Particulate Emissions from Vehicles

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Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 9780470986509
Total Pages : 512 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (865 download)

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Book Synopsis Particulate Emissions from Vehicles by : Peter Eastwood

Download or read book Particulate Emissions from Vehicles written by Peter Eastwood and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The public health risks posed by automotive particulate emissions are well known. Such particles are sufficiently small to reach the deepest regions of the lungs; and moreover act as carriers for many potentially toxic substances. Historically, diesel engines have been singled out in this regard, but recent research shows the need to consider particulate emissions from gasoline engines as well. Already implicated in more than one respiratory disease, the strongest evidence in recent times points to particle-mediated cardiovascular disorders (strokes and heart attacks). Accordingly, legislation limiting particulate emissions is becoming increasingly stringent, placing great pressure on the automotive industry to produce cleaner vehicles - pressure only heightened by the ever-increasing number of cars on our roads. Particulate Emissions from Vehicles addresses a field of increased international interest and research activity; discusses the impact of new legislation globally on the automotive industry; and explains new ways of measuring particle size, number and composition that are currently under development. The expert analysis and summary of the state-of-the-art, which encompasses the key areas of combustion performance, measurement techniques and toxicology, will appeal to R&D practitioners and engineers working in the automotive industry and related mechanical fields, as well as postgraduate students and researchers of engine technology, air pollution and life/ environmental science. The public health aspects will also appeal to the biomedical research community.

Air Pollution, the Automobile, and Public Health

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Author :
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309037263
Total Pages : 703 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Air Pollution, the Automobile, and Public Health by : Sponsored by The Health Effects Institute

Download or read book Air Pollution, the Automobile, and Public Health written by Sponsored by The Health Effects Institute and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1988-01-01 with total page 703 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The combination of scientific and institutional integrity represented by this book is unusual. It should be a model for future endeavors to help quantify environmental risk as a basis for good decisionmaking." â€"William D. Ruckelshaus, from the foreword. This volume, prepared under the auspices of the Health Effects Institute, an independent research organization created and funded jointly by the Environmental Protection Agency and the automobile industry, brings together experts on atmospheric exposure and on the biological effects of toxic substances to examine what is knownâ€"and not knownâ€"about the human health risks of automotive emissions.

Characterization of Particulate Emissions from Gasoline-fueled Vehicles

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 138 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Characterization of Particulate Emissions from Gasoline-fueled Vehicles by : Joseph M. Norbeck

Download or read book Characterization of Particulate Emissions from Gasoline-fueled Vehicles written by Joseph M. Norbeck and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Environmental Health Perspectives

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 880 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Environmental Health Perspectives by :

Download or read book Environmental Health Perspectives written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 880 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Air Quality Criteria for Particulate Matter

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1100 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Air Quality Criteria for Particulate Matter by : National Center for Environmental Assessment (Research Triangle Park, N.C.)

Download or read book Air Quality Criteria for Particulate Matter written by National Center for Environmental Assessment (Research Triangle Park, N.C.) and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 1100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Diesel and Gasoline Engine Exhausts and Some Nitroarenes

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Author :
Publisher : IARC Monographs on the Evaluat
ISBN 13 : 9789283213284
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (132 download)

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Book Synopsis Diesel and Gasoline Engine Exhausts and Some Nitroarenes by : IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans

Download or read book Diesel and Gasoline Engine Exhausts and Some Nitroarenes written by IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans and published by IARC Monographs on the Evaluat. This book was released on 2015-06-04 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume of the IARC Monographs provides evaluations of the carcinogenicity of diesel and gasoline engine exhausts, and of 10 nitroarenes found in diesel engine exhaust: 3,7-dinitrofluoranthene, 3,9-dinitrofluoranthene, 1,3-dinitropyrene, 1,6-dinitropyrene, 1,8-dinitropyrene, 6-nitrochrysene, 2-nitrofluorene, 1-nitropyrene, 4-nitropyrene, and 3-nitrobenzanthrone. Diesel engines are used for transport on and off roads (e.g. passenger cars, buses, trucks, trains, ships), for machinery in various industrial sectors (e.g. mining, construction), and for electricity generators, particularly in developing countries. Gasoline engines are used in cars and hand-held equipment (e.g. chainsaws). The emissions from such combustion engines comprise a complex and varying mixture of gases (e.g. carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides), particles (e.g. PM10, PM2.5, ultrafine particles, elemental carbon, organic carbon, ash, sulfate, and metals), volatile organic compunds (e.g. benzene, formaldehyde) and semi-volatile organic compounds (e.g. polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) including oxygenated and nitrated derivatives of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Diesel and gasoline engines thus make a significant contribution to a broad range of air pollutants to which people are exposed in the general population as well as in different occupational settings. An IARC Monographs Working Group reviewed epidemiological evidence, animal bioassays, and mechanistic and other relevant data to reach conclusions as to the carcinogenic hazard to humans of environmental or occupational exposure to diesel and gasoline engine exhausts (including those associated with the mining, railroad, construction, and transportation industries) and to 10 selected nitroarenes. -- Back cover.

Alternative Motor Vehicle Fuels

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)

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Book Synopsis Alternative Motor Vehicle Fuels by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. Subcommittee on Energy Research and Development

Download or read book Alternative Motor Vehicle Fuels written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. Subcommittee on Energy Research and Development and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Fundamentals of Air Pollution Engineering

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Author :
Publisher : Courier Corporation
ISBN 13 : 0486488721
Total Pages : 578 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (864 download)

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Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Air Pollution Engineering by : Richard C. Flagan

Download or read book Fundamentals of Air Pollution Engineering written by Richard C. Flagan and published by Courier Corporation. This book was released on 2012 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A rigorous and thorough analysis of the production of air pollutants and their control, this text is geared toward chemical and environmental engineering students. Topics include combustion, principles of aerosol behavior, theories of the removal of particulate and gaseous pollutants from effluent streams, and air pollution control strategies. 1988 edition.Reprint of the Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1988 edition.

Non-exhaust Particulate Emissions from Road Transport An Ignored Environmental Policy Challenge

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Author :
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264888853
Total Pages : 149 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Non-exhaust Particulate Emissions from Road Transport An Ignored Environmental Policy Challenge by : OECD

Download or read book Non-exhaust Particulate Emissions from Road Transport An Ignored Environmental Policy Challenge written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2020-12-07 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Non-exhaust emissions of particulate matter constitute a little-known but rising share of emissions from road traffic and have significant negative impacts on public health. This report synthesizes the current state of knowledge about the nature, causes, and consequences of non-exhaust particulate emissions. It also projects how particulate matter emissions from non-exhaust sources may evolve in future years and reflects on policy instrument mixes that can address this largely ignored environmental issue.

Automotive Fuels Reference Book

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Author :
Publisher : SAE International
ISBN 13 : 0768006384
Total Pages : 870 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (68 download)

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Book Synopsis Automotive Fuels Reference Book by : Paul Richards

Download or read book Automotive Fuels Reference Book written by Paul Richards and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2014-03-05 with total page 870 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first two editions of this title, published by SAE International in 1990 and 1995, have been best-selling definitive references for those needing technical information about automotive fuels. This long-awaited new edition has been thoroughly revised and updated, yet retains the original fundamental fuels information that readers find so useful. This book is written for those with an interest in or a need to understand automotive fuels. Because automotive fuels can no longer be developed in isolation from the engines that will convert the fuel into the power necessary to drive our automobiles, knowledge of automotive fuels will also be essential to those working with automotive engines. Small quantities of fuel additives increasingly play an important role in bridging the gap that often exists between fuel that can easily be produced and fuel that is needed by the ever-more sophisticated automotive engine. This book pulls together in a single, extensively referenced volume, the three different but related topics of automotive fuels, fuel additives, and engines, and shows how all three areas work together. It includes a brief history of automotive fuels development, followed by chapters on automotive fuels manufacture from crude oil and other fossil sources. One chapter is dedicated to the manufacture of automotive fuels and fuel blending components from renewable sources. The safe handling, transport, and storage of fuels, from all sources, are covered. New combustion systems to achieve reduced emissions and increased efficiency are discussed, and the way in which the fuels’ physical and chemical characteristics affect these combustion processes and the emissions produced are included. There is also discussion on engine fuel system development and how these different systems affect the corresponding fuel requirements. Because the book is for a global market, fuel system technologies that only exist in the legacy fleet in some markets are included. The way in which fuel requirements are developed and specified is discussed. This covers test methods from simple laboratory bench tests, through engine testing, and long-term test procedures.

Automotive Spark-Ignited Direct-Injection Gasoline Engines

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Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 008055279X
Total Pages : 129 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Automotive Spark-Ignited Direct-Injection Gasoline Engines by : F. Zhao

Download or read book Automotive Spark-Ignited Direct-Injection Gasoline Engines written by F. Zhao and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-02-08 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The process of fuel injection, spray atomization and vaporization, charge cooling, mixture preparation and the control of in-cylinder air motion are all being actively researched and this work is reviewed in detail and analyzed. The new technologies such as high-pressure, common-rail, gasoline injection systems and swirl-atomizing gasoline fuel injections are discussed in detail, as these technologies, along with computer control capabilities, have enabled the current new examination of an old objective; the direct-injection, stratified-charge (DISC), gasoline engine. The prior work on DISC engines that is relevant to current GDI engine development is also reviewed and discussed. The fuel economy and emission data for actual engine configurations have been obtained and assembled for all of the available GDI literature, and are reviewed and discussed in detail. The types of GDI engines are arranged in four classifications of decreasing complexity, and the advantages and disadvantages of each class are noted and explained. Emphasis is placed upon consensus trends and conclusions that are evident when taken as a whole; thus the GDI researcher is informed regarding the degree to which engine volumetric efficiency and compression ratio can be increased under optimized conditions, and as to the extent to which unburned hydrocarbon (UBHC), NOx and particulate emissions can be minimized for specific combustion strategies. The critical area of GDI fuel injector deposits and the associated effect on spray geometry and engine performance degradation are reviewed, and important system guidelines for minimizing deposition rates and deposit effects are presented. The capabilities and limitations of emission control techniques and after treatment hardware are reviewed in depth, and a compilation and discussion of areas of consensus on attaining European, Japanese and North American emission standards presented. All known research, prototype and production GDI engines worldwide are reviewed as to performance, emissions and fuel economy advantages, and for areas requiring further development. The engine schematics, control diagrams and specifications are compiled, and the emission control strategies are illustrated and discussed. The influence of lean-NOx catalysts on the development of late-injection, stratified-charge GDI engines is reviewed, and the relative merits of lean-burn, homogeneous, direct-injection engines as an option requiring less control complexity are analyzed.

Motor Vehicle Emissions: a Bibliography with Abstracts. Special Bibliography

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Motor Vehicle Emissions: a Bibliography with Abstracts. Special Bibliography by :

Download or read book Motor Vehicle Emissions: a Bibliography with Abstracts. Special Bibliography written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Air Pollution from Motor Vehicles

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Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 9780821334447
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (344 download)

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Book Synopsis Air Pollution from Motor Vehicles by : Asif Faiz

Download or read book Air Pollution from Motor Vehicles written by Asif Faiz and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1996-01-01 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contributions by Surhid Gautam and Lit-Mian Chan. This book presents a state-of-the art review of vehicle emission standards and regulations and provides a synthesis of worldwide experience with vehicle emission control technologies and their applications in both industrial and developing countries. Topics covered include: * The two principal international systems of vehicle emission standards: those of North America and Europe * Test procedures used to verify compliance with emissions standards and to estimate actual emissions * Engine and aftertreatment technologies that have been developed to enable new vehicles to comply with emission standards, as well as the cost and other impacts of these technologies * An evaluation of measures for controlling emissions from in-use vehicles * The role of fuels in reducing vehicle emissions, the benefits that could be gained by reformulating conventional gasoline and diesel fuels, the potential benefits of alternative cleaner fuels, and the prospects for using hydrogen and electric power to run motor vehicles with ultra-low or zero emissions. This book is the first in a series of publications on vehicle-related pollution and control measures prepared by the World Bank in collaboration with the United Nations Environment Programme to underpin the Bank's overall objective of promoting transport that is environmentally sustainable and least damaging to human health and welfare.

Proceedings of the ... Spring Technical Conference of the ASME Internal Combustion Engine Division

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 484 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Proceedings of the ... Spring Technical Conference of the ASME Internal Combustion Engine Division by : American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Internal Combustion Engine Division. Spring Technical Conference

Download or read book Proceedings of the ... Spring Technical Conference of the ASME Internal Combustion Engine Division written by American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Internal Combustion Engine Division. Spring Technical Conference and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Code of Federal Regulations, Title 40, Protection of Environment, Pt. Pt. 85-86 (Sec. 86.599-99), Revised as of July 1, 2009

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Author :
Publisher : Government Printing Office
ISBN 13 : 9780160834592
Total Pages : 840 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (345 download)

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Book Synopsis Code of Federal Regulations, Title 40, Protection of Environment, Pt. Pt. 85-86 (Sec. 86.599-99), Revised as of July 1, 2009 by :

Download or read book Code of Federal Regulations, Title 40, Protection of Environment, Pt. Pt. 85-86 (Sec. 86.599-99), Revised as of July 1, 2009 written by and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2009-10-27 with total page 840 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Sources and Composition of Ambient Particulate Matter

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Author :
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 303650995X
Total Pages : 246 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (365 download)

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Book Synopsis Sources and Composition of Ambient Particulate Matter by : Manousos-Ioannis Manousakas

Download or read book Sources and Composition of Ambient Particulate Matter written by Manousos-Ioannis Manousakas and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-09-10 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research related to ambient particulate matter (PM) remains very relevant today due to the adverse effects that PM have on human health. PM are pollutants with varying chemical compositions and may originate from multiple emission sources, which directly affects their toxicity. To formulate effective control and mitigation strategies, it is necessary to identify PM sources and to estimate their influence on ambient PM concentration, a process that is known as source apportionment (SA). Depending on the geographical location and characteristics of an area, many anthropogenic and natural sources may contribute to PM concentration levels, such as dust resuspension, sea salt, traffic, secondary aerosol formation, industrial emissions, ship emissions, biomass burning, power plant emissions, etc. Different methodological approaches have been used over the years to study the aforementioned topics, but some scientific challenges remain, mainly related to the following subjects: real-time chemical analysis and SA, uncertainty estimation of SA results, and analytical optimization for PM samples. Additionally, there are areas in the world for which the results regarding composition and sources of PM are still scarce. The objective of this collection was to include studies on all aspects of PM chemical characterization and source apportionment regarding the inorganic and/or organic fractions of PM.

Air Pollution Abstracts

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1118 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)

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Book Synopsis Air Pollution Abstracts by :

Download or read book Air Pollution Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1971-05 with total page 1118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: