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Cardiac And Ventilatory Responses Of Rainbow Trout Salmo Gairdneri To Environmental Hypoxia And Hypercapnea
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Book Synopsis Cardiac and Ventilatory Responses of Rainbow Trout (Salmo Gairdneri) to Environmental Hypoxia and Hypercapnea by : Frank Melvin Smith
Download or read book Cardiac and Ventilatory Responses of Rainbow Trout (Salmo Gairdneri) to Environmental Hypoxia and Hypercapnea written by Frank Melvin Smith and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Use of Respiratory-cardiovascular Responses of Rainbow Trout (Salmo Gairdneri) in Identifying Acute Toxicity Syndromes in Fish by :
Download or read book Use of Respiratory-cardiovascular Responses of Rainbow Trout (Salmo Gairdneri) in Identifying Acute Toxicity Syndromes in Fish written by and published by . This book was released on 200? with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Water Pollution and Fish Physiology by : Alan G. Heath
Download or read book Water Pollution and Fish Physiology written by Alan G. Heath and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-02-06 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a concise synthesis of how toxic chemical pollutants affect physiological processes in teleost fish. This Second Edition of the well-received Water Pollution and Fish Physiology has been completely updated, and chapters have been added on immunology and acid toxicity. The emphasis, as in the first edition, is on understanding mechanisms of sublethal effects on fish and their responses to these environmental stressors. The first chapter covers the basic principles involved in understanding how fish respond, in general, to environmental alterations. Each subsequent chapter is devoted to a particular organ system or physiological function and begins with a short overview of normal physiology of that system/function. This is followed by a review of how various toxic chemicals may alter normal conditions in fish. Chapters covering environmental hypoxia, behavior, cellular enzymes, and acid toxicity are also included. The book closes with a discussion on the practical application of physiological and biochemical measurements of fish in water pollution control in research and regulatory settings.
Book Synopsis Journal of Experimental Biology by :
Download or read book Journal of Experimental Biology written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Collected Reprints by : Southwest Fisheries Center (U.S.)
Download or read book Collected Reprints written by Southwest Fisheries Center (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fish Ecophysiology written by J.C. Rankin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Among the fishes. a remarkably wide range of biological adaptations to diverse habitats has evolved. As well as living in the conventional habitats of lakes. ponds, rivers, rock pools and the open sea, fish have solved the problems of life in deserts. in the deep sea. in the cold antarctic. and in warm waters of high alkalinity or of low oxygen. Along with these adaptations, we find the most impressive specialisations of morphology, physiology and behaviour. For example we can marvel at the high-speed swimming of the marlins. sailfish and warm-blooded tunas, air-breathing in catfish and lungfish. parental care in the mouth-brooding cichlids and viviparity in many sharks and toothcarps. Moreover, fish are of considerable importance to the survival of the human species in the form of nutritious. delicious and diverse food. Rational exploi management of our global stocks of fishes must rely upon a detailed tation and and precise insight of their biology. The Chapman [.,. Hall Fish and Fisheries series aims to present timely volumes reviewing important aspects of fish biology. Most volumes will be of interest to research workers in biology. zoology. ecology and physiology but an additional aim is for the books to be accessible to a wide spectrum of non-specialist readers ranging from undergraduates and postgraduates to those with an interest in industrial and commercial aspects of IIsh and t1sheries.
Download or read book Collected Reprints written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Ventilatory Response and Metabolic Rate of Young Rainbow Trout (Salmo Gairdneri) in Relation to Sublethal Environmental PH. by : Jack Richard Hargis
Download or read book The Ventilatory Response and Metabolic Rate of Young Rainbow Trout (Salmo Gairdneri) in Relation to Sublethal Environmental PH. written by Jack Richard Hargis and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Vertebrate Gas Transport Cascade by : J. Eduardo P. W Bicudo
Download or read book The Vertebrate Gas Transport Cascade written by J. Eduardo P. W Bicudo and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1992-12-21 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents contributions given at the international symposium on The Vertebrate Gas Transport Cascade: Adaptations to Environment and Mode of Life, held in São Sebastião, São Paulo, Brazil from September 10-15, 1991. Recent developments in the field and the unifying principles of basic respiratory mechanisms are covered, and reviews in major areas of respiratory physiology are complemented by recent experimental data. Principal topics discussed include conditions for gas exchange in selected special environments, ventilation of the gas exchanger, diffusing capacity and exchange between respired medium and blood, respiratory pigments and oxygen transport by blood, cardiovascular function and oxygen transport by blood, oxygen delivery to tissue, and transition to anaerobic metabolism. The Vertebrate Gas Transport Cascade: Adaptations to Environment and Mode of Life will be a useful addition to the reference collections of respiratory physiologists, comparative physiologists, cardiovascular physiologists, experimental biologists, students, and others interested in the topic.
Download or read book Canadian Journal of Zoology written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Cardiovascular System by : A. Kurt Gamperl
Download or read book The Cardiovascular System written by A. Kurt Gamperl and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-11-22 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Approx.488 pages Approx.488 pages
Book Synopsis Cardiac Output and Respiratory Measurements in the Rainbow Trout and Their Application to the Study of Blood and Water Flow Limitations on Chemical Flux at the Gill by : Patricia Kathleen Schmieder
Download or read book Cardiac Output and Respiratory Measurements in the Rainbow Trout and Their Application to the Study of Blood and Water Flow Limitations on Chemical Flux at the Gill written by Patricia Kathleen Schmieder and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A method has been developed for the continuous automated monitoring of cardiac output in adult rainbow trout. Average cardiac output measured under control conditions and varied environmental conditions of hypoxia and post-hypoxia was significantly higher (P≤ 0.05) in male than female trout. The cardiac output of trout in spawning condition was significantly higher (P≤ 0.05) than that of trout not in spawning condition. Measurements of pulsatile cardiac output were made simultaneously with trout ventilation, and revealed ventilatory interactions with blood flow that varied depending on environmental oxygen condition. The method for monitoring gill blood flow was used with methods for automated measurement of gill water flow, oxygen uptake, and chemical flux in vivo. An experimental protocol was developed in which environmental oxygen was varied to obtain maximum increases in water flow over the gills without blood flow changes, and subsequent attainment of maximum increases in blood flow through the gills with decreasing water flow. The protocol was used as a probe to study variations in chemical flux with varied blood or water flow. The changes in gill flux of butanol (Log octanol/water partition coefficient (P) = 0.88) measured during control, hypoxia, and post-hypoxia correlated with observed changes in blood flow. A 70% increase in butanol flux was noted with a 50% increase in cardiac output, but there was no increase in butanol flux with a 100% increase in ventilation volume. Changes observed in the gill flux of decanol (Log P = 4.57) measured under varied environmental oxygen conditions correlated with observed changes in ventilation volume. A 100% increase in decanol flux was noted with a 160% increase in ventilation volume. The observed blood flow limitations to uptake of the low Log P butanol, and the water flow limitations to uptake of the high Log P decanol helped to verify assumptions made in recently proposed flow-limited models for prediction of chemical flux across fish gills.
Book Synopsis Effect of Diurnal Cycling Temperatures on Cardiovascular- Ventilatory Function in Statically-acclimated Rainbow Trout, Salmo Gairdneri by : James Arthur Charles Henry
Download or read book Effect of Diurnal Cycling Temperatures on Cardiovascular- Ventilatory Function in Statically-acclimated Rainbow Trout, Salmo Gairdneri written by James Arthur Charles Henry and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Four groups of rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri, were acclimated to 2°, 10°, and 18°e, and to a diurnal temperature cycle (100 ± 4°C). To evaluate the influence of cycling temperatures in terms of an immediate as opposed to acclimatory response various ventilatory-cardiovascular rate functions were observed for trout, either acclimated to cycling temperatures or acclimated to constant temperatures and exposed to a diurnal temperature cycle for the first time (10° ± 4°C for trout acclimated to 10°C; 18°+ 4°C for trout acclimated to l8°e). Gill resistance and the cardiac to ventilatory rate ratio were then calculated. Following a post preparatory recovery period of 36 hr, measurements were made over a 48 hour period with the first 24 hours being at constant temperature in the case of statically-acclimated fish followed by 24 hours under cyclic temperature conditions. Trout exhibited marked changes in oxygen consumption (Vo ) with temp- 2 erature both between acclimation groups, and in response to the diurnal temperature cycle. This increase in oxygen uptake appears to have been achieved by adjustment of ventilatory and, to some extent, cardiovascular activity. Trout exhibited significant changes in ventilatory rate (VR), stroke volume (Vsv), and flow (VG) in response to temperature. Marked changes in cardiac rate were also observed. These findings are discussed in relation to their importance in convective oxygen transport via water and blood at the gills and tissues. Trout also exhibited marked changes in pressure waveforms associated with the action of the resp; ratory pumps with temperature. Mean differenti a 1 pressure increased with temperature as did gill resistance and utilization. This data is discussed in relation to its importance in diffusive oxygen transport and the conditions for gas exchange at the gills. With one exception, rainbow trout were able to respond to changes in oxygen demand and availability associated with changes in temperature by means of adjustments in ventilation, and possibly pafusion, and the conditions for gas exchange at the gills. Trout acclimated to 18°C, however, and exposed to high cyclic temperatures, showed signs of the ventilatory and cardiovascular distress problems commonly associated with low circulating levels of oxygen in the blood. It appears these trout were unable to fully meet the oxygen requirements associated with c~ling temperatures above 18°C. These findings were discussed in relation to possible limitations in the cardiovascular-ventilatory response at high temperatures. The response of trout acclimated to cycling temperatures was generally similar to that for trout acclimated to constant temperatures and exposed to cycling temperatures for the first time. This result suggested that both groups of fish may have been acclimated to a similar thermal range, regardless of the acclimation regime employed. Such a phenomenon would allow trout of either acclimation group to respond equally well to the imposed temperature cycle. Rainbow trout showed no evidence of significant diurnal rhythm in any parameters observed at constant temperatures (2°, 10°, and 18° C), and under a 12/12 light-dark photoperiod regime. This was not taken to indicate an absence of circadian rhythms in these trout, but rather a deficiency in the recording methods used in the study.
Book Synopsis The Physiology of Fishes, Second Edition by : David H. Evans
Download or read book The Physiology of Fishes, Second Edition written by David H. Evans and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1997-10-10 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As in the bestselling first edition, The Physiology of Fishes, Second Edition is a comprehensive, state-of-the-art review of the major areas of research in modern fish physiology. This Second Edition is entirely revised, with 17 of the 18 chapters written by new authors. It also includes four entirely new chapters:
Book Synopsis Mechanisms of Systemic Regulation by : Norbert Heisler
Download or read book Mechanisms of Systemic Regulation written by Norbert Heisler and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Aquatic Animal Respiration and Cough Response Applied to Innovative Environmental Biomonitoring by : Richard W. Carlson
Download or read book Aquatic Animal Respiration and Cough Response Applied to Innovative Environmental Biomonitoring written by Richard W. Carlson and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Carbon Dioxide Chemoreception and the Cardioventilatory Effects of Hypercarbia in Fish by : John E. McKendry
Download or read book Carbon Dioxide Chemoreception and the Cardioventilatory Effects of Hypercarbia in Fish written by John E. McKendry and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In situ and in vivo experiments were performed on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to examine (i) the direct effect of CO2 on the systemic vasculature and (ii) the influence of internal versus external hypercarbic acidosis on a variety of cardiovascular variables. Adult Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) were exposed to acute, localized environmental hypercarbia (2.0 and 4.0% CO2 in air) over the gills via injections (60 ml/kg) of equilibrated seawater directly into the buccal cavity. Adult Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and Pacific spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias) were exposed to acute environmental hypercarbia (approximately 20 min). Experiments were performed to examine the influence of environmental hypercarbia on aspects of cardiorespiratory physiology, and in separate series of experiments the muscarinic antagonist atropine (100 nmol kg-1; both species) and complete branchial denervation (dogfish) were used to investigate putative CO2-chemoreceptive sites on the gills and their link to the autonomic nervous system. The homogeneity of the cardiovascular and ventilatory responses amongst fish to elevated ambient CO2 was investigated by exposing six species of fish to acute environmental hypercarbia (approximately 20 min). The experiments were performed in vivo using two marine teleosts, Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and Pacific sanddab (Citharychthus sordidus); two freshwater teleosts, brown bullhead (Ictalurus nebulosus) and American eel (Anguilla rostrata); as well as one marine elasmobranch, the Pacific spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias). (Abstract shortened by UMI.).
