the finite fresh-water resources of the earth, interest in the role of forests in global C02 and water balances can also be expected to intensify. Thus, the nature of forest canopy-atmosphere interac tions, that is to say, the meteorological phenomena occurring in and above forest canopies, are of importance to a wide variety of scientific and social-issues. Demands for forest meteorological information currently exceed levels of knowledge and given the economic constraints of science in general and environmental sciences in particular, chances for major improvements in scien tific support in the near future are slim. Unfortunately, studies of environmental phenomena in and above forests are costly and logistically difficult. Trees, the ecological dominants of forest ecosystems, are the largest of all terrestrial organisms.

Subsurface Hydrological Responses to Land Cover and Land Use Changes

Author : Makoto Taniguchi
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461561418
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)

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Book Synopsis Subsurface Hydrological Responses to Land Cover and Land Use Changes by : Makoto Taniguchi

Download or read book Subsurface Hydrological Responses to Land Cover and Land Use Changes written by Makoto Taniguchi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since human beings first appeared on the earth, we have changed land cover and land use for our own purposes, such as conveniences and high productivity. As a result of the land cover and land use changes, many serious environmental problems occur on the earth. Studying meteorological and hydrological effects of vegetation and land cover/use changes helps us to understand the environmental changes and problems happening near the earth surface, because the vegetation distributes the solar energy and water on the earth surface into atmosphere and geosphere. Subsurface hydrological responses to land cover and land use changes have drawn only regional environmental concerns, although global change caused by biosphere change has been studied in various scientific fields. The changes in land cover and land use alter water, solute and heat cycles in basins and elements of those balances, including evapotranspiration, groundwater recharge rate, discharge rates into rivers or ocean and soil moisture content, which are directly or indirectly related to the global environmental issues. Therefore, the changes in biosphere may substantially alter the subsurface hydrological system. For instance, increased groundwater recharge rates following clearing forest into grasses might be one consequence resulting in rising water tables and salinization.

Soil Carbon in Sensitive European Ecosystems

Author : Robert Jandl
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119977673
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Soil Carbon in Sensitive European Ecosystems by : Robert Jandl

Download or read book Soil Carbon in Sensitive European Ecosystems written by Robert Jandl and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-10-20 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil Carbon in Sensitive European Ecosystems - From Science to Land Management is a comprehensive overview of the latest research in this field drawn together by a network of scientists from across Europe. Soil carbon assessments are crucial at present to our understanding of the dynamics of terrestrial ecosystems and our ability to assess implications for the global carbon exchange and its consequences on the future climate. This book focuses primarily on ecosystems and their soil carbon stocks. The book identifies three key sensitive ecosystems within Europe: Mediterranean Forest and Agricultural Systems; Mountains; and Peatland. Contributors include those currently working for the European research programme, COST Action 639 BurnOut (www.cost639.net; 2006-2010). COST Action 639 emerged from a demand from policy makers in Europe for more detailed information on soil carbon dynamics. The cooperation between experts for reporting and experts for soil dynamics is the focus of the book. This book seeks to provide an up-to-date account on the state-of-the-art research within this topical field.

Riverine Input to Coastal Areas

Author : Nordic Council Of Ministers Staff
Publisher : Nordic Council of Ministers
ISBN 13 : 9789291208432
Total Pages : 128 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Riverine Input to Coastal Areas by : Nordic Council Of Ministers Staff

Download or read book Riverine Input to Coastal Areas written by Nordic Council Of Ministers Staff and published by Nordic Council of Ministers. This book was released on 1996 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Sustainability of Irrigated Agriculture

Author : L.S. Pereira
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401587000
Total Pages : 607 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Sustainability of Irrigated Agriculture by : L.S. Pereira

Download or read book Sustainability of Irrigated Agriculture written by L.S. Pereira and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 607 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Irrigated agriculture and the use of water resources in agriculture face the challenges of sustainable development. Research has advanced our knowledge of water use by crops, soil-water-solutes interactions, and the engineering and managerial tools needed to mobilize, convey, distribute, control and apply water for agricultural production. However, the achievements booked in user practice have revealed the need for new developments in the areas of resource conservation, control of environmental and health impacts, modernisation of technologies and management, economic viability and the social acceptance of changes. The contributions to Sustainability of Irrigated Agriculture cover most of the relevant disciplines. Besides its multidisciplinarity, the different origins, experience, backgrounds and practices of the authors provide a wide, in-depth analysis of the various aspects of water resource utilization in agriculture. The papers review scientific, technical and managerial aspects, highlighting the main problems, issues and future developments. The book covers the different aspects of sustainability, including environmental, technical, economic, institutional and social ones. Advances in irrigation science and engineering are dealt with, both on- and off-farm. Special attention is paid to the different components of water quality management, to the transfer of technology, and to capacity building.

Conservation Tillage Systems and Water Productivity - Implications for Smallholder Farmers in Semi-Arid Ethiopia

Author : Melesse Temesgen Leye
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439828547
Total Pages : 132 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)

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Book Synopsis Conservation Tillage Systems and Water Productivity - Implications for Smallholder Farmers in Semi-Arid Ethiopia by : Melesse Temesgen Leye

Download or read book Conservation Tillage Systems and Water Productivity - Implications for Smallholder Farmers in Semi-Arid Ethiopia written by Melesse Temesgen Leye and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-07-18 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conservation tillage systems have been adopted by farmers in many countries to solve the problem of land degradation and declining water productivity. Direct application of such tillage systems has not been possible among resource-poor, smallholder farmers in semi-arid areas of Ethiopia. Problems such as the lack of rainfall, the costs of herbicide

Nitrogen, the Confer-N-s

Author : K. van der Hoek
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080984681
Total Pages : 813 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Nitrogen, the Confer-N-s by : K. van der Hoek

Download or read book Nitrogen, the Confer-N-s written by K. van der Hoek and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 813 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The First International Nitrogen Conference provided an opportunity for researchers and decision-makers to exchange information on environmental pollution by nitrogen compounds on three scales: global, continental/regional and local. The main topics were air, ground water and surface water pollution; emission sources, atmospheric chemistry, deposition processes and effects; disturbance of nitrogen cycles, critical loads and levels; assessments, policy development and evaluation; target groups and abatement techniques; and new approaches leading to an integrated abatement strategy.The peer-reviewed papers from the Conference presented in this volume will provide readers with a comprehensive review of the transport, deposition and impact on ecosystems of nitrogen.

Energy and Matter Fluxes of a Spruce Forest Ecosystem

Author : Thomas Foken
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319493892
Total Pages : 530 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis Energy and Matter Fluxes of a Spruce Forest Ecosystem by : Thomas Foken

Download or read book Energy and Matter Fluxes of a Spruce Forest Ecosystem written by Thomas Foken and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-27 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on fluxes of energy, carbon dioxide and matter in and above a Central European spruce forest. The transition from a forest affected by acid rain into a heterogeneous forest occurred as a result of wind throw, bark beetles and climate change. Scientific results obtained over the last 20 years at the FLUXNET site DE-Bay (Waldstein-Weidenbrunnen) are shown together with methods developed at the site, including the application of footprint models for data-quality analysis, the coupling between the trunk space and the atmosphere, the importance of the Damköhler number for trace gas studies, and the turbulent conditions at a forest edge. In addition to the many experimental studies, the book also applies model studies such as higher-order closure models, Large-Eddy Simulations, and runoff models for the catchment and compares them with the experimental data. Moreover, by highlighting processes in the atmosphere it offers insights into the functioning of the ecosystem as a whole. It is of interest to ecologists, micrometeorologists and ecosystem modelers.

Terrain Analysis

Author : John P. Wilson
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 9780471321880
Total Pages : 522 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (218 download)

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Book Synopsis Terrain Analysis by : John P. Wilson

Download or read book Terrain Analysis written by John P. Wilson and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2000-08-03 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dieses Buch untersucht, welchen Einfluß Landschaftsformen, insbesondere Höhenunterschiede, auf die an der Erdoberfläche ablaufenden Prozesse haben. Wasserbewegungen, die Sonneneinstrahlung sowie die Bodenentwicklung und -erosion werden alle mehr oder minder durch die Form der Landschaftsoberfläche gesteuert. Die Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der Landschaftsanalyse sind vielfältig: Sie reichen von Studien über Wasserscheiden und Feuchtgebiete über Bodenkunde und Erosionsstudien, Landschafts- und Landnutzungsstudien bis zu geomorphologischer Forschung und regionalen und globalen Ökologiestudien. Darüber hinaus kann die Landschaftsanalyse auch zu meteorologischen Vorhersagen sowie bei Problemen mit TV- oder Radiosignalempfang eingesetzt werden. Dieses Forschungsgebiet hat in Verbindung mit den jüngsten Fortschritten auf dem Gebiet der GIS und GPS eine rasante Entwicklung durchlaufen. In diesem Band werden alle diese neuen Ansätze und Anwendungsbereiche umfassend erläutert. (y05/00)