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Bench Scale Demonstration Of Biological Production Of Ethanol From Coal Synthesis Gas Quarterly Report January 1 1993 March 31 1993
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Book Synopsis Bench-scale Demonstration of Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal Synthesis Gas. Quarterly Report, January 1, 1993--March 31, 1993 by :
Download or read book Bench-scale Demonstration of Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal Synthesis Gas. Quarterly Report, January 1, 1993--March 31, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several batch experiments have been performed in developing the ethanol-producing isolates ER12 and ER18 for ethanol production from synthesis gas. In addition, Clostridium ljungdahlii, strain PETC, has been used in a two-stage continuous stirred tank reactor system. Ethanol concentrations from the CSTR system have reached 12 g/L.
Book Synopsis Bench-scale Demonstration of Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal Synthesis Gas: Quarterly Report, October 1 - December 31, 1993 by :
Download or read book Bench-scale Demonstration of Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal Synthesis Gas: Quarterly Report, October 1 - December 31, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book פרחי קדם written by and published by . This book was released on 1843 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Bench-scale Demonstration of Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal Synthesis Gas. Quarterly Report, April 1, 1993--June 30, 1993 by :
Download or read book Bench-scale Demonstration of Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal Synthesis Gas. Quarterly Report, April 1, 1993--June 30, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three bacteria, Clostridium ljungdahlii and isolates ERI-8 and 0-52, have been utilized in CSTR studies in order to directly compare the performance of the bacteria in continuous culture in converting synthesis gas components to ethanol. C. ljungdahlii is able to produce higher concentrations of ethanol than the other bacteria, largely because medium development with this bacterium has been ongoing for 2--3 years. However, both of the ERI isolates are quite promising for ethanol production and, therefore, will be studied further in the CSTR. A comparison of the energy costs for various ethanol recovery techniques has been made for use in the bench scale system. The techniques considered include direct distillation, extraction with various solvents followed by distillation, air stripping followed by distillation, pervaporation followed by distillation, reverse osmosis and temperature swing extraction. Extraction with a solvent possessing a relatively high distribution coefficient for ethanol and a high separation factor (relative ability to extract ethanol in favor of water), followed by distillation, is the most desirable technology.
Book Synopsis Bench-scale Demonstration of Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal Synthesis Gas. Quarterly Report, January 1, 1994--March 31, 1994 by :
Download or read book Bench-scale Demonstration of Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal Synthesis Gas. Quarterly Report, January 1, 1994--March 31, 1994 written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents results from the solvent selection, fermentation, and product recovery studies performed thus far in the development of a bench scale unit for the production of ethanol from coal-derived synthesis gas. Several additional solvents have been compared for their ability to extract ethanol from aqueous solutions of ethanol in water and fermentation permeate. The solvent 2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol still appears to be the solvent of choice. Liquid-liquid equilibrium data have been collected for ethanol and 2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanol.
Book Synopsis Bench-scale Demonstration of Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal Synthesis Gas. Quarterly Report by :
Download or read book Bench-scale Demonstration of Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal Synthesis Gas. Quarterly Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this report is to present results from culture isolation and selection studies, bench-scale fermentation experiments, and ethanol recovery experiments. Several promising isolates have been obtained in addition to Clostridium ljungdahlii, strain PETC, and are being used in batch and continuous culture comparison studies. C. ljungdahlii is being utilized in two-stage bench-scale reactor studies, aimed at producing ethanol in high concentrations from a stable culture system. Finally, solvent comparison studies have been performed for the economical recovery of ethanol from the fermentation broth.
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 782 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Bench-scale Demonstration of Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal Synthesis Gas. Quarterly Report, September 24, 1992--December 31, 1992 by :
Download or read book Bench-scale Demonstration of Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal Synthesis Gas. Quarterly Report, September 24, 1992--December 31, 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Culture isolation and selection studies are being performed in order to select the best biological system for bench-scale studies in producing ethanol from syngas components. Three isolates have been found which produce more than 2 g/L ethanol from CO and C02/H2 in batch culture. These low concentrations are actually quite promising since Clostridium ljungdahlii, strain PETC, performs well in continuous culture but produces only small concentrations of ethanol in batch culture after several weeks of incubation. Two of the isolates have been utilized in the CSTR, where 90 percent CO conversions have been noted, while producing up to 2 g/L ethanol, in preliminary studies. CSTR studies will continue until steady state is reached. An anaerobic bacterium has been isolated from natural sources that converts the components of synthesis gas (CO, H2, C02) into ethanol. This organism, the only one known at that time to produce ethanol from synthesis gas, has been identified as a new clostridial strain and has been named Clostridium ljungdahlii, strain PETC.
Book Synopsis Bench-scale Demonstration of Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal Synthesis Gas. Topical Report 5, Process Analysis by :
Download or read book Bench-scale Demonstration of Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal Synthesis Gas. Topical Report 5, Process Analysis written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The economics of converting coal to ethanol by a biological process is quite attractive. When processing 1500 tons of coal per day, the plant generates 85 million gallons of ethanol per year. The return on investment for the process is 110 percent and the payout is 0.9 years.
Book Synopsis Bench-scale Demonstration of Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal Synthesis Gas by :
Download or read book Bench-scale Demonstration of Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal Synthesis Gas written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Government Reports Announcements & Index by :
Download or read book Government Reports Announcements & Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Government Reports Annual Index by :
Download or read book Government Reports Annual Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 1220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. [Quarterly Report], December 22, 1990--March 21, 1991 by :
Download or read book Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. [Quarterly Report], December 22, 1990--March 21, 1991 written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Previously studies have shown the importance of both medium composition and concentration and medium pH on ethanol production of Clostridium ljungdahlii in fermenting CO, CO2 and H2 in synthesis gas. Four additional batch experiments involving medium composition and concentration were carried out in modified basal medium without yeast extract at pH 4.0. These experiments indicate that basal medium with only small amounts of B-vitamins can yield significant cell growth while yielding ethanol as the major product. Product ratios as high as 11.0 g ethanol per g acetate were obtained with half strength B-vitamins. Further experiments indicates that Ca-pantothenate may be necessary for the growth of C. ljungdahlii and that growth and ethanol production can occur simultaneously.
Book Synopsis The Economical Production of Alcohol Fuels from Coal-derived Synthesis Gas. Quarterly Technical Progress Report Number 9, October 1, 1993--December 31, 1993 by :
Download or read book The Economical Production of Alcohol Fuels from Coal-derived Synthesis Gas. Quarterly Technical Progress Report Number 9, October 1, 1993--December 31, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Catalysts based on molybdenum are being prepared using four different approaches. These materials have been characterized by IR, XRD and single-crystal studies. Modeling studies are continuing satisfactorily. The overall efficiency of each base case has been calculated and tested as a screening method to select feasible technologies. A methodology to determine the effects and influences of process variable uncertainties on the performance of a design has been developed. Input variables in the model to be considered include the reaction product distribution, the operating temperatures of equipment (e.g., gasifiers, separators, etc.), and the estimates of the thermodynamic model used in the computer aided design simulation of the process. The efficiency of the process can be modeled by calculation of output variables such as the payback period or the energy efficiency of the plant. The result will be a range of expected operating conditions for the process and an indication of which variables̀ uncertainties are most likely to affect process operating conditions. The stream exiting the reactor consists of alcohols, esters and water. The separation block consists of a network of distillation columns which separate the various alcohols and water. The choice and order of separation, operating conditions, degree of separation and amount to be bypassed are the random variables to be optimized by simulated annealing. The value of the above variables controls the mix of the alcohol streams to be used as gasoline additives exiting the network of distillation column. The total profitability is the price obtained by selling the various blended products after accounting for the cost of production of various alcohols.
Book Synopsis Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. [Quarterly Report], September 22, 1990--December 21, 1990 by :
Download or read book Biological Production of Ethanol from Coal. [Quarterly Report], September 22, 1990--December 21, 1990 written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Previous results have shown that the medium pH, the composition of the medium and concentration of medium constituents significantly affect the ratio of ethanol to acetate in the product stream when fermenting CO, CO2 and H2 in synthesis gas to products by Clostridium ljungdahlii. An additional batch study was carried out varying the agitation rate at pH 4, 4.5 and 5.0. It was speculated that increased agitation rates in combination with low pH might result in increased ethanol production while, at the same time, yielding higher cell concentrations which could eventually result in higher ethanol concentrations.
Download or read book Coal Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 880 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Economical Production of Alcohol Fuels from Coal-derived Synthesis Gas. Seventh Quarterly Technical Progress Report, April 1, 1993--June 30, 1993 by :
Download or read book The Economical Production of Alcohol Fuels from Coal-derived Synthesis Gas. Seventh Quarterly Technical Progress Report, April 1, 1993--June 30, 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An analysis of the current base cases has been undertaken to determine if the economic status of the proposed alcohol fuels may benefit from economies of scale. This analysis was based on a literature review which suggested that plants of capacities substantially below 5000 metric tons/day are unlikely to be competitive for the bulk production of alcohols for fuel consumption or chemicals manufacture. The preliminary results of this scale up procedure would indicate that the capacity of the current base cases be increased by a factor of eight. This would yield annual production of 4.1 million metric tons and essentially reduce the plant gate cost by approximately 41 percent in both cases. A facility of this size would be the equivalent of a medium sized oil refinery and would be capable of sustaining local market demands for fuel oxygenates. The actual competitiveness of this product with current oxygenates such as MTBE remains to be determined. The alcohol synthesis loop is being used to evaluate optimization procedures which will eventually be used to optimize the entire process. A more detailed design of the synthesis reactor is required, and a preliminary design of this reactor has been completed.
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