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Characterization Of Helium Bubble Growth In Tungsten Exposed To Low Flux Plasmas
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Book Synopsis Helium Nano-bubble Formation in Tungsten by : Matt Thompson
Download or read book Helium Nano-bubble Formation in Tungsten written by Matt Thompson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-01 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This PhD thesis characterises the damage that occurs in tungsten when it is exposed to a fusion-like environment. The book presents pioneering work on the use of grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS) to measure nano-bubble formation in tungsten exposed to helium plasma. The phenomenon of nanoscale bubble formation within metals during helium plasma exposure can lead to undesirable changes in the material properties, such as complex nanoscale surface modification or a reduction in thermal conductivity. As a result of this work, it is now possible to quantify how nanobubble behaviour changes within different materials, and under different plasma conditions. In 2015 the author published the first GISAXS study of helium-induced nanobubble formation in tungsten, demonstrating the viability of using GISAXS for this work. This paper has generated significant interest from the international fusion community and was selected as one of the highlights for the journal Nuclear Fusion.
Book Synopsis Atomic Defects in Metals / Atomare Fehlstellen in Metallen by : H. Ullmaier
Download or read book Atomic Defects in Metals / Atomare Fehlstellen in Metallen written by H. Ullmaier and published by Springer. This book was released on 1991-09-30 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atomic or point defects are disturbances of the periodicity of the crystal lattice extending over only a few atomic distances. Many physical and mechanical properties of solids are sensitive to their presence. Furthermore other defects which are crucial to material behaviour are influenced by their interaction with atomic defects. A detailed knowledge of production mechanisms and properties of point defects is therefore essential for assessing and for understanding the atomistic as well as the macroscopic behaviour of materials. As a result of the use of new research methods in recent years, such information is now available for almost all pure metals, for many dilute alloys and for some concentrated alloys. However, a critical and comprehensive collection of these data has so far been missing. The aim of the present volume is to close this gap by sifting, evaluating and compiling data on vacancies and self-interstitial atoms in solid metals. A chapter on the element helium is included because of the exeptional position of He as an "alloying" element and its role in radiation damage phenomena.
Book Synopsis Radiation Damage in Materials by : Yongqiang Wang
Download or read book Radiation Damage in Materials written by Yongqiang Wang and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-12-28 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The complexity of radiation damage effects in materials that are used in various irradiation environments stems from the fundamental particle–solid interactions and the subsequent damage recovery dynamics after the collision cascades, which involves multiple length and time scales. Adding to this complexity are the transmuted impurities that are unavoidable from accompanying nuclear processes. Helium is one such impurity that plays an important and unique role in controlling the microstructure and properties of materials used in fast fission reactors, plasma-facing and structural materials in fusion devices, spallation neutron target designs, actinides, tritium-containing materials, and nuclear waste. Their ultra-low solubility in virtually all solids forces He atoms to self-precipitate into small bubbles that become nucleation sites for further void growth under radiation-induced vacancy supersaturations, resulting in material swelling and high-temperature He embrittlement, as well as surface blistering under low-energy and high-flux He bombardment. This Special Issue, “Radiation Damage in Materials—Helium Effects”, contains review articles and full-length papers on new irradiation material research activities and novel material ideas using experimental and/or modeling approaches. These studies elucidate the interactions of helium with various extreme environments and tailored nanostructures, as well as their impact on microstructural evolution and material properties.
Book Synopsis Principles of Plasma Diagnostics by : I. H. Hutchinson
Download or read book Principles of Plasma Diagnostics written by I. H. Hutchinson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2005-07-14 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a systematic introduction to the physics of plasma diagnostics measurements. It develops from first principles the concepts needed to plan, execute and interpret plasma measurements, making it a suitable book for graduate students and professionals with little plasma physics background. The book will also be a valuable reference for seasoned plasma physicists, both experimental and theoretical, as well as those with an interest in space and astrophysical applications. This second edition is thoroughly revised and updated, with new sections and chapters covering recent developments in the field.
Book Synopsis Advances in Energy and Environmental Materials by : Yafang Han
Download or read book Advances in Energy and Environmental Materials written by Yafang Han and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-04-17 with total page 939 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This proceedings volume gathers selected papers presented at the Chinese Materials Conference 2017 (CMC2017), held in Yinchuan City, Ningxia, China, on July 06-12, 2017. This book covers a wide range of energy conversion and storage materials, thermoelectric materials and devices, nuclear materials, solar energy materials and solar cells, minerals and oil and gas materials, photocatalytic materials for energy production, eco-materials, and environmental engineering materials. The Chinese Materials Conference (CMC) is the most important serial conference of the Chinese Materials Research Society (C-MRS) and has been held each year since the early 1990s. The 2017 installment included 37 Symposia covering four fields: Advances in energy and environmental materials; High performance structural materials; Fundamental research on materials; and Advanced functional materials. More than 5500 participants attended the congress, and the organizers received more than 700 technical papers. Based on the recommendations of symposium organizers and after peer reviewing, 490 papers have been included in the present proceedings, which showcase the latest original research results in the field of materials, achieved by more than 300 research groups at various universities and research institutes.
Book Synopsis Recent Advances in Technology Research and Education by : Giedrius Laukaitis
Download or read book Recent Advances in Technology Research and Education written by Giedrius Laukaitis and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-18 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Global Research and Education, Inter-Academia 2018 held in Kaunas, Lithuania on 24–27 September 2018. The main goal of the conference was to provide an international forum to review, stimulate, and understand the recent trends in both fundamental and applied research. In addition to increasing interest in recent research findings, the conference aimed to strengthen the cooperation between the partners of the Inter-Academia community towards new theoretical and practical research advances. The papers included cover topics in the fields of material science and technology, nanotechnology, plasma physics, biotechnology and environmental engineering, electric and electronic engineering, robotics, measurement, identification, and control, soft computing techniques and modeling, multimedia and e-Learning. The book is a valuable scientific reference resource for the global scientific community.
Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Radiation Materials Science by : GARY S. WAS
Download or read book Fundamentals of Radiation Materials Science written by GARY S. WAS and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-08 with total page 1014 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The revised second edition of this established text offers readers a significantly expanded introduction to the effects of radiation on metals and alloys. It describes the various processes that occur when energetic particles strike a solid, inducing changes to the physical and mechanical properties of the material. Specifically it covers particle interaction with the metals and alloys used in nuclear reactor cores and hence subject to intense radiation fields. It describes the basics of particle-atom interaction for a range of particle types, the amount and spatial extent of the resulting radiation damage, the physical effects of irradiation and the changes in mechanical behavior of irradiated metals and alloys. Updated throughout, some major enhancements for the new edition include improved treatment of low- and intermediate-energy elastic collisions and stopping power, expanded sections on molecular dynamics and kinetic Monte Carlo methodologies describing collision cascade evolution, new treatment of the multi-frequency model of diffusion, numerous examples of RIS in austenitic and ferritic-martensitic alloys, expanded treatment of in-cascade defect clustering, cluster evolution, and cluster mobility, new discussion of void behavior near grain boundaries, a new section on ion beam assisted deposition, and reorganization of hardening, creep and fracture of irradiated materials (Chaps 12-14) to provide a smoother and more integrated transition between the topics. The book also contains two new chapters. Chapter 15 focuses on the fundamentals of corrosion and stress corrosion cracking, covering forms of corrosion, corrosion thermodynamics, corrosion kinetics, polarization theory, passivity, crevice corrosion, and stress corrosion cracking. Chapter 16 extends this treatment and considers the effects of irradiation on corrosion and environmentally assisted corrosion, including the effects of irradiation on water chemistry and the mechanisms of irradiation-induced stress corrosion cracking. The book maintains the previous style, concepts are developed systematically and quantitatively, supported by worked examples, references for further reading and end-of-chapter problem sets. Aimed primarily at students of materials sciences and nuclear engineering, the book will also provide a valuable resource for academic and industrial research professionals. Reviews of the first edition: "...nomenclature, problems and separate bibliography at the end of each chapter allow to the reader to reach a straightforward understanding of the subject, part by part. ... this book is very pleasant to read, well documented and can be seen as a very good introduction to the effects of irradiation on matter, or as a good references compilation for experimented readers." - Pauly Nicolas, Physicalia Magazine, Vol. 30 (1), 2008 “The text provides enough fundamental material to explain the science and theory behind radiation effects in solids, but is also written at a high enough level to be useful for professional scientists. Its organization suits a graduate level materials or nuclear science course... the text was written by a noted expert and active researcher in the field of radiation effects in metals, the selection and organization of the material is excellent... may well become a necessary reference for graduate students and researchers in radiation materials science.” - L.M. Dougherty, 07/11/2008, JOM, the Member Journal of The Minerals, Metals and Materials Society.
Download or read book Tungsten written by Erik Lassner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why does someone write a book about Tungsten? There are several reasons and precedents for this, the most important of which is that the last book on tungsten was written more than 20 years ago, in 1977, by St. W H. Yih and Ch T. Wang. During the intervening period there have been many new scientific and technological developments and innova tions, so it was not only our opinion but the view of many other members of the "tungsten family" that it was time to start writing a new book about tungsten. Preparations of the new book began in 1994. further impetus to the project was provided by the realization that in spite of this new knowledge having been presented at seminars or published in the technical press, a general acknowledgement of it by the majority of technicians and scientists is still far from being realized. It is our hope that this book will significantly contribute to a broader acceptance of recent scientific and technological innovations. An important prerequisite for such a project is the availability of a recently retired, experienced person willing to devote his time and talents to the tedious part of the exercise.
Book Synopsis Physics of Radiation Effects in Crystals by : R.A. Johnson
Download or read book Physics of Radiation Effects in Crystals written by R.A. Johnson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ``Physics of Radiation Effects in Crystals'' is presented in two parts. The first part covers the general background and theory of radiation effects in crystals, including the theory describing the generation of crystal lattice defects by radiation, the kinetic approach to the study of the disposition of these defects and the effects of the diffusion of these defects on alloy compositions and phases. Specific problems of current interest are treated in the second part and include anisotropic dimensional changes in x-uranium, zirconium and graphite, acceleration of thermal creep in reactor materials, and radiation damage of semiconductors and superconductors.
Book Synopsis Physics of Plasma-Wall Interactions in Controlled Fusion by : D. E. Post
Download or read book Physics of Plasma-Wall Interactions in Controlled Fusion written by D. E. Post and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-21 with total page 1178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Controlled thermonuclear fusion is one of the possible candidates for long term energy sources which will be indispensable for our highly technological society. However, the physics and technology of controlled fusion are extremely complex and still require a great deal of research and development before fusion can be a practical energy source. For producing energy via controlled fusion a deuterium-tritium gas has to be heated to temperatures of a few 100 Million °c corres ponding to about 10 keV. For net energy gain, this hot plasma has to be confined at a certain density for a certain time One pro mising scheme to confine such a plasma is the use of i~tense mag netic fields. However, the plasma diffuses out of the confining magnetic surfaces and impinges on the surrounding vessel walls which isolate the plasma from the surrounding air. Because of this plasma wall interaction, particles from the plasma are lost to the walls by implantation and are partially reemitted into the plasma. In addition, wall atoms are released and can enter the plasma. These wall atoms or impurities can deteriorate the plasma performance due to enhanced energy losses through radiation and an increase of the required magnetic pressure or a dilution of the fuel in the plasma. Finally, the impact of the plasma and energy on the wall can modify and deteriorate the thermal and mechanical pro perties of the vessel walls.
Book Synopsis Thermally Activated Mechanisms in Crystal Plasticity by : D. Caillard
Download or read book Thermally Activated Mechanisms in Crystal Plasticity written by D. Caillard and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-09-08 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: KEY FEATURES: - A unified, fundamental and quantitative resource. The result of 5 years of investigation from researchers around the world - New data from a range of new techniques, including synchrotron radiation X-ray topography provide safer and surer methods of identifying deformation mechanisms - Informing the future direction of research in intermediate and high temperature processes by providing original treatment of dislocation climb DESCRIPTION: Thermally Activated Mechanisms in Crystal Plasticity is a unified, quantitative and fundamental resource for material scientists investigating the strength of metallic materials of various structures at extreme temperatures. Crystal plasticity is usually controlled by a limited number of elementary dislocation mechanisms, even in complex structures. Those which determine dislocation mobility and how it changes under the influence of stress and temperature are of key importance for understanding and predicting the strength of materials. The authors describe in a consistent way a variety of thermally activated microscopic mechanisms of dislocation mobility in a range of crystals. The principles of the mechanisms and equations of dislocation motion are revisited and new ones are proposed. These describe mostly friction forces on dislocations such as the lattice resistance to glide or those due to sessile cores, as well as dislocation cross-slip and climb. They are critically assessed by comparison with the best available experimental results of microstructural characterization, in situ straining experiments under an electron or a synchrotron beam, as well as accurate transient mechanical tests such as stress relaxation experiments. Some recent attempts at atomistic modeling of dislocation cores under stress and temperature are also considered since they offer a complementary description of core transformations and associated energy barriers. In addition to offering guidance and assistance for further experimentation, the book indicates new ways to extend the body of data in particular areas such as lattice resistance to glide.
Book Synopsis Magnetic Fusion Technology by : Thomas J. Dolan
Download or read book Magnetic Fusion Technology written by Thomas J. Dolan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-02-10 with total page 816 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Magnetic Fusion Technology describes the technologies that are required for successful development of nuclear fusion power plants using strong magnetic fields. These technologies include: • magnet systems, • plasma heating systems, • control systems, • energy conversion systems, • advanced materials development, • vacuum systems, • cryogenic systems, • plasma diagnostics, • safety systems, and • power plant design studies. Magnetic Fusion Technology will be useful to students and to specialists working in energy research.
Book Synopsis Microwave Discharges by : Carlos M. Ferreira
Download or read book Microwave Discharges written by Carlos M. Ferreira and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-21 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of a NATO ARW held in Vimeiro, Portugal, May 11-15, 1992
Author :Lauralice de Campos Franceschini Canale Publisher :ASM International ISBN 13 :1615030980 Total Pages :651 pages Book Rating :4.6/5 (15 download)
Book Synopsis Failure Analysis of Heat Treated Steel Components by : Lauralice de Campos Franceschini Canale
Download or read book Failure Analysis of Heat Treated Steel Components written by Lauralice de Campos Franceschini Canale and published by ASM International. This book was released on 2008 with total page 651 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ion-Solid Interactions by : Michael Nastasi
Download or read book Ion-Solid Interactions written by Michael Nastasi and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1996-03-29 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive guide to an important materials science technique for students and researchers.
Book Synopsis The Noble Gases as Geochemical Tracers by : Pete Burnard
Download or read book The Noble Gases as Geochemical Tracers written by Pete Burnard and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-15 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The twelve chapters of this volume aim to provide a complete manual for using noble gases in terrestrial geochemistry, covering applications which range from high temperature processes deep in the Earth’s interior to tracing climatic variations using noble gases trapped in ice cores, groundwaters and modern sediments. Other chapters cover noble gases in crustal (aqueous, CO2 and hydrocarbon) fluids and laboratory techniques for determining noble gas solubilities and diffusivities under geologically relevant conditions. Each chapter deals with the fundamentals of the analysis and interpretation of the data, detailing sampling and sampling strategies, techniques for analysis, sources of error and their estimation, including data treatment and data interpretation using recent case studies.
Book Synopsis Particle Physics Reference Library by : Christian W. Fabjan
Download or read book Particle Physics Reference Library written by Christian W. Fabjan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020 with total page 1083 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second open access volume of the handbook series deals with detectors, large experimental facilities and data handling, both for accelerator and non-accelerator based experiments. It also covers applications in medicine and life sciences. A joint CERN-Springer initiative, the "Particle Physics Reference Library" provides revised and updated contributions based on previously published material in the well-known Landolt-Boernstein series on particle physics, accelerators and detectors (volumes 21A, B1,B2,C), which took stock of the field approximately one decade ago. Central to this new initiative is publication under full open access
