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Chiral Matter
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Book Synopsis Chiral Matter - Proceedings Of The Nobel Symposium 167 by : Egor Babaev
Download or read book Chiral Matter - Proceedings Of The Nobel Symposium 167 written by Egor Babaev and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2023-02-13 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A geometric figure has chirality, or handedness, if its mirror image cannot be brought to coincide with itself. The concept of chirality was instrumental in establishing the tetrahedral valences of the carbon atom, and has continued to play a key role in chemistry and molecular biology ever since.The fact that living organisms use only one of two mirror isomers of such molecules as amino acids and sugars, that is, the question of the origin of homochirality of the molecular basis of life, remains an unsolved problem of the same dignity as the origin of dark matter and dark energy.The increasing importance of chirality and topology in condensed matter physics and chemistry, and the production of new states of matter in heavy-ion collisions, have brought the concept of chirality into physics and cosmology in a tangible way while at the same time expanded the physics/chemistry interface. The book is the first to address all aspects of chirality in a single volume.
Book Synopsis Chirality of Light and Its Interaction with Chiral Matter by : Yiqiao Tang
Download or read book Chirality of Light and Its Interaction with Chiral Matter written by Yiqiao Tang and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis conducts a systematic study on the chirality of light and its interaction with chiral matter. In the theory section, we introduce a measure of local density of chirality, applying to arbitrary electromagnetic fields. This optical chirality suggests the existence of superchiral modes, which are more selective than circularly polarized light (CPL) in preferentially exciting single enantiomers in certain regions of space. Experimentally, we demonstrate an 11-fold enhancement over CPL in discriminating chiral fluorophores of single handedness in a precisely sculpted superchiral field. This result agrees to within 15% with theoretical predictions.
Book Synopsis Chiral Nanophotonics by : Martin Schäferling
Download or read book Chiral Nanophotonics written by Martin Schäferling and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-11 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the physics behind the optical properties of plasmonic nanostructures focusing on chiral aspects. It explains in detail how the geometry determines chiral near-fields and how to tailor their shape and strength. Electromagnetic fields with strong optical chirality interact strongly with chiral molecules and, therefore, can be used for enhancing the sensitivity of chiroptical spectroscopy techniques. Besides a short review of the latest results in the field of plasmonically enhanced enantiomer discrimination, this book introduces the concept of chiral plasmonic near-field sources for enhanced chiroptical spectroscopy. The discussion of the fundamental properties of these light sources provides the theoretical basis for further optimizations and is of interest for researchers at the intersection of nano-optics, plasmonics and stereochemistry.
Book Synopsis Effective Field Theories For Nuclei And Compact-star Matter: Chiral Nuclear Dynamics (Cnd-iii) by : Yong-liang Ma
Download or read book Effective Field Theories For Nuclei And Compact-star Matter: Chiral Nuclear Dynamics (Cnd-iii) written by Yong-liang Ma and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2018-10-26 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Effective field theories have been widely used in nuclear physics. This volume is devoted to exploring the intricate structure of compact-star matter inaccessible directly from QCD. It is principally anchored on hidden symmetries and topology presumed to be encoded in QCD. It differs from standard effective field theory and energy density functional approaches in that it exploits renormalization-group flow in the complex 'vacuum' sliding with density inferred from topology change identified as a manifestation of baryon-quark continuity in dense matter. It makes a variety of predictions that drastically differ from the conventional treatments that could be tested by upcoming terrestrial and astrophysical experiments.This monograph recounts how to go, in one unique field theoretic formalism in terms of hadronic degrees of freedom, from finite nuclei to dense compact-star matter that could be explored in RIB-type machines in nuclear physics as well as in LIGO-type gravity waves in astrophysics.
Book Synopsis Quantum Many-Body Physics in a Nutshell by : Edward Shuryak
Download or read book Quantum Many-Body Physics in a Nutshell written by Edward Shuryak and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2018-11-27 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ideal textbook for a one-semester introductory course for graduate students or advanced undergraduates This book provides an essential introduction to the physics of quantum many-body systems, which are at the heart of atomic and nuclear physics, condensed matter, and particle physics. Unlike other textbooks on the subject, it covers topics across a broad range of physical fields—phenomena as well as theoretical tools—and does so in a simple and accessible way. Edward Shuryak begins with Feynman diagrams of the quantum and statistical mechanics of a particle; in these applications, the diagrams are easy to calculate and there are no divergencies. He discusses the renormalization group and illustrates its uses, and covers systems such as weakly and strongly coupled Bose and Fermi gases, electron gas, nuclear matter, and quark-gluon plasmas. Phenomena include Bose condensation and superfluidity. Shuryak also looks at Cooper pairing and superconductivity for electrons in metals, liquid 3He, nuclear matter, and quark-gluon plasma. A recurring topic throughout is topological matter, ranging from ensembles of quantized vortices in superfluids and superconductors to ensembles of colored (QCD) monopoles and instantons in the QCD vacuum. Proven in the classroom, Quantum Many-Body Physics in a Nutshell is the ideal textbook for a one-semester introductory course for graduate students or advanced undergraduates. Teaches students how quantum many-body systems work across many fields of physics Uses path integrals from the very beginning Features the easiest introduction to Feynman diagrams available Draws on the most recent findings, including trapped Fermi and Bose atomic gases Guides students from traditional systems, such as electron gas and nuclear matter, to more advanced ones, such as quark-gluon plasma and the QCD vacuum
Book Synopsis Advanced Topics in Quantum Field Theory by : M. Shifman
Download or read book Advanced Topics in Quantum Field Theory written by M. Shifman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-01-19 with total page 641 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the advent of Yang–Mills theories and supersymmetry in the 1970s, quantum field theory - the basis of the modern description of physical phenomena at the fundamental level - has undergone revolutionary developments. This is the first systematic and comprehensive text devoted specifically to modern field theory, bringing readers to the cutting edge of current research. The book emphasizes nonperturbative phenomena and supersymmetry. It includes a thorough discussion of various phases of gauge theories, extended objects and their quantization, and global supersymmetry from a modern perspective. Featuring extensive cross-referencing from traditional topics to recent breakthroughs in the field, it prepares students for independent research. The side boxes summarizing the main results and over 70 exercises make this an indispensable book for graduate students and researchers in theoretical physics.
Book Synopsis Story Of Antimatter, The: Matter's Vanished Twin by : Guennadi Borissov
Download or read book Story Of Antimatter, The: Matter's Vanished Twin written by Guennadi Borissov and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2018-04-26 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Overall, the text is very well written in a style that is precise yet easy to understand and interesting to follow … It does not refer to scientific or other publications or suggest further reading, but is completely self-contained. This makes it highly accessible for non-experts. It is intended for ‘serious readers with some general background knowledge in physics, although no specialist knowledge is required’. And it can indeed be recommended to any reader with a scientific interest in the subject, and also as a good recreational read for experts. This is even more true due to the excellent quality of the paper and the print, and the nice format and overall making of the book.'Contemporary PhysicsEach elementary particle contained within every known substance has an almost identical twin called its antiparticle. Existing data clearly indicate that equal numbers of particles and antiparticles were initially created soon after the birth of the universe. Despite this, all objects around us, as well as all the stars in all the known galaxies, are made of particles, while antiparticles have almost completely vanished. The reasons behind this disappearance are not yet fully known. Uncovering them will allow us to not only penetrate much deeper into the structure of matter, but also to understand the secret mechanisms that determine the genesis and development of our immense universe. That is why explaining the mystery of the missing antimatter is currently considered to be one of the main tasks of particle physics.This book tells the story of all the achievements in solving the problem of the missing antiparticles including the latest developments in the field. It is written by Prof. Guennadi Borissov, an international expert in this subject. It is intended for serious readers with some general background knowledge in physics, although no specialist knowledge is required. All phenomena observed in the microworld of particles are explained in simple terms using well-known examples from ordinary life. Starting with a description and discussion of the main properties of particles and antiparticles, the book details the important stages in the research that has brought scientists closer to solving one of the greatest enigmas of nature.
Book Synopsis The Multifaceted Skyrmion by : Gerald Edward Brown
Download or read book The Multifaceted Skyrmion written by Gerald Edward Brown and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2010 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1. Skyrmions and nuclei / R.A. Battye, N.S. Manton and P.M. Sutcliffe -- 2. Electromagnetic form factors of the nucleon in chiral soliton models / G. Holzwarth -- 3. Exotic baryon resonances in the Skyrme model / D. Diakonov and V. Petrov -- 4. Heavy-quark skyrmions / N.N. Scoccola -- 5. Skyrmion approach to finite density and temperature / B.-Y. Park and V. Vento -- 6. Half-skyrmion hadronic matter at high density / H.K. Lee and M. Rho -- 7. Superqualitons : baryons in dense QCD / D.K. Hong -- 8. Rotational symmetry breaking in baby skyrme models / M. Karliner and I. Hen -- 9. Spin and isospin : exotic order in quantum hall ferromagnets / S.M. Girvin -- 10. Noncommutative skyrmions in quantum hall systems / Z.F. Ezawa and G. Tsitsishvili -- 11. Skyrmions and merons in bilayer quantum hall system / K. Moon -- 12. Spin and pseudospin textures in quantum hall systems / H.A. Fertig and L. Brey -- 13. Half-skyrmion theory for high-temperature superconductivity / T. Morinari -- 14. Deconfined quantum critical points / T. Senthil [und weitere] -- 15. Skyrmion and string theory / S. Sugimoto -- 16. Holographic baryons / P. Yi -- 17. The Cheshire cat principle from holography / H.B. Nielsen and I. Zahed -- 18. Baryon physics in a five-dimensional model of hadrons / A. Pomarol and A. Wulzer
Book Synopsis Essays On The Formal Aspects Of Electromagnetic Theory by : Akhlesh Lakhtakia
Download or read book Essays On The Formal Aspects Of Electromagnetic Theory written by Akhlesh Lakhtakia and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1993-06-30 with total page 812 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book deals with formal aspects of electromagnetic theory from the classical, the semiclassical and the quantum viewpoints in essays written by internationally distinguished scholars from several countries. The fundamental basis of electromagnetic theory is examined in order to elucidate Maxwell's equations, identify problematic aspects as well as outstanding problems, suggest ways and means of overcoming the obstacles, and review existing literature.This book will be especially valuable for those who wish to go in depth, rather than simply use Maxwell's equations for the solution of engineering problems. Graduate students will find it rich in dissertation topics, and advanced researchers will relish the controversial and detailed arguments and models.
Book Synopsis Supersymmetry and String Theory by : Michael Dine
Download or read book Supersymmetry and String Theory written by Michael Dine and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-01-04 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past decade has witnessed dramatic developments in the field of theoretical physics. This book is a comprehensive introduction to these recent developments. It contains a review of the Standard Model, covering non-perturbative topics, and a discussion of grand unified theories and magnetic monopoles. It introduces the basics of supersymmetry and its phenomenology, and includes dynamics, dynamical supersymmetry breaking, and electric-magnetic duality. The book then covers general relativity and the big bang theory, and the basic issues in inflationary cosmologies before discussing the spectra of known string theories and the features of their interactions. The book also includes brief introductions to technicolor, large extra dimensions, and the Randall-Sundrum theory of warped spaces. This will be of great interest to graduates and researchers in the fields of particle theory, string theory, astrophysics and cosmology. The book contains several problems, and password protected solutions will be available to lecturers at www.cambridge.org/9780521858410.
Book Synopsis Optically Active Polymers by : E. Sélégny
Download or read book Optically Active Polymers written by E. Sélégny and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first four volumes of the series on 'Charged and Reactive Polymers' have been devoted to polymers in solution (Voh. I and II) or in gel and membrane forms (Vols. III and IV). In correlation with charges, other physical or chemical properties of macro molecules have been considered. Understanding of charge and hydrophobic effects is equally important for synthetic and biopolymers or their systems. Optically Active Polymers are related to problems of the same class, since optical activity is an inherent property of both natural macromolecules as well as a great variety of polymers synthesized in the Jast twenty years. Optical activity is a physical spectral property of chiral matter caused by asymmetrical configurations, conformations and structures which have no plane and no center of symmetry and consequently have two mirror image enantiomeric forms of inverse optical rotation. The racemic mixture of chiral enantiomers is optically inactive. The most common form of optical activity was first measured at a constant wavelength by the angle of rotation of linearly polarized light. More recently the measurements have been extended to the entire range of visible and attainable ultraviolet regions where electronic transitions are observed, giving rise to the ORD technique (Optical Rotatory Dispersion). The Cotton effects appear in the region of optically active absorption bands; outside of these bands the plain curve spectrum is also dependent on all the electronic transitions of the chromophores.
Book Synopsis Structure Elucidation in Organic Chemistry by : Maria-Magdalena Cid
Download or read book Structure Elucidation in Organic Chemistry written by Maria-Magdalena Cid and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-12-17 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intended for advanced readers, this is a review of all relevant techniques for structure analysis in one handy volume. As such, it provides the latest knowledge on spectroscopic and related techniques for chemical structure analysis, such as NMR, optical spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and X-ray crystallography, including the scope and limitation of each method. As a result, readers not only become acquainted with the techniques, but also the advantages of the synergy between them. This enables them to choose the correct analytical method for each problem, saving both time and resources. Special emphasis is placed on NMR and its application to absolute configuration determination and the analysis of molecular interactions. Adopting a practical point of view, the author team from academia and industry guarantees both solid methodology and applications essential for structure determination, equipping experts as well as newcomers with the tools to solve any structural problem.
Book Synopsis String Theory And Its Applications (Tasi 2010): From Mev To The Planck Scale - Proceedings Of The 2010 Theoretical Advanced Study Institute In Elementary Particle Physics by : Michael Dine
Download or read book String Theory And Its Applications (Tasi 2010): From Mev To The Planck Scale - Proceedings Of The 2010 Theoretical Advanced Study Institute In Elementary Particle Physics written by Michael Dine and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2011-11-22 with total page 873 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is based on lectures given at the TASI summer school of 2010. It aims to provide advanced graduate students, postdoctorates and senior researchers with a survey of important topics in particle physics and string theory, with special emphasis on applications of methods from string theory and quantum gravity in condensed matter physics and QCD (especially heavy ion physics)./a
Book Synopsis The Long-Lasting Quest for Nuclear Interactions: The Past, the Present and the Future by : Laura Elisa Marcucci
Download or read book The Long-Lasting Quest for Nuclear Interactions: The Past, the Present and the Future written by Laura Elisa Marcucci and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-01-05 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Quantum Superfield Supersymmetry by : Albert Petrov
Download or read book Quantum Superfield Supersymmetry written by Albert Petrov and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-02-22 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the superfield description of various supersymmetric field theory models in three- and four-dimensional space-times. A mapping between superfield and component formulations of supersymmetric field theories is discussed. The author also describes the methodology for calculating quantum corrections in these theories employing supergraph formalism and functional methods, and illustrates these approaches with many detailed examples of how such calculations are performed for various superfield models.
Book Synopsis Hadron And Nuclear Physics 09 by : Atsushi Hosaka
Download or read book Hadron And Nuclear Physics 09 written by Atsushi Hosaka and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2010-09-07 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume collects papers presented at the international workshop “Hadron-Nuclear Physics 09” held at Osaka, November 16-19, 2009. The series of this workshop has provided opportunities to discuss common interests of hadron and nuclear physics.Hadrons and nuclei show up different layers of phenomena governed by the same dynamics dictated by the fundamental law of the strong interaction, Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). The basic building blocks of matter, quarks and gluons, are confined in hadrons, generating their masses dynamically and breaking chiral symmetry spontaneously. The latter is the origin of the presence of the pion which governs the essential part of the nuclear interaction. Therefore, the common key words are chiral symmetry and pions.This volume contains reports of current achievements in hadron physics including exotic multiquark states, meson production reactions and non-linear dynamics of hadrons, and those in nuclear physics clustering phenomena, exotic neutron rich nuclei and the pions in nuclei. As related subjects, applications to astronuclear physics, including accelerator physics and laser physics are also discussed comprehensively.
Book Synopsis 11th Italian Conference on General Relativity and Gravitational Physics, SISSA, Trieste, September 26-30, 1994 by : M. Carfora
Download or read book 11th Italian Conference on General Relativity and Gravitational Physics, SISSA, Trieste, September 26-30, 1994 written by M. Carfora and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1996 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
