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Bargaining Theory And Fairness
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Book Synopsis Bargaining theory and fairness by : Arwed Crüger
Download or read book Bargaining theory and fairness written by Arwed Crüger and published by Duncker & Humblot. This book was released on 2015 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two new bargaining games, called "Freedom to Punish (FTP)" and "Right and Choice to Punish (RAP)", are developed, analyzed and tested by means of an experimental implementation. Hypotheses about behavior are developed, discussed and tested. The central hypotheses are aimed at the importance of freedom of choice, on the difference between the FTP game and the RAP game, and on the crowding-out of intrinsic motivation. As might have been expected, fairness plays a role in both games, represented by the frequent appearances of equal splits as well as by the frequent rejections of unfair offers.In addition to that, fairness was crowded out by the new Institution of a veto power decision, confirming the importance of the institutional setting for behavior. Contrary to the few veto power sales in the RAP game, an amazingly high number of receivers refrained from veto power in the FTP game. This significant difference has clearly been attributed to the different information conditions and the existence of a bonus. This bonus can be interpreted in terms of freedom of choice, and exploits a value for the freedom to choose for the first time in experimental economics.
Book Synopsis Fairness in Bargaining and Markets by : Christian Korth
Download or read book Fairness in Bargaining and Markets written by Christian Korth and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-07-25 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on economic bargaining theory. Economic bargaining theory seeks to predict the outcomes of bargaining situations. In such situations, govern ments, ?rms, or individuals share a mutual interest in cooperation; however, they also have con?icting interests regarding the terms of an agreement. A classic ex ample of such a situation is wage bargaining between unions and employers. More commonplace examples also exist. For instance, a discussion between partners on how to spend an evening can be understood as a bargaining situation. Economic bargaining theory explores the relationship between bargaining situ ations and the outcomes of the bargaining. Economists have two primary reasons to show interest in this relationship. The ?rst reason is that many important human interactions, including economic interactions, are bargaining situations. The second reason is that the understanding of these situations may inform the economic theory of markets. The tool utilized in this study is the mathematical theory of games. Predictions for bargaining outcomes are developed by modeling the bargaining situation as a strategic game and using game theoretic equilibrium concepts in order to solve the game. In this approach, the speci?c identi?ed bargaining outcome depends on the assumptions underlying the model. The neoclassical and fundamental assumption is that of rational agents—called economic men—who strive to maximize their utility based on stable preferences.
Book Synopsis Advances in Negotiation Theory by : Carlo Carraro
Download or read book Advances in Negotiation Theory written by Carlo Carraro and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2005 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Bargaining is ubiquitous in real life. It is a major dimension of political and business activities. It appears at the international level, when governments negotiate on matters ranging from economic issues (such as the removal of trade barriers), to global security (such as fighting against terrorism) to environmental and related issues (such as climate change control). What factors determine the outcomes of such negotiations? What strategies can help reach an agreement? How should the parties involved divide the gains from cooperation? With whom will one make alliances? The authors address these questions by focusing on a noncooperative approach to negotiations, which is particularly relevant for the study of international negotiations. By reviewing noncooperative bargaining theory, noncooperative coalition theory, and the theory of fair division, they try to identify the connections among these different facets of the same problem in an attempt to facilitate progress toward a unified framework.
Book Synopsis Advances in Negotiation Theory by : Carlo Carraro
Download or read book Advances in Negotiation Theory written by Carlo Carraro and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bargaining is ubiquitous in real-life. It is a major dimension of political and business activities. It appears at the international level, when governments negotiate on matters ranging from economic issues (such as the removal of trade barriers), to global security (such as fighting against terrorism) to environmental and related issues (e.g. climate change control). What factors determine the outcome of negotiations such as those mentioned above? What strategies can help reach an agreement? How should the parties involved divide the gains from cooperation? With whom will one make alliances? This paper addresses these questions by focusing on a non-cooperative approach to negotiations, which is particularly relevant for the study of international negotiations. By reviewing non-cooperative bargaining theory, non-cooperative coalition theory, and the theory of fair division, this paper will try to identify the connection among these different facets of the same problem in an attempt to facilitate the progress towards a unified framework.
Book Synopsis Advances in Negotiation Theory by : Carlo Carraro
Download or read book Advances in Negotiation Theory written by Carlo Carraro and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bargaining is ubiquitous in real life. It is a major dimension of political and business activities. It appears at the international level, when governments negotiate on matters ranging from economic issues (such as the removal of trade barriers), to global security (such as fighting against terrorism) to environmental and related issues (such as climate change control). What factors determine the outcomes of such negotiations? What strategies can help reach an agreement? How should the parties involved divide the gains from cooperation? With whom will one make alliances? The authors address these questions by focusing on a noncooperative approach to negotiations, which is particularly relevant for the study of international negotiations. By reviewing noncooperative bargaining theory, noncooperative coalition theory, and the theory of fair division, they try to identify the connections among these different facets of the same problem in an attempt to facilitate progress toward a unified framework.
Book Synopsis Fairness Or Gamesmanship in Bargaining? by : K. G. Binmore
Download or read book Fairness Or Gamesmanship in Bargaining? written by K. G. Binmore and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Fairness in Incomplete Information Bargaining by : Daniel Keniston
Download or read book Fairness in Incomplete Information Bargaining written by Daniel Keniston and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper uses detailed data on sequential offers from seven vastly different real-world bargaining settings to document a robust pattern: agents favor offers that split the difference between the two most recent offers on the table. Our settings include negotiations for used cars, insurance injury claims, a TV game show, auto rickshaw rides, housing, international trade tariffs, and online retail. We demonstrate that this pattern can arise in a perfect Bayesian equilibrium of an alternating-offer game with two-sided incomplete information, but this equilibrium is far from unique. We then provide a robust-inference argument to explain why agents may view the two most recent offers as corresponding to the potential surplus. Split-the-difference offers under this weaker, robust inference can then be viewed as fair. We present a number of other patterns in each data setting that point to split-the-difference offers as a strong social norm, whether in high-stakes or low-stakes negotiations.
Book Synopsis Fairness Motivation in Bargaining by : Sigbjørn Birkeland
Download or read book Fairness Motivation in Bargaining written by Sigbjørn Birkeland and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Fairness, Collective Bargaining, and Incomes Policy by : Paul Willman
Download or read book Fairness, Collective Bargaining, and Incomes Policy written by Paul Willman and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1982 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Study of wages fairness, collective bargaining behaviour and incomes policy in the UK - based on case studies (1976 and 1977) of two bargaining units, discusses wage differentials, wage increases, differences in wage determination methods, employees attitudes and the role of the trade unions (AUEW) and shop stewards. Bibliography, graphs, questionnaire and statistical tables.
Book Synopsis Does Game Theory Work? by : K. G. Binmore
Download or read book Does Game Theory Work? written by K. G. Binmore and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This volume brings together all of Ken Binmore's influential experimental papers on bargaining along with newly written commentary in which Binmore discusses the underlying game theory and addresses the criticism leveled at it by behavioral economists."--BOOK JACKET.
Book Synopsis Justice and Fairness in International Negotiation by : Cecilia Albin
Download or read book Justice and Fairness in International Negotiation written by Cecilia Albin and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2001-03-15 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International negotiations have become an increasingly widespread feature of international affairs, as the number of parties involved have grown, and regional and global fora have multiplied. Cecilia Albin examines the role of considerations of justice and fairness in these negotiations. She argues that negotiators do not simply pursue their narrow interests or those of their countries, but regularly take principles of justice and fairness into account. These principles come into play at an early stage, as talks are structured and agendas set; in the bargaining process itself; and in the implementation of and compliance with agreements. The analysis is based on cases in four important areas: the environment; international trade; ethnic conflict (the Israeli-Palestinian conflict); and arms control. Drawing on a mass of empirical data, including a large number of interviews, this book relates the abstract debate over international norms and ethics to the realities of international relations.
Book Synopsis Emotions in bargaining by : Dominik Seidemann
Download or read book Emotions in bargaining written by Dominik Seidemann and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2015-03-31 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master's Thesis from the year 2014 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: 1,7, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, language: English, abstract: Mit der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde die Verknüpfung von bekannten Verhandlungsmodellen der Spieltheorie mit verschiedenen Ansätzen zur Untersuchung des Einflusses von Emotionen auf den Verhandlungsausgang betrachtet. Zu Grunde liegt das Rubinsteinspiel, das im ersten Teil genauer erklärt wird. In der Literaturbetrachtung des zweiten Teils werden verschiedene Artikel zusammengefasst, die in der Motivation geschrieben wurden die tatsächliche Beobachtung von Emotionen in verhandlungstheoretischen Experimenten zu erklären und Modelle (weiter) zu entwickeln, die diesen Beobachtungen Rechnung tragen. Im dritten Teil wird am Beispiel einer spezifischen Verhandlungssituation – dem Verhandeln über den Lohn eines Berufseinsteigers– der Einfluss von Emotionen mit Inspiration aus der Literatur intersucht. Ebenfalls wird ein Modell vorgestellt, das den Ausgang von spezifischen Verhandlungssituationen genauer nachstellen kann. With the present work, the combination of well-known bargaining models of game theory with different approaches to study the influence of emotions on the outcome of negotiations was observed. Basis is the Rubinstein game that is explained in detail in the first part. The second part concludes various items which were written in the motivation to explain the observations of emotions made in actual bargaing-theoretical experiments, and to develop models that take those observations into account. In the third part a specific negotiation situation is exemplary represented- the bargaining over wages of a job applicant- to observe the influence of emotions, inspired by the methods of the literature investigated earlier. Moreover, a model is presented which can calculate the output of specific negotiation situations more accurately.
Book Synopsis The Effects of Fairness and Moral Hazard in Bargaining by : Richard J. Fairchild
Download or read book The Effects of Fairness and Moral Hazard in Bargaining written by Richard J. Fairchild and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We consider the impact of fairness and moral hazard in a principal-agent bargaining model, where the agent can affect the size of the surplus by his actions. Our main results are as follows; a) the offer predicted by the basic fairness model (excluding moral hazard) results in inefficient behaviour by the agent when moral hazard is introduced; b) a moral hazard-eliminating offer exists; c) this offer exceeds the offer predicted by the basic fairness model; d) however, fairness considerations may eliminate the principal's incentives to make this offer.
Book Synopsis Fairness and Transparency in One-to-Many Bargaining Behavior by : Vincent Mak
Download or read book Fairness and Transparency in One-to-Many Bargaining Behavior written by Vincent Mak and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We report an experiment designed to study one-to-many bargaining behavior and how it is influenced by fairness concern and information transparency. We base our setup on a structured alternating-offer bargaining model in which a buyer procures complementary items from two heterogeneous sellers with endogenous choice of the order of bargaining. In addition, we implemented an information transparency manipulation regarding whether the sellers were informed about each other's offers/counteroffers with the buyer. Experimental behavior exhibited deviations from equilibrium predictions that did not differ significantly by information condition, suggesting that sellers were not significantly influenced by direct social comparison between each other. Further analysis suggests that each seller demanded splitting the value of the deal approximately half-half with the buyer as a normative fairness benchmark. The buyers, on the other hand, did not have a demand for fairness that was based on a fairness benchmark.
Book Synopsis Effects of Perceived Fairness, Cultural Paradigms, and Attributions on Bargaining Behavior by : Satoshi Akutso
Download or read book Effects of Perceived Fairness, Cultural Paradigms, and Attributions on Bargaining Behavior written by Satoshi Akutso and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fair Bargains written by Marco Mariotti and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Getting to Yes written by Roger Fisher and published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. This book was released on 1991 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes a method of negotiation that isolates problems, focuses on interests, creates new options, and uses objective criteria to help two parties reach an agreement.
