Automation In The Soviet Union

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How Not to Network a Nation

Author : Benjamin Peters
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262034182
Total Pages : 313 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis How Not to Network a Nation by : Benjamin Peters

Download or read book How Not to Network a Nation written by Benjamin Peters and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2016-03-25 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How, despite thirty years of effort, Soviet attempts to build a national computer network were undone by socialists who seemed to behave like capitalists. Between 1959 and 1989, Soviet scientists and officials made numerous attempts to network their nation—to construct a nationwide computer network. None of these attempts succeeded, and the enterprise had been abandoned by the time the Soviet Union fell apart. Meanwhile, ARPANET, the American precursor to the Internet, went online in 1969. Why did the Soviet network, with top-level scientists and patriotic incentives, fail while the American network succeeded? In How Not to Network a Nation, Benjamin Peters reverses the usual cold war dualities and argues that the American ARPANET took shape thanks to well-managed state subsidies and collaborative research environments and the Soviet network projects stumbled because of unregulated competition among self-interested institutions, bureaucrats, and others. The capitalists behaved like socialists while the socialists behaved like capitalists. After examining the midcentury rise of cybernetics, the science of self-governing systems, and the emergence in the Soviet Union of economic cybernetics, Peters complicates this uneasy role reversal while chronicling the various Soviet attempts to build a “unified information network.” Drawing on previously unknown archival and historical materials, he focuses on the final, and most ambitious of these projects, the All-State Automated System of Management (OGAS), and its principal promoter, Viktor M. Glushkov. Peters describes the rise and fall of OGAS—its theoretical and practical reach, its vision of a national economy managed by network, the bureaucratic obstacles it encountered, and the institutional stalemate that killed it. Finally, he considers the implications of the Soviet experience for today's networked world.

Soviet Union

Author : Theodore E. Kyriak
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 420 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (243 download)

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Book Synopsis Soviet Union by : Theodore E. Kyriak

Download or read book Soviet Union written by Theodore E. Kyriak and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Soviet Union

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 580 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (891 download)

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Book Synopsis Soviet Union by :

Download or read book Soviet Union written by and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

From Newspeak to Cyberspeak

Author : Slava Gerovitch
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262572255
Total Pages : 386 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (722 download)

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Book Synopsis From Newspeak to Cyberspeak by : Slava Gerovitch

Download or read book From Newspeak to Cyberspeak written by Slava Gerovitch and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2004-09-17 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, Slava Gerovitch argues that Soviet cybernetics was not just an intellectual trend but a social movement for radical reform in science and society as a whole. Followers of cybernetics viewed computer simulation as a universal method of problem solving and the language of cybernetics as a language of objectivity and truth. With this new objectivity, they challenged the existing order of things in economics and politics as well as in science. The history of Soviet cybernetics followed a curious arc. In the 1950s it was labeled a reactionary pseudoscience and a weapon of imperialist ideology. With the arrival of Khrushchev's political "thaw," however, it was seen as an innocent victim of political oppression, and it evolved into a movement for radical reform of the Stalinist system of science. In the early 1960s it was hailed as "science in the service of communism," but by the end of the decade it had turned into a shallow fashionable trend. Using extensive new archival materials, Gerovitch argues that these fluctuating attitudes reflected profound changes in scientific language and research methodology across disciplines, in power relations within the scientific community, and in the political role of scientists and engineers in Soviet society. His detailed analysis of scientific discourse shows how the Newspeak of the late Stalinist period and the Cyberspeak that challenged it eventually blended into "CyberNewspeak."

USSR.

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 414 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (25 download)

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Book Synopsis USSR. by :

Download or read book USSR. written by and published by . This book was released on 1961-07 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Soviet Automation

Author : Jack Baranson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 168 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Soviet Automation by : Jack Baranson

Download or read book Soviet Automation written by Jack Baranson and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

At the Abyss

Author : Thomas Reed
Publisher : Presidio Press
ISBN 13 : 0307414620
Total Pages : 386 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis At the Abyss by : Thomas Reed

Download or read book At the Abyss written by Thomas Reed and published by Presidio Press. This book was released on 2007-12-18 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “The Cold War . . . was a fight to the death,” notes Thomas C. Reed, “fought with bayonets, napalm, and high-tech weaponry of every sort—save one. It was not fought with nuclear weapons.” With global powers now engaged in cataclysmic encounters, there is no more important time for this essential, epic account of the past half century, the tense years when the world trembled At the Abyss. Written by an author who rose from military officer to administration insider, this is a vivid, unvarnished view of America’s fight against Communism, from the end of WWII to the closing of the Strategic Air Command, a work as full of human interest as history, rich characters as bloody conflict. Among the unforgettable figures who devised weaponry, dictated policy, or deviously spied and subverted: Whittaker Chambers—the translator whose book, Witness, started the hunt for bigger game: Communists in our government; Lavrenti Beria—the head of the Soviet nuclear weapons program who apparently killed Joseph Stalin; Col. Ed Hall—the leader of America’s advanced missile system, whose own brother was a Soviet spy; Adm. James Stockwell—the prisoner of war and eventual vice presidential candidate who kept his terrible secret from the Vietnamese for eight long years; Nancy Reagan—the “Queen of Hearts,” who was both loving wife and instigator of palace intrigue in her husband’s White House. From Eisenhower’s decision to beat the Russians at their own game, to the “Missile Gap” of the Kennedy Era, to Reagan’s vow to “lean on the Soviets until they go broke”—all the pivotal events of the period are portrayed in new and stunning detail with information only someone on the front lines and in backrooms could know. Yet At the Abyss is more than a riveting and comprehensive recounting. It is a cautionary tale for our time, a revelation of how, “those years . . . came to be known as the Cold War, not World War III.”

The Soviet Union’s Invisible Weapons of Mass Destruction

Author : Anthony Rimmington
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030828824
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis The Soviet Union’s Invisible Weapons of Mass Destruction by : Anthony Rimmington

Download or read book The Soviet Union’s Invisible Weapons of Mass Destruction written by Anthony Rimmington and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-10-12 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on Biopreparat, the Soviet agency created in 1974, which spearheaded the largest and most sophisticated biological warfare programme the world has ever seen. At its height, Biopreparat employed more than 30,000 personnel and incorporated an enormous network embracing military-focused research institutes, design centres, biowarfare pilot facilities and dual-use production plants. The secret network pursued major offensive R&D programmes, which sought to use genetic engineering techniques to create microbial strains resistant to antibiotics and with wholly new and unexpected pathogenic properties. During the mid-1980s, Biopreparat increased in size and political importance and also emerged as a major civil biopharmaceutical player in the USSR. In the wake of the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, an acute struggle for control of Biopreparat’s most valuable assets took place and the network was eventually broken-up and control of its facilities transferred to a myriad of state agencies and private companies.

International Developments: A Bibliography-index to U.S. JPRS Translations

Author : United States. Joint Publications Research Service
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis International Developments: A Bibliography-index to U.S. JPRS Translations by : United States. Joint Publications Research Service

Download or read book International Developments: A Bibliography-index to U.S. JPRS Translations written by United States. Joint Publications Research Service and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Signals

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 896 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Signals by :

Download or read book Signals written by and published by . This book was released on 1957 with total page 896 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

China & Asia (exclusive of Near East)

Author : United States. Joint Publications Research Service
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 598 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (243 download)

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Book Synopsis China & Asia (exclusive of Near East) by : United States. Joint Publications Research Service

Download or read book China & Asia (exclusive of Near East) written by United States. Joint Publications Research Service and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Fully Automated Luxury Communism

Author : Aaron Bastani
Publisher : Verso Books
ISBN 13 : 1786632640
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (866 download)

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Book Synopsis Fully Automated Luxury Communism by : Aaron Bastani

Download or read book Fully Automated Luxury Communism written by Aaron Bastani and published by Verso Books. This book was released on 2019-06-11 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first decade of the twenty-first century marked the demise of the current world order. Despite widespread acknowledgement of these disruptive crises, the proposed response from the mainstream remains the same. Against the confines of this increasingly limited politics, a new paradigm has emerged. Fully Automated Luxury Communism claims that new technologies will liberate us from work, providing the opportunity to build a society beyond both capitalism and scarcity. Automation, rather than undermining an economy built on full employment, is instead the path to a world of liberty, luxury and happiness. For everyone. In his first book, radical political commentator Aaron Bastani conjures a new politics: a vision of a world of unimaginable hope, highlighting how we move to energy abundance, feed a world of nine billion, overcome work, transcend the limits of biology and build meaningful freedom for everyone. Rather than a final destination, such a society heralds the beginning of history. Fully Automated Luxury Communism promises a radically new left future for everyone.

Export of Strategic Materials to the U.S.S.R. and Other Soviet Bloc Countries

Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 520 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Export of Strategic Materials to the U.S.S.R. and Other Soviet Bloc Countries by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary

Download or read book Export of Strategic Materials to the U.S.S.R. and Other Soviet Bloc Countries written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Mathematical Optimization Techniques

Author : Richard Bellman
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520319877
Total Pages : 362 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (23 download)

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Book Synopsis Mathematical Optimization Techniques by : Richard Bellman

Download or read book Mathematical Optimization Techniques written by Richard Bellman and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2024-03-29 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1963.

Soviet Space Mythologies

Author : Slava Gerovitch
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Press
ISBN 13 : 0822980967
Total Pages : 355 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (229 download)

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Book Synopsis Soviet Space Mythologies by : Slava Gerovitch

Download or read book Soviet Space Mythologies written by Slava Gerovitch and published by University of Pittsburgh Press. This book was released on 2015-06-18 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the start, the Soviet human space program had an identity crisis. Were cosmonauts heroic pilots steering their craft through the dangers of space, or were they mere passengers riding safely aboard fully automated machines? Tensions between Soviet cosmonauts and space engineers were reflected not only in the internal development of the space program but also in Soviet propaganda that wavered between praising daring heroes and flawless technologies. Soviet Space Mythologies explores the history of the Soviet human space program within a political and cultural context, giving particular attention to the two professional groups—space engineers and cosmonauts—who secretly built and publicly represented the program. Drawing on recent scholarship on memory and identity formation, this book shows how both the myths of Soviet official history and privately circulating counter-myths have served as instruments of collective memory and professional identity. These practices shaped the evolving cultural image of the space age in popular Soviet imagination. Soviet Space Mythologies provides a valuable resource for scholars and students of space history, history of technology, and Soviet (and post-Soviet) history.

East Europe (Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, Rumania, Yugoslavia)

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (243 download)

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Book Synopsis East Europe (Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, Rumania, Yugoslavia) by :

Download or read book East Europe (Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, Rumania, Yugoslavia) written by and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Automation and the Future of Work

Author : Aaron Benanav
Publisher : Verso Books
ISBN 13 : 1839761326
Total Pages : 161 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (397 download)

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Book Synopsis Automation and the Future of Work by : Aaron Benanav

Download or read book Automation and the Future of Work written by Aaron Benanav and published by Verso Books. This book was released on 2022-04-19 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A consensus-shattering account of automation technologies and their effect on workplaces and the labor market In this consensus-shattering account of automation technologies, Aaron Benanav investigates the economic trends that will shape our working lives far into the future. Silicon Valley titans, politicians, techno-futurists, and social critics have united in arguing that we are on the cusp of an era of rapid technological automation, heralding the end of work as we know it. But does the muchdiscussed “rise of the robots” really explain the long-term decline in the demand for labor? Automation and the Future of Work uncovers the deep weaknesses of twenty-first-century capitalism and the reasons why the engine of economic growth keeps stalling. Equally important, Benanav goes on to salvage from automation discourse its utopian content: the positive vision of a world without work. What social movements, he asks, are required to propel us into post-scarcity if technological innovation alone can’t deliver it? In response to calls for a permanent universal basic income that would maintain a growing army of redundant workers, he offers a groundbreaking counterproposal.