Carbonic Anhydrase Mechanism Regulation Links To Disease And Industrial Applications

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Carbonic Anhydrase: Mechanism, Regulation, Links to Disease, and Industrial Applications

Author : Susan C. Frost
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400773595
Total Pages : 429 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Carbonic Anhydrase: Mechanism, Regulation, Links to Disease, and Industrial Applications by : Susan C. Frost

Download or read book Carbonic Anhydrase: Mechanism, Regulation, Links to Disease, and Industrial Applications written by Susan C. Frost and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of carbonic anhydrase has spanned multiple generations of scientists. Carbonic anhydrase was first discovered in 1932 by Meldrum and Roughton. Inhibition by sulfanilamide was shown in 1940 by Mann and Keilin. Even Hans Krebs contributed to early studies with a paper in 1948 showing the relationship of 25 different sulfonamides to CA inhibition. It was he who pointed out the importance of both the charged and uncharged character of these compounds for physiological experiments. The field of study that focuses on carbonic anhydrase (CA) has exploded in recent years with the identification of new families and isoforms. The CAs are metalloenzymes which are comprised of 5 structurally different families: the alpha, beta, gamma, and delta, and epsilon classes. The alpha class is found primarily in animals with several isoforms associated with human disease. The beta CAs are expressed primarily in plants and are the most divergent. The gamma CAs are the most ancient. These are structurally related to the beta CAs, but have a mechanism more similar to the alpha CAs. The delta CAs are found in marine algae and diflagellates. The epsilon class is found in prokaryotes in which it is part of the carboxysome shell perhaps supplying RuBisCO with CO2 for carbon fixation. With the excitement surrounding the discovery of disease-related CAs, scientists have redoubled their efforts to better understand structure-function relationships, to design high affinity, isotype-specific inhibitors, and to delineate signaling systems that play regulatory roles over expression and activity. We have designed the book to cover basic information of mechanism, structure, and function of the CA families. The authors included in this book bring to light the newest data with regard to the role of CA in physiology and pathology, across phylums, and in unique environmental niches.

The Carbonic Anhydrases

Author : W.R. Chegwidden
Publisher : Birkhäuser
ISBN 13 : 303488446X
Total Pages : 614 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (348 download)

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Book Synopsis The Carbonic Anhydrases by : W.R. Chegwidden

Download or read book The Carbonic Anhydrases written by W.R. Chegwidden and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbonic anhydrase (CA) is a seemingly ubiquitous enzyme of profound physiological importance, which plays essential roles in respiration, acid-base homeostasis, bone resorption, calcification, photosynthesis, several biosynthetic pathways and a variety of processes involving ion, gas and fluid transfer. This enzyme, which is present in at least three gene families (a, ß, ?), has found favour as a model for the study of evolution of gene families and for site-directed mutagenesis in structure/function relationships, for protein folding and for transgenic and gene target studies. Since the early use of CA inhibitors as diuretics and in treating congestive heart failure, the enzyme has been target of considerable clinical attention. Much of this is now focused on endeavours to produce a new generation of such drugs for the effective treatment of glaucoma and other potential applications. Recent data, suggesting links between CA and various disease processes, including cancer, have stimulated further...

The Carbonic Anhydrases

Author : S.J. Dodgson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9780306436369
Total Pages : 408 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (363 download)

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Book Synopsis The Carbonic Anhydrases by : S.J. Dodgson

Download or read book The Carbonic Anhydrases written by S.J. Dodgson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1991-05-31 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As we approach the twenty-first century the problems of industrialization are evident: we find there is a greenhouse effect, the ozone layer is being depleted, the rain is acidified, and there is a terrible problem of increasing C0 concentrations in the atmo 2 sphere. The carbonic anhydrases are a unique family of enzymes that solve these problems in the human body: they are responsible for converting C0 (a gas) to 2 HC0-, which is the biggest intracellular buffer, with a concomitant decrease in a 3 hydroxyl ion. Globally, the functions of the carbonic anhydrases in photosynthesis in rain forests and in the algae and plankton that cover our oceans indicate that they are also of utmost importance in the maintenance of the acid-base balance on our planet. Although the whole field of C0 metabolism is enormous and still rapidly 2 expanding, because of the research interests of the editors this book is mainly concerned with mammalian carbonic anhydrases. However, if the interested reader intends to purify carbonic anhydrases from nonmammalian sources, Dr. Cheg widden has provided the necessary information in Chapter 7. The carbonic anhydrases were first discovered in 1933; until1976 there were thought to be only two isozymes. Since then CA ill, IY, V, VI, and Vll have been discovered and well characterized. There is, of course, no reason to believe that we have found them all.

Carbonic Anhydrases as Biocatalysts

Author : Claudiu T. Supuran
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0444632638
Total Pages : 398 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (446 download)

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Book Synopsis Carbonic Anhydrases as Biocatalysts by : Claudiu T. Supuran

Download or read book Carbonic Anhydrases as Biocatalysts written by Claudiu T. Supuran and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-01-14 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) are ubiquitous metalloenzymes, present throughout most living organisms and encoded by five evolutionarily unrelated gene families. The Carbonic Anhydrases as Biocatalysts: From Theory to Medical and Industrial Applications presents information on the growing interest in the study of this enzyme family and their applications to both medicine and biotechnology. Offers comprehensive coverage of the carbonic anhydrases enzyme family and their properties as biocatalysts Includes current applications of carbonic anhydrases in biotechnology on the basis of their catalytic efficiency, including new technologies for CO2 capture processes Identifies new targets for drug design studies Provides a selectivity profile for the different carbonic anhydrases and their related biomedical applications

Carbonic Anhydrases

Author : Joni Penttinen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781536132625
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (326 download)

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Book Synopsis Carbonic Anhydrases by : Joni Penttinen

Download or read book Carbonic Anhydrases written by Joni Penttinen and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this compilation, the authors address the relationship between carbonic anhydrase IX and hypoxia. Hypoxia is a key factor influencing a life-cycle of CA IX, including its expression, correct structure, stability, function, and subsequent biological implications. Hypoxia also regulates CA IX expression by post-transcriptional mechanisms through splicing and mRNA stabilization. A review is provided focusing on the sequence of elementary reactions ensuing a catalytic reaction (catalytic mechanism) of carbonic anhydrase. The closing chapter discusses carbonic anhydrases in chloroplasts, especially their location in the organelles, as well as considers their uses.

Carbonic Anhydrases

Author : Joni Penttinen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781536132632
Total Pages : 160 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (326 download)

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Book Synopsis Carbonic Anhydrases by : Joni Penttinen

Download or read book Carbonic Anhydrases written by Joni Penttinen and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Carbonic Anhydrase as Drug Target

Author : Daumantas Matulis
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 303012780X
Total Pages : 353 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Carbonic Anhydrase as Drug Target by : Daumantas Matulis

Download or read book Carbonic Anhydrase as Drug Target written by Daumantas Matulis and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-05-21 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers deep insights into the thermodynamics and molecular structures of the twelve catalytically active isoforms of human carbonic anhydrase (CA) with a particular focus on inhibitor binding for drug design. X-ray crystallographic structures in combination with enzyme kinetic testing provide information on the interaction of CAs and their inhibitors, knowledge which is crucial for rational drug design. CAs are zinc carrying enzymes that catalyse the reversible interconversion of carbon dioxide and bicarbonate and are involved in numerous cellular processes. They are therefore a common target for drugs. The suppression of CA activities through inhibitory compounds has found application for example in diuretics and in glaucoma therapy. In this book methods used to determine binding thermodynamics of inhibitory compounds (Isothermal titration calorimetry, Fluorescent thermal shift assay/differential scanning fluorimetry and others) will be compared in detail. Also types and chemical synthesis of CA inhibitors, the use of antibodies against CAs as well as inhibitor application in animals are discussed.

Cyanobacteria Biotechnology

Author : Paul Hudson
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 352782491X
Total Pages : 560 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (278 download)

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Book Synopsis Cyanobacteria Biotechnology by : Paul Hudson

Download or read book Cyanobacteria Biotechnology written by Paul Hudson and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-04-20 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unites a biological and a biotechnological perspective on cyanobacteria, and includes the industrial aspects and applications of cyanobacteria Cyanobacteria Biotechnology offers a guide to the interesting and useful features of cyanobacteria metabolism that keeps true to a biotechnology vision. In one volume the book brings together both biology and biotechnology to illuminate the core acpects and principles of cyanobacteria metabolism. Designed to offer a practical approach to the metabolic engineering of cyanobacteria, the book contains relevant examples of how this metabolic "module" is currently being engineered and how it could be engineered in the future. The author includes information on the requirements and real-world experiences of the industrial applications of cyanobacteria. This important book: Brings together biology and biotechnology in order to gain insight into the industrial relevant topic of cyanobacteria Introduces the key aspects of the metabolism of cyanobacteria Presents a grounded, practical approach to the metabolic engineering of cyanobacteria Offers an analysis of the requirements and experiences for industrial cyanobacteria Provides a framework for readers to design their own processes Written for biotechnologists, microbiologists, biologists, biochemists, Cyanobacteria Biotechnology provides a systematic and clear volume that brings together the biological and biotechnological perspective on cyanobacteria.

The Carbonic Anhydrases: Current and Emerging Therapeutic Targets

Author : W. Richard Chegwidden
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783030795122
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (951 download)

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Book Synopsis The Carbonic Anhydrases: Current and Emerging Therapeutic Targets by : W. Richard Chegwidden

Download or read book The Carbonic Anhydrases: Current and Emerging Therapeutic Targets written by W. Richard Chegwidden and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume assembles and integrates the wealth of diverse information that is now accumulating in this burgeoning field. The existing and potential therapeutic applications of targeting CA cover a remarkably wide-range of diseases and disorders and have generated increasing and extensive interest in recent years. Its inter-disciplinary approach embraces both the most up-to-date therapeutic application of CA-targeting and the latest research data that will provide a platform for the development of novel applications. The interested audience comprises scientists and clinicians from many relevant disciplines within science and medicine.

Novel Materials for Carbon Dioxide Mitigation Technology

Author : Bryan Morreale
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0444632611
Total Pages : 414 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (446 download)

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Book Synopsis Novel Materials for Carbon Dioxide Mitigation Technology by : Bryan Morreale

Download or read book Novel Materials for Carbon Dioxide Mitigation Technology written by Bryan Morreale and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-06-01 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Materials for Carbon Dioxide Mitigation Technology offers expert insight and experience from recognized authorities in advanced material development in carbon mitigation technology and constitutes a comprehensive guide to the selection and design of a wide range of solvent/sorbent/catalyst used by scientists globally. It appeals to chemical scientists, material scientists and engineers, energy researchers, and environmental scientists from academia, industry, and government in their research directed toward greener, more efficient carbon mitigation processes. Emphasizes material development for carbon mitigation technologies rather than regulations Provides a fundamental understanding of the underpinning science as well as technological approaches to implement carbon capture, utilization and storage technologies Introduces the driving force behind novel materials, their performance and applications for carbon dioxide mitigation Contains figures, tables and an abundance of examples clearly explaining the development, characterization and evaluation of novel carbon mitigation materials Includes hundreds of citations drawing on the most recent published works on the subject Provides a wealth of real-world examples, illustrating how to bridge nano-scale materials to bulk carbon mitigation properties

Climate Change and Green Chemistry of CO2 Sequestration

Author : Malti Goel
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811600295
Total Pages : 319 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (116 download)

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Book Synopsis Climate Change and Green Chemistry of CO2 Sequestration by : Malti Goel

Download or read book Climate Change and Green Chemistry of CO2 Sequestration written by Malti Goel and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-10 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book comprises state-of-the-art scientific reviews on carbon management strategies in response to climate change. It provides in-depth information on topics relating to recent advances in carbon capture technology and its reuse in value added products. It features contributions of leading scientists and technocrats on topics including climate change and carbon sequestration, lowering carbon footprint CO2 capture, low carbon imperatives in oil industry, CO2 as refrigerant in cold-chain application, carbonic anhydrase-mediated carbon sequestration and utilization, chemical looping combustion with Indian coal, CO2 conversion to chemicals, algae based biofuels, and carbon capture patent landscaping analysis. The contents of this book will be helpful for research scholars, post-graduate students, industry, agricultural scientists and policy makers/planners.

Mining, Designing, Mechanisms and Applications of Extremophilic Enzymes

Author : Junpei Zhou
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889718751
Total Pages : 199 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (897 download)

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Book Synopsis Mining, Designing, Mechanisms and Applications of Extremophilic Enzymes by : Junpei Zhou

Download or read book Mining, Designing, Mechanisms and Applications of Extremophilic Enzymes written by Junpei Zhou and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-12-29 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Carbonic Anhydrases: Current and Emerging Therapeutic Targets

Author : W. Richard Chegwidden
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 303079511X
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis The Carbonic Anhydrases: Current and Emerging Therapeutic Targets by : W. Richard Chegwidden

Download or read book The Carbonic Anhydrases: Current and Emerging Therapeutic Targets written by W. Richard Chegwidden and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-10-30 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume assembles and integrates the wealth of diverse information that is now accumulating in this burgeoning field. The existing and potential therapeutic applications of targeting CA cover a remarkably wide-range of diseases and disorders and have generated increasing and extensive interest in recent years. Its inter-disciplinary approach embraces both the most up-to-date therapeutic application of CA-targeting and the latest research data that will provide a platform for the development of novel applications. The interested audience comprises scientists and clinicians from many relevant disciplines within science and medicine.

Carbonic Anhydrase

Author : Claudiu T. Supuran
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1134400152
Total Pages : 588 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (344 download)

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Book Synopsis Carbonic Anhydrase by : Claudiu T. Supuran

Download or read book Carbonic Anhydrase written by Claudiu T. Supuran and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-05-27 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbonic Anhydrase: Its Inhibitors and Activators provides a state-of-the-art overview of the latest developments and challenges in carbonic anhydrase research. Authors describe the mechanisms of action of specific inhibitors in relation to physiological function, and present previously unpublished research on CA activators. Written by a team of in

Carbonic Anhydrases and Metabolism

Author : Claudiu T. Supuran
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3038978000
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (389 download)

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Book Synopsis Carbonic Anhydrases and Metabolism by : Claudiu T. Supuran

Download or read book Carbonic Anhydrases and Metabolism written by Claudiu T. Supuran and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-04-08 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbonic anhydrases (CAs; EC 4.2.1.1) are metalloenzymes present in all kingdoms of life, as they equilibrate the reaction between three simple but essential chemical species: CO2, bicarbonate, and protons. Discovered more than 80 years ago, in 1933, these enzymes have been extensively investigated due to the biomedical application of their inhibitors, but also because they are an extraordinary example of convergent evolution, with seven genetically distinct CA families that evolved independently in Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. CAs are also among the most efficient enzymes known in nature, due to the fact that the uncatalyzed hydration of CO2 is a very slow process and the physiological demands for its conversion to ionic, soluble species is very high. Inhibition of the CAs has pharmacological applications in many fields, such as antiglaucoma, anticonvulsant, antiobesity, and anticancer agents/diagnostic tools, but is also emerging for designing anti-infectives, i.e., antifungal, antibacterial, and antiprotozoan agents with a novel mechanism of action. Mitochondrial CAs are implicated in de novo lipogenesis, and thus selective inhibitors of such enzymes may be useful for the development of new antiobesity drugs. As tumor metabolism is diverse compared to that of normal cells, ultimately, relevant contributions on the role of the tumor-associated isoforms CA IX and XII in these phenomena have been published and the two isoforms have been validated as novel antitumor/antimetastatic drug targets, with antibodies and small-molecule inhibitors in various stages of clinical development. CAs also play a crucial role in other metabolic processes connected with urea biosynthesis, gluconeogenesis, and so on, since many carboxylation reactions catalyzed by acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase or pyruvate carboxylase use bicarbonate, not CO2, as a substrate. In organisms other than mammals, e.g., plants, algae, and cyanobacteria, CAs are involved in photosynthesis, whereas in many parasites (fungi, protozoa), they are involved in the de novo synthesis of important metabolites (lipids, nucleic acids, etc.). The metabolic effects related to interference with CA activity, however, have been scarcely investigated. The present Special Issue of Metabolites aims to fill this gap by presenting the latest developments in the field of CAs and their role in metabolism.

Neutron Crystallography in Structural Biology

Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128192151
Total Pages : 410 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Neutron Crystallography in Structural Biology by :

Download or read book Neutron Crystallography in Structural Biology written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-02-22 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neutron Crystallography in Structural Biology, Volume 634, the latest volume in the Methods in Enzymology series, continues the legacy of this premier serial with quality chapters authored by leaders in the field. Chapters in this updated release include Fundamentals of neutron crystallography in structural biology, Large crystal growth for neutron protein crystallography, Prospects for membrane protein crystals in NMX, IMAGINE: The neutron protein crystallography beamline at the high flux isotope reactor, The macromolecular neutron diffractometer at the spallation neutron source, Current status and near future plan of neutron protein crystallography at J-PARC, Neutron macromolecular crystallography at the European spallation source, and much more. Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors Presents the latest release in the Methods in Enzymology series Includes the latest information on neutron crystallography in structural biology

Carbonic Anhydrases

Author : Claudiu T. Supuran
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128167459
Total Pages : 560 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Carbonic Anhydrases by : Claudiu T. Supuran

Download or read book Carbonic Anhydrases written by Claudiu T. Supuran and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-07-17 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbonic Anhydrases provides an interdisciplinary review of the burgeoning carbonic anhydrase (CA) research area, spanning from CAs classification (biochemical and structural features) to drug design and pharmacology of CA inhibitors and activators, finally touching on the biotechnological applications of these metalloenzymes. The book adopts a clear step-by-step approach and introduction to this intricate and highly interdisciplinary field. A diverse range of chapters from international experts speak to CA classification and distribution, the mechanisms of action and drug design of inhibitors and activators, the druggability of the various isoforms in the treatment of a multitude of diseases, and threats to human health. Carbonic Anhydrases provides biology, biochemistry, and medicinal chemistry students and researchers a thorough discussion and update on the evergreen and expanding research area of CAs. Offers a full overview of CAs’ biochemical and structural features, as well as drug design and pharmacology of inhibitors and activators Provides a thorough update on the newly identified isoforms, modulating chemotypes, and innovative biomedical applications Describes the current biotechnological applications of CAs, including processes for CO2 capture Features chapter contributions from international leaders in CA biology, medicinal chemistry, and pharmacology