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Author : Jibril Alimi Odogba
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (434 download)
Download or read book Characterization Study of a Cadmium Zinc Telluride Scanning Image Detector System written by Jibril Alimi Odogba and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Mohamed Alshal
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (119 download)
Download or read book Photoluminescence Characterization of Cadmium Zinc Telluride written by Mohamed Alshal and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The demand for wide bandgap semiconductors for radiation detector applications has significantly increased in recent years due to an ever-growing need for safeguard measures and medical imaging systems amongst other applications. The need for these devices to be portable and efficient, and to operate at room temperature is important for practical applications. For radiation detectors, the semiconductor materials are mainly required to have an optimal energy gap, high average atomic number, good electrical resistivity and charge transport properties as well as purity and homogeneity. Cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) distinctly stands out among the other choices of semiconductor materials for radiation detector applications, due to its attractive material properties and the room temperature operation possibility. A tremendous amount of research is being conducted to improve CZT technology and its implementation into more commercial systems. Applications of CZT detector technology in national security, high energy physics, nuclear spectroscopy, and medical imaging systems are of special interests. However, CZT devices still face challenges that need to be understood and overcome in order to have more efficient radiation detector systems. One such challenge lies in the understanding of the surfaces of CZT detectors and surface recombination effects on charge transport, charge collection efficiency, and detector performance. Another common issue is the degradation of CZT detectors due to the presence of defects which can act as traps for the charge carriers and cause incomplete charge collection from the detectors. Thus, a major challenge is that, the commercial CZT crystals have large concentrations of defects and impurities that need to be characterized, and their effects on the detector performance should be studied. Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy is a sensitive, non-contact and non-destructive method, suitable to characterize lower concentrations of point defects, such as substitutional impurities (donors, acceptors) and native defects in CZT crystals. A PL spectrum provides information regarding the defect nature of the crystal by determining the presence and the type of vacancies, interstitials, and impurities in the lattice. The main objective of this thesis is to address the presence of the defects in CZT crystals, identify their types, and study their roles in the performance of x-ray radiation detectors using PL spectroscopy. Additionally, using PL method and different excitation sources including UV excitation, this thesis studies the surface of CZT samples and investigates the PL signature of the surface oxide of the samples, in an effort to optimize the surface processing and thereby improve CZT detector performance.
Author : Richa Yogesh Jayakar
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 160 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (769 download)
Download or read book Characterization of Cadmium Zinc Telluride Detectors for Use in a Computed Tomography Scanner written by Richa Yogesh Jayakar and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Krzysztof Iniewski
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000462188
Total Pages : 343 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)
Download or read book Radiation Detection Systems written by Krzysztof Iniewski and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-11-04 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The advances in semiconductor detectors, scintillators, photodetectors such as silicon photomultipliers (SiPM), and reaodut electronics have experienced tremendous growth in recent years in terms of basic technologies and variety of applications.The second edition of the book Radiation Detection Systems presents variety of radiation detection systems giving readers a broad view of the state-of–the-art in the design of detectors, front-end electronics and systems offering optimized choices of the detection tools for a particular application. The new edition has been divided into two volumes. This first volume, on Sensor Materials, Systems, Technology and Characterization Measurements puts emphasis on sensor materials, detector structures, front electronics technology and their designs as well as system optimization for different applications. Also, the book include characterization measurements of the developed detection systems. Featuring contributions from leading experts and pioneers in their respective fields, this book • describes progress in growth technologies of cadmium zinc telluride (CdZnTe) and cadmium telluride (CdTe) materials • shows variety of specific detector structure designs and their integration with front-end amplification/processing electronics • presents detection systems based on CdZnTe and CdTe detector technologies that are optimized for specific applications. The designed systems are characterized in terms of their spectral responses, spatial and timing resolutions • addresses incomplete charge collection, pulse pileup, charge sharing between neighboring detector pixels and other phenomena that can degrade the spectral response of photon-counting detectors • reports new developments of silicon photomultipliers used for reading the light from scintillators that starting to make a big impact particularly in the design concepts of novel medical instrumentation With its combined coverage of new materials and innovative new system approaches, as well as a succinct overview of recent developments, this book is an invaluable tool for any engineer, professional, or student working in electronics or an associated field. Readers can refer to the second book to get a detailed understanding of more specific applications of the detection systems in medical imaging, industrial testing and security applications.
Author : Anthony Drew Lavietes
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 182 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (56 download)
Download or read book Cadmium Telluride and Cadmium Zinc Telluride Detectors for Radionuclide Analysis written by Anthony Drew Lavietes and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Silvia I. Penkova
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (119 download)
Download or read book Defect Characterization in 4% Cadmium Zinc Telluride Semiconductors written by Silvia I. Penkova and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents a characterization study of Cadmium Zinc Telluride with a 4% Zinc molar concentration using five different techniques. Three of the characterization methods - X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and wet chemical etching - were used to study the atomic arrangement of the lattice and the type of defects in the material. On the other hand, the other two methods - photoluminescence (PL) and the Hall Effect - provided information about the electronic properties of the material and identified the electronic signatures of the defects present. This thesis study applied these five methods to 29 samples with the [111] and [211] crystal orientations. XRD was used to calculate the Zn concentration and the atomic spacing of the samples. TEM allowed to map the crystal structure using Kikuchi diffraction and to calculate the variation of the local lattice constant. This showed that the sample was under strain. A CBED imaging condition producing HOLZ lines allowed for qualitatively imaging the strain field in the crystal and contrast phase imaging showed stacking faults and dislocations present in the lattice. Next, wet chemical etching - using Nakagawa and Everson solutions - revealed several different types of etch pits were present on the material's surface and provided a value for the etch pit density (EPD). PL at room temperature was used to calculate the Zn concentration and to produce contour maps of the samples showing the variation in Zn. Low temperature PL was used to conduct intensity and thermal studies of the material providing information about the type of emission (donor-acceptor pair, free exciton or excitonic) and the activating energies. This information was used to assign the peaks seen in the PL spectrum at 8K. Lastly, the Hall Effect experiment was used to calculate the resistivity and the mobility of carriers, i.e., electrons and holes, of the samples. The last stage of the project was to seek correlations between the data obtained during the five characterization techniques. Correlations were noted between the XRD FWHM broadening and the EPD, the disturbances in the atomic lattice and the defect band broadening and a summary of all the values calculated during the project was provided. Overall this project provided a very thorough study of 4% CZT.
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Author : Amlan Datta
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 97 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (695 download)
Download or read book Developments in Cadmium Zinc Telluride Crystal Growth, Sample Preparation and Characterisation [sic] Techniques written by Amlan Datta and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : W. Gitau Munge
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 95 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (647 download)
Download or read book Characterization of Te Secondary Phases in Cadmium Zinc Telluride Using IR Transmission Microscopy written by W. Gitau Munge and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Opto-electrical Characterization and X-ray Mapping of Large-volume Cadmium Zinc Telluride Radiation Detectors written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Large-volume cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) radiation detectors would greatly improve radiation detection capabilities and, therefore, attract extensive scientific and commercial interests. CZT crystals with volumes as large as hundreds of centimeters can be achieved today due to improvements in the crystal growth technology. However, the poor performance of large-volume CZT detectors is still a challenging problem affecting the commercialization of CZT detectors and imaging arrays. We have employed Pockels effect measurements and synchrotron X-ray mapping techniques to investigate the performance-limiting factors for large-volume CZT detectors. Experimental results with the above characterization methods reveal the non-uniform distribution of internal electric field of large-volume CZT detectors, which help us to better understand the responsible mechanism for the insufficient carrier collection in large-volume CZT detectors.
Download or read book Electrical Characterization of Cadmium Zinc Telluride Nanowires for Use as a Gamma Radiation Detector: Modeling and Experimentation written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electrical characterization of cadmium zinc telluride nanowires for use as a gamma radiation detector: Modeling and experimentation.
Author : Kris Iniewski
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031645219
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (316 download)
Download or read book CdTe and CdZnTe Materials written by Kris Iniewski and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 9 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (684 download)
Download or read book Cadmium Zinc Telluride Detector System for Nuclear Material Assay written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three tools were developed towards design of an ambient temperature radiometric instrument, namely the CZT Probe--a cadmium zinc telluride based gamma and x ray detector probe, the MicroNOMAD--a low power, portable multichannel analyzed, and CZTU--spectral analysis software that provides uranium enrichment analysis. The combination of these three tools with an optimal sodium iodide (NaI) detector provides the ability to search for and then analyze uranium as well as other radionuclides in the field. Several national and international organizations including the International Atomic Energy Agency, the European Communities Safeguards Directorate, US Customs, and US DOE have expressed interest and are currently evaluating these systems.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 848 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book American Doctoral Dissertations written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 848 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Claudia Kuntner-Hannes
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030029735
Total Pages : 212 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)
Download or read book Image Fusion in Preclinical Applications written by Claudia Kuntner-Hannes and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-22 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an accessible and comprehensive overview of the state of the art in multimodal, multiparametric preclinical imaging, covering all the modalities used in preclinical research. The role of different combinations of PET, CT, MR, optical, and optoacoustic imaging methods is examined and explained for a range of applications, from research in oncology, neurology, and cardiology to drug development. Examples of animal studies are highlighted in which multimodal imaging has been pivotal in delivering otherwise unobtainable information. Hardware and software image registration methods and animal-specific factors are also discussed. The readily understandable text is enhanced by numerous informative illustrations that help the reader to appreciate the similarities to, but also the differences from, clinical applications. Image Fusion in Preclinical Applications will be of interest to all who wish to learn more about the use of multimodal/multiparametric imaging as a tool for in vivo investigations in preclinical medical and pharmaceutical research.
Download or read book CHARACTERIZATION OF CADMIUM-ZINC TELLURIDE CRYSTALS GROWN BY 'CONTACTLESS' PVT USING SYNCHROTRON WHITE BEAM... NASA written by and published by . This book was released on 1999* with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Salim Reza
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1351779923
Total Pages : 290 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (517 download)
Download or read book Semiconductor Radiation Detectors written by Salim Reza and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-10-23 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this book is to educate the reader on radiation detectors, from sensor to read-out electronics to application. Relatively new detector materials, such as CdZTe and Cr compensated GaAs, are introduced, along with emerging applications of radiation detectors. This X-ray technology has practical applications in medical, industrial, and security applications. It identifies materials based on their molecular composition, not densities as the traditional transmission equipment does. With chapters written by an international selection of authors from both academia and industry, the book covers a wide range of topics on radiation detectors, which will satisfy the needs of both beginners and experts in the field.
Author : R. M. Bilbe
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (593 download)
Download or read book The Investigation and Characterisation of Cadmium Telluride and Zinc Telluride for Gamma Radiation Detectors written by R. M. Bilbe and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
