Caracterisation Des Aerosols Organiques A Beyrouth Liban

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Caractérisation des aérosols organiques à Beyrouth, Liban

Author : Antoine Waked
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (835 download)

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Book Synopsis Caractérisation des aérosols organiques à Beyrouth, Liban by : Antoine Waked

Download or read book Caractérisation des aérosols organiques à Beyrouth, Liban written by Antoine Waked and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: La connaissance des sources primaires (combustion des énergies fossiles, combustion de la biomasse, éruptions des volcans, etc.) et secondaires (oxydation des composés organiques volatils (COV) suivie de la condensation formant des composés organiques particulaires) de l'aérosol organique ainsi que la caractérisation et la quantification de sa composition chimique restent un défit majeur, en particulier dans la région du Moyen Orient où les études de caractérisation de l'aérosol organique n'existent pas jusqu'à présent. Le Liban, un pays du Moyen Orient qui se situe au bord du bassin méditerranéen, représente un bon exemple pour la caractérisation des aérosols organiques dans cette région. Les travaux menés durant cette thèse s'inscrivent dans un objectif de l'étude de la qualité de l'air à Beyrouth (la capitale du Liban) en se concentrant plus spécifiquement sur les aérosols organiques. Tout d'abord, cette thèse a permis le développement d'un inventaire des émissions pour les gaz et les particules pour le Liban avec une résolution spatiale de 5 km x 5 km et pour la capitale Beyrouth avec une résolution spatiale de 1 km x 1 km. Les résultats obtenus indiquent que le transport routier est la source majoritaire responsable des émissions de monoxyde de carbone (CO), d'oxydes d'azote (NOX) et de composés organiques volatils non méthaniques (COVNM), tandis que les industries et les centrales électriques sont les principaux émetteurs des émissions de dioxyde de souffre (SO2) et des particules primaires. Ensuite, afin de caractériser les concentrations des polluants et plus spécialement la fraction organique des particules, deux campagnes de mesures intensives de 15 jours chacune ont été menées sur un site semi-urbain situé dans la banlieue de Beyrouth. Une première campagne estivale s'est déroulée en juillet 2011 et une deuxième campagne hivernale en février 2012. Ces campagnes, qui s'inscrivent dans le cadre du projet ECOCEM (Emission and Chemistry of Organic Carbon in East Mediterranean Beirut) ont permis une spéciation moléculaire et une catégorisation des sources en été et en hiver de l'aérosol organique au site de mesures où les campagnes ont été menées. En été, les précurseurs biogéniques tels que les monoterpènes et les sesquiterpènes qui aboutissent à la formation des aérosols organiques secondaires biogéniques sont la principale source à cause de l'insolation intensive et les températures élevées qui favorisent les émissions et les réactions de photo-oxydations. En hiver, la combustion de la biomasse est la principale source en raison de la combustion du bois dans le secteur résidentiel pour le chauffage. Enfin, les concentrations ambiantes des polluants à Beyrouth ont été simulées durant le mois de juillet 2011 à partir de données de l'inventaire des émissions développé dans le cadre de cette thèse en utilisant le modèle de chimie-transport Polyphemus/Polair3D. Les concentrations de polluants simulées avec le modèle ont été comparées aux concentrations mesurées durant la campagne estivale afin d'évaluer le modèle. Les résultats obtenus révèlent que le modèle est capable de simuler de manière satisfaisante les concentrations d'ozone (O3), de NOX et la plupart des composés présents dans les particules fines. Les différences entre le modèle et les mesures peuvent résulter des incertitudes dans les données d'entrée qui ont une très grande influence sur les sorties du modèle. Pour cela, une réduction des incertitudes engendrées par les données d'entrée et plus spécifiquement celles liées à l'inventaire des émissions est nécessaire. Par ailleurs, des mesures chimiques sur plusieurs sites sont aussi nécessaires dans le futur afin de mieux évaluer les simulations des concentrations de polluants.

The Mediterranean region under climate change

Author : Collectif
Publisher : IRD Éditions
ISBN 13 : 2709922207
Total Pages : 736 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (99 download)

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Book Synopsis The Mediterranean region under climate change by : Collectif

Download or read book The Mediterranean region under climate change written by Collectif and published by IRD Éditions. This book was released on 2018-11-19 with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book has been published by Allenvi (French National Alliance for Environmental Research) to coincide with the 22nd Conference of Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP22) in Marrakesh. It is the outcome of work by academic researchers on both sides of the Mediterranean and provides a remarkable scientific review of the mechanisms of climate change and its impacts on the environment, the economy, health and Mediterranean societies. It will also be valuable in developing responses that draw on “scientific evidence” to address the issues of adaptation, resource conservation, solutions and risk prevention. Reflecting the full complexity of the Mediterranean environment, the book is a major scientific contribution to the climate issue, where various scientific considerations converge to break down the boundaries between disciplines.

Production of Yellow Cake and Uranium Fluorides

Author : International Atomic Energy Agency
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 374 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Production of Yellow Cake and Uranium Fluorides by : International Atomic Energy Agency

Download or read book Production of Yellow Cake and Uranium Fluorides written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The End of Desertification?

Author : Roy H. Behnke
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 364216014X
Total Pages : 556 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (421 download)

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Book Synopsis The End of Desertification? by : Roy H. Behnke

Download or read book The End of Desertification? written by Roy H. Behnke and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-12 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The question in the title of this book draws attention to the shortcomings of a concept that has become a political tool of global importance even as the scientific basis for its use grows weaker. The concept of desertification, it can be argued, has ceased to be analytically useful and distorts our understanding of social-environmental systems and their resiliency, particularly in poor countries with variable rainfall and persistent poverty. For better policy and governance, we need to reconsider the scientific justification for international attempts to combat desertification. Our exploration of these issues begins in the Sahel of West Africa, where a series of severe droughts at the end of the 20th century led to the global institutionalization of the idea of desertification. It now seems incontrovertible that these droughts were not caused primarily by local land use mismanagement, effectively terminating a long-standing policy and scientific debate. There is now an opportunity to treat this episode as an object lesson in the relationship between science, the formation of public opinion and international policy-making. Looking beyond the Sahel, the chapters in this book provide case studies from around the world that examine the use and relevance of the desertification concept. Despite an increasingly sophisticated understanding of dryland environments and societies, the uses now being made of the desertification concept in parts of Asia exhibit many of the shortcomings of earlier work done in Africa. It took scientists more than three decades to transform a perceived desertification crisis in the Sahel into a non-event. This book is an effort to critically examine that experience and accelerate the learning process in other parts of the world.

Bioindicators & Biomonitors

Author : Bernd A. Markert
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 9780080441771
Total Pages : 1024 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (417 download)

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Book Synopsis Bioindicators & Biomonitors by : Bernd A. Markert

Download or read book Bioindicators & Biomonitors written by Bernd A. Markert and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-06-30 with total page 1024 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Table of contents

Recent Research on Geomorphology, Sedimentology, Marine Geosciences and Geochemistry

Author : Attila Çiner
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030725472
Total Pages : 373 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis Recent Research on Geomorphology, Sedimentology, Marine Geosciences and Geochemistry by : Attila Çiner

Download or read book Recent Research on Geomorphology, Sedimentology, Marine Geosciences and Geochemistry written by Attila Çiner and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-01-12 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited book is based on the papers accepted for presentation during the 2nd Springer Conference of the Arabian Journal of Geosciences (CAJG-2), Tunisia, in 2019. Major subjects treated in the book include geomorphology, sedimentology, and geochemistry. The book presents an updated unique view in conjugating field studies and modeling to better quantify the process-product binomial unusual in geosciences. In the geomorphology section, 24 papers deal with topics related to fault slip and incision rates, soil science, landslides and debris flows, coastal processes, and geoarcheology, and geoheritage. Under the sedimentology section, 34 papers including stratigraphy, and environmental, tectonic, and diagenetic processes, together with evolutionary, biostratigraphic, and paleo-environmental significance of paleontology are presented. Additionally, this section also contains papers on marine geosciences, from molecular proxies related to climate to geophysical surveys. Last but not least, the third section on geochemistry is composed of 26 papers that are focused on sedimentary geochemistry and mineralogical characterization, magmatic and metamorphic processes and products, and the origin and exploration of mineral deposits. This book resumes the current situation related to the abovementioned topics mainly in the Mediterranean realm. The volume book is of interest to all researchers, practitioners, and students in the fields of geomorphology, sedimentology, and geochemistry, as well as those engaged in environmental geosciences, soil science, stratigraphy and paleontology, geoarcheology and geoheritage, marine geosciences, petrology, metallogenesis, and mineral deposits.

Ceramics and Society

Author : Valentine Roux
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030039730
Total Pages : 356 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Ceramics and Society by : Valentine Roux

Download or read book Ceramics and Society written by Valentine Roux and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-14 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pottery is the most ubiquitous find in most historical archaeological excavations and serves as the basis for much research in the discipline. But it is not only its frequency that makes it a prime dataset for such research, it is also that pottery embeds many dimensions of the human experience, ranging from the purely technical to the eminently symbolic. The aim of this book is to provide a cutting-edge theoretical and methodological framework, as well as a practical guide, for archaeologists, students and researchers to study ceramic assemblages. As opposed to the conventional typological approach, which focuses on vessel shape and assumed function with the main goal of establishing a chronological sequence, the proposed framework is based on the technological approach. Such an approach utilizes the concept of chaîne opératoire, which is geared to an anthropological interpretation of archaeological objects. The author offers a sound theoretical background accompanied by an original research strategy whose presentation is at the heart of this book. This research strategy is presented in successive chapters that are geared to explain not only how to study archaeological assemblages, but also why the proposed methods are essential for achieving ambitious interpretive goals. In the heated debate on the equation stating that “pots equal people”, which is a rather fuzzy reference to assumed relationships between (mostly) ethnic groups and pottery, technology enables us to propose with conviction the equation “pots equal potters”. In this way, a well-founded history of potters is able to achieve a much better cultural and anthropological understanding of ancient societies.

Metal Soaps in Art

Author : Francesca Casadio
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319906178
Total Pages : 433 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Metal Soaps in Art by : Francesca Casadio

Download or read book Metal Soaps in Art written by Francesca Casadio and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-03-23 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This go-to reference work surveys the current state of knowledge in the field of metal soap-related degradation phenomena in art works. It contains detailed descriptions and images of the different phenomena and addresses the practical aspects of soap formation, preventive conservation, and treatment. The occurrence of metal soaps is one of the defining issues in the conservation of painted surfaces, and one that presently leaves innumerable open questions. It is estimated that around 70% of paintings in museum collections are affected by some form of metal soap-related degradation. In recent years, significant advances have been made in the detection and characterization of these compounds through interdisciplinary approaches including conventional spectroscopy and microscopy as well as emerging synchrotron-based techniques. This book for the first time captures a panoramic overview of the state of knowledge of metal soaps related to both scientific analysis and implications for conservation and treatment. It also critically examines open questions. The book is accessible to audiences with varied backgrounds (e.g. conservators, students of conservation science) while simultaneously presenting the technical details indispensable for academics and researchers active in this field.

Waste Management in MENA Regions

Author : Abdelazim M Negm
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030183505
Total Pages : 413 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Waste Management in MENA Regions by : Abdelazim M Negm

Download or read book Waste Management in MENA Regions written by Abdelazim M Negm and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-07-05 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book presents the state-of-the-art document describing the knowledge, data, cost-effectiveness and technologies employed to manage the waste in several countries such as Morocco, Tunisia, Egypt, Jordon, Syria, Palestine, Lebanon, and Yemen. It covers diverse topics including the status of the waste in the region, solid waste management, solid waste recovery and disposal, the use of the agricultural waste in feeding poultry, sludge disposal and management, wastewater treatment and energy production. Also, the book explains how waste management systems are becoming more complex in many countries with the move from landfill-based to resource recovery-based solutions following the setting of international and national targets to divert waste from landfill and to increase recycling and recovery rates. Besides, this book also evaluates the environmental legislation in the selected countries and suggests new performance enhancements. This book is of interest to environmental professionals including scientists and policymakers in the Middle East, North Africa, and areas with similar features.

Biological Aspects of Lead: an Annotated Bibliography; Literature from 1950 Through 1964

Author : Irene R. Campbell
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 578 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Biological Aspects of Lead: an Annotated Bibliography; Literature from 1950 Through 1964 by : Irene R. Campbell

Download or read book Biological Aspects of Lead: an Annotated Bibliography; Literature from 1950 Through 1964 written by Irene R. Campbell and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Aerosol Pollution Impact on Precipitation

Author : Zev Levin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402086903
Total Pages : 399 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Aerosol Pollution Impact on Precipitation by : Zev Levin

Download or read book Aerosol Pollution Impact on Precipitation written by Zev Levin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-09-30 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Life on Earth is critically dependent upon the continuous cycling of water between oceans, continents and the atmosphere. Precipitation (including rain, snow, and hail) is the primary mechanism for transporting water from the atmosphere back to the Earth’s surface. It is also the key physical process that links aspects of climate, weather, and the global hydrological cycle. Changes in precipitation regimes and the frequency of extreme weather events, such as floods, droughts, severe ice/snow storms, monsoon fluctuations and hurricanes are of great potential importance to life on the planet. One of the factors that could contribute to precipitation modification is aerosol pollution from various sources such as urban air pollution and biomass burning. Natural and anthropogenic changes in atmospheric aerosols might have important implications for precipitation by influencing the hydrological cycle, which in turn could feed back to climate changes. From an Earth Science perspective, a key question is how changes expected in climate will translate into changes in the hydrological cycle, and what trends may be expected in the future. We require a much better understanding and hence predictive capability of the moisture and energy storages and exchanges among the Earth’s atmosphere, oceans, continents and biological systems. This book is a review of our knowledge of the relationship between aerosols and precipitation reaching the Earth's surface and it includes a list of recommendations that could help to advance our knowledge in this area.

Travertine

Author : Allan Pentecost
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9781402035234
Total Pages : 472 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (352 download)

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Book Synopsis Travertine by : Allan Pentecost

Download or read book Travertine written by Allan Pentecost and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-07-22 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: uring the spring of 1960, an uncle showed me a ‘petrifying spring’ near Plaxtol in Kent Dwhere twigs had been encased in a calcareous jacket. A twig was collected and having - cently been given I. Evan’s Observer’s Book of Geology by my parents, I found a photograph of another petrifying spring and an explanation of its origin. In those days, Derbyshire was too far for a holiday destination, and I took little further interest until a research studentship with Professor G. E. Fogg became available in 1971. Tony Fogg had recently moved to the University College of North Wales, Bangor and the research was to be into cyanobacterium mats, with fieldwork along the Red Sea coast. The fieldwork never materialised but my interest in algal mats had been aroused. A chance stroll along the Bangor shore revealed beautifully calcified cya- bacterium mats, and Tony generously allowed me to investigate these instead. The old Plaxtol collection was retrieved and yielded abundant cyanobacteria. It became apparent that here was a wealth of information about a rock whose formation was so rapid, that the process could be studied in days rather than years – an exceptional state of affairs. A search of the literature also revealed that the rock, a form of travertine, had other unusual features.

Glycosylation Engineering of Biopharmaceuticals

Author : Alan Beck
Publisher : Humana Press
ISBN 13 : 9781627033268
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (332 download)

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Book Synopsis Glycosylation Engineering of Biopharmaceuticals by : Alan Beck

Download or read book Glycosylation Engineering of Biopharmaceuticals written by Alan Beck and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Glyco-engineering is being developed as a method to control the composition of carbohydrates and to enhance the pharmacological properties of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and other proteins. In Glycosylation Engineering of Biopharmaceuticals: Methods and Protocols, experts in the field provide readers with production and characterization protocols of glycoproteins and glyco-engineered biopharmaceuticals with a focus on mAbs. The volume is divided in four complementary parts dealing with glyco-engineering of therapeutic proteins, glycoanalytics, glycoprotein complexes characterization, and PK/PD assays for therapeutic antibodies. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Glycosylation Engineering of Biopharmaceuticals: Methods and Protocols serves as an ideal guide for scientists striving to push forward the exciting field of engineered biopharmaceuticals.

Boiling Water Reactor Plant

Author : United Engineers & Constructors, inc
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 218 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Boiling Water Reactor Plant by : United Engineers & Constructors, inc

Download or read book Boiling Water Reactor Plant written by United Engineers & Constructors, inc and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Problems of the Arid Zone

Author : Unesco
Publisher : paris
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 510 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Problems of the Arid Zone by : Unesco

Download or read book The Problems of the Arid Zone written by Unesco and published by paris. This book was released on 1962 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Bibliography on Smoking and Health

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 758 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (4 download)

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Download or read book Bibliography on Smoking and Health written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 758 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

IAEA Safety Glossary

Author : International Atomic Energy Agency
Publisher : International Atomic Energy Agency
ISBN 13 : 9789201047182
Total Pages : 261 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (471 download)

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Book Synopsis IAEA Safety Glossary by : International Atomic Energy Agency

Download or read book IAEA Safety Glossary written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by International Atomic Energy Agency. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The IAEA Safety Glossary defines and explains technical terms used in the IAEA Safety Standards and other safety related IAEA publications, and provides information on their usage. The 2018 Edition of the IAEA Safety Glossary is a new edition of the IAEA Safety Glossary, originally issued in 2007. It has been revised and updated to take into account new terminology and usage in safety standards issued between 2007 and 2018. The revisions and updates reflect developments in the technical areas of application of the safety standards and changes in regulatory approaches in Member States.