Bioinformatics Biodefense

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Biodefense in the Age of Synthetic Biology

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309465184
Total Pages : 189 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Biodefense in the Age of Synthetic Biology by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Biodefense in the Age of Synthetic Biology written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-01-05 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific advances over the past several decades have accelerated the ability to engineer existing organisms and to potentially create novel ones not found in nature. Synthetic biology, which collectively refers to concepts, approaches, and tools that enable the modification or creation of biological organisms, is being pursued overwhelmingly for beneficial purposes ranging from reducing the burden of disease to improving agricultural yields to remediating pollution. Although the contributions synthetic biology can make in these and other areas hold great promise, it is also possible to imagine malicious uses that could threaten U.S. citizens and military personnel. Making informed decisions about how to address such concerns requires a realistic assessment of the capabilities that could be misused. Biodefense in the Age of Synthetic Biology explores and envisions potential misuses of synthetic biology. This report develops a framework to guide an assessment of the security concerns related to advances in synthetic biology, assesses the levels of concern warranted for such advances, and identifies options that could help mitigate those concerns.

A Proposed Framework for Identifying Potential Biodefense Vulnerabilities Posed by Synthetic Biology

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030946286X
Total Pages : 53 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis A Proposed Framework for Identifying Potential Biodefense Vulnerabilities Posed by Synthetic Biology by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book A Proposed Framework for Identifying Potential Biodefense Vulnerabilities Posed by Synthetic Biology written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-12-20 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Building on an increasingly sophisticated understanding of naturally occurring biological processes, researchers have developed technologies to predictably modify or create organisms or biological components. This research, known collectively as synthetic biology, is being pursued for a variety of purposes, from reducing the burden of disease to improving agricultural yields to remediating pollution. While synthetic biology is being pursued primarily for beneficial and legitimate purposes, it is possible to imagine malicious uses that could threaten human health or military readiness and performance. Making informed decisions about how to address such concerns requires a comprehensive, realistic assessment. To this end, the U.S. Department of Defense, working with other agencies involved in biodefense, asked the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to develop a framework to guide an assessment of the security concerns related to advances in synthetic biology, to assess the level of concern warranted for various advances and identify areas of vulnerability, and to prioritize options to address these vulnerabilities. This interim report proposes a framework for identifying and prioritizing potential areas of concern associated with synthetic biologyâ€"a tool to aid the consideration of concerns related to synthetic biology. The framework describes categories of synthetic biology technologies and applicationsâ€"such as genome editing, directed evolution, and automated biological designâ€"and provides a set of initial questions to guide the assessment of concern related to these technologies and applications.

Globalization, Biosecurity, and the Future of the Life Sciences

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309164753
Total Pages : 316 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Globalization, Biosecurity, and the Future of the Life Sciences by : National Research Council

Download or read book Globalization, Biosecurity, and the Future of the Life Sciences written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-06-07 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomedical advances have made it possible to identify and manipulate features of living organisms in useful ways-leading to improvements in public health, agriculture, and other areas. The globalization of scientific and technical expertise also means that many scientists and other individuals around the world are generating breakthroughs in the life sciences and related technologies. The risks posed by bioterrorism and the proliferation of biological weapons capabilities have increased concern about how the rapid advances in genetic engineering and biotechnology could enable the production of biological weapons with unique and unpredictable characteristics. Globalization, Biosecurity, and the Future of Life Sciences examines current trends and future objectives of research in public health, life sciences, and biomedical science that contain applications relevant to developments in biological weapons 5 to 10 years into the future and ways to anticipate, identify, and mitigate these dangers.

Microbial Forensics

Author : Bruce Budowle
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0123820073
Total Pages : 753 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (238 download)

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Book Synopsis Microbial Forensics by : Bruce Budowle

Download or read book Microbial Forensics written by Bruce Budowle and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-10-27 with total page 753 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbial Forensics is a rapidly evolving scientific discipline. In the last decade, and particularly due to the anthrax letter attacks in the United States, microbial forensics has become more formalized and has played an increasingly greater role in crime investigations. This has brought renewed interest, development and application of new technologies, and new rules of forensic and policy engagement. It has many applications ranging from biodefense, criminal investigations, providing intelligence information, making society more secure, and helping protect precious resources, particularly human life. A combination of diverse areas is investigated, including the major disciplines of biology, microbiology, medicine, chemistry, physics, statistics, population genetics, and computer science. Microbial Forensics, Second Edition is fully revised and updated and serves as a complete reference of the discipline. It describes the advances, as well as the challenges and opportunities ahead, and will be integral in applying science to help solve future biocrimes. - A collection of microbiology, virology, toxicology and mycology as it relates to forensics, in one reference - New and expanded content to include statistical analysis of forensic data and legal admissibility and the standards of evidence, to name a few - Includes research information and application of that research to crime scene analysis, which will allow practitioners to understand and apply the knowledge to their practice with ease

Science and Security in a Post 9/11 World

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309111919
Total Pages : 136 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Science and Security in a Post 9/11 World by : National Research Council

Download or read book Science and Security in a Post 9/11 World written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-11-10 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on a series of regional meetings on university campuses with officials from the national security community and academic research institutions, this report identifies specific actions that should be taken to maintain a thriving scientific research environment in an era of heightened security concerns. Actions include maintaining the open exchange of scientific information, fostering a productive environment for international scholars in the U.S., reexamining federal definitions of sensitive but unclassified research, and reviewing policies on deemed export controls. The federal government should establish a standing entity, preferably a Science and Security Commission, that would review policies regarding the exchange of information and the participation of foreign-born scientists and students in research.

Biological Weapons Defense

Author : Luther E. Lindler
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1592597645
Total Pages : 594 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis Biological Weapons Defense by : Luther E. Lindler

Download or read book Biological Weapons Defense written by Luther E. Lindler and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-10-27 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2003, the President’s budget for bioterrorism defense totalled more than $5 billion. Today, the nation’s top academic scientists are scrambling to begin work to understand Bacillus anthracis and develop new vaccines and drugs. However, just five years ago, only the US Department of Defense (DOD) seemed concerned about these “exotic” agents. In 1997, the DOD spent approximately $137 million on biodefense to protect the deployed force, while academe, industry, local governments, and most of our federal leadership was oblivious to, and in some cases doubtful of, the seriousness of the threat. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) received the largest budget increase in the organization’s history. Fortunately, during this time of national urgency, a sound base exists on which to build our defenses against this new threat. A relatively small cadre of dedicated scientists within the US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (USAMRMC) laid this foundation over the past 20 years.

Bioinformatics

Author : Anil K. Sharma
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 311156858X
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (115 download)

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Book Synopsis Bioinformatics by : Anil K. Sharma

Download or read book Bioinformatics written by Anil K. Sharma and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2024-12-02 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantitative tools are becoming increasingly important in order to understand complex cascade of signal transduction events, pathways or biochemical reactions. The book showcases how computational techniques and algorithms are applied to biological data analysis, interpretation, and modelling. It covers applications in drug design and discovery, immune systems, phylogenetic analysis and protein structures.

Encyclopedia of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128114320
Total Pages : 3421 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology by :

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-08-21 with total page 3421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Encyclopedia of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology: ABC of Bioinformatics, Three Volume Set combines elements of computer science, information technology, mathematics, statistics and biotechnology, providing the methodology and in silico solutions to mine biological data and processes. The book covers Theory, Topics and Applications, with a special focus on Integrative –omics and Systems Biology. The theoretical, methodological underpinnings of BCB, including phylogeny are covered, as are more current areas of focus, such as translational bioinformatics, cheminformatics, and environmental informatics. Finally, Applications provide guidance for commonly asked questions. This major reference work spans basic and cutting-edge methodologies authored by leaders in the field, providing an invaluable resource for students, scientists, professionals in research institutes, and a broad swath of researchers in biotechnology and the biomedical and pharmaceutical industries. Brings together information from computer science, information technology, mathematics, statistics and biotechnology Written and reviewed by leading experts in the field, providing a unique and authoritative resource Focuses on the main theoretical and methodological concepts before expanding on specific topics and applications Includes interactive images, multimedia tools and crosslinking to further resources and databases

Graduate Programs in the Biological/Biomed Sciences & Health-Related/Med Prof 2015 (Grad 3)

Author : Peterson's
Publisher : Peterson's
ISBN 13 : 0768939526
Total Pages : 5512 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (689 download)

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Book Synopsis Graduate Programs in the Biological/Biomed Sciences & Health-Related/Med Prof 2015 (Grad 3) by : Peterson's

Download or read book Graduate Programs in the Biological/Biomed Sciences & Health-Related/Med Prof 2015 (Grad 3) written by Peterson's and published by Peterson's. This book was released on 2014-12-16 with total page 5512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Peterson's Graduate Programs in the Biological/Biomedical Sciences & Health-Related Medical Professions 2015 contains profiles of 6,750 graduate programs at over 1,200 institutions in the biological/biomedical sciences and health-related/medical professions. Informative data profiles are included for 6,750 graduate programs in every available discipline in the biological and biomedical sciences and health-related medical professions, including facts and figures on accreditation, degree requirements, application deadlines and contact information, financial support, faculty, and student body profiles. Two-page in-depth descriptions, written by featured institutions, offer complete details on specific graduate program, school, or department as well as information on faculty research and the college or university. Comprehensive directories list programs in this volume, as well as others in the graduate series.

Genome Editing and Biological Weapons

Author : Katherine Paris
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031218205
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (312 download)

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Book Synopsis Genome Editing and Biological Weapons by : Katherine Paris

Download or read book Genome Editing and Biological Weapons written by Katherine Paris and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-12-15 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph introduces current genome editing technologies—clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated (Cas) systems, transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), and zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs)—and provides an assessment of the risk of misuse of these technologies based on the following parameters: accessibility, ease of misuse, magnitude of potential harm, and imminence of potential misuse. The findings from this assessment are applied to analyze and evaluate the threat posed by the intentional misuse of genome editing technologies to develop biological weapons. Furthermore, the book discusses the implications of misuse for different applications of genome editing, such as making existing pathogens more dangerous, modifying the human microbiome, weaponizing gene drives, engineering super soldiers, and augmenting the general population to confer economic advantages. Technologies that enable genome editing with programmable nucleases—including CRISPR, TALEN, and ZFN—allow for the precise genetic modification of organisms and cultured cells. While these technologies are used for a variety of beneficial applications, intelligence and defense experts have raised concerns that genome editing technologies, especially CRISPR, could be misused to develop new and improved biological weapons. Furthermore, experts worry that the number and type of actors who could potentially misuse genome editing is dramatically increasing given the democratization of biology, which is allowing biology to become more accessible to everyone including nonexperts. The book provides a comprehensive assessment of how feasible it is for users with different levels of knowledge and skill to acquire and then to apply the technologies to develop a biological weapon. It also provides an assessment of governability and a tailored set of recommendations that address security concerns. These recommendations are sensitive to the cost-benefit trade-off of regulating genome editing technologies. The book targets researchers as well as intelligence analysts, defense and security personnel, and policymakers.

Department of Defense Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Defense Program: Performance Plan 2004

Author :
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1428983279
Total Pages : 122 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (289 download)

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Book Synopsis Department of Defense Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Defense Program: Performance Plan 2004 by :

Download or read book Department of Defense Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Defense Program: Performance Plan 2004 written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Department of Defense Chemical and Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2005

Author :
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1428983244
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (289 download)

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Book Synopsis Department of Defense Chemical and Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2005 by :

Download or read book Department of Defense Chemical and Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress 2005 written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Science Needs for Microbial Forensics

Author : National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Science Needs for Microbial Forensics: Developing an Initial International Roadmap
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780309302456
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (24 download)

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Book Synopsis Science Needs for Microbial Forensics by : National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Science Needs for Microbial Forensics: Developing an Initial International Roadmap

Download or read book Science Needs for Microbial Forensics written by National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Science Needs for Microbial Forensics: Developing an Initial International Roadmap and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For these reasons, building awareness of and capacity in microbial forensics can assist in our understanding of what may have occurred during a biothreat event, and international collaborations that engage the broader scientific and policy-making communities are likely to strengthen our microbial forensics capabilities. One goal would be to create a shared technical understanding of the possibilities--and limitations--of the scientific bases for microbial forensics analysis. Science Needs for Microbial Forensics: Developing Initial International Research Priorities, based partly on a workshop held in Zabgreb, Croatia in 2013, identifies scientific needs that must be addressed to improve the capabilities of microbial forensics to investigate infectious disease outbreaks and provide evidence of sufficient quality to support legal proceedings and the development of government policies.

Issues in Biological and Life Sciences Research: 2011 Edition

Author :
Publisher : ScholarlyEditions
ISBN 13 : 1464963339
Total Pages : 5108 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (649 download)

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Book Synopsis Issues in Biological and Life Sciences Research: 2011 Edition by :

Download or read book Issues in Biological and Life Sciences Research: 2011 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2012-01-09 with total page 5108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issues in Biological and Life Sciences Research: 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Biological and Life Sciences Research. The editors have built Issues in Biological and Life Sciences Research: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Biological and Life Sciences Research in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in Biological and Life Sciences Research: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Current Controversies in the Biological Sciences

Author : Karen F. Greif
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262262940
Total Pages : 401 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (622 download)

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Book Synopsis Current Controversies in the Biological Sciences by : Karen F. Greif

Download or read book Current Controversies in the Biological Sciences written by Karen F. Greif and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2007-02-23 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, advances in biological science and technology have outpaced policymakers' attempts to deal with them. Current Controversies in the Biological Sciences examines the ways in which the federal government uses scientific information in reaching policy decisions, providing case studies of the interactions between science and government on different biomedical, biological, and environmental issues. These case studies document a broad range of complex issues in science policy—from the Human Genome Project to tobacco regulation—and provide an accessible overview of both the science behind the issues and the policy-making process. The cases illustrate the different ways in which science and politics intersect in policy decisions, as well as the different forms policy itself may take—including not only regulatory action but the lack of regulation. Among the topics examined are public and private research funding, as seen in gene patenting; reluctance to regulate even when a product has been proven unhealthy, as in the case of tobacco; a comparison of U.S. and international policy responses to genetically modified organisms; and the competing interests at play in air pollution policy. Each chapter includes shorter side essays on related topics (for example, essays on issues raised by the SARS epidemic accompany the detailed case study of the public health response to the anthrax-laced mail received in the weeks after 9/11). This clear and readable introduction to controversial issues in the biological sciences will be a valuable resource for students of science policy and bioethics and for professionals in industry, government, and nongovernmental organizations who need background on emerging issues in the biological sciences.

Defense Against Biological Attacks

Author : Sunit K. Singh
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030030539
Total Pages : 332 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Defense Against Biological Attacks by : Sunit K. Singh

Download or read book Defense Against Biological Attacks written by Sunit K. Singh and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-03-30 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first volume of a two-volume set describes general aspects, such as the historical view on the topic, the role of information distribution and preparedness of health-care systems and preparedness in emergency cases. Part two describes and discusseses in detail the pathogens and toxins that are potentially used for biological attacks. As such, the book is a valuable resource for faculties engaged in molecular biology, genetic engineering, neurology, biodefense, biosafety & biosecurity, virology, and infectious disease programs, as well as professional medical research organizations.

Biological Identification

Author : R. Paul Schaudies
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0857099167
Total Pages : 479 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (57 download)

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Book Synopsis Biological Identification by : R. Paul Schaudies

Download or read book Biological Identification written by R. Paul Schaudies and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-05-08 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological Identification provides a detailed review of, and potential future developments in, the technologies available to counter the threats to life and health posed by natural pathogens, toxins, and bioterrorism agents. Biological identification systems must be fast, accurate, reliable, and easy to use. It is also important to employ the most suitable technology in dealing with any particular threat. This book covers the fundamentals of these vital systems and lays out possible advances in the technology. Part one covers the essentials of DNA and RNA sequencing for the identification of pathogens, including next generation sequencing (NGS), polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods, isothermal amplification, and bead array technologies. Part two addresses a variety of approaches to making identification systems portable, tackling the special requirements of smaller, mobile systems in fluid movement, power usage, and sample preparation. Part three focuses on a range of optical methods and their advantages. Finally, part four describes a unique approach to sample preparation and a promising approach to identification using mass spectroscopy. Biological Identification is a useful resource for academics and engineers involved in the microelectronics and sensors industry, and for companies, medical organizations and military bodies looking for biodetection solutions. - Covers DNA sequencing of pathogens, lab-on-chip, and portable systems for biodetection and analysis - Provides an in-depth description of optical systems and explores sample preparation and mass spectrometry-based biological analysis