Biology As Ideology

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Biology As Ideology

Author : Richard Lewontin
Publisher : House of Anansi
ISBN 13 : 0887848478
Total Pages : 112 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (878 download)

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Book Synopsis Biology As Ideology by : Richard Lewontin

Download or read book Biology As Ideology written by Richard Lewontin and published by House of Anansi. This book was released on 1996-10-23 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: R. C. Lewontin is a prominent scientist -- a geneticist who teaches at Harvard -- yet he believes that we have placed science on a pedestal, treating it as an objective body of knowledge that transcends all other ways of knowing and all other endeavours. Lewontin writes in this collection of essays, which began their life as CBC Radio's Massey Lectures Series for 1990: "Scientists do not begin life as scientists, after all, but as social beings immersed in a family, a state, a productive structure, and they view nature through a lens that has been molded by their social experience... . Science, like the Church before it, is a supremely social institution, reflecting and reinforcing the dominant values and vices of society at each historical epoch." In Biology as Ideology Lewontin examines the false paths down which modern scientific ideology has led us. By admitting science's limitations, he helps us rediscover the richness of nature -- and appreciate the real value of science.

Biology and Ideology from Descartes to Dawkins

Author : Denis R. Alexander
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226608425
Total Pages : 461 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (266 download)

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Book Synopsis Biology and Ideology from Descartes to Dawkins by : Denis R. Alexander

Download or read book Biology and Ideology from Descartes to Dawkins written by Denis R. Alexander and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2010-05-15 with total page 461 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the course of human history, the sciences, and biology in particular, have often been manipulated to cause immense human suffering. For example, biology has been used to justify eugenic programs, forced sterilization, human experimentation, and death camps—all in an attempt to support notions of racial superiority. By investigating the past, the contributors to Biology and Ideology from Descartes to Dawkins hope to better prepare us to discern ideological abuse of science when it occurs in the future. Denis R. Alexander and Ronald L. Numbers bring together fourteen experts to examine the varied ways science has been used and abused for nonscientific purposes from the fifteenth century to the present day. Featuring an essay on eugenics from Edward J. Larson and an examination of the progress of evolution by Michael J. Ruse, Biology and Ideology examines uses both benign and sinister, ultimately reminding us that ideological extrapolation continues today. An accessible survey, this collection will enlighten historians of science, their students, practicing scientists, and anyone interested in the relationship between science and culture.

Not in Our Genes

Author : Richard Lewontin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781608467273
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (672 download)

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Book Synopsis Not in Our Genes by : Richard Lewontin

Download or read book Not in Our Genes written by Richard Lewontin and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three eminent scientists analyze the scientific, social, and political roots of biological determinism.

The Dialectical Biologist

Author : Richard Levins
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780674202832
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (28 download)

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Book Synopsis The Dialectical Biologist by : Richard Levins

Download or read book The Dialectical Biologist written by Richard Levins and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1985 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientists act within a social context and from a philosophical perspective that is inherently political. Whether they realize it or not, scientists always choose sides. The Dialectical Biologist explores this political nature of scientific inquiry, advancing its argument within the framework of Marxist dialectic. These essays stress the concepts of continual change and codetermination between organism and environment, part and whole, structure and process, science and politics. Throughout, this book questions our accepted definitions and biases, showing the self-reflective nature of scientific activity within society.

It Ain't Necessarily So

Author : Richard Lewontin
Publisher : New York Review of Books
ISBN 13 : 9780940322950
Total Pages : 404 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (229 download)

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Book Synopsis It Ain't Necessarily So by : Richard Lewontin

Download or read book It Ain't Necessarily So written by Richard Lewontin and published by New York Review of Books. This book was released on 2001-09-30 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is our nature—as individuals, as a species—determined by our evolution and encoded in our genes? If we unravel the protein sequences of our DNA, will we gain the power to cure all of our physiological and psychological afflictions and even to solve the problems of our society? Today biologists—especially geneticists—are proposing answers to questions that have long been asked by philosophy or faith or the social sciences. Their work carries the weight of scientific authority and attracts widespread public attention, but it is often based on what the renowned evolutionary biologist Richard Lewontin identifies as a highly reductive misconception: "the pervasive error that confuses the genetic state of an organism with its total physical and psychic nature as a human being." In these nine essays covering the history of modern biology from Darwin to Dolly the sheep, all of which were originally published in The New York Review of Books, Lewontin combines sharp criticisms of overreaching scientific claims with lucid expositions of the exact state of current scientific knowledge—not only what we do know, but what we don't and maybe won't anytime soon. Among the subjects he discusses are heredity and natural selection, evolutionary psychology and altruism, nineteenth-century naturalist novels, sex surveys, cloning, and the Human Genome Project. In each case he casts an ever-vigilant and deflationary eye on the temptation to look to biology for explanations of everything we want to know about our physical, mental, and social lives. These essays—several of them updated with epilogues that take account of scientific developments since they were first written—are an indispensable guide to the most controversial issues in the life sciences today. The second edition of this collection includes new essays on genetically modified food and the completion of the Human Genome Project. It is an indispensable guide to the most controversial issues in the life sciences today.

Biology As Ideology The Doctrine of DNA.

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Biology As Ideology The Doctrine of DNA. by :

Download or read book Biology As Ideology The Doctrine of DNA. written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: R. C. Lewontin is a prominent scientist -- a geneticist who teaches at Harvard -- yet he believes that we have placed science on a pedestal, treating it as an objective body of knowledge that transcends all other ways of knowing and all other endeavours. Lewontin writes in this collection of essays, which began their life as CBC Radio's Massey Lectures Series for 1990: "Scientists do not begin life as scientists, after all, but as social beings immersed in a family, a state, a productive structure, and they view nature through a lens that has been molded by their social experience. . . . Science, like the Church before it, is a supremely social institution, reflecting and reinforcing the dominant values and vices of society at each historical epoch." In Biology as Ideology Lewontin examines the false paths down which modern scientific ideology has led us. By admitting science's limitations, he helps us rediscover the richness of nature -- and appreciate the real value of science.

Predisposed

Author : John R. Hibbing
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136281215
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (362 download)

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Book Synopsis Predisposed by : John R. Hibbing

Download or read book Predisposed written by John R. Hibbing and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-09-23 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Buried in many people and operating largely outside the realm of conscious thought are forces inclining us toward liberal or conservative political convictions. Our biology predisposes us to see and understand the world in different ways, not always reason and the careful consideration of facts. These predispositions are in turn responsible for a significant portion of the political and ideological conflict that marks human history. With verve and wit, renowned social scientists John Hibbing, Kevin Smith, and John Alford—pioneers in the field of biopolitics—present overwhelming evidence that people differ politically not just because they grew up in different cultures or were presented with different information. Despite the oft-heard longing for consensus, unity, and peace, the universal rift between conservatives and liberals endures because people have diverse psychological, physiological, and genetic traits. These biological differences influence much of what makes people who they are, including their orientations to politics. Political disputes typically spring from the assumption that those who do not agree with us are shallow, misguided, uninformed, and ignorant. Predisposed suggests instead that political opponents simply experience, process, and respond to the world differently. It follows, then, that the key to getting along politically is not the ability of one side to persuade the other side to see the error of its ways but rather the ability of each side to see that the other is different, not just politically, but physically. Predisposed will change the way you think about politics and partisan conflict. As a bonus, the book includes a "Left/Right 20 Questions" game to test whether your predispositions lean liberal or conservative.

The Doctrine of DNA

Author : Richard C. Lewontin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780140232196
Total Pages : 128 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (321 download)

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Book Synopsis The Doctrine of DNA by : Richard C. Lewontin

Download or read book The Doctrine of DNA written by Richard C. Lewontin and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, the latest in the continuing debate between the genetic reductionists (such as Richard Dawkins, John Maynard Smith and E.O. Wilson) and those who argue for a rather more complex relationship between genes and the environment (such as Stephen Jay Gould, Steven Rose and Niles Eldredge). Lewontin is a forceful writer and this is an effective statement of the case against the selfish gene.

Im/partial Science

Author : Bonnie Spanier
Publisher : Indiana University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780253209689
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis Im/partial Science by : Bonnie Spanier

Download or read book Im/partial Science written by Bonnie Spanier and published by Indiana University Press. This book was released on 1995 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Best known today for her nature writing and southwestern cultural studies, Mary Hunter Austin (1868-1934) has been increasingly recognized for her outspoken essays on feminist themes. This volume collects her nonfiction journalism, with each essay prefaced by brief introductory remarks by the editor. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

The Triple Helix

Author : Richard C. Lewontin
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780674006775
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (67 download)

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Book Synopsis The Triple Helix by : Richard C. Lewontin

Download or read book The Triple Helix written by Richard C. Lewontin and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of our most brilliant evolutionary biologists, Richard Lewontin here provides a concise, accessible account of what his work has taught him about biology and about its relevance to human affairs. In the process, he exposes some of the common and troubling misconceptions that misdirect and stall our understanding of biology and evolution.

Lysenko’s Ghost

Author : Loren Graham
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674089057
Total Pages : 222 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis Lysenko’s Ghost by : Loren Graham

Download or read book Lysenko’s Ghost written by Loren Graham and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2016-04-11 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conclusion -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Acknowledgments -- Index.

Biology Under the Influence

Author : Richard Lewontin
Publisher : NYU Press
ISBN 13 : 1583671587
Total Pages : 403 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (836 download)

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Book Synopsis Biology Under the Influence by : Richard Lewontin

Download or read book Biology Under the Influence written by Richard Lewontin and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2007-11-01 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do we understand the world? While some look to the heavens for intelligent design, others argue that it is determined by information encoded in DNA. Science serves as an important activity for uncovering the processes and operations of nature, but it is also immersed in a social context where ideology influences the questions we ask and how we approach the material world. Biology Under the Influence: Dialectical Essays on the Coevolution of Nature and Society breaks from the confirms of determinism, offering a dialectical analysis for comprehending a dynamic social and natural world. In Biology Under the Influence, Richard Lewontin and Richard Levins provide a devastating critique of genetic determinism and reductionism within science while exploring a broad range of issues including the nature of science, biology, evolution, the environment, pubic health, and dialectics, They dismantle the ideology that attempts to naturalize social inequalities, unveil the alienation of science and nature, and illustrate how a dialectical position serves as a basis for grappling with historical developments and a world characterized by change. Biology Under the Influence brings together the illuminating essays of two prominent scientists who work to demystify and empower the public's understanding of science and nature.

Tactical Biopolitics

Author : Beatriz Da Costa
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262514915
Total Pages : 535 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis Tactical Biopolitics by : Beatriz Da Costa

Download or read book Tactical Biopolitics written by Beatriz Da Costa and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2010-08-13 with total page 535 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientists, scholars, and artists consider the political significance of recent advances in the biological sciences. Popular culture in this “biological century” seems to feed on proliferating fears, anxieties, and hopes around the life sciences at a time when such basic concepts as scientific truth, race and gender identity, and the human itself are destabilized in the public eye. Tactical Biopolitics suggests that the political challenges at the intersection of life, science, and art are best addressed through a combination of artistic intervention, critical theorizing, and reflective practices. Transcending disciplinary boundaries, contributions to this volume focus on the political significance of recent advances in the biological sciences and explore the possibility of public participation in scientific discourse, drawing on research and practice in art, biology, critical theory, anthropology, and cultural studies. After framing the subject in terms of both biology and art, Tactical Biopolitics discusses such topics as race and genetics (with contributions from leading biologists Richard Lewontin and Richard Levins); feminist bioscience; the politics of scientific expertise; bioart and the public sphere (with an essay by artist Claire Pentecost); activism and public health (with an essay by Treatment Action Group co-founder Mark Harrington); biosecurity after 9/11 (with essays by artists' collective Critical Art Ensemble and anthropologist Paul Rabinow); and human-animal interaction (with a framing essay by cultural theorist Donna Haraway). Contributors Gaymon Bennett, Larry Carbone, Karen Cardozo, Gary Cass, Beatriz da Costa, Oron Catts, Gabriella Coleman, Critical Art Ensemble, Gwen D'Arcangelis, Troy Duster, Donna Haraway, Mark Harrington, Jens Hauser, Kathy High, Fatimah Jackson, Gwyneth Jones, Jonathan King, Richard Levins, Richard Lewontin, Rachel Mayeri, Sherie McDonald, Claire Pentecost, Kavita Philip, Paul Rabinow, Banu Subramanian, subRosa, Abha Sur, Samir Sur, Jacqueline Stevens, Eugene Thacker, Paul Vanouse, Ionat Zurr

Evolution's Rainbow

Author : Joan Roughgarden
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520957970
Total Pages : 491 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (29 download)

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Book Synopsis Evolution's Rainbow by : Joan Roughgarden

Download or read book Evolution's Rainbow written by Joan Roughgarden and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2013-09-14 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this innovative celebration of diversity and affirmation of individuality in animals and humans, Joan Roughgarden challenges accepted wisdom about gender identity and sexual orientation. A distinguished evolutionary biologist, Roughgarden takes on the medical establishment, the Bible, social science—and even Darwin himself. She leads the reader through a fascinating discussion of diversity in gender and sexuality among fish, reptiles, amphibians, birds, and mammals, including primates. Evolution's Rainbow explains how this diversity develops from the action of genes and hormones and how people come to differ from each other in all aspects of body and behavior. Roughgarden reconstructs primary science in light of feminist, gay, and transgender criticism and redefines our understanding of sex, gender, and sexuality. Witty, playful, and daring, this book will revolutionize our understanding of sexuality. Roughgarden argues that principal elements of Darwinian sexual selection theory are false and suggests a new theory that emphasizes social inclusion and control of access to resources and mating opportunity. She disputes a range of scientific and medical concepts, including Wilson's genetic determinism of behavior, evolutionary psychology, the existence of a gay gene, the role of parenting in determining gender identity, and Dawkins's "selfish gene" as the driver of natural selection. She dares social science to respect the agency and rationality of diverse people; shows that many cultures across the world and throughout history accommodate people we label today as lesbian, gay, and transgendered; and calls on the Christian religion to acknowledge the Bible's many passages endorsing diversity in gender and sexuality. Evolution's Rainbow concludes with bold recommendations for improving education in biology, psychology, and medicine; for democratizing genetic engineering and medical practice; and for building a public monument to affirm diversity as one of our nation's defining principles.

Science and Ideology

Author : Mark Walker
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136466622
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (364 download)

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Book Synopsis Science and Ideology by : Mark Walker

Download or read book Science and Ideology written by Mark Walker and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-11 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Does science work best in a democracy? Were 'Soviet' or 'Nazi' science fundamentally different from science in the USA? These questions have been passionately debated in the recent past. Particular developments in science took place under particular political regimes, but they may or may not have been directly determined by them. Science and Ideology brings together a number of comparative case studies to examine the relationship between science and the dominant ideology of a state. Cybernetics in the USA is compared to France and the Soviet Union. Postwar Allied science policy in occupied Germany is juxtaposed to that in Japan. The essays are narrowly focussed, yet cover a wide range of countries and ideologies. The collection provides a unique comparative history of scientific policies and practices in the 20th century.

Trans

Author : Helen Joyce
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 0861540506
Total Pages : 449 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (615 download)

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Book Synopsis Trans by : Helen Joyce

Download or read book Trans written by Helen Joyce and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2021-07-15 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: THE SUNDAY TIMES BESTSELLER and a Times, Spectator and Observer Book of the Year 2021 ‘In the first decade of this century, it was unthinkable that a gender-critical book could even be published by a prominent publishing house, let alone become a bestseller.’ Louise Perry, New Statesman ‘Thank goodness for Helen Joyce.’ Christina Patterson, Sunday Times ‘Reasonable, methodical, sane, and utterly unintimidated by extremist orthodoxy, Trans is a riveting read.’ Lionel Shriver ‘A tour de force.’ Evening Standard Biological sex is no longer accepted as a basic fact of life. It is forbidden to admit that female people sometimes need protection and privacy from male ones. In an analysis that is at once expert, sympathetic and urgent, Helen Joyce offers an antidote to the chaos and cancelling.

Biology at Work

Author : Kingsley R. Browne
Publisher : Rutgers University Press
ISBN 13 : 0813542472
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Biology at Work by : Kingsley R. Browne

Download or read book Biology at Work written by Kingsley R. Browne and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2002-06-06 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Does biology help explain why women, on average, earn less money than men? Is there any evolutionary basis for the scarcity of female CEOs in Fortune 500 companies? According to Kingsley Browne, the answer may be yes. Biology at Work brings an evolutionary perspective to bear on issues of women in the workplace: the "glass ceiling," the "gender gap" in pay, sexual harassment, and occupational segregation. While acknowledging the role of discrimination and sexist socialization, Browne suggests that until we factor real biological differences between men and women into the equation, the explanation remains incomplete. Browne looks at behavioral differences between men and women as products of different evolutionary pressures facing them throughout human history. Womens biological investment in their offspring has led them to be on average more nurturing and risk averse, and to value relationships over competition. Men have been biologically rewarded, over human history, for displays of strength and skill, risk taking, and status acquisition. These behavioral differences have numerous workplace consequences. Not surprisingly, sex differences in the drive for status lead to sex differences in the achievement of status. Browne argues that decision makers should recognize that policies based on the assumption of a single androgynous human nature are unlikely to be successful. Simply removing barriers to inequality will not achieve equality, as women and men typically value different things in the workplace and will make different workplace choices based on their different preferences. Rather than simply putting forward the "nature" side of the debate, Browne suggests that dichotomies such as nature/nurture have impeded our understanding of the origins of human behavior. Through evolutionary biology we can understand not only how natural selection has created predispositions toward certain types of behavior but also how the social environment interacts with these predispositions to produce observed behavioral patterns.