Automobile Pollution Control In Brazil

Download Automobile Pollution Control In Brazil full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Automobile Pollution Control In Brazil ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!

Automobile Pollution Control in Brazil

Author : Claudio Ferraz
Publisher : IIED
ISBN 13 : 1843693070
Total Pages : 29 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (436 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Automobile Pollution Control in Brazil by : Claudio Ferraz

Download or read book Automobile Pollution Control in Brazil written by Claudio Ferraz and published by IIED. This book was released on 2013 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Air pollution concentrations have been rapidly increasing in the major urban areas of Brazil caused mainly by the increasing use of vehicles. In the presence of this negative externality, environmental regulation is required. Car emission control policies in Brazil have relied basically on mandatory emission standards and subsidies for specific cleaner technology resulting in substantial decrease of car emission rates. Nevertheless, car sale taxes, differentiated by vehicles' size and fuel, have also influenced car emission patterns. This paper analyzes the compliance trend of the Brazilian fleet with environmental standards between 1992 and 1997. We find that larger automobiles had the fastest compliance schedule while popular models adjusted very slowly. Also gasoline-fueled models had a faster adjustment pattern than ethanol cars. Additionally, we analyze the current relationship between pollution emissions and car characteristics in order to orient policy formulation. We find a positive relationship between emissions rates and horse power, concluding that although the current value added-sale car tax is not environmental harmful, a tax differentiating clean from dirty models, within each tax bracket, could create substantial incentives for emission control in the future.

Automobile Pollution Control in Brazil

Author : Claudio A. Ferraz do Amaral
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (119 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Automobile Pollution Control in Brazil by : Claudio A. Ferraz do Amaral

Download or read book Automobile Pollution Control in Brazil written by Claudio A. Ferraz do Amaral and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Air pollution concentrations have been rapidly increasing in the major urban areas of Brazil caused mainly by the increasing use of vehicles. In the presence of this negative externality, environmental regulation is required. Car emission control policies in Brazil have relied basically on mandatory emission standards and subsidies for specific cleaner technology resulting in substantial decrease of car emission rates. Nevertheless, car sale taxes, differentiated by vehicles' size and fuel, have also influenced car emission patterns. This paper analyzes the compliance trend of the Brazilian fleet with environmental standards between 1992 and 1997. We find that larger automobiles had the fastest compliance schedule while popular models adjusted very slowly. Also gasoline-fueled models had a faster adjustment pattern than ethanol cars. Additionally, we analyze the current relationship between pollution emissions and car characteristics in order to orient policy formulation. We find a positive relationship between emissions rates and horse power, concluding that although the current value added-sale car tax is not environmental harmful, a tax differentiating clean from dirty models, within each tax bracket, could create substantial incentives for emission control in the future.

Measuring the Effects of Environmental Regulation in Oligopolistic Markets with Differentiated Products

Author : Claudio Ferraz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Measuring the Effects of Environmental Regulation in Oligopolistic Markets with Differentiated Products by : Claudio Ferraz

Download or read book Measuring the Effects of Environmental Regulation in Oligopolistic Markets with Differentiated Products written by Claudio Ferraz and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pollution emissions from mobile sources have increased considerably over the past years in many Brazilian cities generating substantial health problems. As a response, automobile pollution environmental standards were implemented in 1988 and considerable emission reductions were attained. Nevertheless, substantial differences in emission still remained among car models in 1997, suggesting the need for further regulation. This paper simulated the effects of a new environmental standard on the automobile market. Using a discrete-choice model of demand and disaggregate data on the Brazilian car market from 1993 to 1997, we estimate own and cross-price elasticities for each car model. This estimation is undertaken using a nested-logit model considering the choice between car classes and nationality. An oligopoly framework with differentiated products is used in the supply side in order to estimate unobserved marginal costs. Further, a hedonic-cost function relating marginal cost to characteristics and emissions is estimated. Based on the results obtained and the 1997 emission data, we undertake a counterfactual simulation of a new pollution standard for hydrocarbons vehicle emissions. The results indicate that imposing a new standard of 0.15 gram per kilometer for all automobiles, given the existent technology, would generate an average increase in prices of 13% and a reduction in total sales of 31%. This would generate a reduction in total HC emissions, by kilometer driven, of 39% with a tax revenue loss of a 16%. The paper concludes that although substantial emission reductions could be induced by a tighter standard, incentives for innovations on low-cost emission control devices and the welfare effects of such a policy deserve further analysis.

Travel Mode Substitution in São Paulo

Author : Joffre Dan Swait
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 50 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Travel Mode Substitution in São Paulo by : Joffre Dan Swait

Download or read book Travel Mode Substitution in São Paulo written by Joffre Dan Swait and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1995 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Automotive Emissions

Author : Alfred Szwarc
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 11 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (459 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Automotive Emissions by : Alfred Szwarc

Download or read book Automotive Emissions written by Alfred Szwarc and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Vehicular Air Pollution

Author : Bekir Onursal
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 9780821340165
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (41 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Vehicular Air Pollution by : Bekir Onursal

Download or read book Vehicular Air Pollution written by Bekir Onursal and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much is expected of private financing to help meet the infrastructure requirements of the rapidly growing East Asian economies. Although private financing grew briskly during the 1990s, it represents only a small share of all infrastructure investment in the region (between 12 and 18 percent). This monograph draws on experience in a number of countries in East Asia, as well as Australia, Chile, and India, to analyze the impediments to and prospects for private financing of infrastructure. The chapters discuss the choices available to policymakers and the strategies that governments have followed. An overview chapter describes recent trends in international financing of infrastructure projects in the region, discusses the key policy and institutional impediments to greater private participation, and assesses the role of domestic capital markets and finance. It also outlines a national and regional strategy for stimulating private investment in infrastructure. The case studies from countries outside East Asia illustrate the payoffs of increased integration and concerted moves toward private provision of infrastructure.

Brazil Managing Environmental Pollution in the State of Rio de Janeiro: Technical report

Author : World Bank. Latin America and the Caribbean, Country Dept. I. Natural Resources and Rural Poverty Division
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 162 pages
Book Rating : 4.A/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Brazil Managing Environmental Pollution in the State of Rio de Janeiro: Technical report by : World Bank. Latin America and the Caribbean, Country Dept. I. Natural Resources and Rural Poverty Division

Download or read book Brazil Managing Environmental Pollution in the State of Rio de Janeiro: Technical report written by World Bank. Latin America and the Caribbean, Country Dept. I. Natural Resources and Rural Poverty Division and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Automotive Air Pollution

Author :
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 131 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Automotive Air Pollution by :

Download or read book Automotive Air Pollution written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1990 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Automotive air pollution will intensify with increasing urbanization and the rapid pace of motorization in developing countries. Without effective measures to curb air pollution, some 300-400 million city dwellers in developing countries will become exposed to unhealthy and dangerous levels of air pollution by the end of the century. Administratively simple policies that encourage clean fuels and better traffic management are the most promising approach to controlling vehicle pollutant emissions in developing countries.

Autombile Pollution Control in Brazil

Author : Claudio Ferraz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (593 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Autombile Pollution Control in Brazil by : Claudio Ferraz

Download or read book Autombile Pollution Control in Brazil written by Claudio Ferraz and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Pollution Control in Brazil

Author : Roger W. Findley
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 68 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (272 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Pollution Control in Brazil by : Roger W. Findley

Download or read book Pollution Control in Brazil written by Roger W. Findley and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Automotive Use of Alcohol in Brazil and Air Pollution Related Aspects

Author : Alfred Szwarc
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 7 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (452 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Automotive Use of Alcohol in Brazil and Air Pollution Related Aspects by : Alfred Szwarc

Download or read book Automotive Use of Alcohol in Brazil and Air Pollution Related Aspects written by Alfred Szwarc and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Principles and Practice of X-Ray Spectrometric Analysis

Author : E.P. Bertin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461344166
Total Pages : 1098 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (613 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Principles and Practice of X-Ray Spectrometric Analysis by : E.P. Bertin

Download or read book Principles and Practice of X-Ray Spectrometric Analysis written by E.P. Bertin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 1098 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the first edition of this book was published early in 1970, three major developments have occurred in the field of x-ray spectrochemical analysis. First, wavelength-dispersive spectrometry, in 1970 already securely established among instrumental analytical methods, has matured. Highly sophisticated, miniaturized, modular, solid-state circuitry has replaced elec tron-tube circuitry in the readout system. Computers are now widely used to program and control fully automated spectrometers and to store, process, and compute analytical concentrations directly and immediately from ac cumulated count data. Matrix effects have largely yielded to mathematical treatment. The problems associated with the ultralong-wavelength region have been largely surmounted. Indirect (association) methods have extended the applicability of x-ray spectrometry to the entire periodic table and even to certain classes of compounds. Modern commercial, computerized, auto matic, simultaneous x-ray spectrometers can index up to 60 specimens in turn into the measurement position and for each collect count data for up to 30 elements and read out the analytical results in 1--4 min-all corrected for absorption-enhancement and particle-size or surface-texture effects and wholly unattended. Sample preparation has long been the time-limiting step in x-ray spectrochemical analysis. Second, energy-dispersive spectrometry, in 1970 only beginning to assume its place among instrumental analytical methods, has undergone phenomenal development and application and, some believe, may supplant wavelength spectrometry for most applications in the foreseeable future.

Environmental Information

Author : A. da S. Vieira
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (599 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Environmental Information by : A. da S. Vieira

Download or read book Environmental Information written by A. da S. Vieira and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Report to Paulo Nogueira Neto, Secretario Do Meio Ambiente Ministerio Do Interior, Brasilia, D.F. Brazil, on Issues Related to Control of Emissions from Automobiles in Brazil

Download Report to Paulo Nogueira Neto, Secretario Do Meio Ambiente Ministerio Do Interior, Brasilia, D.F. Brazil, on Issues Related to Control of Emissions from Automobiles in Brazil PDF Online Free

Author : Eric O. Stork
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 164 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (426 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Report to Paulo Nogueira Neto, Secretario Do Meio Ambiente Ministerio Do Interior, Brasilia, D.F. Brazil, on Issues Related to Control of Emissions from Automobiles in Brazil by : Eric O. Stork

Download or read book Report to Paulo Nogueira Neto, Secretario Do Meio Ambiente Ministerio Do Interior, Brasilia, D.F. Brazil, on Issues Related to Control of Emissions from Automobiles in Brazil written by Eric O. Stork and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Biofuels

Author : Krzysztof Biernat
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 9535121774
Total Pages : 584 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (351 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Biofuels by : Krzysztof Biernat

Download or read book Biofuels written by Krzysztof Biernat and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2015-09-30 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The edited volume presents the progress of first and second generation biofuel production technology in selected countries. Possibility of producing alternative fuels containing biocomponents and selected research methods of biofuels exploitation characteristics (also aviation fuels) was characterized. The book shows also some aspects of the environmental impact of the production and biofuels using, and describes perspectives of biofuel production technology development. It provides the review of biorefinery processes with a particular focus on pretreatment methods of selected primary and secondary raw materials. The discussion includes also a possibility of sustainable development of presented advanced biorefinery processes.

Green Economy in the Transport Sector

Author : John Ogony Odiyo
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030861783
Total Pages : 138 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Green Economy in the Transport Sector by : John Ogony Odiyo

Download or read book Green Economy in the Transport Sector written by John Ogony Odiyo and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-12-08 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book is interdisciplinary and provides cross-sectoral and multi-dimensional exploration of sustainable development and transportation in South Africa. Drawing on work from different disciplines, the book contributes not only to academia but also seeks to inform urban and regional policy with the view of contributing to the national aspirations of South Africa as espoused in the National Development Plan (NDP), 2030, National Spatial Development Framework (NSDF) Draft (2019), National Climate Change Adaptation Strategy (NCASS) Draft (2019), Green Transport Strategy for South Africa (2018–2050), and National Transportation Plan (NATMAP), 2050. Adopting a multi-dimensional assessment, the book provides a background for co-production concerning climate change, sustainable development, and transportation in the Global South. The book contributes in its analysis of the institutional and legislative framework that relates to the climate change, skills and knowledge transfer, sustainable development, and transportation in South Africa, as these are responsible for the evolution of the green economy and transport sector in the country. The connections among different sectors and issues such as environment, transport modes, technology innovation, vehicle management and emission control, skills and knowledge transfer, legislative and policy framework, and the wider objectives of the sustainable development goals (SDGs), especially goals 11 to 13. The success stories relating to climate change, sustainable development, and transportation in South Africa are identified together with the best possible practices that may inform better environmental, urban and regional planning, policy, practice, and management.

Air Pollution from Motor Vehicles

Author : Asif Faiz
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 9780821334447
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (344 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Air Pollution from Motor Vehicles by : Asif Faiz

Download or read book Air Pollution from Motor Vehicles written by Asif Faiz and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1996-01-01 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contributions by Surhid Gautam and Lit-Mian Chan. This book presents a state-of-the art review of vehicle emission standards and regulations and provides a synthesis of worldwide experience with vehicle emission control technologies and their applications in both industrial and developing countries. Topics covered include: * The two principal international systems of vehicle emission standards: those of North America and Europe * Test procedures used to verify compliance with emissions standards and to estimate actual emissions * Engine and aftertreatment technologies that have been developed to enable new vehicles to comply with emission standards, as well as the cost and other impacts of these technologies * An evaluation of measures for controlling emissions from in-use vehicles * The role of fuels in reducing vehicle emissions, the benefits that could be gained by reformulating conventional gasoline and diesel fuels, the potential benefits of alternative cleaner fuels, and the prospects for using hydrogen and electric power to run motor vehicles with ultra-low or zero emissions. This book is the first in a series of publications on vehicle-related pollution and control measures prepared by the World Bank in collaboration with the United Nations Environment Programme to underpin the Bank's overall objective of promoting transport that is environmentally sustainable and least damaging to human health and welfare.