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Characterization Inheritance And Covariation Of Maize Zea Mays L Traits Relevant To Cellulosic Biofuels Production
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Book Synopsis Characterization, Inheritance, and Covariation of Maize (Zea Mays L.) Traits Relevant to Cellulosic Biofuels Production by : Aaron Joel Lorenz
Download or read book Characterization, Inheritance, and Covariation of Maize (Zea Mays L.) Traits Relevant to Cellulosic Biofuels Production written by Aaron Joel Lorenz and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Analysis of Complex Inherited Traits in Maize (Zea Mays L.) by Expression Profiling Using Microarrays by : Anna Maria Użarowska
Download or read book Analysis of Complex Inherited Traits in Maize (Zea Mays L.) by Expression Profiling Using Microarrays written by Anna Maria Użarowska and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Analysis of Complex Inherited Traits in Maize (Zea Mays L.) by Expression Profiling Using Microarrays by :
Download or read book Analysis of Complex Inherited Traits in Maize (Zea Mays L.) by Expression Profiling Using Microarrays written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this work, phenotypic and molecular events leading to plant height heterosis formation and sugarcane mosaic virus resistance were examined. Phenotypic investigations of heterosis revealed different reaction of inbred lines to environmental stress as compared to theis hybrids, as well as discrepancy in the architecture of inbreds and hybrids. Further on, molecular examination of both complex inherited traits, based on the usage of high-throughput microarray technology allowed the identification of single genes and gene expression patterns related to the questioned phenomena. Subsequent association of microarray approach with quantitative real-time PCR method demonstrated the potential and reliability of the combination of these two techniques in gene discovery.
Book Synopsis Identification and Characterization of a Maize (zea Mays L.) Gene Controlling Embryogenic Tissue Culture Response and Enhancement of Maize Transformation Systems by : Frank Lloyd McFarland
Download or read book Identification and Characterization of a Maize (zea Mays L.) Gene Controlling Embryogenic Tissue Culture Response and Enhancement of Maize Transformation Systems written by Frank Lloyd McFarland and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Maize is one of the most economically important crops in the US and globally for food, feed, and biofuel production. Efficient production of regenerable, embryogenic tissue cultures of maize is necessary for both basic biological research and applied biotechnological approaches to maize genetic improvement. Efficient generation of regenerable cultures in maize is highly genotype-dependent and, historically, researchers in academia and industry have relied extensively upon a restrictively small number of genotypes amenable to conventional tissue culture. To identify the genetic basis for genotypic differences in culture response, a mapping-based approach was utilized. The tissue culture response trait from the regenerable maize inbred A188 was backcrossed into the recalcitrant inbred B73. An A188 genomic introgression spanning 3 Mb on chromosome 3 was strongly associated with regenerable tissue culture response. Three candidate genes were selected in the region based on their expression in A188 immature embryos and functional annotations of genes in the region. A screen of each candidate gene expressed under constitutive promoters identified a single candidate, Wox2a, which was found to induce somatic embryogenesis and embryogenic callus in B73.A complementary approach to mapping the A188 culture response trait was undertaken to map the genotype-dependent response of diverse maize lines to Wuschel2/Baby boom (Wus/Bbm)-mediated genetic transformation. Though Wus/Bbm-mediated transformation reduced recalcitrance of many lines through co-transformation with developmental regulators, strong trends of genotype-dependence were still observed. Ten diverse maize lines were screened to identify lines highly amenable to Wus/Bbm-mediated transformation. Transgenic plants/events were recovered from eight of the ten lines. One line, Gaspé Flint, generated transgenic events efficiently and at a wide range of embryo maturities. A Gaspé Flint x B73 introgression library was screened through Wus/Bbm-mediated transformation and Gaspe̹ Flint introgressions associated with transformability were identified on chromosomes 1, 4, and 7. The scale of the transformation experiments necessitated isolation of thousands of immature embryo explants, for which a high-throughput method of embryo isolation (SIMPLE extraction) was developed. Methods for SIMPLE extraction, as well as optimized methods for Wus/Bbm-mediated and Wox2a-mediated maize transformation were developed to enable easy adoption these developing technologies.
Book Synopsis Identification and Characterization of a Maize (zea Mays L.) Gene Controlling Embryogenic Tissue Culture Response and Enhancement of Maize Transformation Systems by : Frank Lloyd McFarland
Download or read book Identification and Characterization of a Maize (zea Mays L.) Gene Controlling Embryogenic Tissue Culture Response and Enhancement of Maize Transformation Systems written by Frank Lloyd McFarland and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Maize is one of the most economically important crops in the US and globally for food, feed, and biofuel production. Efficient production of regenerable, embryogenic tissue cultures of maize is necessary for both basic biological research and applied biotechnological approaches to maize genetic improvement. Efficient generation of regenerable cultures in maize is highly genotype-dependent and, historically, researchers in academia and industry have relied extensively upon a restrictively small number of genotypes amenable to conventional tissue culture. To identify the genetic basis for genotypic differences in culture response, a mapping-based approach was utilized. The tissue culture response trait from the regenerable maize inbred A188 was backcrossed into the recalcitrant inbred B73. An A188 genomic introgression spanning 3 Mb on chromosome 3 was strongly associated with regenerable tissue culture response. Three candidate genes were selected in the region based on their expression in A188 immature embryos and functional annotations of genes in the region. A screen of each candidate gene expressed under constitutive promoters identified a single candidate, Wox2a, which was found to induce somatic embryogenesis and embryogenic callus in B73.A complementary approach to mapping the A188 culture response trait was undertaken to map the genotype-dependent response of diverse maize lines to Wuschel2/Baby boom (Wus/Bbm)-mediated genetic transformation. Though Wus/Bbm-mediated transformation reduced recalcitrance of many lines through co-transformation with developmental regulators, strong trends of genotype-dependence were still observed. Ten diverse maize lines were screened to identify lines highly amenable to Wus/Bbm-mediated transformation. Transgenic plants/events were recovered from eight of the ten lines. One line, Gaspé Flint, generated transgenic events efficiently and at a wide range of embryo maturities. A Gaspé Flint x B73 introgression library was screened through Wus/Bbm-mediated transformation and Gaspé Flint introgressions associated with transformability were identified on chromosomes 1, 4, and 7. The scale of the transformation experiments necessitated isolation of thousands of immature embryo explants, for which a high-throughput method of embryo isolation (SIMPLE extraction) was developed. Methods for SIMPLE extraction, as well as optimized methods for Wus/Bbm-mediated and Wox2a-mediated maize transformation were developed to enable easy adoption these developing technologies.
Book Synopsis Genetic Dissection of Cell Wall Composition and Digestibility in Maize (Zea Mays L.) by :
Download or read book Genetic Dissection of Cell Wall Composition and Digestibility in Maize (Zea Mays L.) written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The global increase in energy needs has driven significant attention to the production of bioenergy, which is the energy produced from biological materials. Moreover, this attention has been exacerbated by concerns related to the effects of climate change on energy security. The goal of this thesis was to dissect the genetic architecture of cell wall composition and digestibility in plant tissues relevant for the production of bioenergy, specifically, cellulosic ethanol from maize stover. The cost-effective production of cellulosic ethanol depends, to a large extent, on advancing knowledge in four main areas: (1) characterizing of endogenous variation to determine the appropriate germplasm source(s) needed for cellulosic ethanol production, (2) assessing the effects of cell wall composition and cell wall structure on the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis (digestibility), (3) characterizing maize genes that can be genetically transformed to enhance biomass yield and conversion efficiency, and (4) developing of rapid screening protocols to evaluate biomass conversion efficiency. This thesis involves the aforementioned four areas. First, a stalk-core sampling device and procedure were developed to allow high-throughput screening of thousands of maize stalk-core samples. Second, tropical and other non-temperate maize germplasm sources were characterized for cell wall composition and digestibility diversity. Third, the relationships among various cell wall composition and digestibility traits across two relevant biomass tissues, as well as their repeatabilities and heritabilities, were evaluated. Subsequently, the genetic architecture of quantitative variation in maize cell wall composition and digestibility was dissected in diverse maize populations, providing direction to potential breeding strategies expected to improve the utility of maize biomass for the production of biofuels. In summary, this thesis constitutes a substantial effort to establish research and breeding strategies to accelerate the development of renewable fuels from plant biomass.
Book Synopsis Qtl Analysis and Evaluation of Seed Production Environment for Maize (Zea Mays L.) Seedling Emergence and Characterization of Sugary1 Alleles for Seed Composition, Seedling Emergence, and ISA1 Activity by :
Download or read book Qtl Analysis and Evaluation of Seed Production Environment for Maize (Zea Mays L.) Seedling Emergence and Characterization of Sugary1 Alleles for Seed Composition, Seedling Emergence, and ISA1 Activity written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Maize ( Zea mays ssp. mays) was domesticated from a lowland race of teosinte (Zea mays ssp. parviglumis) in a single domestication event approximately 9,000 years ago in central Mexico. Through the process of domestication, maize experienced a genetic bottleneck and selection that caused a loss of allelic variation across the whole genome and at potentially important loci in modern maize. Seedling emergence is one trait associated with a domestication syndrome, however, its underlying genetic structure and importance during domestication of maize is unknown. Analysis of the nucleotide diversity of genes in the starch synthesis pathway has identified a signature of selection at sugary1 (su1) indicating that the locus was putatively important for the domestication of maize. At least five naturally occurring alleles at the su1 locus have been identified. The first research chapter uses two maize by teosinte NIL populations (W22 and B73) to evaluate seedling emergence from multiple seed production environments. Analysis of both populations identified significant seed production and genotype by seed production effects for seedling emergence traits. Use of multiple seed production environments is important for the evaluation of seedling emergence traits and in studies to identify their genetic structure. Further research is necessary to confirm the identified QTL as loci putatively important for seedling emergence during maize domestication. The second research chapter characterized five naturally occurring su1 mutant alleles for seedling emergence, field traits, mature kernel composition, and ISA1 enzyme activity. These five alleles were backcrossed to A619 and A632, two modern maize inbred lines. The su1 mutant lines were grown in three seed production environments to evaluate seedling emergence, field traits, and mature kernel composition. Immature kernels were used for analysis of starch composition and enzymatic activity. Significant differences were identified among the su1 mutant lines for the evaluated germination and emergence traits. Differences were observed in the presence of ISA1 enzyme; however, no functional ISA1 enzyme activity was observed. Further research is necessary to elucidate the differences for appearance, starch composition, and seed germination and emergence traits in lines with no functional ISA1 enzyme activity.
Book Synopsis Molecular-marker-mediated Dissection of Quantitative Inheritance in Maize (Zea Mays L.) by : Michel Ragot
Download or read book Molecular-marker-mediated Dissection of Quantitative Inheritance in Maize (Zea Mays L.) written by Michel Ragot and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evaluation and Characterization of Maize (Zea Mays L.) Genotypes for Morphological, Grain Yield and Quality Traits [With CD Copy] by : Vikash
Download or read book Evaluation and Characterization of Maize (Zea Mays L.) Genotypes for Morphological, Grain Yield and Quality Traits [With CD Copy] written by Vikash and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Breeding Maize for Enhanced Silage Quality by : Timothy John Gustafson
Download or read book Breeding Maize for Enhanced Silage Quality written by Timothy John Gustafson and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Characterization of the Brown Midrib4 Gene of Maize (Zea Mays L.) by : Danielle Elizabeth Reed
Download or read book Characterization of the Brown Midrib4 Gene of Maize (Zea Mays L.) written by Danielle Elizabeth Reed and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Analysis of Genetic Variation in Complex Traits of Maize by : Jason Andrew Peiffer
Download or read book An Analysis of Genetic Variation in Complex Traits of Maize written by Jason Andrew Peiffer and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Maize (Zea mays L.) is a complex crop. Governed by the universal processes of evolution that dictate the differential reproduction of all life, maize germplasm has been gradually adapted to better suit societal needs through domestication and breeding. However, these modifications were largely accomplished with little knowledge of the genetic architecture or molecular mechanics of its traits. Investigating the reaches of the rhizosphere to the top of the tassel, the following studies analyze the natural variation of complex maize traits to better understand both their means and degree of inheritance. First, the heritability and environmental specificity of maize-microbe interactions were estimated by pyrosequence profiling 16s rRNA gene amplicons from rhizosphere bacterial populations of diverse inbreds grown in multiple maize field environments. We found substantial variation in bacterial diversity was attributable to environment. Nonetheless, a small but significant proportion of variation was heritable. While kinship inferred from a simple additive model assuming contributions from all polymorphisms did not explain this heritable variation, its discovery is a step toward identifying those genes responsible for novel plantmicrobe interactions in natural environments. Second, maize stalk strength variation was analyzed to delineate the accuracy of genomic prediction in a low heritability trait. While few robust loci were associated with stalk strength, a significant proportion of heritable variation was captured by kinship among the inbreds. This revealed the efficacy of genomic prediction and suggested the potential to accurately predict other low heritability phenotypes such as yield. These and similar efforts to facilitate the selection of genotyped seed with desirable qualities before planting will enhance breeding efficiency. Finally, variation in the most classic and heritable of complex traits, maize height was partitioned to reveal its genetic architecture and pleiotropy with other traits such as flowering time and node counts. As anticipated height was highly polygenic and well captured by kinship; however, an interesting finding was the lacking concordance between mapped loci and those established through previous cloning efforts. Equally intriguing was the paucity of pleiotropic loci identified for height and flowering time. These findings reveal the potential for independent evolvability of these traits during maize breeding.
Book Synopsis Isolation and Characterization of Maize (Zea Mays L.) Mitochondrial Polyribosomes by : Virginia Cox Crane
Download or read book Isolation and Characterization of Maize (Zea Mays L.) Mitochondrial Polyribosomes written by Virginia Cox Crane and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Zea Mays L. written by Sarah Dunn and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Zea mays L. is a potential producer of cereal crops and the dominant primary energy source of feed for monogastric animals, such as poultry. The first chapter in this book aims to determine the potential of phytase-producing endophytic bacteria, as an invisible avail for Zea mays L. High phytate levels in maize seeds is a problem encountered when used as raw material in poultry feed. The second chapter of this book focuses on the physical traits, chemical composition, and their relationship with wet-milling properties and nutritional quality parameters of maize hybrids of different maturity groups and various endosperm types (dent, semi-dent and flint). Finally, Mesoamerican cultures are generally regarded as advanced societies that, among other contributions to humanity, are known to have domesticated cultivated plants as Zea mays. Maize is one of the staple foods of the Mexican population and the practice of nixtamalization of maize seeds before Spanish conquest in 1521, is fundamental in the preparation of dough for tortillas. The last chapter examines the effect of salicyclic acid in maize bioproductivity"--
Download or read book Wheat Facts and Futures 2009 written by and published by CIMMYT. This book was released on with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309484529 Total Pages :511 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Negative Emissions Technologies and Reliable Sequestration by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Negative Emissions Technologies and Reliable Sequestration written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-04-08 with total page 511 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To achieve goals for climate and economic growth, "negative emissions technologies" (NETs) that remove and sequester carbon dioxide from the air will need to play a significant role in mitigating climate change. Unlike carbon capture and storage technologies that remove carbon dioxide emissions directly from large point sources such as coal power plants, NETs remove carbon dioxide directly from the atmosphere or enhance natural carbon sinks. Storing the carbon dioxide from NETs has the same impact on the atmosphere and climate as simultaneously preventing an equal amount of carbon dioxide from being emitted. Recent analyses found that deploying NETs may be less expensive and less disruptive than reducing some emissions, such as a substantial portion of agricultural and land-use emissions and some transportation emissions. In 2015, the National Academies published Climate Intervention: Carbon Dioxide Removal and Reliable Sequestration, which described and initially assessed NETs and sequestration technologies. This report acknowledged the relative paucity of research on NETs and recommended development of a research agenda that covers all aspects of NETs from fundamental science to full-scale deployment. To address this need, Negative Emissions Technologies and Reliable Sequestration: A Research Agenda assesses the benefits, risks, and "sustainable scale potential" for NETs and sequestration. This report also defines the essential components of a research and development program, including its estimated costs and potential impact.
Book Synopsis Plant Breeding in the Omics Era by : Rodomiro Ortiz Ríos
Download or read book Plant Breeding in the Omics Era written by Rodomiro Ortiz Ríos and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-09-16 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of plant breeding has grown rapidly in the last decade with breakthrough research in genetics and genomics, inbred development, population improvement, hybrids, clones, self-pollinated crops, polyploidy, transgenic breeding and more. This book discusses the latest developments in all these areas but explores the next generation of needs and discoveries including omics beyond genomics, cultivar seeds and intellectual and property rights. This book is a leading-edge publication of the latest results and forecasts important areas of future needs and applications.
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