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Can Blockchain Solve The Hold Up Problem In Contracts
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Book Synopsis Can Blockchain Solve the Hold-up Problem in Contracts? by : Richard Holden
Download or read book Can Blockchain Solve the Hold-up Problem in Contracts? written by Richard Holden and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-11-18 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A vexing problem in contract law is modification. Two parties sign a contract but before they fully perform, they modify the contract. Should courts enforce the modified agreement? A private remedy is for the parties to write a contract that is robust to hold-up or that makes the facts relevant to modification verifiable. Provisions accomplishing these ends are renegotiation-design and revelation mechanisms. But implementing them requires commitment power. Conventional contract technologies to ensure commitment – liquidated damages – are disfavored by courts and themselves subject to renegotiation. Smart contracts written on blockchain ledgers offer a solution. We explain the basic economics and legal relevance of these technologies, and we argue that they can implement liquidated damages without courts. We address the hurdles courts may impose to use of smart contracts on blockchain and show that sophisticated parties' ex ante commitment to them may lead courts to allow their use as pre-commitment devices.
Book Synopsis The Fine Print in Smart Contracts by : Joshua S. Gans
Download or read book The Fine Print in Smart Contracts written by Joshua S. Gans and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the purported benefits of blockchain technologies is the ability to house what have been termed "smart' contracts. Such contracts are potentially self-executing depending on the state of information recorded on a blockchain ledger. This paper examines the capabilities of smart contracts from an economic perspective. It is demonstrated that by improving observability and reducing the costs of verification of contract obligation performance, the space of feasible contracts can be enlarged. Moreover, by providing commitments to various monetary payments, a blockchain can potentially create a foundation to house certain mechanisms that have been shown to overcome difficulties of contractual incompleteness. This is demonstrated using a simple international trade environment. Thus, even though smart contracts must respect the incentives of decision-makers in their obligations, they have the potential to use easily verifiable elements to create incentives to reduce hold-up and other contractual difficulties.
Book Synopsis Legal Tech, Smart Contracts and Blockchain by : Marcelo Corrales
Download or read book Legal Tech, Smart Contracts and Blockchain written by Marcelo Corrales and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-07 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a broad consensus amongst law firms and in-house legal departments that next generation “Legal Tech” – particularly in the form of Blockchain-based technologies and Smart Contracts – will have a profound impact on the future operations of all legal service providers. Legal Tech startups are already revolutionizing the legal industry by increasing the speed and efficiency of traditional legal services or replacing them altogether with new technologies. This on-going process of disruption within the legal profession offers significant opportunities for all business. However, it also poses a number of challenges for practitioners, trade associations, technology vendors, and regulators who often struggle to keep up with the technologies, resulting in a widening regulatory “gap.” Many uncertainties remain regarding the scope, direction, and effects of these new technologies and their integration with existing practices and legacy systems. Adding to the challenges is the growing need for easy-to-use contracting solutions, on the one hand, and for protecting the users of such solutions, on the other. To respond to the challenges and to provide better legal communications, systems, and services Legal Tech scholars and practitioners have found allies in the emerging field of Legal Design. This collection brings together leading scholars and practitioners working on these issues from diverse jurisdictions. The aim is to introduce Blockchain and Smart Contract technologies, and to examine their on-going impact on the legal profession, business and regulators.
Book Synopsis Cross-Industry Use of Blockchain Technology and Opportunities for the Future by : Williams, Idongesit
Download or read book Cross-Industry Use of Blockchain Technology and Opportunities for the Future written by Williams, Idongesit and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2020-05-22 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Blockchain is a technology that transcends cryptocurrencies. There are other services in different sectors of the economy that can benefit from the trust and security that blockchains offer. For example, financial institutions are using blockchains for international money transfer, and in logistics, it has been used for supply chain management and tracking of goods. As more global companies and governments are experimenting and deploying blockchain solutions, it is necessary to compile knowledge on the best practices, strategies, and failures in order to create a better awareness of how blockchain could either support or add value to other services. Cross-Industry Use of Blockchain Technology and Opportunities for the Future provides emerging research highlighting the possibilities inherent in blockchain for different sectors of the economy and the added value blockchain can provide for the future of these different sectors. Featuring coverage on a broad range of topics such as data privacy, information sharing, and digital identity, this book is ideally designed for IT specialists, consultants, design engineers, cryptographers, service designers, researchers, academics, government officials, and industry professionals.
Book Synopsis A Book About Blockchain by : Rajat Rajbhandari
Download or read book A Book About Blockchain written by Rajat Rajbhandari and published by Business Expert Press. This book was released on 2020-12-29 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes methods to transform existing business by using digitized trust that is industrialized at scale. Executives, consultants, and strategists are wondering how to participate in the blockchain economy. They are wondering whether new business models that will emerge because of this novel technology will disrupt theirs or whether they will ignore their businesses and create completely different models. In this book I answer all those questions. By the time you finish, you will understand what blockchain economy is, how to participate in it, and avoid being disrupted or, even worse, ignored. Drawing from my own experiences as research scientist and entrepreneur, the book describes methods to transform existing business by using digitized trust that is industrialized at scale.
Book Synopsis Smart Contracts by : Marcelo Corrales Compagnucci
Download or read book Smart Contracts written by Marcelo Corrales Compagnucci and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2021-05-06 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together a series of contributions by leading scholars and practitioners to examine the main features of smart contracts, as well as the response of key stakeholders in technology, business, government and the law. It explores how this new technology interfaces with the goals and content of contract law, introducing and evaluating several mechanisms to improve the 'observability' and reduce the costs of verifying contractual obligations and performance. It also outlines various 'design patterns' that ensure that end users are protected from themselves, prevent cognitive accidents, and translate expectations and values into more user-oriented agreements. Furthermore, the chapters map the new risks associated with smart contracts, particularly for consumers, and consider how they might be alleviated. The book also discusses the challenge of integrating data protection and privacy concerns into the design of these agreements and the broad range of legal knowledge and skills required. The case for using smart contracts goes beyond 'contracts' narrowly defined, and they are increasingly used to disrupt traditional models of business organisation. The book discusses so-called decentralised autonomous organisations and decentralised finance as illustrations of this trend. This book is designed for those interested in looking to deepen their understanding of this game-changing new legal technology.
Book Synopsis A Comprehensive Contracting Solution Using Blockchains by : Prateek Goorha
Download or read book A Comprehensive Contracting Solution Using Blockchains written by Prateek Goorha and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Purpose: This paper develops the idea of comprehensive contractual solutions using the blockchain as a foundation. A comprehensive contractual solution is a template for engaging in all manner of complex contractual relationships while remaining tethered to the same underlying technology.Approach: This paper introduces the idea of a platform contract as a practical method for contending with a range of incomplete contracts and mechanisms over a centralized platform network. It suggests why a platform contract, as a product of the network economy, represents essential inefficiencies; the paper addresses how these inefficiencies can be ameliorated by disintermediating platform networks using blockchains to develop comprehensive contractual solutions. Given the more limited nature of smart contracts, achieving this ideal on a blockchain has been a hard problem; the paper discusses proposed solutions that bode well for realizing this ambition.Value: This paper suggests a very significant opportunity represented by blockchains that is generally underemphasized: A comprehensive contractual solution provided over a secure blockchain application that has broad acceptance, such as Bitcoin, has the very real potential to enable consistent and reliable contractual transactions to occur globally. The paper, therefore, also discuss how governments can assume a valuable role in encouraging these solutions by developing smart institutional intermediaries.
Book Synopsis Smart Contracts in Comparative Law by : Andrea Stazi
Download or read book Smart Contracts in Comparative Law written by Andrea Stazi and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Economics of Blockchain Consensus by : Joshua Gans
Download or read book The Economics of Blockchain Consensus written by Joshua Gans and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-06-29 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Blockchain technologies have been rapidly adopted for the creation of cryptocurrencies and have been explored for a myriad of applications. While this is of important economic interest, the computer science behind how blockchains operate to provide security and provenance has been largely inaccessible to economists. This book is a bridge between the computer science and the economics of blockchains. The focus is on the value and the achievement of blockchain consensus; that is, how distributed and independent nodes are able to reach an agreement on what the current state of digital ledgers, that are the product of blockchains, are. The book shows that the goals of computer scientists in designing blockchains place very high weight on security beyond what an economist trained in game theory and mechanism design would require. It shows how blockchains can be redesigned to account for key economic trade-offs, and will be of interest to researchers and students of economics, financial technology and computer science, alongside policymakers.
Book Synopsis The Cambridge Handbook of Smart Contracts, Blockchain Technology and Digital Platforms by : Larry A. DiMatteo
Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Smart Contracts, Blockchain Technology and Digital Platforms written by Larry A. DiMatteo and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-10-31 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The product of a unique collaboration between academic scholars, legal practitioners, and technology experts, this Handbook is the first of its kind to analyze the ongoing evolution of smart contracts, based upon blockchain technology, from the perspective of existing legal frameworks - namely, contract law. The book's coverage ranges across many areas of smart contracts and electronic or digital platforms to illuminate the impact of new, and often disruptive, technologies on the law. With a mix of scholarly commentary and practical application, chapter authors provide expert insights on the core issues involving the use of smart contracts, concluding that smart contracts cannot supplant contract law and the courts, but leaving open the question of whether there is a need for specialized regulations to prevent abuse. This book should be read by anyone interested in the disruptive effect of new technologies on the law generally, and contract law in particular.
Book Synopsis Money in the Twenty-First Century by : Prof. Richard Holden
Download or read book Money in the Twenty-First Century written by Prof. Richard Holden and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2024-01-30 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An economist examines three modern forces that have redefined what "money" means, who controls it, and what the future of finance might look like. Money is increasingly cheap, digital, and mobile. In Money in the Twenty-First Century, economist Richard Holden examines the virtues and risks of low interest rates, mobile money, and cryptocurrencies, and explains how these three elemental forces will continue to play out—in our wallets, on the blockchain, and throughout major economies—in the decades to come. Holden weaves in the stories of three people who have exerted massive influence over the future of modern money: US treasury secretary Janet Yellen, Ethereum cofounder Vitalik Buterin, and Raghuram Rajan, former governor of the Reserve Bank of India and chief economist at the International Monetary Fund. Moving from micro to macro, Holden investigates the infrastructure that permits digital transactions, the currencies that underpin them, the race for control of those currencies, shifts in policy and the international monetary system, and the impact on our politics of money in the digital age. Ultimately, Money in the Twenty-First Century asks if governments can keep these three tectonic powers of low interest rates, mobile money, and decentralized finance under control.
Book Synopsis Smart Contracts and Comparative Law by : Andrea Stazi
Download or read book Smart Contracts and Comparative Law written by Andrea Stazi and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book analyzes the most relevant developments in the relation between contracts and technology, from automatically concluded contracts to today's revolutionary "smart contracts" developed through blockchain, which are beginning to and will increasingly disrupt many economic and social relations. First of all, the author offers a broad analysis of the peculiarities and evolution of the relation between contracts and technology. The main features and elements of electronic contracts are then examined in depth to highlight the specific rules applicable to them in the international comparative legal framework. In turn, the book provides a detailed explanation of the technology, economic and social dynamics, and legal issues concerning blockchain and smart contracts. The analysis focuses on the question of the legal nature of smart contracts, the issues posed by their development and the first legal solutions adopted in some countries. The comparative approach pursued makes it possible to focus attention on the first solutions adopted until now in various systems, with particular regard to the circulation of models and ideas and to the specificities of their local variations, in terms of e.g. applicable law and jurisdiction. In reviewing the characteristics of distributed ledger technologies, and in particular of the blockchain technology on which smart contracts are based, above all the peculiarities of the latter are taken into consideration, especially automatic execution and resistance to tampering, which simultaneously present significant opportunities and complex legal issues. A comprehensive framework is then provided to reconcile smart contracts with comparative contract law, in order to define the scope and specificities of their binding force, legal effectiveness and regulation in various legal systems. Lastly, with specific reference to the elements, pathologies and contractual remedies for smart contracts, the book examines the peculiarities of their application and the main issues that emerge in comparative contract law in order to promote their harmonized use, in keeping with the transnational nature of such a revolutionary tool.
Book Synopsis Implications of Blockchain-Based Smart Contracts on Contract Law by : Chantal Bomprezzi
Download or read book Implications of Blockchain-Based Smart Contracts on Contract Law written by Chantal Bomprezzi and published by . This book was released on 2021-11-24 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an in-depth analysis of the main debates surrounding blockchain-based smart contracts and contract law. After having provided a detailed description of the technology, it considers existing rules concerning technology and contracts, from vending machines to computable contracts, and verifies its applicability to blockchain-based smart contracts. Namely, it focuses on the implications of blockchain-based smart contracts on contract formation, contract performance, and applicable law and jurisdiction.
Book Synopsis Blockchain and Smart Contracts by : Swee Won Lo
Download or read book Blockchain and Smart Contracts written by Swee Won Lo and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Innovative as it is, the blockchain technology is getting more and more attention and an increasing number of applications have emerged. This book elaborates on both the design thinking ideas and technical details in blockchain and smart contracts to help readers delve into the conceptual framework and understand why blockchain is designed as such and how it makes the current system decentralised yet effective. Having this understanding lays the ground for further analysis of blockchain-based solutions and innovative fintech applications. Topics covered in this book include blockchain structure, blockchain ecosystem, design thinking for blockchain, smart contract, fintech and financial services, solution-based problem solving, fintech valuation, and current issues faced such as privacy protection and solution selection, with the aid of real-life examples and hands-on exercises. Blockchain and Smart Contracts serves as a valuable guide for researchers and practitioners who have interests in the blockchain, smart contract, fintech innovation and applications, design thinking, and technical details. This book is particularly written for anyone who has no technical background and is searching for an initiation into the deep end of blockchain. Those with business, finance and economic interests will find this interesting and easy to digest"--
Book Synopsis Blockchain and Public Law by : Pollicino, Oreste
Download or read book Blockchain and Public Law written by Pollicino, Oreste and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2021-07-31 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This important and topical book provides a comprehensive overview of the challenges raised by blockchain from the perspective of public law. It considers the ways in which traditional categories of public law such as sovereignty, citizenship and territory are shaped, as well as the impact of blockchain technology on fundamental rights and democratic values.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Smart Cities by : Juan Carlos Augusto
Download or read book Handbook of Smart Cities written by Juan Carlos Augusto and published by Springer. This book was released on 2021-07-17 with total page 1697 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook presents a comprehensive and rigorous overview of the state-of-the-art on Smart Cities. It provides the reader with an authoritative, exhaustive one-stop reference on how the field has evolved and where the current and future challenges lie. From the foundations to the many overlapping dimensions (human, energy, technology, data, institutions, ethics etc.), each chapter is written by international experts and amply illustrated with figures and tables with an emphasis on current research. The Handbook is an invaluable desk reference for researchers in a wide variety of fields, not only smart cities specialists but also by scientists and policy-makers in related disciplines that are deeply influenced by the emergence of intelligent cities. It should also serve as a key resource for graduate students and young researchers entering the area, and for instructors who teach courses on these subjects. The handbook is also of interest to industry and business innovators.
Book Synopsis More is Less by : Maija Halonen-Akatwijuka
Download or read book More is Less written by Maija Halonen-Akatwijuka and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2024-05-23 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why are contracts incomplete? Transaction costs and bounded rationality cannot be a total explanation since states of the world are often describable, foreseeable, and yet are not mentioned in a contract. Asymmetric information theories also have limitations. We offer an explanation based on 'contracts as reference points'. Including a contingency of the form, 'The buyer will require a good in event E', has a benefit and a cost. The benefit is that if E occurs there is less to argue about; the cost is that the additional reference point provided by the outcome in E can hinder (re)negotiation in states outside E. We show that if parties agree about a reasonable division of surplus, an incomplete contract is strictly superior to a contingent contract. If parties have different views about the division of surplus, an incomplete contract can be superior if including a contingency would lead to divergent reference points.