Balkan Cyberia

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Balkan Cyberia

Author : Victor Petrov
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262373254
Total Pages : 425 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (623 download)

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Book Synopsis Balkan Cyberia by : Victor Petrov

Download or read book Balkan Cyberia written by Victor Petrov and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2023-06-13 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How Bulgaria transformed the computer industry behind the Iron Curtain—and the consequences of that transformation for a society that dreamt of a brighter future. Bulgaria in 1963 was a communist country led by a centralized party trying to navigate a multinational Cold War. The state needed money, and it sought prestige. By cultivating a burgeoning computer industry, Bulgaria achieved both but at great cost to the established order. In Balkan Cyberia, Victor Petrov elevates a deeply researched, local story of ambition into an essential history of global innovation, ideological conflict, and exchange. Granted tremendous freedom by the Politburo and backed by a concerted state secret intelligence effort, a new, privileged class of technical intellectuals and managers rose to prominence in Bulgaria in the 1960s. Plugged in to transnational business and professional networks, they strove to realize the party’s radical dreams of utopian automation, and Bulgaria would come to manufacture up to half of the Eastern Bloc’s electronics. Yet, as Petrov shows, the export-oriented nature of the industry also led to the disruption of party rule. Technicians, now thinking with and through computers, began to recast the dominant intellectual discourse within a framework of reform, while technocratic managers translated their newfound political clout into economic power that served them well before and after the revolutions of 1989. Balkan Cyberia reveals the extension of economic and political networks of influence far past the reputed fall of communism, along with the pivotal role small countries played in geopolitical games at the time. Through the prism of the Bulgarian computer industry, the true nature of the socialist international economy, and indeed the links between capitalism and communism, emerge.

Balkan Cyberia

Author : Victor Petrov
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262545128
Total Pages : 425 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis Balkan Cyberia by : Victor Petrov

Visions of a Digital Nation

Author : Jacob Ward
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262546299
Total Pages : 339 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis Visions of a Digital Nation by : Jacob Ward

Download or read book Visions of a Digital Nation written by Jacob Ward and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2024-02-06 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why the privatization of British Telecom signaled a pivotal moment in the rise of neoliberalism, and how it was shaped by the longer development and digitalization of Britain’s telecommunications infrastructure. When Margaret Thatcher sold British Telecom for £3.6 billion in 1984, it became not only, at the time, the largest stock flotation in history, but also a watershed moment in the rise of neoliberalism and deregulation. In Visions of a Digital Nation, Jacob Ward offers an incisive interdisciplinary perspective on how technology prefigured this pivot. Giving due consideration to the politicians, engineers, and managers who paved the way for this historic moment, Ward illustrates how the decision validated the privatization of public utilities and tied digital technology to free market rationales. In this examination of the national and, at times, global history of technology, Ward’s approach is sweeping. Utilizing infrastructure studies, environmental history, and urban and local history, Ward explores Britain’s nationalist and welfarist plans for a digital information utility and shows how these projects contested and adapted to the “market turn” under Margaret Thatcher. Ultimately, Visions of a Digital Nation compellingly argues that politicians did not impose neoliberalism top-down, but that technology, engineers, and managers shaped these politics from the bottom up.

Socialist Entrepreneurs? Business Histories of the GDR and Yugoslavia

Author : Vladimir Unkovski-Korica
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1040175996
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (41 download)

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Book Synopsis Socialist Entrepreneurs? Business Histories of the GDR and Yugoslavia by : Vladimir Unkovski-Korica

Download or read book Socialist Entrepreneurs? Business Histories of the GDR and Yugoslavia written by Vladimir Unkovski-Korica and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-11-08 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book breaks new ground, taking business history where it has only reluctantly gone in the past. The introduction reviews the small, but growing, literature, based on fresh archival materials, which investigates the history of business organisation in the Global East, or the Second World in the Cold War. It argues that there is already a great variety of approaches that go beyond the view of the Soviet-style firm as primarily a production function. Focusing on East Germany and Yugoslavia, seven chapters showcase new directions in the field, and demonstrate that the combination of business history with other historical and disciplinary approaches can help unpack the diversity of historical experiences, explain geographical variances, and offer new avenues for synthesis. The volume’s exploration of different historical eras, including those of postwar reconstruction, through globalisation, to transformation, also shows that the Global East should not be treated as disconnected from the rest of the world, but as part of wider, global trends. As such, the volume makes a plea for the utility of studying the Global East to business history and the utility of business history to the study of the Global East. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of Business History.

ENIAC in Action

Author : Thomas Haigh
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262033984
Total Pages : 362 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis ENIAC in Action by : Thomas Haigh

Download or read book ENIAC in Action written by Thomas Haigh and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2016-02-05 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work explores the conception, design, construction, use, and afterlife of ENIAC, the first general purpose digital electronic computer.

Your Computer Is on Fire

Author : Thomas S. Mullaney
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 026253973X
Total Pages : 417 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis Your Computer Is on Fire by : Thomas S. Mullaney

Download or read book Your Computer Is on Fire written by Thomas S. Mullaney and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2021-03-09 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technology scholars declare an emergency: attention must be paid to the inequality, marginalization, and biases woven into our technological systems. This book sounds an alarm: we can no longer afford to be lulled into complacency by narratives of techno-utopianism, or even techno-neutrality. We should not be reassured by such soothing generalities as "human error," "virtual reality," or "the cloud." We need to realize that nothing is virtual: everything that "happens online," "virtually," or "autonomously" happens offline first, and often involves human beings whose labor is deliberately kept invisible. Everything is IRL. In Your Computer Is on Fire, technology scholars train a spotlight on the inequality, marginalization, and biases woven into our technological systems.

IBM

Author : James W. Cortada
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262547821
Total Pages : 747 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis IBM by : James W. Cortada

Download or read book IBM written by James W. Cortada and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2023-08-01 with total page 747 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A history of one of the most influential American companies of the last century. For decades, IBM shaped the way the world did business. IBM products were in every large organization, and IBM corporate culture established a management style that was imitated by companies around the globe. It was “Big Blue, ” an icon. And yet over the years, IBM has gone through both failure and success, surviving flatlining revenue and forced reinvention. The company almost went out of business in the early 1990s, then came back strong with new business strategies and an emphasis on artificial intelligence. In this authoritative, monumental history, James Cortada tells the story of one of the most influential American companies of the last century. Cortada, a historian who worked at IBM for many years, describes IBM's technology breakthroughs, including the development of the punch card (used for automatic tabulation in the 1890 census), the calculation and printing of the first Social Security checks in the 1930s, the introduction of the PC to a mass audience in the 1980s, and the company's shift in focus from hardware to software. He discusses IBM's business culture and its orientation toward employees and customers; its global expansion; regulatory and legal issues, including antitrust litigation; and the track records of its CEOs. The secret to IBM's unequalled longevity in the information technology market, Cortada shows, is its capacity to adapt to changing circumstances and technologies.

The Internet Imaginaire

Author : Patrice Flichy
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262562383
Total Pages : 263 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis The Internet Imaginaire by : Patrice Flichy

Download or read book The Internet Imaginaire written by Patrice Flichy and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2008-09-26 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The collective vision that shaped the emergence of the Internet: what led software designers, managers, employees, politicians, and individuals to develop and adopt one particular technology. In The Internet Imaginaire, sociologist Patrice Flichy examines the collective vision that shaped the emergence of the Internet—the social imagination that envisioned a technological utopia in the birth of a new technology. By examining in detail the discourses surrounding the development of the Internet in the United States in the 1990s (and considering them an integral part of that development), Flichy shows how an entire society began a new technological era. The metaphorical "information superhighway" became a technical utopia that informed a technological program. The Internet imaginaire, Flichy argues, led software designers, businesses, politicians, and individuals to adopt this one technology instead of another. Flichy draws on writings by experts—paying particular attention to the gurus of Wired magazine, but also citing articles in Time, Newsweek, and Business Week—from 1991 to 1995. He describes two main domains of the technical imaginaire: the utopias (and ideologies) associated with the development of technical devices; and the depictions of an imaginary digital society. He analyzes the founding myths of cyberculture—the representations of technical systems expressing the dreams and experiments of designers and promoters that developed around information highways, the Internet, Bulletin Board systems, and virtual reality. And he offers a treatise on "the virtual society imaginaire," discussing visionaries from Teilhard de Chardin to William Gibson, the body and the virtual, cyberdemocracy and the end of politics, and the new economy of the immaterial.

The Government Machine

Author : Jon Agar
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262292904
Total Pages : 565 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (622 download)

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Book Synopsis The Government Machine by : Jon Agar

Download or read book The Government Machine written by Jon Agar and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2003-09-26 with total page 565 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An examination of technology and politics in the evolution of the British "government machine." In The Government Machine, Jon Agar traces the mechanization of government work in the United Kingdom from the nineteenth to the early twenty-first century. He argues that this transformation has been tied to the rise of "expert movements," groups whose authority has rested on their expertise. The deployment of machines was an attempt to gain control over state action—a revolutionary move. Agar shows how mechanization followed the popular depiction of government as machine-like, with British civil servants cast as components of a general purpose "government machine"; indeed, he argues that today's general purpose computer is the apotheosis of the civil servant. Over the course of two centuries, government has become the major repository and user of information; the Civil Service itself can be seen as an information-processing entity. Agar argues that the changing capacities of government have depended on the implementation of new technologies, and that the adoption of new technologies has depended on a vision of government and a fundamental model of organization. Thus, to study the history of technology is to study the state, and vice versa.

Modern Austria

Author : Barbara Jelavich
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521316255
Total Pages : 370 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (162 download)

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Book Synopsis Modern Austria by : Barbara Jelavich

Download or read book Modern Austria written by Barbara Jelavich and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1987-09-25 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An overview of the Austria's recent history written for the general reader and the student.

A History of Online Information Services, 1963-1976

Author : Charles P. Bourne
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262261753
Total Pages : 522 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (617 download)

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Book Synopsis A History of Online Information Services, 1963-1976 by : Charles P. Bourne

Download or read book A History of Online Information Services, 1963-1976 written by Charles P. Bourne and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2003-08-01 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A detailed chronology of the early, pre-Internet years of online information systems and services. Every field of history has a basic need for a detailed chronology of what happened: who did what when. In the absence of such a resource, fanciful accounts flourish. This book provides a rich narrative of the early development of online information retrieval systems and services, from 1963 to 1976—a period important to anyone who uses a search engine, online catalog, or large database. Drawing on personal experience, extensive research, and interviews with many of the key participants, the book describes the individuals, projects, and institutions of the period. It also corrects many common errors and misconceptions and provides milestones for many of the significant developments in online systems and technology.

Home Computers

Author : Alex Wiltshire
Publisher : National Geographic Books
ISBN 13 : 0262044013
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis Home Computers by : Alex Wiltshire

Download or read book Home Computers written by Alex Wiltshire and published by National Geographic Books. This book was released on 2020-05-19 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A celebration of the early years of the digital revolution, when computing power was deployed in a beige box on your desk. Today, people carry powerful computers in our pockets and call them “phones.” A generation ago, people were amazed that the processing power of a mainframe computer could be contained in a beige box on a desk. This book is a celebration of those early home computers, with specially commissioned new photographs of 100 vintage computers and a generous selection of print advertising, product packaging, and instruction manuals. Readers can recapture the glory days of fondly remembered (or happily forgotten) machines including the Commodore 64, TRS-80, Apple Lisa, and Mattel Aquarius—traces of the techno-utopianism of the not-so-distant past. Home Computers showcases mass-market success stories, rarities, prototypes, one-offs, and never-before-seen specimens. The heart of the book is a series of artful photographs that capture idiosyncratic details of switches and plugs, early user-interface designs, logos, and labels. After a general scene-setting retrospective, the book proceeds computer by computer, with images of each device accompanied by a short history of the machine, its inventors, its innovations, and its influence. Readers who inhabit today's always-on, networked, inescapably connected world will be charmed by this visit to an era when the digital revolution could be powered down every evening.

Adriatic

Author : Robert D. Kaplan
Publisher : Random House
ISBN 13 : 0399591060
Total Pages : 369 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (995 download)

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Book Synopsis Adriatic by : Robert D. Kaplan

Download or read book Adriatic written by Robert D. Kaplan and published by Random House. This book was released on 2022-04-12 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “[An] elegantly layered exploration of Europe’s past and future . . . a multifaceted masterpiece.”—The Wall Street Journal “A lovely, personal journey around the Adriatic, in which Robert Kaplan revisits places and peoples he first encountered decades ago.”—Peter Frankopan, author of The Silk Roads ONE OF THE BEST BOOKS OF THE YEAR: The New Yorker In this insightful travelogue, Robert D. Kaplan, geopolitical expert and bestselling author of Balkan Ghosts and The Revenge of Geography, turns his perceptive eye to a region that for centuries has been a meeting point of cultures, trade, and ideas. He undertakes a journey around the Adriatic Sea, through Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Montenegro, Albania, and Greece, to reveal that far more is happening in the region than most news stories let on. Often overlooked, the Adriatic is in fact at the center of the most significant challenges of our time, including the rise of populist politics, the refugee crisis, and battles over the control of energy resources. And it is once again becoming a global trading hub that will determine Europe’s relationship with the rest of the world as China and Russia compete for dominance in its ports. Kaplan explores how the region has changed over his three decades of observing it as a journalist. He finds that to understand both the historical and contemporary Adriatic is to gain a window on the future of Europe as a whole, and he unearths a stark truth: The era of populism is an epiphenomenon—a symptom of the age of nationalism coming to an end. Instead, the continent is returning to alignments of the early modern era as distinctions between East and West meet and break down within the Adriatic countries and ultimately throughout Europe. With a brilliant cross-pollination of history, literature, art, architecture, and current events, in Adriatic, Kaplan demonstrates that this unique region that exists at the intersection of civilizations holds revelatory truths for the future of global affairs.

Online Communication

Author : Andrew F. Wood
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135616027
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (356 download)

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Book Synopsis Online Communication by : Andrew F. Wood

Download or read book Online Communication written by Andrew F. Wood and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004-09-22 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Online Communication provides an introduction to both the technologies of the Internet Age and their social implications. This innovative and timely textbook brings together current work in communication, political science, philosophy, popular culture, history, economics, and the humanities to present an examination of the theoretical and critical issues in the study of computer-mediated communication. Continuing the model of the best-selling first edition, authors Andrew F. Wood and Matthew J. Smith introduce computer-mediated communication (CMC) as a subject of academic research as well as a lens through which to examine contemporary trends in society. This second edition of Online Communication covers online identity, mediated relationships, virtual communities, electronic commerce, the digital divide, spaces of resistance, and other topics related to CMC. The text also examines how the Internet has affected contemporary culture and presents the critiques being made to those changes. Special features of the text include: *Hyperlinks--presenting greater detail on topics from the chapter *Ethical Ethical Inquiry--posing questions on the nature of human communication and conduct online *Online Communication and the Law--examining the legal ramifications of CMC issues Advanced undergraduates, graduate students, and researchers interested in the field of computer-mediated communication, as well as those studying issues of technology and culture, will find Online Communication to be an insightful resource for studying the role of technology and mediated communication in today's society.

Combating Terrorism

Author : Shruti Pandalai
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789386618818
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (188 download)

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Book Synopsis Combating Terrorism by : Shruti Pandalai

Download or read book Combating Terrorism written by Shruti Pandalai and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Hacking Cyberspace

Author : David J. Gunkel
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429979711
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (299 download)

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Book Synopsis Hacking Cyberspace by : David J. Gunkel

Download or read book Hacking Cyberspace written by David J. Gunkel and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-02-19 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Hacking Cyberspace David J. Gunkel examines the metaphors applied to new technologies, and how those metaphors inform, shape, and drive the implementation of the technology in question. The author explores the metaphorical tropes that have been employed to describe and evaluate recent advances in computer technology, telecommunications systems, and interactive media. Taking the stance that no speech is value-neutral, Gunkel examines such metaphors as "the information superhighway" and "the electronic frontier" for their political and social content, and he develops a critical investigation that not only traces the metaphors' conceptual history, but explicates their implications and consequences for technological development. Through Hacking Cyberspace, David J. Gunkel develops a sophisticated understanding of new technology that takes into account the effect of technoculture's own discursive techniques and maneuvers on the actual form of technological development.

Rethinking Geopolitics

Author : Simon Dalby
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134692137
Total Pages : 346 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (346 download)

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Book Synopsis Rethinking Geopolitics by : Simon Dalby

Download or read book Rethinking Geopolitics written by Simon Dalby and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2002-01-22 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rethinking Geopolitics argues that the concept of geopolitics needs to be conceptualised anew as the twenty-first century approaches. Challenging conventional geopolitical assumptions, contributors explore: * theories of post-modern geopolitics * historical formulations of states and cold wars * the geopolitics of the Holocaust * the gendered dimension of Kurdish insurgency * the cold war world * political cartoons concerning Bosnia * Time magazine representations of the Persian Gulf * the Zapatistas and the Chiapas revolt * the new cyber politics * conflict simulations in the US military * the emergence of a new geopolitics of global security. Exploring how popular cultural assumptions about geography and politics constitute the discourses of contemporary violence and political economy, Rethinking Geopolitics shows that we must rethink the struggle for knowledge, space and power.