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Biological Control Of Charcoal Rot Of Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench Caused By Macrophomina Phaseoline Tassi Goid
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Book Synopsis Biological Control of Charcoal Rot of Sorghum [Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench] Caused by Macrophomina Phaseoline (Tassi) Goid by : Sunil A. Desai
Download or read book Biological Control of Charcoal Rot of Sorghum [Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench] Caused by Macrophomina Phaseoline (Tassi) Goid written by Sunil A. Desai and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Further Studies on Charcoal Rot of Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench) Caused by Macrophomina Phaseolina (Tassi Goid). by : Adsul S S.
Download or read book Further Studies on Charcoal Rot of Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench) Caused by Macrophomina Phaseolina (Tassi Goid). written by Adsul S S. and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Dissecting the Molecular Responses of Sorghum Bicolor to Macrophomina Phaseolina Infection by : Y. M. Ananda Yapa Bandara
Download or read book Dissecting the Molecular Responses of Sorghum Bicolor to Macrophomina Phaseolina Infection written by Y. M. Ananda Yapa Bandara and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Charcoal rot, caused by the necrotrophic fungus, Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid., is an important disease in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench). The molecular interactions between sorghum and M. phaseolina are poorly understood. In this study, a large-scale RNA-Seq experiment and four follow-up functional experiments were conducted to understand the molecular basis of charcoal rot resistance and/or susceptibility in sorghum. In the first experiment, stalk mRNA was extracted from charcoal-rot-resistant (SC599) and susceptible (Tx7000) genotypes and subjected to RNA sequencing. Upon M. phaseolina inoculation, 8560 genes were differentially expressed between the two genotypes, out of which 2053 were components of 200 known metabolic pathways. Many of these pathways were significantly up-regulated in the susceptible genotype and are thought to contribute to enhanced pathogen nutrition and virulence, impeded host basal immunity, and reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen species (RNS)-mediated host cell death. The paradoxical hormonal regulation observed in pathogen-inoculated Tx7000 was characterized by strongly upregulated salicylic acid and down-regulated jasmonic acid pathways. These findings provided useful insights into induced host susceptibility in response to this necrotrophic fungus at the whole-genome scale. The second experiment was conducted to investigate the dynamics of host oxidative stress under pathogen infection. Results showed M. phaseolina's ability to significantly increase the ROS and RNS content of two charcoal-rot-susceptible genotypes, Tx7000 and BTx3042. Over-accumulation of nitric oxide (NO) in stalk tissues in the pathogen-inoculated susceptible genotypes was confirmed using a NO-specific fluorescent probe and confocal microscopy. Significantly increased malondialdehyde content confirmed the enhanced oxidative stress experienced by the susceptible genotypes after pathogen inoculation. These findings suggested the contribution of oxidative stress-associated induced cell death on charcoal rot susceptibility under infection. In the third functional experiment, the behavior of the sorghum antioxidant system after pathogen inoculation was investigated. M. phaseolina significantly increased the glutathione s- transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GR), and peroxidase activities of the susceptible genotypes (Tx7000, BTx3042) but not in the resistant genotypes (SC599, SC35). Increased activities of these enzymes in susceptible genotypes may contribute to reduced oxidative stress thus lowering charcoal rot susceptibility. The fourth functional experiment was designed to quantify induced host-derived cell wall degrading enzymes (CWDEs) using crude enzyme mixtures from stalks. A gel diffusion assay revealed significantly increased pectinesterase activity in pathogen-inoculated Tx7000 and BTx3042 while significantly increased polygalacturonase activity was determined by absorbance. Fluorimetric determination of cell extracts revealed significantly increased cellulose degrading enzyme activity in M. phaseolina-inoculated Tx7000 and BTx3042. These findings revealed the pathogen's ability to promote charcoal rot susceptibility in grain sorghum through induced host CWDEs. The last functional study was designed to profile the stalk tissue lipidome of Tx7000 and SC599 after M. phaseolina inoculation using automated direct infusion electrospray ionization-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS). M. phaseolina significantly decreased the phytosterol, phosphatidylserine, and ox-lipid contents in Tx7000 while significantly increasing stigmasterol:sitosterol ratio. Except for ox-lipid content, none of the above was significantly affected in resistant SC599. Results suggested the lethal impacts of M. phaseolina inoculation on plastid- and cell- membrane integrity and the lipid-based signaling capacity of Tx7000. Findings shed light on the host lipid classes that contribute to induced charcoal rot susceptibility in grain sorghum.
Book Synopsis Macrophomina Phaseolina by : Pankaj Kumar
Download or read book Macrophomina Phaseolina written by Pankaj Kumar and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-06-08 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Macrophomina Phaseolina: Ecobiology, Pathology and Management provides insights into the sustainable prevention and treatment of this wide-spread challenge to plant health. With a focus on agricultural as well as non-food plant challenges, the book highlights diverse approaches and provides central insights. The pathogen?of M. phaseolina affects the fibrovascular system of roots and basal internodes of its host, impeding the transport of water and nutrients to the upper parts of the plant, thus resulting in progressive wilting, premature drying and dying, loss of vigor, and reduced yield. Finally, the book explores the interaction of M. phaseolina with soil, microbes and ecological conditions to control disease-causing strategies. Recognizing the necessity that strategies applied to manage the disease should have no or minimum effect on ecological resources, the book focuses on alternative sustainable management technologies such as mix-cropping, the use of antagonistic bacteria and fungi and microbial biosurfactants, plant growth promoting antagonistic rhizobacteria and how cultural practices may also play an important role. Identifies plant diseases caused by Macrophomina phaseolina Explores M. phaseolina genetic diversity Highlights pesticide tolerance and alternative control options
Book Synopsis Studies on Charcoal Rot of Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor L. Moench) Caused by Macrophomina Phaselina (Tassi) Gold. Part II Studies on Pod Rot of Drumstick (Moringa Oleifera L.) Caused by Drech and Jain Ex. M.B. Ellis by : Kshirsagar C R.
Download or read book Studies on Charcoal Rot of Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor L. Moench) Caused by Macrophomina Phaselina (Tassi) Gold. Part II Studies on Pod Rot of Drumstick (Moringa Oleifera L.) Caused by Drech and Jain Ex. M.B. Ellis written by Kshirsagar C R. and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Genetic Analysis of Yield Components and Charcoal Rot (Macrophomina Phaseolina (Tassi) Goid.) Resistance in Rabi Sorghum (sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench). by : K. Hussain Sahib
Download or read book Genetic Analysis of Yield Components and Charcoal Rot (Macrophomina Phaseolina (Tassi) Goid.) Resistance in Rabi Sorghum (sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench). written by K. Hussain Sahib and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Variation in Macrophomina Phaseolina (Tassi) Goid, Causing Charcoal Rot of Sorghum by : SUBRAMANIAM J
Download or read book Variation in Macrophomina Phaseolina (Tassi) Goid, Causing Charcoal Rot of Sorghum written by SUBRAMANIAM J and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Journal of Biological Control written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 710 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Disease Management in Arid Land Crops by : S. Lodha
Download or read book Disease Management in Arid Land Crops written by S. Lodha and published by Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2008-06-01 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Like other agro climatic zones of India, crops in arid region also suffer enormously due to vagaries of plant diseases. Certain agro-climatic conditions favor occurrence and development of these diseases, which often takes a serous form resulting in heavy crop losses. Instances are there when growers have abandoned cultivation of cumin, a cash crop, which suffered heavily due to wilt and shifted to less remunerative or more irrigation requiring crops. Even several folk songs depict the plight of cumin growers. Similarly, concurrent soil moisture and heat stress favor survival and multiplication of soil-borne plant pathogens that causes root rots in many legumes, oilseeds and trees. As arid lands are brought under irrigation, several newer or hitherto unimportant diseases have also became serious. With the burgeoning population pressure, arid region is now confronted with producing more grain and fodder per unit of land. Besides cultivation of drought hardy varieties of crops under improved agronomic practices, management of plant diseases is yet another area, which can accept this challenge to maximize productivity of arid lands. In the present compendium, contributions were invited from experienced research workers working in specialized Institutes. An effort has been made to provide information on the occurrence of major diseases on principal cereals, legumes, oilseeds, spices, horticultural crops, trees, medicinal plants, etc, and on factors influencing their development and practical remedial measures to reduce crop losses.
Book Synopsis Sorghum in the 21st Century: Food – Fodder – Feed – Fuel for a Rapidly Changing World by : Vilas A. Tonapi
Download or read book Sorghum in the 21st Century: Food – Fodder – Feed – Fuel for a Rapidly Changing World written by Vilas A. Tonapi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-01-04 with total page 932 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sorghum is the most important cereal crop grown in the semi-arid tropics (SAT) of Africa, Asia, Australia and Americas for food, feed, fodder and fuel. It is the fifth most important cereal crop globally after rice, wheat, maize and barley, and plays a major role in global food security. Sorghum is consumed in different forms for various end-uses. Its grain is mostly used directly for food purposes. After the release of the proceedings of two international symposia in the form of books “Sorghum in Seventies” and “Sorghum in Eighties”, global sorghum research and development have not been documented at one place. Of course, few books on sorghum have been released that focus on specific issues/research areas, but comprehensive review of all aspects of recent development in different areas of sorghum science has not been compiled in the form a single book. This book is intended to fill in a void to bridge the gap by documenting all aspects of recent research and development in sorghum encompassing all the progress made, milestones achieved across globe in genetic diversity assessment, crop improvement and production, strategies for high yield, biotic and abiotic stress resistance, grain and stover quality aspects, storage, nutrition, health and industrial applications, biotechnological applications to increase production, including regional and global policy perspectives and developmental needs. This book will be an institutional effort to compile all the latest information generated in research and development in sorghum across the globe at one place.
Book Synopsis Physiological Pathology of Charcoal Rot of Sorghum Incited by Macrophomina Phaseolina (Tassi) Goid by : B. Venkata Rao
Download or read book Physiological Pathology of Charcoal Rot of Sorghum Incited by Macrophomina Phaseolina (Tassi) Goid written by B. Venkata Rao and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Understanding the Physiological and Molecular Aspects of Charcoal Rot Resistance Mechanisms in Sorghum and Soybean by : Afsana Noor
Download or read book Understanding the Physiological and Molecular Aspects of Charcoal Rot Resistance Mechanisms in Sorghum and Soybean written by Afsana Noor and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Charcoal rot (CR) of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is caused by the hemibiotrophic soilborne fungus Macrophomina phaseolina (MP) and is an important pathogen in the midwestern United States. Complex molecular mechanisms underlie the interaction of MP with these two hosts, which impedes resistance breeding. To select for charcoal rot resistance, a thorough understanding of the host's physiological and molecular responses to MP along with screening of genotypes with resistance to CR is essential. To understand MP induced host's physiological and molecular responses, first we investigated MP-induced oxidative stress-mediated senescence by using the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger ascorbic acid in soybean seedlings. Three soybean isolates of MP were tested for their sensitivity to ascorbic acid using an in-vitro assay. An in-planta soybean cut-stem assay was used for the exogenous application of ascorbic acid (oxidized and reduced form) following inoculation with MP. A ROS (H2O2) quantification assay was used to validate H2O2 induced by MP and ascorbic acid pre-treatment. All three MP isolates were sensitive to ascorbic acid concentrations of ≥15 mM. Ascorbic acid (10mM) pre-treatment following MP inoculation reduced CR lesion length compared to inoculated treatment. MP induced a significantly higher H2O2 than ascorbic acid pre-treated inoculated plant. Second, through comparative transcriptomics, MP-resistant and susceptible soybean genotypes revealed contrasted responses to MP-induced senescence. Gene Ontology and pathway analysis showed MP-induced receptor kinase like genes in both genotypes while down-regulated defense related antioxidant, hormonal, and other metabolic pathways in both genotypes. Ascorbic acid pre-treatment induced a more significant number of photosynthesis genes in both genotypes. Hydrogen peroxide pre-treatment following inoculation showed up-regulation of oxidative stress responsive pathways while down-regulated photosynthesis and hormonal signal transduction pathways. Third, the NAM phenotyping for CR resistance results of location- and year-wise data showed strong genotype by environment interactions. Overall, using MP screening, charcoal rot resistance phenotyping in the NAM parental lines revealed the genotype SC1103 as the most resistant line and Segaolane and Macia as the most susceptible. The SC1103 NAM family-derived population can be used for charcoal rot resistance in association studies to map charcoal rot resistance.
Book Synopsis Studies on Management of Charcoal Rot of Sorghum Caused by Macrophomina Phaseloina Goid by : N. D. Mahajan
Download or read book Studies on Management of Charcoal Rot of Sorghum Caused by Macrophomina Phaseloina Goid written by N. D. Mahajan and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Diseases of Field Crops Diagnosis and Management by : J. N. Srivastava
Download or read book Diseases of Field Crops Diagnosis and Management written by J. N. Srivastava and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-05-16 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plant diseases cause yield loss in crop production, poor quality of produce, and great economic losses as well. Knowledge of the perpetuation and spread of the pathogens and various factors affecting disease development is an important need. Disease diagnosis is the prime requirement for determining preventive or curative measures for effective disease management. This new 2-volume set, Diseases of Field Crops, helps to fill the need for research on plant diseases, their effects, how they spread, and effective management measures to mitigate their harmful consequences. The volumes in this set showcase recent advances in molecular plant pathology and discuss appropriate diagnostic techniques for identification of causal agents and diseases, providing the information necessary to establish management strategies. The chapters in these two volumes include detailed description of symptoms, causal organisms, disease cycles, epidemiology, and management techniques of economically important diseases. The volumes explore existing strategies and offer new methods that can be used in an integrated manner and with a comprehensive approach for the management of major diseases of the field crops. Also taken into consideration is the impact of global climate change on the spread and severity of plant diseases. This volume focuses on a selection of cereal crops or grains for fodder and human food and the diseases that affect them. The crops include rice, maize, wheat, millet, sorghum, jute, and more. Volume 2 covers pulses, oil seeds, narcotics, and sugar crops.
Book Synopsis Taxonomy and Ecology of Indian Fungi by : K. G. Mukerji
Download or read book Taxonomy and Ecology of Indian Fungi written by K. G. Mukerji and published by I. K. International Pvt Ltd. This book was released on 2010 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fungal world embodies diversified groups which colonize, multiply and survive in nature on many macro- and micro-ecological niches and substrates. Fungi are eukaryotic, achlorophyllous, filamentous or unicellular living organisms which are ubiquitous and cosmopolitan in distribution. Of the estimated 1.5 million fungal species, more than 98,000 fungal species have been described. Approximately 28,000 fungal species are reported from India. The fungi play an important role in biodegradation, recycling of organic matter, pharmaceutical industries, agriculture, medicine, industry, bioremediation, waste management and other activities. In India hardly we have database but for few a books on Indian fungi, compiled from time to time by some mycologists. The present book includes 16 chapters contributed by eminent mycologists. Chapters include data on diversity, taxonomy, ecology and application of Helicosporous fungi, genus Spegazzinia, Rusts and Smuts, Chaetomiaceae, Macrophomina, Rhizoctonia, Russula, wild edible fungi, poisonous mushrooms, insect fungi and other related aspects. This book will be very useful and a valuable addition to the existing literature on the same subject.
Book Synopsis Diseases of Field Crops Diagnosis and Management, 2-Volume Set by : J. N. Srivastava
Download or read book Diseases of Field Crops Diagnosis and Management, 2-Volume Set written by J. N. Srivastava and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-06-07 with total page 840 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new 2-volume set, Diseases of Field Crops: Diagnosis and Management, helps to fill the need for research on plant diseases, their effects, how they spread, and effective management measures to mitigate their harmful effects. The volumes in this set showcase recent advances in molecular plant pathology and discuss appropriate diagnostic techniques for identification of causal agents and diseases, providing the information necessary to establish management strategies. The chapters in these two volumes include detailed description of symptoms, causal organisms, disease cycles, epidemiology, and management techniques of economically important diseases. The volumes explore existing strategies and offer new methods that can be used in an integrated manner and with a comprehensive approach for the management of major diseases of the field crops. Also taken into consideration is the impact of global climate change on the spread and severity of plant diseases.
Book Synopsis Studies on the Effect of Rhizosphere on Development of Charcoal Rot in Sorghum and Saprophytic Survival of Macrophomina Phaseolina (Tassi) Goid). by : G. Sekhar
Download or read book Studies on the Effect of Rhizosphere on Development of Charcoal Rot in Sorghum and Saprophytic Survival of Macrophomina Phaseolina (Tassi) Goid). written by G. Sekhar and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
![Download Biological Control of Charcoal Rot of Sorghum [Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench] Caused by Macrophomina Phaseoline (Tassi) Goid PDF Online Free](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/ctL6zgEACAAJ?fife=w200-h370)
