Forces Shaping the U.S. Academic Engineering Research Enterprise

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030905284X
Total Pages : 144 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Forces Shaping the U.S. Academic Engineering Research Enterprise by : National Academy of Engineering

Download or read book Forces Shaping the U.S. Academic Engineering Research Enterprise written by National Academy of Engineering and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1995-08-12 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The way in which academic engineering research is financed and public expectations for the outcomes from such research are changing at an unprecedented rate. The decrease in support of defense-related research, coupled with the realization that many U.S. technological products are no longer competitive in the global market, has sent a shock wave through research universities that train engineers. This book argues for several concrete actions on the part of universities, government, and industry to ensure the flow and relevance of technical talent to meet national social and economic goals, to maintain a position of leadership in the global economy, and to preserve and enhance the nation's engineering knowledge base.

Cycles of Invention and Discovery

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Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674974158
Total Pages : 177 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (749 download)

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Book Synopsis Cycles of Invention and Discovery by : Venkatesh Narayanamurti

Download or read book Cycles of Invention and Discovery written by Venkatesh Narayanamurti and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2016-10-24 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cycles of Invention and Discovery offers an in-depth look at the real-world practice of science and engineering. It shows how the standard categories of “basic” and “applied” have become a hindrance to the organization of the U.S. science and technology enterprise. Tracing the history of these problematic categories, Venkatesh Narayanamurti and Toluwalogo Odumosu document how historical views of policy makers and scientists have led to the construction of science as a pure ideal on the one hand and of engineering as a practical (and inherently less prestigious) activity on the other. Even today, this erroneous but still widespread distinction forces these two endeavors into separate silos, misdirects billions of dollars, and thwarts progress in science and engineering research. The authors contrast this outmoded perspective with the lived experiences of researchers at major research laboratories. Using such Nobel Prize–winning examples as magnetic resonance imaging, the transistor, and the laser, they explore the daily micro-practices of research, showing how distinctions between the search for knowledge and creative problem solving break down when one pays attention to the ways in which pathbreaking research actually happens. By studying key contemporary research institutions, the authors highlight the importance of integrated research practices, contrasting these with models of research in the classic but still-influential report Science the Endless Frontier. Narayanamurti and Odumosu’s new model of the research ecosystem underscores that discovery and invention are often two sides of the same coin that moves innovation forward.

Fundamental Research in Electrical Engineering

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811086729
Total Pages : 1017 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Fundamental Research in Electrical Engineering by : Shahram Montaser Kouhsari

Download or read book Fundamental Research in Electrical Engineering written by Shahram Montaser Kouhsari and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-25 with total page 1017 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents the selected papers of the First International Conference on Fundamental Research in Electrical Engineering, held at Khwarazmi University, Tehran, Iran in July, 2017. The selected papers cover the whole spectrum of the main four fields of Electrical Engineering (Electronic, Telecommunications, Control, and Power Engineering).

Science, Medicine, and Animals

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309101174
Total Pages : 23 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Science, Medicine, and Animals by : National Research Council

Download or read book Science, Medicine, and Animals written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-02-19 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Science, Medicine, and Animals explains the role that animals play in biomedical research and the ways in which scientists, governments, and citizens have tried to balance the experimental use of animals with a concern for all living creatures. An accompanying Teacher's Guide is available to help teachers of middle and high school students use Science, Medicine, and Animals in the classroom. As students examine the issues in Science, Medicine, and Animals, they will gain a greater understanding of the goals of biomedical research and the real-world practice of the scientific method in general. Science, Medicine, and Animals and the Teacher's Guide were written by the Institute for Laboratory Animal Research and published by the National Research Council of the National Academies. The report was reviewed by a committee made up of experts and scholars with diverse perspectives, including members of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Institutes of Health, the Humane Society of the United States, and the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. The Teacher's Guide was reviewed by members of the National Academies' Teacher Associates Network. Science, Medicine, and Animals is recommended by the National Science Teacher's Association NSTA Recommends.

Benchmarking the Competitiveness of the United States in Mechanical Engineering Basic Research

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309179548
Total Pages : 118 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Benchmarking the Competitiveness of the United States in Mechanical Engineering Basic Research by : National Research Council

Download or read book Benchmarking the Competitiveness of the United States in Mechanical Engineering Basic Research written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2008-11-14 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mechanical engineering is critical to the design, manufacture, and operation of small and large mechanical systems throughout the U.S. economy. This book highlights the main findings of a benchmarking exercise to rate the standing of U.S. mechanical engineering basic research relative to other regions or countries. The book includes key factors that influence U.S. performance in mechanical engineering research, and near- and longer-term projections of research leadership. U.S. leadership in mechanical engineering basic research overall will continue to be strong. Contributions of U.S. mechanical engineers to journal articles will increase, but so will the contributions from other growing economies such as China and India. At the same time, the supply of U.S. mechanical engineers is in jeopardy, because of declines in the number of U.S. citizens obtaining advanced degrees and uncertain prospects for continuing to attract foreign students. U.S. funding of mechanical engineering basic research and infrastructure will remain level, with strong leadership in emerging areas.

2008 Department of Defense Research and Engineering

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 48 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis 2008 Department of Defense Research and Engineering by : United States. Office of the Director of Defense Research and Engineering

Download or read book 2008 Department of Defense Research and Engineering written by United States. Office of the Director of Defense Research and Engineering and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Pasteur's Quadrant

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Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
ISBN 13 : 9780815719076
Total Pages : 212 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Pasteur's Quadrant by : Donald E. Stokes

Download or read book Pasteur's Quadrant written by Donald E. Stokes and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2011-03-01 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over fifty years ago, Vannevar Bush released his enormously influential report, Science, the Endless Frontier, which asserted a dichotomy between basic and applied science. This view was at the core of the compact between government and science that led to the golden age of scientific research after World War II—a compact that is currently under severe stress. In this book, Donald Stokes challenges Bush's view and maintains that we can only rebuild the relationship between government and the scientific community when we understand what is wrong with that view. Stokes begins with an analysis of the goals of understanding and use in scientific research. He recasts the widely accepted view of the tension between understanding and use, citing as a model case the fundamental yet use-inspired studies by which Louis Pasteur laid the foundations of microbiology a century ago. Pasteur worked in the era of the "second industrial revolution," when the relationship between basic science and technological change assumed its modern form. Over subsequent decades, technology has been increasingly science-based. But science has been increasingly technology-based--with the choice of problems and the conduct of research often inspired by societal needs. An example is the work of the quantum-effects physicists who are probing the phenomena revealed by the miniaturization of semiconductors from the time of the transistor's discovery after World War II. On this revised, interactive view of science and technology, Stokes builds a convincing case that by recognizing the importance of use-inspired basic research we can frame a new compact between science and government. His conclusions have major implications for both the scientific and policy communities and will be of great interest to those in the broader public who are troubled by the current role of basic science in American democracy.

Basic Research in Engineering

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (362 download)

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Book Synopsis Basic Research in Engineering by : Engineering Societies Commission on Energy

Download or read book Basic Research in Engineering written by Engineering Societies Commission on Energy and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Open Access and the Public Domain in Digital Data and Information for Science

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Author :
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030918214X
Total Pages : 195 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Open Access and the Public Domain in Digital Data and Information for Science by : National Research Council

Download or read book Open Access and the Public Domain in Digital Data and Information for Science written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-06-14 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This symposium, which was held on March 10-11, 2003, at UNESCO headquarters in Paris, brought together policy experts and managers from the government and academic sectors in both developed and developing countries to (1) describe the role, value, and limits that the public domain and open access to digital data and information have in the context of international research; (2) identify and analyze the various legal, economic, and technological pressures on the public domain in digital data and information, and their potential effects on international research; and (3) review the existing and proposed approaches for preserving and promoting the public domain and open access to scientific and technical data and information on a global basis, with particular attention to the needs of developing countries.

Engineering Research

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119624487
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (196 download)

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Book Synopsis Engineering Research by : Herman Tang

Download or read book Engineering Research written by Herman Tang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-12-30 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master the fundamentals of planning, preparing, conducting, and presenting engineering research with this one-stop resource Engineering Research: Design, Methods, and Publication delivers a concise but comprehensive guide on how to properly conceive and execute research projects within an engineering field. Accomplished professional and author Herman Tang covers the foundational and advanced topics necessary to understand engineering research, from conceiving an idea to disseminating the results of the project. Organized in the same order as the most common sequence of activities for an engineering research project, the book is split into three parts and nine chapters. The book begins with a section focused on proposal development and literature review, followed by a description of data and methods that explores quantitative and qualitative experiments and analysis, and ends with a section on project presentation and preparation of scholarly publication. Engineering Research offers readers the opportunity to understand the methodology of the entire process of engineering research in the real word. The author focuses on executable process and principle-guided exercise as opposed to abstract theory. Readers will learn about: An overview of scientific research in engineering, including foundational and fundamental concepts like types of research and considerations of research validity How to develop research proposals and how to search and review the scientific literature How to collect data and select a research method for their quantitative or qualitative experiment and analysis How to prepare, present, and submit their research to audiences and scholarly papers and publications Perfect for advanced undergraduate and engineering students taking research methods courses, Engineering Research also belongs on the bookshelves of engineering and technical professionals who wish to brush up on their knowledge about planning, preparing, conducting, and presenting their own scientific research.

Basic Research in Engineering

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (362 download)

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Book Synopsis Basic Research in Engineering by : Engineering Societies Commission on Energy

Download or read book Basic Research in Engineering written by Engineering Societies Commission on Energy and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Electrospinning

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Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN 13 : 178801491X
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (88 download)

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Book Synopsis Electrospinning by : Erich Kny

Download or read book Electrospinning written by Erich Kny and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2018-08-08 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electrospinning is a technique used to produce nanofibres from a polymer solution using an electrostatic force. The technology is now being used to create materials for a wide variety of uses from tissue engineering and 3D printing to packaging materials and electronic sensors. This new book focusses on the recent developments in their design, process parameters and polymers-selection to enable the commercial applications of electrospinning. The initial chapters introduce the technique and then specific chapters focus on the different application areas showing the various approaches for successful implementation of this fabrication process towards commercialization from basic research and development. The book will be suitable for graduate students, academics and industrial entrepreneurs in materials science, polymer science and chemical engineering as well as those interested in the energy and health applications of the materials.

The Essential Engineer

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Publisher : Vintage
ISBN 13 : 0307473503
Total Pages : 290 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis The Essential Engineer by : Henry Petroski

Download or read book The Essential Engineer written by Henry Petroski and published by Vintage. This book was released on 2011-03-08 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the acclaimed author of The Pencil and To Engineer Is Human, The Essential Engineer is an eye-opening exploration of the ways in which science and engineering must work together to address our world’s most pressing issues, from dealing with climate change and the prevention of natural disasters to the development of efficient automobiles and the search for renewable energy sources. While the scientist may identify problems, it falls to the engineer to solve them. It is the inherent practicality of engineering, which takes into account structural, economic, environmental, and other factors that science often does not consider, that makes engineering vital to answering our most urgent concerns. Henry Petroski takes us inside the research, development, and debates surrounding the most critical challenges of our time, exploring the feasibility of biofuels, the progress of battery-operated cars, and the question of nuclear power. He gives us an in-depth investigation of the various options for renewable energy—among them solar, wind, tidal, and ethanol—explaining the benefits and risks of each. Will windmills soon populate our landscape the way they did in previous centuries? Will synthetic trees, said to be more efficient at absorbing harmful carbon dioxide than real trees, soon dot our prairies? Will we construct a “sunshade” in outer space to protect ourselves from dangerous rays? In many cases, the technology already exists. What’s needed is not so much invention as engineering. Just as the great achievements of centuries past—the steamship, the airplane, the moon landing—once seemed beyond reach, the solutions to the twenty-first century’s problems await only a similar coordination of science and engineering. Eloquently reasoned and written, The Essential Engineer identifies and illuminates these problems—and, above all, sets out a course for putting ideas into action.

Basic Research Methods in Social Science

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 520 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Basic Research Methods in Social Science by : Julian Lincoln Simon

Download or read book Basic Research Methods in Social Science written by Julian Lincoln Simon and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Assessing the Value of Research in the Chemical Sciences

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Author :
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309519764
Total Pages : 138 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (95 download)

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Book Synopsis Assessing the Value of Research in the Chemical Sciences by : Chemical Sciences Roundtable

Download or read book Assessing the Value of Research in the Chemical Sciences written by Chemical Sciences Roundtable and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1998-11-13 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book captures the messages from a workshop that brought together research managers from government, industry, and academia to review and discuss the mechanisms that have been proposed or used to assess the value of chemical research. The workshop focused on the assessment procedures that have been or will be established within the various organizations that carry out or fund research activities, with particular attention to the Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA). The book presents approaches and ideas from leaders in each area that were intended to identify new and useful ways of assessing the value and potential impact of research activities.

Assessment of Department of Defense Basic Research

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309159105
Total Pages : 71 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Assessment of Department of Defense Basic Research by : National Research Council

Download or read book Assessment of Department of Defense Basic Research written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-12-22 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Department of Defense (DOD) supports basic research to advance fundamental knowledge in fields important to national defense. Over the past six years, however, several groups have raised concern about whether the nature of DOD-funded basic research is changing. The concerns include these: Funds are being spent for research that does not fall under DOD's definition of basic research; reporting requirements have become cumbersome and onerous; and basic research is handled differently by the three services. To explore these concerns, the Congress directed DOD to request a study from the National Research Council (NRC) about the nature of basic research now being funded by the Department. Specifically the NRC was to determine if the programs in the DOD basic research portfolio are consistent with the DOD definition of basic research and with the characteristics associated with fundamental research.

Discipline-Based Education Research

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309254140
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Discipline-Based Education Research by : National Research Council

Download or read book Discipline-Based Education Research written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-08-27 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Science Foundation funded a synthesis study on the status, contributions, and future direction of discipline-based education research (DBER) in physics, biological sciences, geosciences, and chemistry. DBER combines knowledge of teaching and learning with deep knowledge of discipline-specific science content. It describes the discipline-specific difficulties learners face and the specialized intellectual and instructional resources that can facilitate student understanding. Discipline-Based Education Research is based on a 30-month study built on two workshops held in 2008 to explore evidence on promising practices in undergraduate science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education. This book asks questions that are essential to advancing DBER and broadening its impact on undergraduate science teaching and learning. The book provides empirical research on undergraduate teaching and learning in the sciences, explores the extent to which this research currently influences undergraduate instruction, and identifies the intellectual and material resources required to further develop DBER. Discipline-Based Education Research provides guidance for future DBER research. In addition, the findings and recommendations of this report may invite, if not assist, post-secondary institutions to increase interest and research activity in DBER and improve its quality and usefulness across all natural science disciples, as well as guide instruction and assessment across natural science courses to improve student learning. The book brings greater focus to issues of student attrition in the natural sciences that are related to the quality of instruction. Discipline-Based Education Research will be of interest to educators, policy makers, researchers, scholars, decision makers in universities, government agencies, curriculum developers, research sponsors, and education advocacy groups.