Birmingham Foot Soldiers

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Birmingham Foot Soldiers

Author : Nick Patterson
Publisher : Arcadia Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1625846967
Total Pages : 193 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (258 download)

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Book Synopsis Birmingham Foot Soldiers by : Nick Patterson

Download or read book Birmingham Foot Soldiers written by Nick Patterson and published by Arcadia Publishing. This book was released on 2014-05-20 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Personal recollections from everyday people who marched against segregation and injustice in Alabama, risking arrest or worse, in the early 1960s. Martin Luther King Jr., Andrew Young, Fred Shuttlesworth: These are iconic names associated with the Birmingham campaign of the civil rights movement. But there were thousands of others who played crucial roles too, and this volume gives voice to many local residents who also risked their lives for the cause. Myrna Carter Jackson feels no shame about the police record she garnered while demonstrating against the harsh treatment of African Americans in the city. Carolyn Walker Williams, who knew the injustice black people faced in East Birmingham even as a child, was arrested at a protest for the first time while still in school. Gerald Wren grew up in the Smithfield neighborhood, part of which was nicknamed “Dynamite Hill” as a result of the bombings of African Americans’ houses, churches, and schools. Journalist Nick Patterson interviews these and other Birmingham foot soldiers—and recounts the struggle and adversity overcome. Includes photos

Foot Soldiers for Democracy

Author : Horace Huntley
Publisher : University of Illinois Press
ISBN 13 : 0252076680
Total Pages : 266 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (52 download)

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Book Synopsis Foot Soldiers for Democracy by : Horace Huntley

Download or read book Foot Soldiers for Democracy written by Horace Huntley and published by University of Illinois Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Firsthand accounts from the Civil Rights Movement's frontlines

Black Workers' Struggle for Equality in Birmingham

Author : Horace Huntley
Publisher : Working Class in American History
ISBN 13 : 9780252074936
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (749 download)

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Book Synopsis Black Workers' Struggle for Equality in Birmingham by : Horace Huntley

Download or read book Black Workers' Struggle for Equality in Birmingham written by Horace Huntley and published by Working Class in American History. This book was released on 2007 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Union building and civil rights activism in a tightly segregated industrial city

We've Got a Job

Author : Cynthia Levinson
Publisher : National Geographic Books
ISBN 13 : 1561458449
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (614 download)

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Book Synopsis We've Got a Job by : Cynthia Levinson

Download or read book We've Got a Job written by Cynthia Levinson and published by National Geographic Books. This book was released on 2015-02-03 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The inspiring story of the 1963 Birmingham Children's March as seen through the eyes of four young people at the center of the action. The 1963 Birmingham Children's March was a turning point in American civil rights history. Black Americans had had enough of segregation and police brutality, but with their lives and jobs at stake, most adults were hesitant to protest the city's racist culture. So the fight for civil rights lay in the hands of children like Audrey Hendricks, Wash Booker, James Stewart, and Arnetta Streeter. We've Got a Job tells the little-known story of the four thousand Black elementary, middle, and high school students who answered Dr. Martin Luther King's call to "fill the jails." Between May 2 and May 11, 1963, these young people voluntarily went to jail, drawing national attention to the cause, helping bring about the repeal of segregation laws, and inspiring thousands of other young people to demand their rights. Drawing on her extensive research and in-depth interviews with participants, award-winning author Cynthia Levinson recreates the events of the Birmingham Children's March from a new and very personal perspective. Archival photography and informational sidebars throughout. Back matter includes an afterword, author's note, timeline, map, and bibliography.

Carry Me Home

Author : Diane McWhorter
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 0743226488
Total Pages : 706 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (432 download)

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Book Synopsis Carry Me Home by : Diane McWhorter

Download or read book Carry Me Home written by Diane McWhorter and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2001-06-29 with total page 706 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now with a new afterword, the Pulitzer Prize-winning dramatic account of the civil rights era’s climactic battle in Birmingham as the movement, led by Martin Luther King, Jr., brought down the institutions of segregation. "The Year of Birmingham," 1963, was a cataclysmic turning point in America’s long civil rights struggle. Child demonstrators faced down police dogs and fire hoses in huge nonviolent marches against segregation. Ku Klux Klansmen retaliated by bombing the Sixteenth Street Baptist Church, killing four young black girls. Diane McWhorter, daughter of a prominent Birmingham family, weaves together police and FBI records, archival documents, interviews with black activists and Klansmen, and personal memories into an extraordinary narrative of the personalities and events that brought about America’s second emancipation. In a new afterword—reporting last encounters with hero Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth and describing the current drastic anti-immigration laws in Alabama—the author demonstrates that Alabama remains a civil rights crucible.

Stony the Road

Author : Henry Louis Gates, Jr.
Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 0525559558
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (255 download)

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Book Synopsis Stony the Road by : Henry Louis Gates, Jr.

Download or read book Stony the Road written by Henry Louis Gates, Jr. and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2020-04-07 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Stony the Road presents a bracing alternative to Trump-era white nationalism. . . . In our current politics we recognize African-American history—the spot under our country’s rug where the terrorism and injustices of white supremacy are habitually swept. Stony the Road lifts the rug." —Nell Irvin Painter, New York Times Book Review A profound new rendering of the struggle by African-Americans for equality after the Civil War and the violent counter-revolution that resubjugated them, by the bestselling author of The Black Church. The abolition of slavery in the aftermath of the Civil War is a familiar story, as is the civil rights revolution that transformed the nation after World War II. But the century in between remains a mystery: if emancipation sparked "a new birth of freedom" in Lincoln's America, why was it necessary to march in Martin Luther King, Jr.'s America? In this new book, Henry Louis Gates, Jr., one of our leading chroniclers of the African-American experience, seeks to answer that question in a history that moves from the Reconstruction Era to the "nadir" of the African-American experience under Jim Crow, through to World War I and the Harlem Renaissance. Through his close reading of the visual culture of this tragic era, Gates reveals the many faces of Jim Crow and how, together, they reinforced a stark color line between white and black Americans. Bringing a lifetime of wisdom to bear as a scholar, filmmaker, and public intellectual, Gates uncovers the roots of structural racism in our own time, while showing how African Americans after slavery combatted it by articulating a vision of a "New Negro" to force the nation to recognize their humanity and unique contributions to America as it hurtled toward the modern age. The story Gates tells begins with great hope, with the Emancipation Proclamation, Union victory, and the liberation of nearly 4 million enslaved African-Americans. Until 1877, the federal government, goaded by the activism of Frederick Douglass and many others, tried at various turns to sustain their new rights. But the terror unleashed by white paramilitary groups in the former Confederacy, combined with deteriorating economic conditions and a loss of Northern will, restored "home rule" to the South. The retreat from Reconstruction was followed by one of the most violent periods in our history, with thousands of black people murdered or lynched and many more afflicted by the degrading impositions of Jim Crow segregation. An essential tour through one of America's fundamental historical tragedies, Stony the Road is also a story of heroic resistance, as figures such as W. E. B. Du Bois and Ida B. Wells fought to create a counter-narrative, and culture, inside the lion's mouth. As sobering as this tale is, it also has within it the inspiration that comes with encountering the hopes our ancestors advanced against the longest odds.

Liberty's Civil Rights Road Trip

Author : Michael W. Waters
Publisher : Flyaway Books
ISBN 13 : 9781947888197
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (881 download)

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Book Synopsis Liberty's Civil Rights Road Trip by : Michael W. Waters

Download or read book Liberty's Civil Rights Road Trip written by Michael W. Waters and published by Flyaway Books. This book was released on 2021-10-12 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Time to board the bus! Liberty and her friend Abdullah, with their families and a diverse group of passengers, head off to their first stop: Jackson, Mississippi. Next on their map are Glendora, Memphis, Birmingham, Montgomery, and finally Selma, for a march across the iconic Edmund Pettus Bridge. As told through the innocent view of a child, Liberty's Civil Rights Road Trip serves as an early introduction to places, people, and events that transformed history. The story is inspired by an actual journey led by author Michael W. Waters, bringing together a multigenerational group to witness key locations from the civil rights movement. An author's note and more information about each stop on Liberty’s trip offer ways for adults to expand the conversation with young readers.

Whites Recall the Civil Rights Movement in Birmingham

Author : Sandra K. Gill
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319471368
Total Pages : 132 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis Whites Recall the Civil Rights Movement in Birmingham by : Sandra K. Gill

Download or read book Whites Recall the Civil Rights Movement in Birmingham written by Sandra K. Gill and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-08 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This illuminating volume examines how the 1963 bombing of the Sixteenth Street Baptist Church in Birmingham, Alabama developed as a trauma of culture. Throughout the book, Gill asks why the “four little girls” killed in the bombing became part of the nation’s collective memory, while two black boys killed by whites on the same day were all but forgotten. Conducting interviews with classmates who attended a white school a few blocks from some of the most memorable events of the Civil Rights Movement, Gill discovers that the bombing of the church is central to interviewees’ memories. Even the boy killed by Gill’s own classmates often escapes recollection. She then considers these findings within the framework of the reception of memory and analyzes how white southerners reconstruct a difficult past.

The Gentle Giant of Dynamite Hill

Author : Helen Shores Lee
Publisher : HarperChristian + ORM
ISBN 13 : 0310336236
Total Pages : 314 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis The Gentle Giant of Dynamite Hill by : Helen Shores Lee

Download or read book The Gentle Giant of Dynamite Hill written by Helen Shores Lee and published by HarperChristian + ORM. This book was released on 2012-08-28 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These are the firsthand accounts of sisters Helen and Barbara Shores growing up with their father, Arthur Shores, a prominent Civil Rights attorney, during the 60s in the Jim Crow south Birmingham district—a frequent target of the Ku Klux Klan. Between 1948 and 1963, some 50 unsolved Klan bombings happened in Smithfield where the Shores family lived, earning their neighborhood the nickname “Dynamite Hill.” Due to his work, Shores’ daughter, Barbara, barely survived a kidnapping attempt. Twice, in 1963, Klan members bombed their home, sending Theodora to the hospital with a brain concussion and killing Tasso, the family’s cocker spaniel. The family narrowly escaped a third bombing attempt on their home in the spring of 1965. The Gentle Giant of Dynamite Hill is an incredible story of a family’s unfair suffering, but also of the Shores’ overcoming. This family’s sacrificial commitment, courage, determination, and triumph inspire us today through this story and the selfless service, work, and lives of Helen Shores Lee and Barbara Sylvia Shores.

Shaking the Gates of Hell

Author : John Archibald
Publisher : Knopf
ISBN 13 : 0525658114
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (256 download)

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Book Synopsis Shaking the Gates of Hell by : John Archibald

Download or read book Shaking the Gates of Hell written by John Archibald and published by Knopf. This book was released on 2021-03-09 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On growing up in the American South of the 1960s—an all-American white boy—son of a long line of Methodist preachers, in the midst of the civil rights revolution, and discovering the culpability of silence within the church. By the Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist and columnist for The Birmingham News. "My dad was a Methodist preacher and his dad was a Methodist preacher," writes John Archibald. "It goes all the way back on both sides of my family. When I am at my best, I think it comes from that sermon place." Everything Archibald knows and believes about life is "refracted through the stained glass of the Southern church. It had everything to do with people. And fairness. And compassion." In Shaking the Gates of Hell, Archibald asks: Can a good person remain silent in the face of discrimination and horror, and still be a good person? Archibald had seen his father, the Rev. Robert L. Archibald, Jr., the son and grandson of Methodist preachers, as a moral authority, a moderate and a moderating force during the racial turbulence of the '60s, a loving and dependable parent, a forgiving and attentive minister, a man many Alabamians came to see as a saint. But was that enough? Even though Archibald grew up in Alabama in the heart of the civil rights movement, he could recall few words about racial rights or wrongs from his father's pulpit at a time the South seethed, and this began to haunt him. In this moving and powerful book, Archibald writes of his complex search, and of the conspiracy of silence his father faced in the South, in the Methodist Church and in the greater Christian church. Those who spoke too loudly were punished, or banished, or worse. Archibald's father was warned to guard his words on issues of race to protect his family, and he did. He spoke to his flock in the safety of parable, and trusted in the goodness of others, even when they earned none of it, rising through the ranks of the Methodist Church, and teaching his family lessons in kindness and humanity, and devotion to nature and the Earth. Archibald writes of this difficult, at times uncomfortable, reckoning with his past in this unadorned, affecting book of growth and evolution.

Seeing Like an Activist

Author : Erin R. Pineda
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 019752642X
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (975 download)

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Book Synopsis Seeing Like an Activist by : Erin R. Pineda

Download or read book Seeing Like an Activist written by Erin R. Pineda and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2021 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are few movements more firmly associated with civil disobedience than the Civil Rights Movement. In the mainstream imagination, civil rights activists eschewed coercion, appealed to the majority's principles, and submitted willingly to legal punishment in order to demand necessarylegislative reforms and facilitate the realization of core constitutional and democratic principles. Their fidelity to the spirit of the law, commitment to civility, and allegiance to American democracy provided the blueprint for activists pursuing racial justice, and set the normative standard forliberal philosophies of civil disobedience.In this book, Erin R. Pineda argues that insofar as the Civil Rights Movement provides a crucial motivating example of what civil disobedience must be, the standard cultural narrative of the movement does more than misremember history; it also distorts our political judgments about how civildisobedience might fit into democratic politics more generally. Pineda contends that using the Civil Rights Movement as a disciplining example and moral exemplar is neither accidental nor random; it has been deeply influential in the formation of predominant ideas about civil disobedience, bothwithin academia and public discourse.Seeing Like an Activist charts the emergence of mainstream theories of civil disobedience and demonstrates their reliance on a stylized, politically expedient narrative in which civilly disobedient protestors must submit to legal punishment, use persuasive rather than coercive means, and appeal toconstitutional principles to signal legitimacy. Such theories take for granted the legitimacy of the constitutional order, assume constitutional integrity and stability, and center the white citizen as the normative ideal, figuring the problem of racial injustice as limited, exceptional, andall-but-already solved. Instead, this book "sees" civil disobedience from the perspective of an activist, showing the consequences for ideas about how civil disobedience ought to unfold in the present. Building on historical and archival evidence, Pineda shows how civil rights activists, in concertwith anticolonial movements across the globe, turned to civil disobedience as a practice of decolonization in order to emancipate themselves and others, and in the process transform the racial order. Pineda recovers this powerful alternative account only by adopting a different theoreticalapproach--one which sees activists as themselves engaged in the creative work of political theorizing.

La Gente

Author : Lorena V. Márquez
Publisher : University of Arizona Press
ISBN 13 : 0816541132
Total Pages : 305 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (165 download)

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Book Synopsis La Gente by : Lorena V. Márquez

Download or read book La Gente written by Lorena V. Márquez and published by University of Arizona Press. This book was released on 2020-10-27 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: La Gente traces the rise of the Chicana/o Movement in Sacramento and the role of everyday people in galvanizing a collective to seek lasting and transformative change during the 1960s and 1970s. In their efforts to be self-determined, la gente contested multiple forms of oppression at school, at work sites, and in their communities. Though diverse in their cultural and generational backgrounds, la gente were constantly negotiating acts of resistance, especially when their lives, the lives of their children, their livelihoods, or their households were at risk. Historian Lorena V. Márquez documents early community interventions to challenge the prevailing notions of desegregation by barrio residents, providing a look at one of the first cases of outright resistance to desegregation efforts by ethnic Mexicans. She also shares the story of workers in the Sacramento area who initiated and won the first legal victory against canneries for discriminating against brown and black workers and women, and demonstrates how the community crossed ethnic barriers when it established the first accredited Chicana/o and Native American community college in the nation. Márquez shows that the Chicana/o Movement was not solely limited to a handful of organizations or charismatic leaders. Rather, it encouraged those that were the most marginalized—the working poor, immigrants and/or the undocumented, and the undereducated—to fight for their rights on the premise that they too were contributing and deserving members of society.

Life and correspondence of Joseph Priestley

Author : John Towill Rutt
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 584 pages
Book Rating : 4.R/5 (5 download)

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Book Synopsis Life and correspondence of Joseph Priestley by : John Towill Rutt

Download or read book Life and correspondence of Joseph Priestley written by John Towill Rutt and published by . This book was released on 1832 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Moon U.S. Civil Rights Trail

Author : Deborah D. Douglas
Publisher : Moon Travel
ISBN 13 : 1640499164
Total Pages : 720 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (44 download)

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Book Synopsis Moon U.S. Civil Rights Trail by : Deborah D. Douglas

Download or read book Moon U.S. Civil Rights Trail written by Deborah D. Douglas and published by Moon Travel. This book was released on 2021-01-12 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Civil Rights Trail offers a vivid glimpse into the story of Black America's fight for freedom and equality. From eye-opening landmarks to celebrations of triumph over adversity, experience a tangible piece of history with Moon U.S. Civil Rights Trail. Flexible Itineraries: Travel the entire trail through the South, or take a weekend getaway to Charleston, Birmingham, Jackson, Memphis, Washington DC, and more places significant to the Civil Rights Movement Historic Civil Rights Sites: Learn about Dr. King's legacy at the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, be transformed at the small but mighty Emmett Till Intrepid Center, and stand tall with Little Rock Nine at their memorial in Arkansas The Culture of the Movement: Get to know the voices, stories, music, and flavors that shape and celebrate Black America both then and now. Take a seat at a lunch counter where sit-ins took place or dig in to heaping plates of soul food and barbecue. Spend the day at museums that connect our present to the past or spend the night in the birthplace of the blues Expert Insight: Award-winning journalist Deborah Douglas offers her valuable perspective and knowledge, including suggestions for engaging with local communities by supporting Black-owned businesses and seeking out activist groups Travel Tools: Find driving directions for exploring the sites on a road trip, tips on where to stay, and full-color photos and maps throughout Detailed coverage of: Charleston, Atlanta, Selma to Montgomery, Birmingham, Jackson, the Mississippi Delta, Little Rock, Memphis, Nashville, Raleigh, Durham, Virginia, and Washington DC Foreword by Bree Newsome Bass: activist, filmmaker, and artist Journey through history, understand struggles past and present, and get inspired to create a better future with Moon U.S. Civil Rights Trail. About Moon Travel Guides: Moon was founded in 1973 to empower independent, active, and conscious travel. We prioritize local businesses, outdoor recreation, and traveling strategically and sustainably. Moon Travel Guides are written by local, expert authors with great stories to tell—and they can't wait to share their favorite places with you. For more inspiration, follow @moonguides on social media.

Why We Can't Wait

Author : Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.
Publisher : Beacon Press
ISBN 13 : 0807001139
Total Pages : 120 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Why We Can't Wait by : Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.

Download or read book Why We Can't Wait written by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. and published by Beacon Press. This book was released on 2011-01-11 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dr. King’s best-selling account of the civil rights movement in Birmingham during the spring and summer of 1963 On April 16, 1963, as the violent events of the Birmingham campaign unfolded in the city’s streets, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., composed a letter from his prison cell in response to local religious leaders’ criticism of the campaign. The resulting piece of extraordinary protest writing, “Letter from Birmingham Jail,” was widely circulated and published in numerous periodicals. After the conclusion of the campaign and the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom in 1963, King further developed the ideas introduced in the letter in Why We Can’t Wait, which tells the story of African American activism in the spring and summer of 1963. During this time, Birmingham, Alabama, was perhaps the most racially segregated city in the United States, but the campaign launched by King, Fred Shuttlesworth, and others demonstrated to the world the power of nonviolent direct action. Often applauded as King’s most incisive and eloquent book, Why We Can’t Wait recounts the Birmingham campaign in vivid detail, while underscoring why 1963 was such a crucial year for the civil rights movement. Disappointed by the slow pace of school desegregation and civil rights legislation, King observed that by 1963—during which the country celebrated the one-hundredth anniversary of the Emancipation Proclamation—Asia and Africa were “moving with jetlike speed toward gaining political independence but we still creep at a horse-and-buggy pace.” King examines the history of the civil rights struggle, noting tasks that future generations must accomplish to bring about full equality, and asserts that African Americans have already waited over three centuries for civil rights and that it is time to be proactive: “For years now, I have heard the word ‘Wait!’ It rings in the ear of every Negro with piercing familiarity. This ‘Wait’ has almost always meant ‘Never.’ We must come to see, with one of our distinguished jurists, that ‘justice too long delayed is justice denied.’”

The Theological and Miscellaneous Works of Joseph Priestley ... Edited with Notes by J. T. Rutt

Author : Joseph Priestley
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1020 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (27 download)

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Book Synopsis The Theological and Miscellaneous Works of Joseph Priestley ... Edited with Notes by J. T. Rutt by : Joseph Priestley

Download or read book The Theological and Miscellaneous Works of Joseph Priestley ... Edited with Notes by J. T. Rutt written by Joseph Priestley and published by . This book was released on 1817 with total page 1020 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Young Crusaders

Author : V. P. Franklin
Publisher : Beacon Press
ISBN 13 : 080704007X
Total Pages : 338 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis The Young Crusaders by : V. P. Franklin

Download or read book The Young Crusaders written by V. P. Franklin and published by Beacon Press. This book was released on 2021-02-23 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An authoritative history of the overlooked youth activists that spearheaded the largest protests of the Civil Rights Movement and set the blueprint for future generations of activists to follow. Some of the most iconic images of the Civil Rights Movement are those of young people engaged in social activism, such as children and teenagers in 1963 being attacked by police in Birmingham with dogs and water hoses. But their contributions have not been well documented or prioritized. The Young Crusaders is the first book dedicated to telling the story of the hundreds of thousands of children and teenagers who engaged in sit-ins, school strikes, boycotts, marches, and demonstrations in which Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and other national civil rights leaders played little or no part. It was these young activists who joined in the largest civil rights demonstration in US history: the system-wide school boycott in New York City on February 3, 1964, where over 360,000 elementary and secondary school students went on strike and thousands attended freedom schools. Later that month, tens of thousands of children and teenagers participated in the “Freedom Day” boycotts in Boston and Chicago, also demanding “quality integrated education.” Distinguished historian V. P. Franklin illustrates how their ingenuity made these and numerous other campaigns across the country successful in bringing about the end to legalized racial discrimination. It was these unheralded young people who set the blueprint for today’s youth activists and their campaigns to address poverty, joblessness, educational inequality, and racialized violence and discrimination. Understanding the role of children and teenagers transforms how we understand the Civil Rights Movement and the broader part young people have played in shepherding social and educational progress, and it serves as a model for the youth-led “reparatory justice” campaigns seen today mounted by Black Lives Matter, March for Our Lives, and the Sunrise Movement. Highlighting the voices of the young people themselves, Franklin offers a redefining narrative, complemented by arresting archival images. The Young Crusaders reveals a radical history that both challenges and expands our understanding of the Civil Rights Movement.