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Combinatorial Autoantibodies Against Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex E2 Pdc E2 In Primary Biliary Cirrhosis Pbc
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Book Synopsis Combinatorial Autoantibodies Against Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex - E2 (PDC-E2) in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC). by : Sanghoon Cha
Download or read book Combinatorial Autoantibodies Against Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex - E2 (PDC-E2) in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC). written by Sanghoon Cha and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Electrophile-induced Anti-mitochondrial Antibody and Its Role in the Pathogenesis of Primary Biliary Cirrhosis by : Phornnop Naiyanetr
Download or read book Electrophile-induced Anti-mitochondrial Antibody and Its Role in the Pathogenesis of Primary Biliary Cirrhosis written by Phornnop Naiyanetr and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is an autoimmune liver disease characterized by the presence of anti-mitochondrial antibodies (AMAs) and the destruction of small intrahepatic bile ducts. To date, the etiopathogenesis of PBC and the roles of AMAs are still unclear. We hypothesize that in genetically susceptible individuals, environmental factors, such as xenobiotics, may play a role in initiating the breakdown of self-tolerance to the inner lipoyl domain of E2 component of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC-E2), a major autoantigen in PBC. This loss of self-tolerance then leads to the production of AMAs and cellular components of effector mechanisms that specifically target biliary epithelial cells (BECs) due to their unique physiobiology, including polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) expression. Herein, we demonstrate that electophile-modified-S-S-structure of lipoic acid coupled to a 15mer of PDC-E2 peptide elicits strikingly AMA reactivity when probed with AMA-positive PBC sera but not with any control sera. Interestingly, several electrophilic agents, including acetaminphen (APAP) and its metabolites, have the potential to modify this S-S structure of lipoic acid and transient AMAs have been shown in a small group of patients with APAP toxicity. Therefore, we immunized C57BL/6 mice with such compounds conjugated or mixed with bovine serum albumin (BSA). Importantly, some of these mice exhibited transient AMAs or biliary specific lymphocytic infiltrates comparable to the liver pathology in autoimmune cholangitis. Additionally, we utilized the newly characterized IgA AMA obtained from a PBC patient with a rare monoclonal gammopathy sydrome (POEMS) to demonstrate that IgA AMA co-localized with PDC-E2 during transcytosis through pIgR in human BECs. These findings further emphasize the role of AMA in the pathogenesis of PBC. In summary, these data suggest the intriguing hypothesis that common electrophilic agents, i.e. acetaminophen or its metabolites, in genetically susceptible individuals may lead to xenobiotic modification of PDC-E2 that results in the generation of AMAs and ultimately clinical PBC.
Book Synopsis Molecular and Serologic Characterization of the Autoantigens of Primary Biliary Cirrhosis by : Jill Marie Turchany
Download or read book Molecular and Serologic Characterization of the Autoantigens of Primary Biliary Cirrhosis written by Jill Marie Turchany and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :Edward L. Krawitt Publisher :Elsevier Science Health Science Division ISBN 13 :9780444828033 Total Pages :656 pages Book Rating :4.8/5 (28 download)
Book Synopsis Autoimmune Liver Diseases by : Edward L. Krawitt
Download or read book Autoimmune Liver Diseases written by Edward L. Krawitt and published by Elsevier Science Health Science Division. This book was released on 1998 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition, which appears seven years after the first, is a more comprehensive text and addresses the many recent advances in basic and clinical science applicable to autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cirrhosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, and autoimmune aspects of viral-, drug- and alcohol-induced liver disease and hepatocellular cancer. Pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment are discussed in depth in light of current understanding of the molecular mechanisms of autoimmunity as it applies to liver disease.
Book Synopsis Autoantibodies by : Yehuda Shoenfeld
Download or read book Autoantibodies written by Yehuda Shoenfeld and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-10-13 with total page 898 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Autoantibodies was published and presented in November 2006 at the International Congress of Autoimmunity in Sorrento, a small town in Campania, Italy. The Congress also celebrated the 100th anniversary of the first routine test for autoantibodies. An autoantibody is a type of antibody that is produced by the immune system and that fights one or more of a person's own proteins. These autoantibodies cause autoimmune diseases such as lupus erythematosus. The authors and editors of this book provide a critical review of autoantibodies and their primary functions. They cite a number of major developments in the field of autoantibodies, including the detection of autoantibodies in which a healthy person is a carrier; the discovery that autoantibodies can be both pathogenic and protective in some cases; and the development of a device that will help monitor and detect a specific autoantibody using a small amount of serum and proteomic arrays. Aside from the pathogenic and protective autoantibodies, the book also discusses irrelevant autoantibodies, as these may be relevant for future research. It also addresses the importance of the autoantibodies in a person's body. Clinical physicians, as well as scientists interested in the significance of autoantibodies in the human body, will find this book relevant. It will also be of interest to those who suffer from an autoimmune disease. - Incudes and exhaustive list of autoantibodies not covered by other publications - Short reviews can easily be checked for quick reference information - Both basic and clinical aspects are covered
Book Synopsis Primary Biliary Cirrhosis by : Keith D. Lindor
Download or read book Primary Biliary Cirrhosis written by Keith D. Lindor and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The condition of prolonged obstructive jaundice with patent bile ducts was first described in 1851 by Addison and Gull of Guy's Hospital, London. The term primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) was defined in 1950 by Ahrens and colleagues of the Rockefeller Institute, New York. The condition was considered rare but this changed in 1965 with the discovery of a definitive diagnostic serum mitochondrial antibody test and the recognition that a raised serum alkaline phosphatase value, often discovered incidentally, could be a diagnostic pointer. If the diagnosis is made earlier, the end stages are rarely reached as death is replaced by liver transplantation. On November 6th 1997, in Chicago, an International Faculty discussed in depth the clinical features, pathogenesis and treatment of PBC, no longer considered a rare disease. The course of PBC is long, but some 18 years after the discovery of a positive mitochondrial antibody test in a symptom free patient with normal serum biochemistry, 83% will have developed abnormal tests and 76% will be symptomatic. Identification of those who will progress rapidly is difficult. The serum antimitochondrial profile may be useful but this is a very specialist technique. Mathematical prognostic models are useful in therapeutic trials and in the selection and timing of patients for liver transplantation but have limited value in individual patients. An increasing serum bilirubin level remains the most important indicator of rapid progression. Its value however can be negated by the use of ursodeoxycholic acid which has a bilirubin-lowering effect.
Book Synopsis The Pathophysiology of Biliary Epithelia by : Gianfranco Alpini
Download or read book The Pathophysiology of Biliary Epithelia written by Gianfranco Alpini and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-02-03 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a comprehensive review of the biliary epithelia pathophysiology. Biliary epithelial cells (also referred to as cholangiocytes) line the intra- and extrahepatic bile ducts. Cholangiocytes have immerged in the last several years as one of the more important epithelial cells in the gastrointestinal system due to their large contribution to bile formation and tendency to be involved in human diseases. The book’s 35 chapters represent a nearly complete review of the function and disease of bile ducts. The gestational development of bile ducts is shown to be a complex interaction between hepatocyte and biliary precursors. The structure of bile ducts can be defined by ultrastructural studies and by 3D reconstruction studies which show that the bile duct system resembles a tree. The array of membrane transporters and channels involved in ductal absorption and secretion of water and electrolytes is reviewed. Like other gastrointestinal epithelial cells, the physiologic responses of cholangiocytes are regulated by hormones, nerve input, cytokines, factors in bile and intracellular signals (e.g., cyclic AMP and intracellular calcium). The potential role of the cholangiocyte in production of collagen in cholestatic liver disease is discussed. A number of important models used in the study of cholangiocyte physiology and reactions to injury are reviewed. Finally the relationships between the cholangiocyte responses and human liver diseases are discussed. While many basic scientists and hepatologists who devote their careers to the study of the liver will find this book useful, the intended audience of this book is the more heterogeneous group of individuals who study clinical and/ or basic science digestive physiology and due to their interest in epithelial function will find the cutting edge information in this book both enlightening and useful to their progression of their work.
Book Synopsis Manual of Molecular and Clinical Laboratory Immunology by : Barbara Detrick
Download or read book Manual of Molecular and Clinical Laboratory Immunology written by Barbara Detrick and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-07-16 with total page 1240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: THE authoritative guide for clinical laboratory immunology For over 40 years the Manual of Molecular and Clinical Laboratory Immunology has served as the premier guide for the clinical immunology laboratory. From basic serology testing to the present wide range of molecular analyses, the Manual has reflected the exponential growth in the field of immunology over the past decades. This eighth edition reflects the latest advances and developments in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with infectious and immune-mediated disorders. The Manual features detailed descriptions of general and specific methodologies, placing special focus on the interpretation of laboratory findings, and covers the immunology of infectious diseases, including specific pathogens, as well as the full range of autoimmune and immunodeficiency diseases, cancer, and transplantation. Written to guide the laboratory director, the Manual will also appeal to other laboratory scientists, especially those working in clinical immunology laboratories, and pathologists. It is also a useful reference for physicians, mid-level providers, medical students, and allied health students with an interest in the role that immunology plays in the clinical laboratory.
Book Synopsis Cholestatic Liver Disease by : Elizabeth J. Carey
Download or read book Cholestatic Liver Disease written by Elizabeth J. Carey and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-18 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the publication of the first edition, there have been advances in both the diagnosis and the management of many of the cholestatic liver diseases. Cholestatic Liver Disease, Second Edition thoroughly updates the topics previously addressed, such as primary biliary cirrhosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis and cholestatic variants of drug hepatotoxicity and viral disease. New treatments, such as the development of the farnesoid X receptor agonists for the treatment of PBC, are highlighted. Current guidelines and areas of uncertainty are also covered. Additionally, new chapters have been added to reflect the changing landscape of cholestatic liver disease. Cholestatic Liver Disease, Second Edition is a concise yet comprehensive summary of the current status of the field and is of value to clinicians and researchers interested in patients with cholestatic liver disease provide that will help to guide patient management and stimulate investigative efforts.
Book Synopsis Immunology and Liver by : M.P. Manns
Download or read book Immunology and Liver written by M.P. Manns and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1992, the Falk Symposium No. 70 dealt with the topic `Immunology and Liver'. At that time basic mechanisms of immunology as well as immunopathogenetic mechanisms in viral and autoimmune liver diseases were discussed. Now, 7 years later, the Falk Symposium No. 114, held in Basel, Switzerland, October 20-21 1999 (Part I of the Basel Liver Week 1999), focused on immunology in autoimmune liver diseases. In the first section basic mechanisms of autoimmunity are presented, including the relevance of superantigens and the role of apoptosis. A further topic is the latest developments concerning animal models for autoimmune diseases. Recently the International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group newly defined and reclassified the syndrome of autoimmune hepatitis. Autoimmune hepatitis is now identified and studied in all parts of the world, including Asia and South America. A special variant of autoimmune hepatitis was identified as one organ manifestation of the autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1, a genetic disease caused by mutations in a single transcription factor. Drug- and hepatitis-virus induced immune mediated liver diseases may serve as models for nonhepatic immune mediated disorders. DNA technology has increased our knowledge of the immunogenetic background of autoimmune liver diseases. Among the cholestatic immune mediated liver diseases, significant progress has been made concerning primary biliary cirrhosis, in particular regarding the identification of mitochondrial antigens and the characterisation of the immune reactions directed at them. The involvement of infectious agents in PBC as well as the definition of overlap syndromes is a particular focus for basic and clinical research in this area. Concerning the therapy of autoimmune liver diseases, corticosteroids and azathioprin remain the state of the art for autoimmune hepatitis, while bile acids have become well established in treatment of primary biliary cirrhosis as well as primary sclerosing cholangitis. New drugs in the future will include topical steroids such as budesonide and new immunosuppressive agents like mofetil/mycophenolate. Liver transplantation is the treatment of choice for end stage liver diseases; all autoimmune liver diseases are among the best candidates for liver transplantation. Hopefully, new therapeutic strategies based on the results obtained from experimental models will become everyday clinical practice in the next decade. Therefore this symposium concludes with a discussion.
Book Synopsis Idiotypes in Medicine: Autoimmunity, Infection and Cancer by : R.C. Kennedy
Download or read book Idiotypes in Medicine: Autoimmunity, Infection and Cancer written by R.C. Kennedy and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1997-11-19 with total page 557 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the most comprehensive review of the idiotypic network available. All the current knowledge of idiotypes of the various antibodies is incorporated in this volume. The pathogenic role of idiotypes in autoimmunity and cancer is reviewed in depth. The therapeutic part focusses on harnessing anti-idiotypes for treating autoimmunological disorders, and on the employment of idiotypes for vaccines in cancer and infectious diseases, as well as explaining the manipulation of the idiotypic network in autoimmunity and cancer idiotypes and vaccines.
Book Synopsis Liver Immunology by : M. Eric Gershwin
Download or read book Liver Immunology written by M. Eric Gershwin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-19 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Liver Immunology: Principles and Practice, Second Edition begins with important information about the epidemiology and mortality of liver disease worldwide. This information is followed by chapters related to basic immunology, application of liver immunology for diagnosis, and several excellent chapters that provide a solid foundation for understanding immune-mediated liver disease, including those associated with the biliary tree. A chapter on non-hepatic manifestations of immune mediated liver disease helps provide context for how these diseases affect the patient overall. In addition, chapters discuss various discrete immunologically-mediated infectious liver disorders including those related to bacteria, parasites, and all of the classic viruses. Chapters on the traditional autoimmune liver diseases -- primary biliary cirrhosis, autoimmune hepatitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis as well as overlap syndrome – are also included. The breadth of this comprehensive second edition is highlighted by chapters on alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and drug-induced liver disease, among others. This invaluable new edition ends with a forward-looking view of future directions and how the field might meet the challenge of refractory patients. Developed by a renowned group of authors, Liver Immunology: Principles and Practice, Second Edition will again serve as a comprehensive textbook by providing an excellent overview for this rapidly evolving field. It greatly adds to the understanding of the pathogenesis of these diseases, while also providing novel insights that can be harnessed into helping improve the care of patients afflicted with various immune-mediated diseases. This volume will again be a must-read for clinicians at all levels, investigators and students.
Book Synopsis The Decade of Autoimmunity by : Yehuda Shoenfeld
Download or read book The Decade of Autoimmunity written by Yehuda Shoenfeld and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1999-02-15 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a direct result of 10 years of the well-known "Autoimmunity Days" in Israel, which are increasingly becoming an international focal point for autoimmunity scientists. Top researchers provide coverage of the most important knowledge generated during the last decade. The volume can therefore be seen almost as a textbook on autoimmunity, projecting from the last decade to the next millennium. A variety of different subjects in autoimmunity, from etiology to pathogenesis, from postulated mechanisms to innovative therapeutic modalities, is handled by noted contributors, while additional authors contribute top papers which significantly enhance a better understanding of autoimmunity. An excellent treatise on the subject, and a worthwhile addition to both clinical and research libraries.
Book Synopsis Liver Disease in Clinical Practice by : Tim Cross
Download or read book Liver Disease in Clinical Practice written by Tim Cross and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-09 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This pocket guide covers the common manifestations of liver disease, how to treat them and when to refer patients on to specialist centers. The book outlines the common clinical liver diseases such as fatty liver disease and hepatitis, among others, and their current up to date management. Written by experts in the field and containing figures and tables, as well as case histories and questions, this is an enjoyable and reader-friendly book for the busy physician. With its authoritative, didactic style and short chapters, it covers the common presentations and complications of liver disease, and how to deal with them. Given the increasing prevalence of liver disease in the UK and throughout Western Europe, this is an ideal reference book for primary care physicians, doctors in specialist training, clinical nurse specialists and for gastroenterologists, who see patients with liver disease in their working lives.
Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 1416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Handbook of Liver Disease by : Lawrence Samuel Friedman
Download or read book Handbook of Liver Disease written by Lawrence Samuel Friedman and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here's instant access to the symptoms, signs, differential diagnosis, and treatment for the full range of liver disorders. Written by an international 'who's who' of hepatology-and now in full color-this new 2nd Edition provides readers with top-notch, authoritative guidance they can count on! Discusses the hottest topics in the field, such as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and the latest information on liver transplantation. Includes expanded coverage of chronic hepatitis C, most notably the use of combination therapy with peginterferon and ribavirin and improvements in the management of the side effects of antiviral therapy. Offers the most recent therapeutic options for the management of chronic hepatitis B and advances in the understanding of the molecular biology of this virus. Updates the approach to the diagnosis of many liver diseases due to newer tests based on molecular techniques and advances in imaging. Features over 340 full-color illustrations. Uses a redesigned templated, outline format that makes reference a snap. Presents a concise, in-depth clinical summary-in an outline format-of the current practice of hepatology for each major disease entity. Provides a liberal use of tables, algorithms, and figures, rendering complex concepts understandable. Includes key point boxes at the beginning of each chapter, providing at-a-glance access to vital information. Includes alert symbols that highlight information that's critical to patient safety.
Book Synopsis Disease-specific Autoantigens in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis by : Christopher Todd Migliaccio
Download or read book Disease-specific Autoantigens in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis written by Christopher Todd Migliaccio and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
