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Characterization And Analysis Of Damage Progression In Non Traditional Composite Laminates With Circular Holes
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Book Synopsis Characterization and Analysis of Damage Progression in Non-traditional Composite Laminates with Circular Holes by : Paul James Treasurer
Download or read book Characterization and Analysis of Damage Progression in Non-traditional Composite Laminates with Circular Holes written by Paul James Treasurer and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon Fiber / Epoxy Laminates are increasingly being used in the primary structure of aircraft. To make effective use these materials, it is necessary to consider the ability of a laminate to resist damage, as well as material strength and stiffness. A possible means for improving damage tolerance is the use of non-traditional composite laminates, in which the longitudinal 0 plies are replaced with 5 or 10 plies. The main objectives of this collaborative Georgia Tech / Boeing research was the characterization of these non-traditional laminates, and the determination of appropriate lamina-level analytical techniques that are capable of predicting the changes caused by the use of slightly off-axis longitudinal plies. A quasi-isotropic [45/90/-45/theta/45/90/-45/-theta]s and hard [45/theta/-45/theta/90/45]s lay-up, where theta =0,5 or 10, were tested in open hole tension, filled hole tension, open hole compression, single shear bearing, and unnotched tension. These coupon level tests illustrated the effects of lay-up, notch constraint, and load type on traditional and non-traditional laminates. Die penetrant enhanced in-situ radiography was performed to determine the extent of damage suppression. The use of non-traditional laminates was found to reduce longitudinal ply cracking and delamination, with significant effect on the stress distribution around the notch. The use of non-traditional laminates also resulted in a 15%-20% improvement in bearing strength of the traditional laminates. Several predictive techniques were implemented to evaluate their ability to predict the effect of slight changes in ply orientations. A progressive damage model was written to compare Tsai-Wu, Hashin, and Maximum Stress unnotched strength criterion. Additionally, several semi-empirical failure theories for notched strength prediction were compared with linear and bi-linear cohesive zone models to determine applicability to non-traditional laminates.
Book Synopsis Damage Progression Under Compressive Loading in Composite Laminates Containing an Open Hole by : C. Poon
Download or read book Damage Progression Under Compressive Loading in Composite Laminates Containing an Open Hole written by C. Poon and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper describes an experimental investigation into damage progression in compressively loaded quasi-isotropic laminates with a circular hole and the prediction of damage initiation using 3D finite element failure analysis. Notched laminated plates were fabricated from Narmco IM6/5245C with three stacking sequences; +45/0/45/90(sub 6s), (+ 45)sub 3/(0)sub 3/( -45)sub 3/(90)sub 3)(sub 2S), AND (+ 45)6/(O)sub 6/( -45)sub 6/(90)sub 6)sub s. Most specimens were tested to ultimate failure but some were stopped prior to failure. The criterion for stopping the test was the detection of audible acoustic emission. The tests revealed that the notched strength decreased as the ply group thickness increased. An examination of the hole surface of those specimens not taken to ultimate failure revealed delaminations at the +45 deg /C deg and -45 deg/O deg interfaces and failure of the +45 deg and 0 deg ply groups. For the specimen where six plies with the same fibre orientation were grouped, the midplane of the O deg ply group also contained a delamination. A tensor polynomial failure criterion which used all the six stress states determined from the 3D finite element analysis at the laminate characteristic dimension was used to predict initial laminate failure.
Book Synopsis Proceedings of the American Society for Composites, Seventeenth Technical Conference by : C. T. Sun
Download or read book Proceedings of the American Society for Composites, Seventeenth Technical Conference written by C. T. Sun and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-10-24 with total page 1685 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 1572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Impact Damage Characterisation in Composite Laminates by : Mohamed Thariq Bin Hameed Sultan
Download or read book Impact Damage Characterisation in Composite Laminates written by Mohamed Thariq Bin Hameed Sultan and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overall purpose of this research is to detect and quantify low-velocity impact damage in structures made from composite materials. This research represents a study using simplified coupon specimens. The composite material chosen for the current research is a woven Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) prepreg with a MTM57 resin system (42%RW) with CF2900 fabric (280 g/m2, 12K and 2 x 2 twill fabric). This woven material was fabricated to produce coupon size specimens of 250 mm x 150 mm with II, 12 and 13 layers of thickness. Piezoelectric sensors of type SONOX® P5 were placed on three different locations on each of the coupon size specimens to record the responses along different directions of the ply and at different distances from the impact events. Two different approaches were used to record the acceleration response signals resulting from the impact excitation. The first approach used the LMS Testlab Impact Modal Analysis environment in order to acquire time data and produce spectra for a number of non-damaging impacts from a standard instrumented impulse hammer. The second approach used an instrumented drop-test rig to perform the potentially damaging impacts. The impact energies for this approach were set to range from 0.37 J to 41.72 J. The response signals from each test specimen were recorded using the LMS SCADAS III data acquisition system and saved for evaluation. To gather the appropriate information to make inferences regarding the extent of the damage, two different methods were used to estimate the damaged area. The first method measured the damage size using a vernier caliper directly on the impacted surface. The second method used developed X-ray films. For the latter method, the damage area was estimated as the rectangular area bounded by the width and length of the largest flaws visible parallel to the two plate axes. The correlation between the damage area in terms of the impact energy and force detected is presented and discussed. In this research, following a systematic series of experiments on the induction of impact damage in composite specimens, Scanning Electron Microscopy was used to inspect the topographies of the impacted surface at high magnifications. Two different approaches were used here to observe the type of failure modes. The first observation was on the surface defects of the impacted samples whilst the second type, usually categorised as destructive testing, visualised the cross-sectional defects to look at the internal damages. A damage model and damage pattern was developed from this work, which can provide sufficient information on the type and extent of damage. Both the damage model and pattern can be used to provide fundamental understanding of damage and failure mode progression in carbon fibre reinforced compo~ites with varying layer numbers and impact energies. Wavelet analysis is a well-known and powerful approach to feature extraction for problems in condition monitoring and damage detection. In this research, it is applied in the context of impact damage detection and quantification. The approach was based on response time signals recorded from the piezoelectric sensors. Damage indices in terms of Root Mean Square, Power Spectrum Density and Envelope Mean were presented. The results show that all three potential damage indices show a monotonic increase with impact energy and this behaviour is important when damage needs to be detected directly from the impact data. The current research was based on the idea of implementing machine-learning methods to identify and categorise (damaging and non-damaging) impacts using structural response data. To implement this idea, a novelty detection method using outlier analysis was used. This method has proved to be a successful in separating the damaged and non-damage features and classifying the types of failure modes. This method was considered an excellent approach to identify and categorise the impact events using structural response data.
Book Synopsis Analytical and Experimental Characterization of Damage Processes in Composite Laminates by : George J. Dvorak
Download or read book Analytical and Experimental Characterization of Damage Processes in Composite Laminates written by George J. Dvorak and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents a brief summary of the principal results obtained in a research program on damage development in fibrous composite laminates. The following technical subjects are described: (i) Effect of transverse cracks and fiber breaks on stiffness changes in unidirectional and laminated plates. (ii) Effect of ply thickness on initial failure and on progressive cracking in brittle matrix laminates, and (iii) Analysis of progressive cracking in metal and polymer composite laminates. Work in progress is discussed as well. Keywords: Composite materials, Cracking, Damage accumulation. (jes).
Download or read book Applied Mechanics Reviews written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Defects and Damage in Composite Materials and Structures by : Rikard Benton Heslehurst
Download or read book Defects and Damage in Composite Materials and Structures written by Rikard Benton Heslehurst and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-04-21 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The advantages of composite materials include a high specific strength and stiffness, formability, and a comparative resistance to fatigue cracking and corrosion. However, not forsaking these advantages, composite materials are prone to a wide range of defects and damage that can significantly reduce the residual strength and stiffness of a structure or result in unfavorable load paths. Emphasizing defect identification and restitution, Defects and Damage in Composite Materials and Structures explains how defects and damage in composite materials and structures impact composite component performance. Providing ready access to an extensive, descriptive list of defects and damage types, this must-have reference: Examines defect criticality in composite structures Recommends repair actions to restore structural integrity Discusses failure modes and mechanisms of composites due to defects Reviews NDI processes for finding and identifying defects in composite materials Relating defect detection methods to defect type, the author merges his experience in the field of in-service activities for composite airframe maintenance and repair with indispensable reports and articles on defects and damage in advanced composite materials from the last 50 years.
Book Synopsis Proceedings of the American Society for Composites 2014-Twenty-ninth Technical Conference on Composite Materials by : Hyonny Kim
Download or read book Proceedings of the American Society for Composites 2014-Twenty-ninth Technical Conference on Composite Materials written by Hyonny Kim and published by DEStech Publications, Inc. This book was released on 2014-09-17 with total page 3583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New and not previously published U.S. and international research on composite and nanocomposite materialsFocus on health monitoring/diagnosis, multifunctionality, self-healing, crashworthiness, integrated computational materials engineering (ICME), and moreApplications to aircraft, armor, bridges, ships, and civil structures This fully searchable CD-ROM contains 270 original research papers on all phases of composite materials, presented by specialists from universities, NASA and private corporations such as Boeing. The document is divided into the following sections: Aviation Safety and Aircraft Structures; Armor and Protection; Multifunctional Composites; Effects of Defects; Out of Autoclave Processing; Sustainable Processing; Design and Manufacturing; Stability and Postbuckling; Crashworthiness; Impact and Dynamic Response; Natural, Biobased and Green; Integrated Computational Materials Engineering (ICME); Structural Optimization; Uncertainty Quantification; NDE and SHM Monitoring; Progressive Damage Modeling; Molecular Modeling; Marine Composites; Simulation Tools; Interlaminar Properties; Civil Structures; Textiles. The CD-ROM displays figures and illustrations in articles in full color along with a title screen and main menu screen. Each user can link to all papers from the Table of Contents and Author Index and also link to papers and front matter by using the global bookmarks which allow navigation of the entire CD-ROM from every article. Search features on the CD-ROM can be by full text including all key words, article title, author name, and session title. The CD-ROM has Autorun feature for Windows 2000 or higher products and can also be used with Macintosh computers. The CD includes the program for Adobe Acrobat Reader with Search 11.0. One year of technical support is included with your purchase of this product.
Book Synopsis International Aerospace Abstracts by :
Download or read book International Aerospace Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 1016 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Virtual Crack Closure Technique: History, Approach and Applications by : Ronald Krueger
Download or read book The Virtual Crack Closure Technique: History, Approach and Applications written by Ronald Krueger and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An overview of the virtual crack closure technique is presented. The approach used is discussed, the history summarized, and insight into its applications provided. Equations for two-dimensional quadrilateral elements with linear and quadratic shape functions are given. Formula for applying the technique in conjuction with three-dimensional solid elements as well as plate/shell elements are also provided. Necessary modifications for the use of the method with geometrically nonlinear finite element analysis and corrections required for elements at the crack tip with different lengths and widths are discussed. The problems associated with cracks or delaminations propagating between different materials are mentioned briefly, as well as a strategy to minimize these problems. Due to an increased interest in using a fracture mechanics based approach to assess the damage tolerance of composite structures in the design phase and during certification, the engineering problems selected as examples and given as references focus on the application of the technique to components made of composite materials.
Book Synopsis Practical Analysis of Aircraft Composites by : Brian Esp
Download or read book Practical Analysis of Aircraft Composites written by Brian Esp and published by . This book was released on 2017-10-28 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Engineered Materials Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Finite Element Modelling of Composite Materials and Structures by : F L Matthews
Download or read book Finite Element Modelling of Composite Materials and Structures written by F L Matthews and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-10-27 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Finite element modelling of composite materials and structures provides an introduction to a technique which is increasingly being used as an analytical tool for composite materials.The text is presented in four parts: Part one sets the scene and reviews the fundamentals of composite materials together with the basic nature of FRP and its constituents. Two-dimensional stress-strain is covered, as is laminated plated theory and its limitations. Part two reviews the basic principles of FE analysis, starting with underlying theoretical issues and going on to show how elements are derived, a model is generated and results are processed. Part three builds on the basics of FE analysis and considers the particular issues that arise in applying finite elements to composites, especially to the layered nature of the material. Part four deals with the application of FE to FRP composites, presenting analytical models alongside FE representations. Specific issues addressed include interlaminar stresses, fracture delamination, joints and fatigue. This book is invaluable for students of materials science and engineering, and for engineers and others wishing to expand their knowledge of structural analysis. Covers important work on finite element analysis of composite material performance Based on material developed for an MSc course at Imperial College, London, UK Covers particular problems such as holes, free edges with FE results compared with experimental data and classical analysis
Book Synopsis Health Monitoring of Aerospace Structures by : Wieslaw Staszewski
Download or read book Health Monitoring of Aerospace Structures written by Wieslaw Staszewski and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-02-13 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing quality research for the reader, this title encompasses all the recent developments in smart sensor technology for health monitoring in aerospace structures, providing a valuable introduction to damage detection techniques. Focussing on engineering applications, all chapters are written by smart structures and materials experts from aerospace manufacturers and research/academic institutions. This key reference: Discusses the most important aspects related to smart technologies for damage detection; this includes not only monitoring techniques but also aspects related to specifications, design parameters, assessment and qualification routes. Presents real case studies and applications; this includes in-flight tests; the work presented goes far beyond academic research applications. Displays a balance between theoretical developments and engineering applications
Book Synopsis Impact Behaviour of Fibre-Reinforced Composite Materials and Structures by : S. R. Reid
Download or read book Impact Behaviour of Fibre-Reinforced Composite Materials and Structures written by S. R. Reid and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-10-12 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study covers impact response, damage tolerance and failure of fibre-reinforced composite materials and structures. Materials development, analysis and prediction of structural behaviour and cost-effective design all have a bearing on the impact response of composites and this book brings together for the first time the most comprehensive and up-to-date research work from leading international experts. State of the art analysis of impact response, damage tolerance and failure of FRC materials Distinguished contributors provide expert analysis of the most recent materials and structures Valuable tool for R&D engineers, materials scientists and designers
Book Synopsis Polymer Composites in the Aerospace Industry by : P. E. Irving
Download or read book Polymer Composites in the Aerospace Industry written by P. E. Irving and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-09-17 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymer composites are increasingly used in aerospace applications due to properties such as strength and durability compared to weight. Edited by two leading authorities in the field, this book summarises key recent research on design, manufacture and performance of composite components for aerospace structures. Part one reviews the design and manufacture of different types of composite component. Part two discusses aspects of performance such as stiffness, strength, fatigue, impact and blast behaviour, response to temperature and humidity as well as non-destructive testing and monitoring techniques.
