Boethius: On Aristotle on Interpretation 4-6

Download Boethius: On Aristotle on Interpretation 4-6 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : A&C Black
ISBN 13 : 1472501659
Total Pages : 160 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (725 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Boethius: On Aristotle on Interpretation 4-6 by : Boethius,

Download or read book Boethius: On Aristotle on Interpretation 4-6 written by Boethius, and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 2014-04-22 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Boethius (c. 480-c. 525) was a Christian philosopher and author of many translations and works of philosophy, most famously the Consolations of Philosophy which were probably written when he was under house arrest, having been accused of treason by King Theoderic the Great. He was subsequently executed. On Interpretation is the second part of the Organon, as Aristotle's collected works on logic are known; it deals comprehensively and systematically with the relationship between logic and language. In his first six chapters, Aristotle defines name, verb, sentence, statement, affirmation and negation. Boethius preserves lost interpretations by two of the greatest earlier interpreters, Alexander and Porphyry, and the defence of the work's authenticity against criticism. He records the idea of Porphyry that Aristotelians believe in three types of name and verb, written, spoken and mental, in other words a language of the mind. Boethius' commentary formed part of his project to bring knowledge of Plato and Aristotle to the Latin-speaking world. It had great influence, remaining the standard introduction to On Interpretation throughout the Latin Middle Ages.

On Aristotle On Interpretation

Download On Aristotle On Interpretation PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781472551771
Total Pages : 149 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (517 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis On Aristotle On Interpretation by :

Download or read book On Aristotle On Interpretation written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Ancient Commentators on Aristotle.

Boethius: On Aristotle On Interpretation 1-3

Download Boethius: On Aristotle On Interpretation 1-3 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : A&C Black
ISBN 13 : 1472500326
Total Pages : 175 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (725 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Boethius: On Aristotle On Interpretation 1-3 by : Boethius,

Download or read book Boethius: On Aristotle On Interpretation 1-3 written by Boethius, and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 2014-04-22 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Boethius (c.480-c.525) wrote his highly influential second commentary on Aristotle's On Interpretation in Latin, but using the style of the Greek commentaries on Aristotle. It was part of his project to bring knowledge of Plato and Aristotle to the Latin-speaking world of his fellow Christians. The project was cruelly interrupted by his execution at the age of about 45, leaving the Latin world under-informed about Greek Philosophy for 700 years. Boethius reveals to us how On Interpretation was understood not only by himself, but also by some of the best Greek interpreters, especially Alexander and Porphyry. Alexander had insisted that its subject was composite thoughts, not composite sentences nor composite things - it is thoughts that are primarily true or false. Although Aristotle's first six chapters define name, verb, sentence, statement, affirmation and negation, Porphyry had claimed that Aristotelians believe in three types of name and verb, written, spoken and mental, in other words a language of the mind. Boethius discusses individuality and ascribes to Aristotle a view that each individual is distinguished by having a composite quality that is not merely unshared, but unshareable. Boethius also discusses why we can still say that the dead Homer is a poet, despite having forbidden us to say that the dead Socrates is either sick or well. But Boethius' most famous contribution is his interpretation of Aristotle's discussion of the threat of that tomorrow's events, for example a sea battle, will have been irrevocable 10,000 years ago, if it was true 10,000 years ago that there would be a sea battle on that day. In Boethius' later Consolation of Philosophy, written in prison awaiting execution, he offered a seminal conception of eternity to solve the related problem of future events being irrevocable because of God's foreknowledge of them. Boethius' influential commentary was part of his ideal of bringing Plato and Aristotle to the Latin-speaking world. Throughout the Latin Middle Ages, it remained the standard introduction to On Interpretation. This volume contains the first English translation of Boethius' commentary, as well as a detailed introduction, notes and bibliography.

On Aristotle on Interpretation

Download On Aristotle on Interpretation PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781472551764
Total Pages : 166 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (517 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis On Aristotle on Interpretation by :

Download or read book On Aristotle on Interpretation written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Boethius (c.480-c.525) wrote his highly influential second commentary on Aristotle's On Interpretation in Latin, but using the style of the Greek commentaries on Aristotle. It was part of his project to bring knowledge of Plato and Aristotle to the Latin-speaking world of his fellow-Christians. The project was cruelly interrupted by his execution at the age of about 45, leaving the Latin world under-informed about Greek Philosophy for 700 years. Boethius reveals to us how On Interpretation was understood not only by himself, but also by some of the best Greek interpreters, especially Alexander and Porphyry. Alexander had insisted that its subject was composite thoughts, not composite sentences nor composite things - it is thoughts that are primarily true or false. Although Aristotle's first six chapters define name, verb, sentence, statement, affirmation and negation, Porphyry had claimed that Aristotelians believe in three types of name and verb, written, spoken and mental, in other words a language of the mind. Boethius discusses individuality and ascribes to Aristotle a view that each individual is distinguished by having a composite quality that is not merely unshared, but unshareable. Boethius also discusses why we can still say that the dead Homer is a poet, despite having forbidden us to say that the dead Socrates is either sick or well. But Boethius' most famous contribution is his interpretation of Aristotle's discussion of the threat of that tomorrow's events, for example a sea battle, will have been irrevocable 10,000 years ago, if it was true 10,000 years ago that there would be a sea battle on that day. In Boethius' later Consolation of Philosophy, written in prison awaiting execution, he offered a seminal conception of eternity to solve the related problem of future events being irrevocable because of God's foreknowledge of them."--Bloomsbury Publishing.

Boethius: On Aristotle On Interpretation 1-3

Download Boethius: On Aristotle On Interpretation 1-3 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Bristol Classical Press
ISBN 13 : 9780715639184
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (391 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Boethius: On Aristotle On Interpretation 1-3 by : Boethius

Download or read book Boethius: On Aristotle On Interpretation 1-3 written by Boethius and published by Bristol Classical Press. This book was released on 2010-07-22 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Boethius (c. 480-c. 525) wrote his highly influential second commentary on Aristotle's On Interpretation in Latin, but using the style of the Greek commentaries on Aristotle. It was part of his project to bring knowledge of Plato and Aristotle to the Latin-speaking world of his fellow Christians. The project was cruelly interrupted by his execution at the age of about 45, leaving the Latin world under-informed about Greek Philosophy for 700 years. Boethius reveals to us how On Interpretation was understood not only by himself, but also by some of the best Greek interpreters, especially Alexander and Porphyry. Alexander had insisted that its subject was composite thoughts, not composite sentences nor composite things - it is thoughts that are primarily true or false. Although Aristotle's first six chapters define name, verb, sentence, statement, affirmation and negation, Porphyry had claimed that Aristotelians believe in three types of name and verb, written, spoken and mental, in other words a language of the mind. Boethius discusses individuality and ascribes to Aristotle a view that each individual is distinguished by having a composite quality that is not merely unshared, but unshareable. Boethius also discusses why we can still say that the dead Homer is a poet, despite having forbidden us to say that the dead Socrates is either sick or well. But Boethius' most famous contribution is his interpretation of Aristotle's discussion of the threat of that tomorrow's events, for example a sea battle, will have been irrevocable 10,000 years ago, if it was true 10,000 years ago that there would be a sea battle on that day. In Boethius' later "Consolation of Philosophy", written in prison awaiting execution, he offered a seminal conception of eternity to solve the related problem of future events being irrevocable because of God's foreknowledge of them.

Ars Notoria: The Notory Art of Solomon

Download Ars Notoria: The Notory Art of Solomon PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 164411528X
Total Pages : 896 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (441 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Ars Notoria: The Notory Art of Solomon by :

Download or read book Ars Notoria: The Notory Art of Solomon written by and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2023-11-28 with total page 896 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new translation of the classic magical text from the original Latin • Learn how medieval magicians conducted the rituals of angelic magic for quickly learning scholastic knowledge by means of prayers and figures • Provides a complete translation of Ars Notoria, both the short and long versions based on Julien Veronese’s critical Latin edition • Includes the first translation of The Work of Works (Opus Operum), The Short Art (Ars Brevis), the abridged version attributed to Thomas of Toledo, and The Pauline Art (Ars Paulina) • Presents all of the original figures (notae), essential for inspection during ritual The magical treatise Ars Notoria offers a secret account of how King Solomon gained his famed wisdom and learning through sacred magic, revealed to him by the angel Pamphilius, thereby expanding upon the biblical narrative of Solomon’s vision from God. Solomon’s magical writings were transmitted to the first-century philosopher Apollonius of Tyana, who provided a commentary titled Flores Aurei (Golden Flowers) that is contained within Ars Notoria. Ars Notoria first appeared in the 13th century, when its prayers and techniques for rapidly acquiring the seven liberal arts—grammar, logic, rhetoric, arithmetic, music, geometry, and astronomy— made it the earliest representation of European angel magic. The text presents a complete system of magic consisting of prayers addressed to angels, using figures called notae, for the purpose of gaining scholastic and heavenly knowledge. Due to its rising popularity among university students, the magical ritual was reworked time and again, producing five treatises dating from the 13th to 15th centuries—Opus Operum (Work of Works), Liber Florum Celestis Doctrine (Book of Flowers of Heavenly Teaching) composed by John of Morigny, Ars Brevis (Short Art), Ars Abbreviata (an abridged version attributed to Thomas of Toledo), and Ars Paulina (Pauline Art [of the Seven Figures])—thereby establishing an entire notorial art tradition. In this new and complete translation of Ars Notoria, based on Julien Véronèse’s critical Latin edition, translator Matthias Castle presents—for the first time in English—the complete classic magical text, both short and long versions, including four of the later treatises. Castle explains how these theurgic ritual practices were performed, giving special attention to all the original pictorial figures (notae), and how the art of memory relates to angelic magic. Providing practical instruction, extensive commentary, and in-depth background research and annotations, Ars Notoria: The Notory Art of Solomon is an essential sourcebook on angelic magic for scholars and magicians alike.

The Cambridge Companion to Ancient Logic

Download The Cambridge Companion to Ancient Logic PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107062942
Total Pages : 445 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Cambridge Companion to Ancient Logic by : Luca Castagnoli

Download or read book The Cambridge Companion to Ancient Logic written by Luca Castagnoli and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2023-03-31 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A state-of-the-art overview of ancient logic for students and scholars, with in-depth analyses of its central themes.

Boethius on Mind, Grammar and Logic

Download Boethius on Mind, Grammar and Logic PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004216049
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (42 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Boethius on Mind, Grammar and Logic by : Taki Suto

Download or read book Boethius on Mind, Grammar and Logic written by Taki Suto and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2011-11-11 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Boethius (c.480-c.525/6), who is best known for his Consolation of Philosophy, has been accused of misinterpreting Aristotle’s logical works in his translations and commentaries thereof. Building on recent scholarship in the philosophy of late antiquity, this book challenges some of the past interpretations of Boethius and reveals significant features of his semantics and logic. With comparisons between his and contemporary arguments and attention to the terminology of late antiquity, this work is of use to those interested in semantics, logic and grammar from antiquity to the modern day. Furthermore, this book’s new conclusions aim to reinvigorate interest in this much-maligned and poorly understood philosopher.

The Oxford Handbook of Aristotle

Download The Oxford Handbook of Aristotle PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0195187482
Total Pages : 731 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (951 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Aristotle by : Christopher Shields

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Aristotle written by Christopher Shields and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2012-08-16 with total page 731 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reflects the lively international character of Aristotelian studies, drawing contributors from Europe, North America, and Asia. It also reflects the broad range of activity Aristotelian studies comprise today, informed by cutting-edge philological research and focusing as its core activity on textual exegesis and philosophical criticism.

Robert Kilwardby’s Science of Logic

Download Robert Kilwardby’s Science of Logic PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004408770
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (44 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Robert Kilwardby’s Science of Logic by : Paul Thom

Download or read book Robert Kilwardby’s Science of Logic written by Paul Thom and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2019-09-16 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thom interprets Kilwardby’s science of logic as a logic of intensions with its own proof theory and semantics. This comprehensive reconstruction of Kilwardby’s logic shows the medieval master to be one of the most interesting logicians of the thirteenth century.

The Implications of Literacy

Download The Implications of Literacy PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780691102276
Total Pages : 624 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (22 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Implications of Literacy by : Brian Stock

Download or read book The Implications of Literacy written by Brian Stock and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 1983 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the influence of literacy on eleventh and twelfth-century life and though on social organization, on the criticism of ritual and symbol, on the rise of empirical attitudes, on the relationship between language and reality, and on the broad interaction between ideas and society. Medieval and early modern literacy, Brian Stock argues, did not simply supersede oral discourse but created a new type of interdependence between the oral and the written. If, on the surface, medieval culture was largely oral, texts nonetheless emerged as a reference system both for everyday activities and for giving shape to larger vehicles of interpretation. Even when texts were not actually present, people often acted and behaved as if they were. The book uses methods derived from anthropology, from literary theory, and from historical research, and is divided into five chapters. The first treats the growth and shape of medieval literacy itself. Theo other four look afresh at some of the period's major issues--heresy, reform, the Eucharistic controversy, the thought of Anselm, Abelard, and St. Bernard, together with the interpretation of contemporary experience--in the light of literacy's development. The study concludes that written language was the chief integrating instrument for diverse cultural achievements.

The Cambridge Companion to Boethius

Download The Cambridge Companion to Boethius PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521872669
Total Pages : 373 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (218 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Cambridge Companion to Boethius by : John Marenbon

Download or read book The Cambridge Companion to Boethius written by John Marenbon and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-05-14 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covers all the important aspects of Boethius's thought and his influence on poets as well as philosophers and theologians.

Ancient Logic, Language, and Metaphysics

Download Ancient Logic, Language, and Metaphysics PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000022374
Total Pages : 406 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Ancient Logic, Language, and Metaphysics by : Andrea Falcon

Download or read book Ancient Logic, Language, and Metaphysics written by Andrea Falcon and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-07-16 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The late Mario Mignucci was one of the most authoritative, original, and influential scholars in the area of ancient philosophy, especially ancient logic. Collected here for the first time are sixteen of his most important essays on Ancient Logic, Language, and Metaphysics. These essays show a perceptive historian and a skillful logician philosophically engaged with issues that are still at the very heart of history and philosophy of logic, such as the nature of predication, identity, and modality. As well as essays found in disparate publications, often not easily available online, the volume includes an article on Plato and the relatives translated into English for the first time and an unpublished paper on De interpretatione 7. Mignucci thinks rigorously and writes clearly. He brings the deep knowledge of a scholar and the precision of a logician to bear on some of the trickiest topics in ancient philosophy. This collection deserves the close attention of anyone concerned with logic, language, and metaphysics, whether in ancient or contemporary philosophy.

Ancient Greek Scholarship: A Guide to Finding, Reading, and Understanding Scholia, Commentaries, Lexica, and Grammatical Treatises

Download Ancient Greek Scholarship: A Guide to Finding, Reading, and Understanding Scholia, Commentaries, Lexica, and Grammatical Treatises PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0195312937
Total Pages : 364 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Ancient Greek Scholarship: A Guide to Finding, Reading, and Understanding Scholia, Commentaries, Lexica, and Grammatical Treatises by : Eleanor Dickey

Download or read book Ancient Greek Scholarship: A Guide to Finding, Reading, and Understanding Scholia, Commentaries, Lexica, and Grammatical Treatises written by Eleanor Dickey and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2007-04-05 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher description

Ancient Greek Scholarship

Download Ancient Greek Scholarship PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199886059
Total Pages : 364 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (998 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Ancient Greek Scholarship by : Eleanor Dickey

Download or read book Ancient Greek Scholarship written by Eleanor Dickey and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2007-04-05 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ancient greek sholarship constitutes a precious resource for classicists, but one that is underutilized because graduate students and even mature scholars lack familiarity with its conventions. The peculiarities of scholarly Greek and the lack of translations or scholarly aids often discourages readers from exploiting the large body of commentaries, scholia, lexica, and grammatical treatises that have been preserved on papyrus and via the manuscript tradition. Now, for the first time, there is an introduction to such scholarship that will enable students and scholars unfamiliar with this material to use it in their work. Ancient Greek Scholarship includes detailed discussion of the individual ancient authors on whose works scholia, commentaries, or single-author lexica exist, together with explanations of the probable sources of that scholarship and the ways it is now used, as well as descriptions of extant grammatical works and general lexica. These discussions, and the annotated bibliography of more than 1200 works, also include evaluations of the different texts of each work and of a variety of electronic resources. This book not only introduces readers to ancient scholarship, but also teaches them how to read it. Here readers will find a detailed, step-by-step introduction to the language, a glossary of over 1500 grammatical terms, and a set of more than 200 passages for translation, each accompanied by commentary. The commentaries offer enough help to enable undergraduates with as little as two years of Greek to translate most passages with confidence; in addition, readers are given aids to handling the ancient numerical systems, understanding the references found in works of ancient scholarship, and using an apparatus criticus (including an extensive key to the abbreviations used in an apparatus). Half the passages are accompanied by a key, so that the book is equally suitable for those studying on their own and for classes with graded homework.

Ammonius: On Aristotle On Interpretation 9 with Boethius: On Aristotle On Interpretation 9

Download Ammonius: On Aristotle On Interpretation 9 with Boethius: On Aristotle On Interpretation 9 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : A&C Black
ISBN 13 : 1780938608
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (89 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Ammonius: On Aristotle On Interpretation 9 with Boethius: On Aristotle On Interpretation 9 by : David L. Blank

Download or read book Ammonius: On Aristotle On Interpretation 9 with Boethius: On Aristotle On Interpretation 9 written by David L. Blank and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 2014-04-10 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is about determinisism. It contains the two most important commentaries on the determinists' sea battle argument, and on other deterministic arguments besides. It includes the earliest full exposition of the Reaper argument for determinism, and a discussion of whether there can be changeless knowledge of the passage of time. It also contains the two fullest expositions of the idea that it is not truth, but only definite truth, that would imply determinism. Ammonius and Boethius both wrote commentaries on Aristotle's On Interpretation and on its ninth chapter, where Aristotle discusses the sea battle. Their comments are crucial, for Ammonius' commentary influenced the Islamic the Islamic Middle Ages, while that of Boethius was of equal importance to medieval Latin-speaking philosophers. It was once argued that Boethius was influenced by Ammonius, but these translations are published together in this volume to enable the reader to see clearly that this was not the case. Ammonius draws on the fourth- and fifth-century Neoplatonists lamblichus, Syrianus, and Proclus. He arranges his argument around three major deterministic arguments and is our main source for one of them, the Reaper argument, which has hitherto received insufficient attention. Boethius, on the other hand, draws on controversies from 300 years earlier between Stoics and Aristotelians as recorded by Alexander of Aphrodisias and Porphyry. This volume is essential reading for all those with an interest in the history of determinism. Ammonius' commentary on the first eight chapters of Aristotle's On Interpretation has appeared in a previously published volume in this series, translated by David Blank.

The Theological Tractates

Download The Theological Tractates PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781717584830
Total Pages : 190 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (848 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Theological Tractates by : Boethius

Download or read book The Theological Tractates written by Boethius and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-04-30 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Boethius: The Theological Tractates - The Consolation of Philosophy. Anicius Manlius Severinus Boëthius, commonly called Boethius; 477-524 AD, was a Roman senator, consul, magister officiorum, and philosopher of the early 6th century. Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius, of the famous Praenestine family of the Anicii, was born about 480 A.D. in Rome. His father was an ex-consul; he himself was consul under Theodoric the Ostrogoth in 510, and his two sons, children of a great grand-daughter of the renowned Q. Aurelius Symmachus, were joint consuls in 522. His public career was splendid and honourable, as befitted a man of his race, attainments, and character. But he fell under the displeasure of Theodoric, and was charged with conspiring to deliver Rome from his rule, and with corresponding treasonably to this end with Justin, Emperor of the East. He was thrown into prison at Pavia, where he wrote the Consolation of Philosophy, and he was brutally put to death in 524. His brief and busy life was marked by great literary achievement. His learning was vast, his industry untiring, his object unattainable- nothing less than the transmission to his countrymen of all the works of Plato and Aristotle, and the reconciliation of their apparently divergent views. To form the idea was a silent judgment on the learning of his day; to realize it was more than one man could accomplish; but Boethius accomplished much. He translated the [Greek: Eisagogae] of Porphyry, and the whole of Aristotle's Organon. He wrote a double commentary on the [Greek: Eisagogae] and commentaries on the Categories and the De Interpretatione of Aristotle, and on the Topica of Cicero. He also composed original treatises on the categorical and hypothetical syllogism, on Division and on Topical Differences. He adapted the arithmetic of Nicomachus, and his textbook on music, founded on various Greek authorities, was in use at Oxford and Cambridge until modern times. His five theological Tractates are here, together with the Consolation of Philosophy, to speak for themselves.