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Author : Amy Jo Marcano-Reik
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781634849593
Total Pages : 100 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (495 download)
Download or read book Brain and Spinal Cord Plasticity written by Amy Jo Marcano-Reik and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Michael M. Patterson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461514371
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)
Download or read book Spinal Cord Plasticity written by Michael M. Patterson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-28 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The area of spinal cord plasticity has become a very actively researched field. The spinal cord has long been known to organize reflex patterns and serve as the major transmission pathway for sensory and motor nerve impulses. However, the role of the spinal cord in information processing and in experience driven alterations is generally not recognized. With recent advances in neural recording techniques, behavioral technologies and neural tracing and imaging methods has come the ability to better assess the role of the spinal cord in behavioral control and alteration. The discoveries in recent years have been revolutionary. Alterations due to nociceptive inputs, simple learning paradigms and repetitive inputs have now been documented and their mechanisms are being elucidated. These findings have important clinical implications. The development of pathological pain after a spinal cord injury likely depends on the sensitization of neurons within the spinal cord. The capacity of the spinal cord to change as a function of experience, and adapt to new environmental relations, also affects the recovery locomotive function after a spinal cord injury. Mechanisms within the spinal cord can support stepping and the capacity for this behavior depends on behavioral training. By taking advantage of the plasticity inherent within the spinal cord, rehabilitative procedures may foster the recovery of function.
Author : Daniel Laskowitz
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1498766579
Total Pages : 412 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (987 download)
Download or read book Translational Research in Traumatic Brain Injury written by Daniel Laskowitz and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-12-01 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a significant source of death and permanent disability, contributing to nearly one-third of all injury related deaths in the United States and exacting a profound personal and economic toll. Despite the increased resources that have recently been brought to bear to improve our understanding of TBI, the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches has been disappointingly slow. Translational Research in Traumatic Brain Injury attempts to integrate expertise from across specialties to address knowledge gaps in the field of TBI. Its chapters cover a wide scope of TBI research in five broad areas: Epidemiology Pathophysiology Diagnosis Current treatment strategies and sequelae Future therapies Specific topics discussed include the societal impact of TBI in both the civilian and military populations, neurobiology and molecular mechanisms of axonal and neuronal injury, biomarkers of traumatic brain injury and their relationship to pathology, neuroplasticity after TBI, neuroprotective and neurorestorative therapy, advanced neuroimaging of mild TBI, neurocognitive and psychiatric symptoms following mild TBI, sports-related TBI, epilepsy and PTSD following TBI, and more. The book integrates the perspectives of experts across disciplines to assist in the translation of new ideas to clinical practice and ultimately to improve the care of the brain injured patient.
Author : Lea Ziskind-Conhaim
Publisher : Wiley-Blackwell
ISBN 13 : 9781573318747
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (187 download)
Download or read book Neurons, Circuitry, and Plasticity in the Spinal Cord and Brainstem, Volume 1279 written by Lea Ziskind-Conhaim and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 2013-04-29 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The brain and the spinal cord, together, compose the central nervous system. Only relatively recently has research shifted focus to consider the integral functions at the individual neuronal and network levels that are mediated by the spinal cord. In this volume, recent work is presented addressing developments in this emerging area. Short reviews examine motor neuron synaptic plasticity, molecular signaling in motor circuits, advances in in vivo and in vitro imaging of spinal cord injury, inhibitory and excitatory locomotor programs, and mapping the circuitry of tactile and sensory functions, including nociception and pain relief. Collectively, these papers provide an overview of some of the most exciting topics in spinal cord research—spanning basic cellular mechanisms to translational approaches. NOTE: Annals volumes are available for sale as individual books or as a journal. For information on institutional journal subscriptions, please visit http://ordering.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/subs.asp?ref=1749-6632&doi=10.1111/(ISSN)1749-6632. ACADEMY MEMBERS: Please contact the New York Academy of Sciences directly to place your order (www.nyas.org). Members of the New York Academy of Science receive full-text access to Annals online and discounts on print volumes. Please visit http://www.nyas.org/MemberCenter/Join.aspx for more information about becoming a member.
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309069882
Total Pages : 610 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)
Download or read book From Neurons to Neighborhoods written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-11-13 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How we raise young children is one of today's most highly personalized and sharply politicized issues, in part because each of us can claim some level of "expertise." The debate has intensified as discoveries about our development-in the womb and in the first months and years-have reached the popular media. How can we use our burgeoning knowledge to assure the well-being of all young children, for their own sake as well as for the sake of our nation? Drawing from new findings, this book presents important conclusions about nature-versus-nurture, the impact of being born into a working family, the effect of politics on programs for children, the costs and benefits of intervention, and other issues. The committee issues a series of challenges to decision makers regarding the quality of child care, issues of racial and ethnic diversity, the integration of children's cognitive and emotional development, and more. Authoritative yet accessible, From Neurons to Neighborhoods presents the evidence about "brain wiring" and how kids learn to speak, think, and regulate their behavior. It examines the effect of the climate-family, child care, community-within which the child grows.
Author : Rommy von Bernhardi
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319628178
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (196 download)
Download or read book The Plastic Brain written by Rommy von Bernhardi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-26 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive overview of the many factors that can influence brain plasticity throughout the lifespan. Addresses perinatal plasticity, functional state plasticity, injury-induced plasticity, and stressor-induced plasticity. Because it looks at so many aspects of the field, this volume will serve as a great resource for students as well as researchers interested in expanding their knowledge. The volume comes out as an integrated view based in the expertise of Ibero American neuroscientists working in the field.
Author : Audrey N. Kusiak
Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
ISBN 13 : 0128077921
Total Pages : 79 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)
Download or read book Neurological Rehabilitation written by Audrey N. Kusiak and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-01-10 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Once thought to be rigidly wired, the spinal cord now is understood to display significant plastic properties, which are manifest as both physiological and structural alterations in response to changes in patterns of use, disuse, and damage. Activity-dependent increases in responsiveness of spinal cord circuits are now thought to underlie or contribute importantly to the hyperalgesia that often follows neurological injuries, the physical therapy-induced improvement in walking and running seen in patients with stroke and spinal cord injury, skill acquisition in normal children, and several other phenomena. Physiological mechanisms underlying spinal cord plasticity include denervation supersensitivity, long-term potentiation, long-term depression, and habituation. Anatomical plasticity seen in the spinal cord after partial injuries includes collateral sprouting of spared axons in response to injury of neighboring axons, and dendritic remodeling in response to loss of regionally segregated synaptic inputs. A form of neuroplasticity that is seen in the peripheral nerves and in the spinal cord of some cold-blooded animals, but not in the central nervous system of birds or mammals, is axon regeneration. It is often difficult to distinguish between regeneration of injured axons and collateral sprouting of neighboring uninjured axons, but the distinction could be very important, especially in the case of complete spinal cord injuries. Several instances of treatment-induced axonal changes that were originally thought to indicate regeneration have turned out to be collateral sprouting. There is reason to suspect that the molecular mechanisms that underlie these two phenomena are different, and, if so, therapeutic approaches to enhancing them may also prove to be very different.
Author : Alexander Rabchevsky
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889193969
Total Pages : 222 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (891 download)
Download or read book Plasticity of primary afferent neurons and sensory processing after spinal cord injury written by Alexander Rabchevsky and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-01-05 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traumatic injury of the spinal cord affects the entire organism directly and indirectly. Primary injury destroys neurons and severs axons which participate in neural circuits. Secondary injuries and pathologies arise from numerous sources including systemic inflammation, consequential damage of cutaneous, muscular, and visceral tissues, and dysregulation of autonomic, endocrine and sensory- motor functions. Evidence is mounting that spinal cord injury (SCI) affects regions of the nervous system spatially remote from the injury site, as well as peripheral tissues, and alters some basic characteristics of primary afferent cell biology and physiology (cell number, size/frequency, electrophysiology, other). The degree of afferent input and processing above the lesion is generally intact, while that in the peri-lesion area is highly variable, though pathologies emerge in both regions, including a variety of pain syndromes. Primary afferent input to spinal regions below the injury and the processing of this information becomes even more important in the face of complete or partial loss of descending input because such spared sensory processing can lead to both adaptive and pathological outcomes. This issue hosts review and research articles considering mechanisms of plasticity of primary afferent neurons and sensory processing after SCI, and how such plasticity contributes to sparing and/or recovery of functions, as well as exacerbation of existing and/or emergent pathologies. A critical issue for the majority of the SCI community is chronic above-, peri-, and below-level neuropathic pain, much of which may arise, at least in part, from plasticity of afferent fibers and nociceptive circuitry. For example, autonomic dysreflexia is common hypertensive syndrome that often develops after SCI that is highly reliant on maladaptive nociceptive sensory input and processing below the lesion. Moreover, the loss of descending input leaves the reflexive components of bladder/bowel/sexual function uncoordinated and susceptible to a variety of effects through afferent fiber plasticity. Finally, proper afferent feedback is vital for the effectiveness of activity-dependent rehabilitative therapies, but aberrant nociceptive input may interfere with these approaches since they are often unchecked due to loss of descending modulation.
Author : F.J. Seil
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Neural Plasticity and Regeneration written by F.J. Seil and published by . This book was released on 2000-10-26 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While a cure for spinal cord injury remains elusive, the contents of this volume convey a sense of progress towards this goal. More has been learned about the primary and secondary consequences of spinal cord injury and more is being understood about recovery mechanisms that are intrinsic to the nervous system and that might be further encouraged. Expanding the control capacity of uninjured portions of the nervous system may be one approach to improving the functional capabilities of those afflicted with this disorder. New therapies in the form of transplantable cells that can encourage growth or myelination or prevent secondary damage or that can substitute for injured cells appear promising for future applications. Genetic and tissue engineering studies give us further hope, and under continuous development are novel drugs with greater specificity and fewer detrimental effects and improved delivery methods for such drugs. The volume is organized into six topic sections, including I) Strategies for Spinal Cord Injury Repair, II) Plasticity of the Injured Spinal Cord: Retraining Neural Circuits to Promote Motor Recovery, III) Impact of Neuroprosthetic Applications on Functional Recovery, IV) Neurotrophins and Activity-Dependent Plasticity, V) Candidate Cells for Transplantation into the Injured CNS and VI) New Directions in Regeneration Research. Both clinical and experimental animal studies are presented in the first three sections, while predominantly basic research is the focus of the second half of the book.
Author : Lyandysha Viktorovna Zholudeva
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128192607
Total Pages : 474 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)
Download or read book Spinal Interneurons written by Lyandysha Viktorovna Zholudeva and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-10-15 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spinal Interneurons: Plasticity after Spinal Cord Injury provides neuroscientists, clinicians and trainees a reference book exclusively concentrating on spinal interneurons and the techniques and experiments employed to identify and study these cells as part of normal, diseased and injured neural circuits. In addition, the book highlights the therapeutic potential of these cells by presenting relevant pre-clinical and clinical work that has been performed. The book's focus on the latest in therapeutic strategies for targeting spinal interneurons, considerations for the development and use of treatments, and how such treatments work make this a comprehensive source of information. Provides a comprehensive overview of the techniques used to identify, characterize and classify spinal interneurons and their role in neural circuits Presents an in-depth discussion of the therapeutic potential of spinal interneurons for SCI injury and/or disease Represents the first book to discuss spinal interneurons and translational research
Author : William M. Reichert
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1420009303
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Indwelling Neural Implants written by William M. Reichert and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-12-17 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite enormous advances made in the development of external effector prosthetics over the last quarter century, significant questions remain, especially those concerning signal degradation that occurs with chronically implanted neuroelectrodes. Offering contributions from pioneering researchers in neuroprosthetics and tissue repair, Indwel
Author : Aage R. Møller
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521846677
Total Pages : 414 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (466 download)
Download or read book Neural Plasticity and Disorders of the Nervous System written by Aage R. Møller and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-02-23 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 2006 book describes how expression of neural plasticity can cause symptoms of disorder and disease instead of being beneficial.
Author : Firas H. Kobeissy
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1466565993
Total Pages : 718 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (665 download)
Download or read book Brain Neurotrauma written by Firas H. Kobeissy and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-02-25 with total page 718 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the contribution from more than one hundred CNS neurotrauma experts, this book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date account on the latest developments in the area of neurotrauma including biomarker studies, experimental models, diagnostic methods, and neurotherapeutic intervention strategies in brain injury research. It discusses neurotrauma mechanisms, biomarker discovery, and neurocognitive and neurobehavioral deficits. Also included are medical interventions and recent neurotherapeutics used in the area of brain injury that have been translated to the area of rehabilitation research. In addition, a section is devoted to models of milder CNS injury, including sports injuries.
Author : Jean-Didier Vincent
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231164505
Total Pages : 198 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (311 download)
Download or read book The Custom-Made Brain written by Jean-Didier Vincent and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2014-06-03 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two leading neuroscientists introduce the concepts of “cerebral plasticity” and the “regenerating brain,” describing what we know now about the processes through which the brain constantly reconstructs itself and the potential benefits this knowledge might have in addressing concerns for neurological, cognitive, and emotional health. The authors begin with a survey of the fundamental scientific developments that led to our current understanding of the regenerative mind, elucidating some of the breakthrough neurobiological studies that paved the way for our present understanding of the brain’s plasticity and regenerative capabilities. They then discuss the application of these findings to such issues as depression, dyslexia, schizophrenia, and cognitive therapy, incorporating the latest technologies in neuroimaging, optogenetics, and nanotechnology. Their work shows the brain is anything but a static organ, ceasing to grow as human beings become adults. Rather, the brain is dynamic, evolving organically in relation to physical, cultural, historical, and affective stimuli, a plasticity that provides great hope to survivors of trauma and degenerative disorders.
Author : H. Flohr
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642680747
Total Pages : 407 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (426 download)
Download or read book Lesion-Induced Neuronal Plasticity in Sensorimotor Systems written by H. Flohr and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-11 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sensorimotor systems are not rigidly wired predetermined networks but rather highly plastic structures that learn and modify their entire performance in response to changes in external or internal conditions. Lesions or distortions of the system's input, which initially cause a functional disorganization, induce an active reorganization which often leads to a recovery of function. Examples of lesion-induced neural plasticity have been known for some hundred years; however, an awareness of their value as research tools is relatively new. This current interest is a consequence of rapid ly changing ideas concerning the nature of CNS organization. Out of these, concepts are emerging which describe neural nets as modifiable, highly dynamic, self-organizing structures. This trend is clearly reflected in this volume, which contains the proceedings of a symposium held in Bremen in July 1980 as a satellite meeting of the XXVIIIth International Congress of Physiological Sciences. The first part of this conference was devoted to some gen eral aspects of plasticity, discussing the current theories of functional recovery as well as morphological, neurochemical, physiological, molecular, and ontogenetic aspects. The second part dealt with lesion induced plasticity in specific sensorimotor systems of the spinal cord, brain stem, and cerebral cortex.
Author : Aage R. Møller
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139447998
Total Pages : 380 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)
Download or read book Neural Plasticity and Disorders of the Nervous System written by Aage R. Møller and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-12-23 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neural Plasticity and Disorders of the Nervous System provides comprehensive coverage of the pathophysiology of neurological disorders emphasising those disorders where expression of plasticity is evident. Including the basis for the expression of neural plasticity; how reorganisation of the nervous system can cause hyperactivity in sensory systems producing central neuropathic pain, tinnitus and paresthesia; the role of little-known non-classical pathways in pain and sensory disorders and their subcortical connections; hyper- and hypoactivity of motor systems after injury, and the role of spinal reflexes and internal processing in the spinal cord. Phantom symptoms and disorders of nerves and associated disorders are discussed, along with disorders that can be cured by microvascular decompression operations. A detailed and comprehensive description of the organisation of pain circuits and sensory and motor nervous systems is also included. This 2006 text is aimed at students and graduates of neuroscience and medicine.
Author : Kathleen McCartney
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1444357131
Total Pages : 953 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (443 download)
Download or read book The Blackwell Handbook of Early Childhood Development written by Kathleen McCartney and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-09-07 with total page 953 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Blackwell Handbook of Early Childhood Development presents a comprehensive summary of research into child development from age two to seven. Comprises 30 contributions from both established scholars and emerging leaders in the field The editors have a distinguished reputation in early childhood development Covers biological development, cognitive development, language development, and social, emotional and regulatory development Considers the applications of psychology to the care and education of young children, treating issues such as poverty, media, and the transition to school A valuable resource for students, scholars and practitioners dealing with young children
