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Cognitive And Neural Mechanisms Of Episodic Memory Reactivation
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Book Synopsis Cognitive and Neural Mechanisms of Episodic Memory Reactivation by : María del Carmen Martín-Buro García de Dionisio
Download or read book Cognitive and Neural Mechanisms of Episodic Memory Reactivation written by María del Carmen Martín-Buro García de Dionisio and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Episodic memory is the result of highly dynamic processing. After encoding, the memory trace undergoes a set of transformations that range from the unconscious replay during waking rest periods to the full-blown reactivation that gives rise to our experience of recollection. The literature review reveals that, despite our knowledge of the neocortical-hippocampal circuits involved, their brain oscillatory mechanisms remain unclear. Objective The main goal of this doctoral thesis is to track episodic memory reactivation during consolidation and retrieval by means of its oscillatory signatures. Explicitly, we aim to unveil how their underlying neural mechanisms unfold over time and space to coordinate behaviour...
Book Synopsis Cognitive Neuroscience of Memory Consolidation by : Nikolai Axmacher
Download or read book Cognitive Neuroscience of Memory Consolidation written by Nikolai Axmacher and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-09 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume provides an overview the state-of-the-art in the field of cognitive neuroscience of memory consolidation. In a number of sections, the editors collect contributions of leading researchers . The topical focus lies on current issues of interest such as memory consolidation including working and long-term memory. In particular, the role of sleep in relation to memory consolidation will be addressed. The target audience primarily comprises research experts in the field of cognitive neuroscience but the book may also be beneficial for graduate students.
Book Synopsis Behavioral Neuroscience of Learning and Memory by : Robert E. Clark
Download or read book Behavioral Neuroscience of Learning and Memory written by Robert E. Clark and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-03-27 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ‘Behavioral Neuroscience of Learning and Memory’ brings together the opinions and expertise of some of the world’s foremost neuroscientists in the field of learning and memory research. The volume provides a broad coverage of contemporary research and thinking in this field, focusing both on well established topics such as the medial temporal lobe memory system, as well as emerging areas of research such as the role of memory in decision making and the mechanisms of perceptual learning. Key intersecting themes include the molecular and cellular mechanisms of memory formation, the multiplicity of memory systems in the brain, and the way in which technological innovation is driving discovery. Unusually for a volume of this kind, this volume brings together research from both humans and animals—often relatively separate areas of discourse—to give a more comprehensive and integrated view of the field. The book will be of interest to both established researchers who wish to broaden their knowledge of topics outside of their specific areas of expertise, and for students who need a resource to help them make sense of the vast scientific literature on this subject.
Book Synopsis Memory Reconsolidation by : Cristina M. Alberini
Download or read book Memory Reconsolidation written by Cristina M. Alberini and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-03-18 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As little as 10 years ago, it was believed that memory went from short to long term via one consolidation practice that made that memory intractable. Since then, research has shown that long-term memories can be activated, modified, and reconsolidated in their new form. This research indicates that memories are more dynamic than once believed. And understanding how this process works and helping people to redefine established memories can be clinically useful if those memories lead to problems, as is the case in post-traumatic stress disorder. This book provides a comprehensive overview of research on memory reconsolidation; what this has to say about the formation, storage, and changeability of memory; and the potential applications of this research to treating clinical disorders. Presents both neuroscience and psychological research on memory reconsolidation Discusses what findings mean for understanding memory formation, storage, and retrieval Includes treatment applications of these findings
Book Synopsis Neural Mechanisms of Episodic Memory Formation by : Nicole Marie Long
Download or read book Neural Mechanisms of Episodic Memory Formation written by Nicole Marie Long and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to remember what you had for breakfast today, you must rely on episodic memory, the memory for personal events situated within a spatiotemporal context. In this dissertation, I use electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings to measure the neural correlates of successful episodic memory formation. The recorded EEG signals simultaneously sample local field potentials throughout the brain, and can be analyzed in terms of specific time-varying oscillatory or spectral components of neural activity which are thought to reflect the concerted activity of neuronal populations. I collected EEG recordings while participants engage in free recall, an episodic memory task during which participants must study and then recall a list of items. In the first chapter, I compare the spectral correlates during encoding of items later remembered to those later forgotten using two separate recording modalities, scalp and intracranial EEG. I find that memory formation is characterized by broad low frequency spectral power decreases and high frequency power increases across both datasets, suggesting that scalp EEG can resolve high frequency activity (HFA) and that low frequency decreases in intracranial EEG are unlikely due to pathology. In the next chapter, I connect these HFA increases to memory-specific processes by comparing study items based on how they are recalled, not whether they are recalled. I find increased HFA in left lateral cortex and hippocampus during the encoding of subsequently clustered items, those items recalled consecutively with their study neighbors at test. The precise time course of these results suggests that context updating mechanisms and item-to-context associative mechanisms support successful memory formation. In the third chapter, I measure how the formation of these episodic associations is modulated by pre-existing semantic associations by including a semantic orienting task during the encoding interval. I find that semantic processing interferes with the formation of new, episodic memories. In the final chapter, I show that the memory benefit for emotionally valenced items is better explained by a contextual mechanism than an attentional mechanism. Together, my work supports the theory that contextual encoding associative mechanisms, reflected by HFA increases in the memory network, support memory formation.
Book Synopsis How We Remember by : Michael E. Hasselmo
Download or read book How We Remember written by Michael E. Hasselmo and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2013-08-16 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A novel perspective on the biological mechanisms of episodic memory, focusing on the encoding and retrieval of spatiotemporal trajectories. Episodic memory proves essential for daily function, allowing us to remember where we parked the car, what time we walked the dog, or what a friend said earlier. In How We Remember, Michael Hasselmo draws on recent developments in neuroscience to present a new model describing the brain mechanisms for encoding and remembering such events as spatiotemporal trajectories. He reviews physiological breakthroughs on the regions implicated in episodic memory, including the discovery of grid cells, the cellular mechanisms of persistent spiking and resonant frequency, and the topographic coding of space and time. These discoveries inspire a theory for understanding the encoding and retrieval of episodic memory not just as discrete snapshots but as a dynamic replay of spatiotemporal trajectories, allowing us to "retrace our steps" to recover a memory. In the main text of the book, he presents the model in narrative form, accessible to scholars and advanced undergraduates in many fields. In the appendix, he presents the material in a more quantitative style, providing mathematical descriptions appropriate for advanced undergraduates and graduate students in neuroscience or engineering.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Episodic Memory by : Ekrem Dere
Download or read book Handbook of Episodic Memory written by Ekrem Dere and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-09-04 with total page 647 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Episodic memory is the name of the kind of memory that records personal experiences instead of the mere remembering of impersonal facts and rules. This type of memory is extremely sensitive to ageing and disease so an understanding of the mechanisms of episodic memory might lead to the development of therapies suited to improve memory in some patient populations. Episodic memory is unique in that it includes an aspect of self-awareness and helps us to remember who we are in terms of what we did and what we have been passed through and what we should do in the future. This book brings together a renowned team of contributors from the fields of cognitive psychology, neuropsychology and behavioural and molecular neuroscience. It provides a detailed and comprehensive overview of recent developments in understanding human episodic memory and animal episodic-like memory in terms of concepts, methods, mechanisms, neurobiology and pathology. The work presented within this book will have a profound effect on the direction that future research in this topic will take. The first and most current comprehensive handbook on what we know about episodic memory, the memory of events, time, place, and emotion, and a key feature of awareness and consciousness Articles summarize our understanding of the mechanisms of episodic memory as well as surveying the neurobiology of epsidodic memory in patients, animal studies and functional imaging work Includes 34 heavily illustrated chapters in two sections by the leading scientists in the field
Book Synopsis The Confabulating Mind by : Armin Schnider
Download or read book The Confabulating Mind written by Armin Schnider and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition gives an up-to-date account of the causes, anatomical basis, and mechanisms of confabulations. It traces the history of the phenomenon of false memories, considers a range of clinical cases, and makes important recommendations for future study. It is essential for neurologists, psychiatrists, and cognitive neuroscientists.
Book Synopsis The Development of Implicit and Explicit Memory by : Carolyn K. Rovee-Collier
Download or read book The Development of Implicit and Explicit Memory written by Carolyn K. Rovee-Collier and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the only book that examines the theory and data on the development of implicit and explicit memory. It first describes the characteristics of implicit and explicit memory (including conscious recollection) and tasks used with adults to measure them. Next, it reviews the brain mechanisms thought to underlie implicit and explicit memory and the studies with amnesics that initially prompted the search for different neuroanatomically-based memory systems. Two chapters review the Jacksonian (first in, last out) principle and empirical evidence for the hierarchical appearance and dissolution of two memory systems in animal models (rats, nonhuman primates), children, and normal/amnesic adults. Two chapters examine memory tasks used with human infants and evidence of implicit and explicit memory during early infancy. Three final chapters consider structural and processing accounts of adult memory dissociations, their applicability to infant memory dissociations, and implications of infant data for current concepts of implicit and explicit memory. (Series B)
Book Synopsis Neural Mechanisms of Real-World Episodic Memory Retrieval: Investigations Using Functional Neuroimaging, Brain Stimulation, and Wearable Camera Technology by : Tiffany Chow
Download or read book Neural Mechanisms of Real-World Episodic Memory Retrieval: Investigations Using Functional Neuroimaging, Brain Stimulation, and Wearable Camera Technology written by Tiffany Chow and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advancements in neuroimaging and brain stimulation techniques have provided unique opportunities to further understand the neural mechanisms of episodic memory retrieval. The act of retrieving information about a past experience is known to depend on the coordinated engagement of a broad networks of regions, including frontal lobe regions such as the rostrolateral prefrontal cortex (RLPFC) and medial temporal lobe areas such as the hippocampus (Cabeza & St. Jacques, 2007; Maguire & Mummery, 1999; Reynolds, McDermott, & Braver, 2006). Although much of the field's extant knowledge has been derived from studies assessing memories formed in laboratory-based settings, the incorporation of life-logging technology - such as wearable digital camera devices - can assist with the nonintrusive photographic capture of everyday life events, which can later be employed as mnemonic probes. The experiments in this dissertation aim to assess the neural mechanisms mediating real-world episodic retrieval by employing naturalistic stimuli to elicit memories for personal experiences. This dissertation begins with a broad overview of the behavioral and neural findings derived from memory experiments incorporating wearable camera technology, followed by novel examinations of the neural correlates underlying real-world events through the use of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS). Chapter 2 featured an in-depth review of prior applications of wearable digital cameras to behavioral and neuroimaging assessments of autobiographical memory retrieval as well as how their contributions expand knowledge of such processes to naturalistic settings. Chapters 3-5 report the results of a series of fMRI investigations examining recall of events from the real world and how they may differ across mnemonic features related to the original experiential source of the event, the recognition of the event based on previously encountering photographs of those experiences, and the temporal order of the event details. Chapter 3 found that dissociable patterns of neural activation were evoked in brain networks previously implicated in either autobiographical or laboratory-based memory retrieval (McDermott, Szpunar, & Christ, 2009), such that the autobiographical memory network was preferentially sensitive to whether or not the depicted events had been personally experienced, while the laboratory-based network was preferentially sensitive to whether or not photographs of the depicted events had been previously encountered. These findings suggest that these networks contribute to different retrieval processes and showcase how memories for first-hand experiences have distinctive neural signatures from memories for second-hand event knowledge. Chapter 4 focused on the hippocampus, with an emphasis on the division of labor along the hippocampal long-axis. The findings revealed that the posterior hippocampus was disproportionately sensitive to the source of the photographs, whereas the anterior hippocampus reacted more strongly to whether the photographs themselves had been previously seen, as well as whether their temporal order was intact. Chapter 5 assessed hemispheric differences in RLPFC responsivity to violations of temporal order during retrieval. The left RLPFC exhibited greater activation for temporal order violations only when events were novel, while the right RLPFC demonstrated greater activation for temporal order violations only when events had been previously encountered as photographs. These results suggest that the RLPFC is capable of differentially determining whether events are consistent with either prior schemas or memories. To further examine the left RLPFC and evaluate its causal involvement in mnemonic processes, Chapter 6 applied HD-tDCS methodology to this region in order to determine its impact on event recognition and temporal order processing. The targeted application of anodal current to the left RLPFC produced an increased likelihood of false recognition and - relative to sham stimulation - led to a shift in response bias, which may indicate the RLPFC's role in memory monitoring. Together, these findings from fMRI and HD-tDCS experiments help clarify the contributions and characteristics of the neural substrate supporting episodic memory retrieval, particularly with regards to how these processes may occur in the real world.
Book Synopsis The Wiley Handbook on The Cognitive Neuroscience of Memory by : Donna Rose Addis
Download or read book The Wiley Handbook on The Cognitive Neuroscience of Memory written by Donna Rose Addis and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-06-02 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Wiley Handbook on the Cognitive Neuroscience of Memory presents a comprehensive overview of the latest, cutting-edge neuroscience research being done relating to the study of human memory and cognition. Features the analysis of original data using cutting edge methods in cognitive neuroscience research Presents a conceptually accessible discussion of human memory research Includes contributions from authors that represent a “who’s who” of human memory neuroscientists from the U.S. and abroad Supplemented with a variety of excellent and accessible diagrams to enhance comprehension
Book Synopsis In the Light of Evolution by : National Academy of Sciences
Download or read book In the Light of Evolution written by National Academy of Sciences and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2014-05-19 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Humans possess certain unique mental traits. Self-reflection, as well as ethic and aesthetic values, is among them, constituting an essential part of what we call the human condition. The human mental machinery led our species to have a self-awareness but, at the same time, a sense of justice, willing to punish unfair actions even if the consequences of such outrages harm our own interests. Also, we appreciate searching for novelties, listening to music, viewing beautiful pictures, or living in well-designed houses. But why is this so? What is the meaning of our tendency, among other particularities, to defend and share values, to evaluate the rectitude of our actions and the beauty of our surroundings? What brain mechanisms correlate with the human capacity to maintain inner speech, or to carry out judgments of value? To what extent are they different from other primates' equivalent behaviors? In the Light of Evolution Volume VII aims to survey what has been learned about the human "mental machinery." This book is a collection of colloquium papers from the Arthur M. Sackler Colloquium "The Human Mental Machinery," which was sponsored by the National Academy of Sciences on January 11-12, 2013. The colloquium brought together leading scientists who have worked on brain and mental traits. Their 16 contributions focus the objective of better understanding human brain processes, their evolution, and their eventual shared mechanisms with other animals. The articles are grouped into three primary sections: current study of the mind-brain relationships; the primate evolutionary continuity; and the human difference: from ethics to aesthetics. This book offers fresh perspectives coming from interdisciplinary approaches that open new research fields and constitute the state of the art in some important aspects of the mind-brain relationships.
Book Synopsis The Cambridge Handbook of Cognitive Aging by : Ayanna K. Thomas
Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Cognitive Aging written by Ayanna K. Thomas and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-05-28 with total page 1019 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Decades of research have demonstrated that normal aging is accompanied by cognitive change. Much of this change has been conceptualized as a decline in function. However, age-related changes are not universal, and decrements in older adult performance may be moderated by experience, genetics, and environmental factors. Cognitive aging research to date has also largely emphasized biological changes in the brain, with less evaluation of the range of external contributors to behavioral manifestations of age-related decrements in performance. This handbook provides a comprehensive overview of cutting-edge cognitive aging research through the lens of a life course perspective that takes into account both behavioral and neural changes. Focusing on the fundamental principles that characterize a life course approach - genetics, early life experiences, motivation, emotion, social contexts, and lifestyle interventions - this handbook is an essential resource for researchers in cognition, aging, and gerontology.
Book Synopsis The Cambridge Handbook of Cognitive Science by : Keith Frankish
Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Cognitive Science written by Keith Frankish and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-07-19 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An authoritative, up-to-date survey of the state of the art in cognitive science, written for non-specialists.
Book Synopsis Neural Mechanisms Supporting Temporal Information in Long Term Memory by : Lucas J. Jenkins
Download or read book Neural Mechanisms Supporting Temporal Information in Long Term Memory written by Lucas J. Jenkins and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Episodic memories include information not only about a particular event, but about its relationship to the events that preceded and followed it. A growing body of research in the animal neuropsychology and neurophysiology literatures suggests a critical role for the hippocampus in encoding and retrieving these temporal relationships. The studies described in this dissertation provide converging evidence that the hippocampus plays a similarly important role in organizing human episodic memory and indicate a possible mechanism by which temporal information is encoded. In the studies described in Chapters 1 and 2, hippocampal activity during encoding was found to predict memory for temporal information in two very different episodic memory paradigms. In the first study, activity in the hippocampus and other regions during an object working memory task predicted memory for the approximate time during the experiment when an object had appeared. In the second study, hippocampal activation during the encoding of successive list words predicted that those words would be produced together during free recall. The study described in Chapter 3 suggests a potential mechanism by which the hippocampus supports the encoding of temporal information in episodic memory. Memory for the order of two objects was predicted by differences in the patterns of hippocampal activation present when the objects were encoded, consistent with evidence from animal neurophysiology that the hippocampus maintains a time-varying contextual representation that conveys information about the order in which events were encountered.
Book Synopsis Sleep and Brain Plasticity by : Pierre Maquet
Download or read book Sleep and Brain Plasticity written by Pierre Maquet and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sleep has long been a topic of fascination for artists and scientists. Why do we sleep? What function does sleep serve? Why do we dream? What significance can we attach to our dreams? We spend so much of our lives sleeping, yet its precise function is unclear, in spite of our increasing understanding of the processes generating and maintaining sleep. We now know that sleep can be accompanied by periods of intense cerebral activity, yet only recently has experimental data started to provide us with soem insights into the type of processing taking place in the brain as we sleep. There is now strong evidence that sleep plays a crucial role in learning and in the consolidation of memories. Once the preserve of psychoanalysts, 'dreaming' is now a topic of increasing interest amongst scientists. With research into sleep growing, this volume is both timely and valuable in presenting a unique study of the relationship between sleep, learning, and memory. It brings together a team of international scientists researching sleep in both human and animal subjects. Aimed at researchers within the fields of neuroscience, cognitive neuroscience, psychiatry, and neurology, this book will be an important first step in developing a full scientific understanding of one of our most intriguing human characteristics.
Book Synopsis Neuroscience of Enduring Change by : Richard D. Lane
Download or read book Neuroscience of Enduring Change written by Richard D. Lane and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-03-03 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neuroscience of Enduring Change is founded on the premise that all major psychotherapy modalities producing enduring change do so by virtue of corrective emotional experiences that alter problematic memories through the process of reconsolidation. This book is unique in linking basic science concepts to clinical research and clinical application. Experts in each area address each of the basic science and clinical topics. No other book addresses a general mechanism of change in psychotherapy in combination with the basic science underpinning it. This book is also unique in bringing the latest neuroimaging evidence and cutting-edge conceptual approaches to bear in understanding how psychological and behavioral treatment approaches bring about lasting change in the brain. Clinicians will benefit from the detailed discussion of basic mechanisms that underpin their clinical interventions and will be challenged to consider how their approach to therapy might be adjusted to optimize the opportunities for enduring change. Researchers will benefit from authoritative reviews of extant knowledge and a clear description of the research agenda going forward. The cross-fertilization between the research and clinical domains is evident throughout.
