Characteristics and Professional Qualifications of NCAA Divisions II and III Athletic Directors

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 81 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (772 download)

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Book Synopsis Characteristics and Professional Qualifications of NCAA Divisions II and III Athletic Directors by : Kaleb Russell Center

Download or read book Characteristics and Professional Qualifications of NCAA Divisions II and III Athletic Directors written by Kaleb Russell Center and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Athletic directors (ADs) in institutions of higher education are the chief administrators of their respective athletic departments. The purpose of this study is to describe the current demographic, educational, and professional characteristics of National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division II and III ADs. Forty-five Division II ADs and 105 Division III ADs responded to a survey of 725 institutions, returning response rates of 15.5% and 24.1% respectively. Findings for social and educational demographics mirror those of previous studies. Subjects in both divisions studied athletic administration in post-graduate work, but studies in education were also common. Experiences in coaching and athletic administration were most frequent for both samples. Division II ADs were notably experienced in compliance, while teaching experiences were common with Division III ADs. Both sets were heavily involved in finance and internal policy, but Division II responses emphasized community relations while Division III responses emphasized campus relations. Limited resources challenged ADs in both groups. In conclusion, NCAA institutions, especially those with athletic administration departments and significant minority populations, should promote NCAA diversity initiatives campus-wide. Students and professionals preparing for a career as a Division II or Division III AD should pursue post-graduate education in an administrative field, preferably in concentrations of sport or education. They should choose a career path involving teaching, coaching, or an administrative specialization within athletics, and they should be familiar with finance and NCAA regulations. Recommendations for future research include detailed analysis of AD job design and investigating whether ADs can be clustered based on their involvement in various tasks.

A Profile of the Characteristics and Professional Development Needs of National Collegiate Athletic Association Division II Athletic Directors

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781303014529
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (145 download)

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Book Synopsis A Profile of the Characteristics and Professional Development Needs of National Collegiate Athletic Association Division II Athletic Directors by : Dustin Paul Smith

Download or read book A Profile of the Characteristics and Professional Development Needs of National Collegiate Athletic Association Division II Athletic Directors written by Dustin Paul Smith and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose for conducting the study was to identify the personal, professional, and educational backgrounds of NCAA Division II athletic directors. The study was designed to detail the professional development opportunities that existed among the population, and determine how frequently the NCAA Division II athletic directors took advantage of the opportunities that were available to them. The significance of the study rested on the ability to identify the NCAA Division II athletic director population and describe the qualities and characteristics that comprised the target population. Since little data existed detailing this population, the study provided an opportunity to describe a population involved in the membership of NCAA Division II. The study identified 317 athletic directors at either active NCAA Division II membership institutions or those institutions who were involved in the Division II membership process throughout the United States and used it as the target population. The results of the study indicated a demographic heavily comprised of Caucasian males whom had participated in intercollegiate athletics as an undergraduate and had coached at the collegiate level before becoming an athletic director. Although females were significantly outnumbered among the population, the response rate for females was proportionately more significant than their male counterparts. These results were consistent with the research that had been conducted on athletic administrators across the entire NCAA membership. The results of the study indicated a majority of the NCAA Division II athletic directors had earned a master's degree and had no desire to pursue an additional degree. The results of the study revealed a variety of professional development opportunities that existed and were utilized by the population on a consistent basis.

NCAA Division I Athletic Directors

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis NCAA Division I Athletic Directors by : Glenn M Wong

Download or read book NCAA Division I Athletic Directors written by Glenn M Wong and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: College athletics, perhaps even more so than professional sports, engender a high degree of affinity and attachment. Boosters and alumni are willing to give millions to further the cause of their alma mater. Several schools welcome over one hundred thousand spectators from all over the country to a single home football game on autumn Saturdays. College football's 2014 (and last) Bowl Championship Series (“BCS”) National Championship game garnered some of the highest ratings in cable history. Every March economists estimate hundreds of millions of dollars in productivity is lost due to Madness. The position of Athletic Director is perhaps the most prestigious in all of college athletics. It is, in a sense, the general manager of a portfolio of sports teams that potentially represents the university in front of millions of spectators. However, the duties and responsibilities of an Athletic Director are very different from its professional counterpart. Instead of reporting to a team president or owner, the Athletic Director answers to the university president, chancellor, or board of directors (or governors). The teams do not belong to a professional sport league, but instead are part of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (“NCAA”). NCAA amateurism rules (for now) require that student-athletes are not paid, and therefore Athletic Directors primarily concern themselves with issues such as compliance, fundraising, and coaching contract decisions in lieu of salary caps, player contract negotiations, drafts and free agency. The purpose of this paper is to study how the constitution of Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (“FBS”) Athletic Directors has changed over the last twenty years. The revenues associated with college football and men's basketball have increased as those sports have become more popular. Given the rising stakes and increasing pressure to perform, many industry professionals believe that there is a conscience movement away from the traditional exercise of hiring ex-coaches as Athletic Directors toward a preference for individuals with a strong business background or previous Athletic Director experience. In support, many cite that the compensation package for top Athletic Directors has become commensurate with business executives who deal with tens or hundreds of millions in revenue. For example, Vanderbilt AD David Williams was the highest paid Athletic Director in 2013, earning over $3.2 million. In all, nine Athletic Directors that year posted earnings over $1 million. To study whether this hypothesized tendency toward business experience is accurate, and to identify other trends in the data, we gathered as much information as possible on the Athletic Directors of the 120 FBS institutions during the 1989-90, 1999-2000, and 2011-12 school years. The information was gathered using a variety of sources, including colleges and universities, news articles and media guides. The article is comprised of four sections. The first section describes the environment in which Athletic Directors operate in order to better understand their job responsibilities. In so doing, we attempt to briefly elucidate the operation of the NCAA and the athletic departments of universities. The second section explains the numerous duties of a college Athletic Director framed in the context of the difficult legal issues covering those duties. The third section examines the data we collected and analyzed, giving particular attention to collegiate playing and coaching experience, past Athletic Director experience, business background, education, age, and gender and race. This data is then compared among the three samples taken over the twenty year window. The final section, termed “Career Tracks,” draws conclusions on what paths recent Athletic Directors have taken to reach their positions.

Professional Preparation of the NCAA Division L Athletic Director

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 99 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (743 download)

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Book Synopsis Professional Preparation of the NCAA Division L Athletic Director by : Jeffrey Charles Spenard

Download or read book Professional Preparation of the NCAA Division L Athletic Director written by Jeffrey Charles Spenard and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study collected occupational data from the 99 National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I membership institutions head athletic directors. The purpose of this study was to identify common professional preparation and occupational characteristics among NCAA Division I athletic directors. Through issuing an electronic survey, the current study identified common characteristics and themes among Division I athletic directors specifically within the socio-demographical background, educational background, professional experience and career progression, and career and job satisfaction. The study also provided demographic information about the participant's institutional athletic department. The necessity of this study is not due directly to the current lack of current literature and research within the collegiate administration, rather in reference to literature examining the athletic administration occupational field. The study provides an occupational framework in regards to the career progression, training, and characteristics of NCAA Division I athletic director career field. The study's purpose was to examine the career growth of NCAA Division I athletic directors, as well as evaluate the demographic and socio-demographics characteristics of the NCAA Division I athletic director. The research and data collected from the study's participants provided the author the opportunity to create a profile of the athletic administration career field and more specifically, the detailed qualities sought in a NCAA Division I athletic director. The results from the study are beneficial to aspiring persons that wish to work in the field of collegiate athletics administration by correlating common occupational framework for educational requirements, professional experience and years necessary to gather the appropriate experience and also to identify an overview of the job and career satisfaction common among current NCAA Division I athletic directors. In doing so, the study utilized homosocial reproduction as its theoretical framework. The study's results concluded that the field of athletic administration, and specifically NCAA Division I athletic directors are disproportionally white males (89% white, 90% male), and further examined the educational and professional background characteristics and experiences which lead to this occupational characteristic.

An Athletic Director’s Story and the Future of College Sports in America

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Publisher : Rutgers University Press
ISBN 13 : 1978802129
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (788 download)

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Book Synopsis An Athletic Director’s Story and the Future of College Sports in America by : Robert E. Mulcahy

Download or read book An Athletic Director’s Story and the Future of College Sports in America written by Robert E. Mulcahy and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2020-02-14 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An Athletic Director's Story is the story of Robert Mulcahy's transforming decade as Rutgers University athletic director. His first-hand account describes the challenges awaiting him in 1998: To elevate the athletics program's assets - coaches and staffs, student athletes, facilities, and school pride - from hardly known to national prominence and achievement in NCAA Division I sports.

An Investigation to Analyze Differences in Leadership Characteristics of Directors of Athletics in the Three Divisions of the National Collegiate Athletic Association and the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 190 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis An Investigation to Analyze Differences in Leadership Characteristics of Directors of Athletics in the Three Divisions of the National Collegiate Athletic Association and the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics by : Jack Marshall Toms

Download or read book An Investigation to Analyze Differences in Leadership Characteristics of Directors of Athletics in the Three Divisions of the National Collegiate Athletic Association and the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics written by Jack Marshall Toms and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Career Patterns of Male and Female NCAA Division I, II, and III Athletic Directors

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (24 download)

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Book Synopsis The Career Patterns of Male and Female NCAA Division I, II, and III Athletic Directors by : Maureen Patricia Fitzgerald

Download or read book The Career Patterns of Male and Female NCAA Division I, II, and III Athletic Directors written by Maureen Patricia Fitzgerald and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Administration of Intercollegiate Athletics

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Publisher : Human Kinetics
ISBN 13 : 1718213026
Total Pages : 458 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (182 download)

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Book Synopsis Administration of Intercollegiate Athletics by : Robert Zullo

Download or read book Administration of Intercollegiate Athletics written by Robert Zullo and published by Human Kinetics. This book was released on 2024-02-27 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The dynamic world of collegiate sports has seen seismic changes since the previous edition of Administration of Intercollegiate Athletics was published. Conference realignments; name, image, and likeness (NIL) advancements; multibillion-dollar media rights deals; expanded bowl games and tournaments; and big-money corporate sponsorships have all been arisen out of the burgeoning popularity of college sports. The growing complexities of the sport administrator’s role necessitate a college text that reflects the times. And that’s exactly what Administration of Intercollegiate Athletics, Second Edition, does. Some of the most informed and experienced professionals in the field of athletics administration have lent their expertise to the updated second edition, making it the most comprehensive resource available today for students aspiring to work in the field and for professionals navigating an increasingly demanding environment. The text offers students a deep dive into the day-to-day operations of collegiate athletics departments. With chapters covering governing bodies and conference governance; leadership and management; rules compliance; academics, eligibility, and student-athlete development; media relations and production; financial operations and budgeting; marketing, ticketing, licensing, and sponsorships; facility and event management; alumni relations; and support services, the text provides students with the essential underpinnings of an athletics administration position. New to this edition is a chapter dedicated to diversity, equity, and inclusion to provide broader discussions of athlete social justice activism, gender equity, Title IX compliance, feminist theory, and allyship. In addition, the second edition discusses the rise of NIL deals, legalized sports wagering, and esports, as well as the lasting financial impacts of COVID-19 on athletics departments at all levels of intercollegiate sport. While Division I schools grab the spotlight, administrators in Division II, Division III, junior colleges, and National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA) athletics departments share the same responsibilities as their Division I counterparts. Throughout the text, Administration of Intercollegiate Athletics, Second Edition, takes care to address the needs and concerns of administrators at these levels, even more so than in the previous edition. New and updated features include Leadership Lesson sidebars, discussion questions, learning activities, and case studies designed to enhance learning and provide practical application of the concepts presented. Also included are Industry Profile sidebars that highlight prominent athletics administrators, Technology Tools sidebars that showcase the latest advancements assisting administrators in their roles, and Professional Development sidebars that provide students with direction on how to enter and succeed in the industry. Administration of Intercollegiate Athletics, Second Edition, is an essential textbook for courses on intercollegiate athletics, sport management, or sport marketing and is a relied-on resource for current sport administrators.

The Role of Interactions Between Athletic Directors, Coaches, and Staff on Organizational Culture and Structure

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 139 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (126 download)

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Book Synopsis The Role of Interactions Between Athletic Directors, Coaches, and Staff on Organizational Culture and Structure by : Anton A. J. Johansson

Download or read book The Role of Interactions Between Athletic Directors, Coaches, and Staff on Organizational Culture and Structure written by Anton A. J. Johansson and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: The role of interactions between Athletic Directors, Coaches, and Staff on organizational structure and culture was examined using a phenomenological case study approach at a selected NCAA Division III athletic department. 18 individuals identified within the department, with various experiences were interviewed and asked to complete two scales: LSS (Chelladurai & Saleh, 1980) and Grit (Duckworth et al., 2007). From the data collected, there were five main themes and ten attributes that emerged from the data: 1) Communication, 2) Relationships, 3) Institutional support, 4) Philosophy/mission/vision, and 5) Leadership style; trust, compassion, empowerment, autonomy, consistency, competence, accountability, responsibility, respect, and ownership. The methodology of the study covered development of organizational culture and structure within the setting of a selected NCAA Division III institution. The results from the current study aimed to provide professionals in the field of NCAA Division III intercollegiate athletics with a framework to develop a positive culture that empowers the members within and to examine culture development and leadership styles across NCAA Divisions.

Assessment of Leadership Traits Required for the Intercollegiate Athletic Director Position

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (973 download)

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Book Synopsis Assessment of Leadership Traits Required for the Intercollegiate Athletic Director Position by : David A. Paitson

Download or read book Assessment of Leadership Traits Required for the Intercollegiate Athletic Director Position written by David A. Paitson and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study was to a) examine leadership traits of effective Athletic Directors and b) determine the differences and similarities between NCAA Division I, II,III, and NAIA University Presidents’ and Athletic Directors’ assessments of the methods of leadership required for the position of Director of Intercollegiate Athletics, with particular regards to Autocratic, Democratic, Positive Feedback, Training and Instruction, Social Support, and Situational Consideration Behaviors, which are concepts drawn from Zhang and others’s (1997) Revised Leadership Scale for Sports (RLSS), an instrument specifically designed to measure research on sports-specific leadership behavior. A purposive sampling design was implemented. Fourteen participants with extensive experience in NCAA Division I, II, III, and NAIA intercollegiate athletics were recruited to secure expert insight. Participants included four University Presidents and four Athletic Directors, one each from NCAA Division I, II, III, and NAIA institutions. Remaining participants included two Conference Commissioners, two Head Coaches, and two Senior Athletic Administrators, all from NCAA Division I institutions. Semistructured interviews were implemented (Krueger and Casey, 2000). A listing of traits required for the Athletic Director role were collected through an inductive approach. Answers to series of follow-up questions provided the in-depth details of each behavior mentioned in the initial response. A series of structured questions-with each intended to be representative of each of the six RLSS constructs to confirm the construct validity for the current research-were implemented utilizing a deductive approach. A classical content analysis was applied to address the research question. A holistic coding approach was taken in reviewing the participants’ initial descriptions to identify types of traits associated with the Athletic Director role. A descriptive open-coding process was utilized to carefully code the data line-by-line to capture the overall meaning intended. A constant comparison analysis was conducted to systematically condense data into codes and then to develop themes. As a result, the following themes emerged as the leadership traits required for the intercollegiate Athletic Director position: (a) communicator, (b) driven, (c) personable, (d) poised, (e) principled, (f) self-aware, (g) skilled, and (h) visionary. Recommendations for future research and practical implications are offered.

A Comparison of Managerial Skills Among NCAA Athletic Directors and Corporate Chief Executive Officers

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 420 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis A Comparison of Managerial Skills Among NCAA Athletic Directors and Corporate Chief Executive Officers by : John Larimore Richman

Download or read book A Comparison of Managerial Skills Among NCAA Athletic Directors and Corporate Chief Executive Officers written by John Larimore Richman and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Educational Preparation and Career Paths of Intercollegiate Athletic Directors

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 102 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (231 download)

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Book Synopsis The Educational Preparation and Career Paths of Intercollegiate Athletic Directors by : L. Christie Kight

Download or read book The Educational Preparation and Career Paths of Intercollegiate Athletic Directors written by L. Christie Kight and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Many hold the belief that sport administration shifted during the 1980s to more of a business orientation than before, requiring specific educational preparation. With little research being done in this area in the past decade, it is difficult for those wishing to pursue a career in athletic administration to determine the most applicable academic route. The purpose of this study was to examine the education background, athletic involvement, and work experience of college level athletic directors in order to validate or debunk the speculation found in the literature. A questionnaire using both short answer and open ended questions was sent out to 27 selected athletic directors in three western NCAA conferences. Information was collected on the athletic directors' backgrounds and their beliefs of important qualities and characteristics relevant to their position. The results of this study revealed that most athletic directors have a physical education background, participated or coached in sports, and have varied work histories. Overall athletic directors felt that leadership was the most important quality to possess for their position. Data between division levels was analyzed and there was no significant difference between the division levels"--Document.

Intercollegiate Athletics and the American University

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Publisher : University of Michigan Press
ISBN 13 : 0472021915
Total Pages : 358 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (72 download)

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Book Synopsis Intercollegiate Athletics and the American University by : James J. Duderstadt

Download or read book Intercollegiate Athletics and the American University written by James J. Duderstadt and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2009-04-21 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After decades of domination on campus, college sports' supremacy has begun to weaken. "Enough, already!" detractors cry. College is about learning, not chasing a ball around to the whir of TV cameras. In Intercollegiate Athletics and the American University James Duderstadt agrees, taking the view that the increased commercialization of intercollegiate athletics endangers our universities and their primary goal, academics. Calling it a "corrosive example of entertainment culture" during an interview with ESPN's Bob Ley, Duderstadt suggested that college basketball, for example, "imposes on the university an alien set of values, a culture that really is not conducive to the educational mission of university." Duderstadt is part of a growing controversy. Recently, as reported in The New York Times, an alliance between university professors and college boards of trustees formed in reaction to the growth of college sports; it's the first organization with enough clout to challenge the culture of big-time university athletics. This book is certainly part of that challenge, and is sure to influence this debate today and in the years to come. James J. Duderstadt is President Emeritus and University Professor of Science and Engineering, University of Michigan.

A Descriptive Study of the Career Paths of NCAA Division 1-A and Division III Athletic Directors

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (312 download)

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Book Synopsis A Descriptive Study of the Career Paths of NCAA Division 1-A and Division III Athletic Directors by : David Parry Witter

Download or read book A Descriptive Study of the Career Paths of NCAA Division 1-A and Division III Athletic Directors written by David Parry Witter and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Qualifications for Secondary School Athletic Directors

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 110 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (165 download)

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Book Synopsis Qualifications for Secondary School Athletic Directors by : Kellie J. Green

Download or read book Qualifications for Secondary School Athletic Directors written by Kellie J. Green and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The role of the secondary athletic director has become more challenging as the sports arena has increased in the last twenty years. With this increase, an interest in engaging competent personnel and gaining consistency in hiring has been expressed in recent AAHPERD conferences. The purpose of this study was to determine if any statewide qualifications or guidelines had been established for the position of secondary athletic directors. A second problem was to survey the officer in charge of athletics from the Office of Public Instruction (OPI) of each state concerning their background and opinions on the establishment of qualifications. Information was gathered via a questionnaire and analyzed by a special program written for this study on a microcomputer. The qualifications section of the questionnaire consisted of three types of characteristics: objective, subjective and related coursework. The responses indicated that only one state, Oklahoma, had established standards for secondary athletic directors. The requirements were the same as the coaching requirements and consisted of holding a valid teaching certificate, being employed by the school system and a minimum of four semester hours of coursework in physical education. The traits that were rated as most important and most feasible for qualifications were having a bachelor's degree (4.4 on a 5 point scale), attending professional conferences (3.8), membership in professional conferences (3.8) and coaching a varsity sport at the high school level (3.6). A need for qualifications or guidelines for the hiring of high school athletic directors was not expressed by the respondents surveyed for this study. However, several of the characteristics were rated as "very important," and ''very feasible" for use if qualifications were to be established"--Document.

Character Development and Intercollegiate Athletics

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Character Development and Intercollegiate Athletics by : Earnest Marcellus Fingers

Download or read book Character Development and Intercollegiate Athletics written by Earnest Marcellus Fingers and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

NCAA Athletic Directors' Self-perspective of Transformational/transactional Leadership

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 138 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (81 download)

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Book Synopsis NCAA Athletic Directors' Self-perspective of Transformational/transactional Leadership by : Laurie Watlington Manning

Download or read book NCAA Athletic Directors' Self-perspective of Transformational/transactional Leadership written by Laurie Watlington Manning and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study was to examine NCAA athletic directors' (ADs') perceptions of their own leadership styles as they relate to the five dimensions of transformational leadership and the three dimensions of transactional leadership. The research instrument was the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) with added demographic questions. In addition to the determination of the self-perceived athletic director leadership style, the intention of this study was to determine the possible relationship of demographic and institutional variables including athletic director NCAA Division, age, and gender. Participants were the athletic directors from NCAA Division I, II, and III member higher education institutions. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-tests, and one-way ANOVAs to examine the research question. The results found significant differences among the institutional variable of NCAA Divisions. A one-way ANOVA demonstrated that transformational leadership traits of intellectual stimulation and inspirational motivation set Division I ADs apart from ADs within Divisions II and III. The findings of the study may have significance for intercollegiate ADs in offering an increase in the understanding of their own leadership style. Thus, the AD can move between both transformational and transactional leadership traits depending on a specific task. The findings of the study may also provide a benefit for college and university presidents by hiring and increasing retention of ADs through matching leadership style with the needs and mission of the intercollegiate athletic department.