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Characterization Of Charge Injection Processes Of Thin Films On Indium Tin Oxide Electrodes Using A Novel Spectroelectrochemical Technique Potential Modulated Attenuated Total Reflectance Spectroscopy
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Book Synopsis CHARACTERIZATION OF CHARGE INJECTION PROCESSES OF THIN FILMS ON INDIUM TIN OXIDE ELECTRODES USING A NOVEL SPECTROELECTROCHEMICAL TECHNIQUE: POTENTIAL-MODULATED ATTENUATED TOTAL REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY. by : Zeynep Araci
Download or read book CHARACTERIZATION OF CHARGE INJECTION PROCESSES OF THIN FILMS ON INDIUM TIN OXIDE ELECTRODES USING A NOVEL SPECTROELECTROCHEMICAL TECHNIQUE: POTENTIAL-MODULATED ATTENUATED TOTAL REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY. written by Zeynep Araci and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding interfacial charge injection processes is one of the key factors needed for development of efficient organic electronic devices, such as biosensors and energy conversion systems, since these processes control the electrical characteristics of these devices. Spectroelectrochemical characterization of electron transfer processes occurring at the electrode - electroactive thin film interface has been evaluated to improve our understanding of charge transfer kinetics using a novel form of electroreflectance spectroscopy, potential-modulated attenuated total reflectance (PM-ATR), which makes it possible to sensitively monitor spectroscopic changes in thin films as a function of applied potential. PM-ATR was used to evaluate three different redox-active films deposited on indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes to investigate: i) the orientation dependence of charge transfer rates of thin films of biomolecules, ii) surface treatment and modification effects on charge transfer kinetics of conducting polymers and, iii) estimation of rates of electron injection and conduction band edge of semiconductor nanocrystalline materials. First, Prussian blue film as a model system was used successfully to examine the PM-ATR technique for determination of the charge transfer rate constant between ITO and a molecular film. Second, an anisotropic and redox active protein film, cytochrome c, was used to probe charge transfer rates with respect to molecular orientation. The electron transfer rate measured using TM polarized light was four-fold greater than that measured using TE polarized light. These data are the first to correlate a distribution of molecular orientations with a distribution of electron transfer rates in a redox-active molecular film. Third, the effects of ITO surface treatment and modification on charge transfer kinetics on a conducting polymer, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene/)/poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT/PSS), were studied. The apparent interfacial charge transfer rate constant for PEDOT/PSS on ITO has been reported for the first time which cannot be measured otherwise with conventional electrochemistry due to high non-Faradaic background of PEDOT/PSS films. Fourth, PM-ATR enabled characterization of reversible redox processes between submonolayer coverages of surface-tethered, CdSe nanocrystals and ITO for the first time. Optically determined onset potentials for electron injection were used for estimation for the conduction band and valance band energies (ECB and EVB, respectively).
Book Synopsis Modification of Indium Tin Oxide Surfaces with Phosphonic Acid Functionalized Phthalocyanines by : Luis E. Oquendo Galarza
Download or read book Modification of Indium Tin Oxide Surfaces with Phosphonic Acid Functionalized Phthalocyanines written by Luis E. Oquendo Galarza and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overall efficiency of organic photovoltaics cells (OPVs) is influenced by the nature of the charge injection barrier at the transparent conducting oxide (TCO) bottom contact. Modification of the transparent conducting oxide (TCO)/organic interface with an electroactive molecular monolayer will potentially create a robust ohmic contact that will influence the efficiency of hole injection into the TCO. Asymmetric zinc Phthalocyanines (ZnPc) with a flexible phosphonic acid (PA) linker have been synthesized and used to modify indium tin oxide (ITO) surfaces. The adsorption of PA functionalized asymmetric ZnPcs on an ITO/waveguide was monitored using attenuated total reflectance (ATR) spectroscopy. Polarized dependent ATR spectroscopy was used to determine the orientation of these absorbed subpopulations species on ITO modified surfaces as a function of wavelength using transverse electric (TE) or transverse magnetic (TM) polarized light. The first oxidation potential on absorbed monolayers was found by cyclic voltammetry to be resolved into two peaks indicative of two electrochemically distinct subpopulations of molecules, atributed to aggregates and monomerics forms of PA functionalized ZnPcs. Potential modulated ATR (PM-ATR) spectroelechtrochemistry was employed to measure the charge transfer rates constants (k(s, app)) at ITO modified surfaces using TE and TM polarized light. Faster charge transfer rate constants were found for molecules with a smaller tunneling distance. A k(s, app) of 3.9 x 104 s−1 represents the fastest rate measured for PA functionalized ZnPc chromophore tethered to an ITO waveguide electrode by PM-ATR. We synthesized and characterized the first examples of PA functionalized RuPcs to investigate the effect of molecular orientation on charge transfer properties at an ITO/organic interface. PA functionalized RuPcs have the ability to coordinate axial ligand to suppress aggregation, providing the flexibility of connecting the anchoring group through the axial position of the metal and allowing chemisorption of the molecule in plane with ITO. Cyclic voltammetry and ATR UV/vis spectroscopy on the modified ITO surface demonstrated a surface composition of a closed-packed monolayer of monomeric species. Measurement of the charge transfer rates constants demonstrated that RuPc anchored to ITO exhibited slow rates compared to corresponding surface bound ZnPcs. Finally, we describe the synthesis and characterization of a new PA functionalized N-pyridinyl perylenediimide (PDI)-RuPc donor-acceptor dyad capable of chemisorption to ITO surfaces as a molecular-level heterojunction system to study photo induced charge separated states. The developed ensemble was proven to be stable on ITO for further study of charge injection events from the dyad to the oxide surface.
Book Synopsis Transparent Conducting Pure and Tin Doped Indium Oxide Films - Preparation and Characterization by : Dr. B. Radhakrishna
Download or read book Transparent Conducting Pure and Tin Doped Indium Oxide Films - Preparation and Characterization written by Dr. B. Radhakrishna and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2019-03-26 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Badeker in 1907 observed that some materials are optically transparent in the visible light and electrically conducting [1]. Because of the increasing interest in electrically and electronically active materials, the search for materials and the techniques for producing semi-transparent electrically conducting films have gained much importance. In an intrinsic stoichiometric material, it is not possible to have simultaneously high transparency (>80%%) in the visible region and high electrical conductivity (>103 Ω cm-1). A variety of metals in thin film form (
Book Synopsis Characterization of Indium Tin Oxide Thin Films Deposited on Polyethylene Terepthalate and Polycarbonate Substrates by : Mohammad Javed Akhter Khan
Download or read book Characterization of Indium Tin Oxide Thin Films Deposited on Polyethylene Terepthalate and Polycarbonate Substrates written by Mohammad Javed Akhter Khan and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Tin Oxide & Indium-Tin Oxide Thin Films for Photovotaic Application by : Anshuman Borthakur
Download or read book Tin Oxide & Indium-Tin Oxide Thin Films for Photovotaic Application written by Anshuman Borthakur and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2014-04 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With dwindling energy reserves, Photovoltaic(PV) module which is one of the most promising renewable sources of energy is slowly becoming indispensable for world's electricity production paradigm. Due to the low electrical resistance and high optical transparency in the visible range of the electromagnetic spectrum, Transparent Conducting Oxide (TCO) thin film(TF)s have found application as window electrode for fabrication of solar cell. Besides TCOs have wide application in display devices and other optoelectronic devices. This book mainly focuses on the fabrication and study of the optoelectronic properties of TCO thin films with special reference to PV application. This book also includes the fabrication and study of a heterojunction II-VI semiconductor solar cell using TCO as front electrode. It also highlights different methods used for the study of optoelectrical and structural properties of TF (e.g. SEM, XRD, thickness measurement, optical band gap, mobility, determination of carrier type, carrier concentration, conductivity etc.). This book is designed to serve as a handbook for the beginners who want to work in the field of thin film technology.
Book Synopsis Characterization of Inert Gas RF Plasma-treated Indium Tin Oxide Thin Films Deposited Via Pulsed DC Magnetron Sputtering by : Amber Nicole Reed
Download or read book Characterization of Inert Gas RF Plasma-treated Indium Tin Oxide Thin Films Deposited Via Pulsed DC Magnetron Sputtering written by Amber Nicole Reed and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Charge Injection and Chemistry at the Indium Tin Oxide-organic Interface by : Delia J. Markiewicz
Download or read book Charge Injection and Chemistry at the Indium Tin Oxide-organic Interface written by Delia J. Markiewicz and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Microstructure Characterisation of Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) Thin Films by :
Download or read book Microstructure Characterisation of Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) Thin Films written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Preparation and Characterization of Indium Tin Oxide Thin Film by Co-precipitation Method by : Siti Azura Abdul Wahap
Download or read book Preparation and Characterization of Indium Tin Oxide Thin Film by Co-precipitation Method written by Siti Azura Abdul Wahap and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Structural, Electrical and Optical Characterization of Indium Tin Oxide Films After Degradation Under Various Conditions by : Meizhen Gao
Download or read book Structural, Electrical and Optical Characterization of Indium Tin Oxide Films After Degradation Under Various Conditions written by Meizhen Gao and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Fabrication and Characterization of Indium Tin Oxide Films by :
Download or read book Fabrication and Characterization of Indium Tin Oxide Films written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Characterization of DC Reactive Sputtered Indium Tin Oxide Thin Films by : Philip Infante
Download or read book Characterization of DC Reactive Sputtered Indium Tin Oxide Thin Films written by Philip Infante and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Indium tin oxide (ITO) is a widely used transparent conductor due to its ability to ofer higher conductance and better etch ability over other transparent conductors. ITO has been utilized as transparent electrodes in liquid crystal displays and heterojunction solar cells, as transparent heat reflecting films, as the sensing medium in gas sensors, and in optoelectronic device applications. In general, these films are characterized by high transparency in the visible spectra, high reflectance in the IR and absorption in the UV regions, and near metallic conductivity.
Book Synopsis Characterization and Optimization of Indium-tin Oxide (ITO) for Hydrogen Photoelectrodes by : Gia Piao Chin
Download or read book Characterization and Optimization of Indium-tin Oxide (ITO) for Hydrogen Photoelectrodes written by Gia Piao Chin and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Characterization of Thin Films Used as Electrodes in Electrochemical Devices, Phase II by :
Download or read book Characterization of Thin Films Used as Electrodes in Electrochemical Devices, Phase II written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The work described in this Phase II final report examines a variety of physical methods which have been applied to the characterization of thin film morphology. Properties such as pore size, surface roughness, porosity, thickness, surface area, permeability, and pore/particle interface have all been evaluated using conventional and/or novel techniques. The techniques investigated include image analysis, profilometry, permeametry, porosimetry, and gas adsorption.
Book Synopsis Investigation of Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) Thin Films and Nanocrystalline Powders by Use of XPS by : Bagas Pujilaksono
Download or read book Investigation of Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) Thin Films and Nanocrystalline Powders by Use of XPS written by Bagas Pujilaksono and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Purely Electronic Mechanism of Electrolyte Gating of Indium Tin Oxide Thin Films by :
Download or read book Purely Electronic Mechanism of Electrolyte Gating of Indium Tin Oxide Thin Films written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Epitaxial indium tin oxide films have been grown on both LaAlO3 and yttria-stabilized zirconia substrates using RF magnetron sputtering. Electrolyte gating causes a large change in the film resistance that occurs immediately after the gate voltage is applied, and shows no hysteresis during the charging/discharging processes. When two devices are patterned next to one another and the first one gated through an electrolyte, the second one shows no changes in conductance, in contrast to what happens in materials (like tungsten oxide) susceptible to ionic electromigration and intercalation. These findings indicate that electrolyte gating in indium tin oxide triggers a pure electronic process (electron depletion or accumulation, depending on the polarity of the gate voltage), with no electrochemical reactions involved. Electron accumulation occurs in a very thin layer near the film surface, which becomes highly conductive. These results contribute to our understanding of the electrolyte gating mechanism in complex oxides and may be relevant for applications of electric double layer transistor devices.
Book Synopsis Sputtered Indium Tin Oxide Films for Optoelectronic Applications by : Oleksandr Malik
Download or read book Sputtered Indium Tin Oxide Films for Optoelectronic Applications written by Oleksandr Malik and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High-quality indium tin oxide (ITO) films have been fabricated using a DC sputtering technique in a pure argon atmosphere with a postannealing in an oxygen environment at atmosphere pressure. Structural, morphological, and electro-optical parameters of the ITO films were studied at different annealing temperatures for the films fabricated on two types of glass substrates, soda lime and alkali-free substrates. A comparative analysis shows that low-cost soda lime substrates are suitable for the fabrication of high-quality nanocrystalline ITO films after annealing them at 300°C. This result is of great importance for reducing the cost of thin film solar cells, in which ITO films serve as transparent conducting electrodes. We present a comparison of the properties of sputtered ITO films with those fabricated using a spray pyrolysis deposition technique, which is useful for some optoelectronic applications.
