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Aspects On Interactions Between Mid To High Latitude Atmospheric Circulation And Some Surface Processes
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Book Synopsis Aspects on Interactions Between Mid- to High Latitude Atmospheric Circulation and Some Surface Processes by : Oyvind Byrkjedal
Download or read book Aspects on Interactions Between Mid- to High Latitude Atmospheric Circulation and Some Surface Processes written by Oyvind Byrkjedal and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Linkages Between Arctic Warming and Mid-Latitude Weather Patterns by : National Research Council
Download or read book Linkages Between Arctic Warming and Mid-Latitude Weather Patterns written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2014-05-29 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Arctic has been undergoing significant changes in recent years. Average temperatures are rising twice as fast as they are elsewhere in the world. The extent and thickness of sea ice is rapidly declining. Such changes may have an impact on atmospheric conditions outside the region. Several hypotheses for how Arctic warming may be influencing mid-latitude weather patterns have been proposed recently. For example, Arctic warming could lead to a weakened jet stream resulting in more persistent weather patterns in the mid-latitudes. Or Arctic sea ice loss could lead to an increase of snow on high-latitude land, which in turn impacts the jet stream resulting in cold Eurasian and North American winters. These and other potential connections between a warming Arctic and mid-latitude weather are the subject of active research. Linkages Between Arctic Warming and Mid-Latitude Weather Patterns is the summary of a workshop convened in September 2013 by the National Research Council to review our current understanding and to discuss research needed to better understand proposed linkages. A diverse array of experts examined linkages between a warming Arctic and mid-latitude weather patterns. The workshop included presentations from leading researchers representing a range of views on this topic. The workshop was organized to allow participants to take a global perspective and consider the influence of the Arctic in the context of forcing from other components of the climate system, such as changes in the tropics, ocean circulation, and mid-latitude sea surface temperature. This report discusses our current understanding of the mechanisms that link declines in Arctic sea ice cover, loss of high-latitude snow cover, changes in Arctic-region energy fluxes, atmospheric circulation patterns, and the occurrence of extreme weather events; possible implications of more severe loss of summer Arctic sea ice upon weather patterns at lower latitudes; major gaps in our understanding, and observational and/or modeling efforts that are needed to fill those gaps; and current opportunities and limitations for using Arctic sea ice predictions to assess the risk of temperature/precipitation anomalies and extreme weather events over northern continents.
Book Synopsis Climate Variability of Southern High Latitude Regions by : Neloy Khare
Download or read book Climate Variability of Southern High Latitude Regions written by Neloy Khare and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-04-07 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book to provide a comprehensive overview of climate change–related investigations carried out by Indian researchers through initiatives in southern high latitude regions. It explains climate variability over the Southern Ocean and Antarctica; air, sea, ice, and atmosphere interactions; and the impact of climate variability on sea ice and the polar atmosphere. The data were gathered at two Indian research bases, Maitri and Bharti, which are ideal sites to study and understand climatic evolution in Antarctic in the past and recent changes. This book helps to understand climatological perspectives and to evaluate some of the most pressing issues in the south polar region. FEATURES Highlights the achievements of India in the contemporary field of Antarctic climatology Presents four decades of research by Indian scientists in Antarctica, which is now shared for the first time with the global community Includes case studies on climatological and environmental conditions of natural archives to shed light on climate scenarios in the Southern Ocean and Antarctic regions Covers various aspects of climate variability and induced air-sea-ice-atmosphere interactions This book is edited by one of the top scientists and researchers of India in the field of paleoclimatology, and the contributors are experts in the Antarctic region.
Book Synopsis High Resolution Numerical Modelling of the Atmosphere and Ocean by : Kevin Hamilton
Download or read book High Resolution Numerical Modelling of the Atmosphere and Ocean written by Kevin Hamilton and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-12-25 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This highly relevant text documents the first international meeting focused specifically on high-resolution atmospheric and oceanic modeling. It was held recently at the Earth Simulator Center in Yokohama, Japan. Rather than producing a standard conference proceedings volume, the editors have decided to compose this volume entirely of papers written by invited speakers at the meeting, who report on their most exciting recent results involving high resolution modeling.
Book Synopsis Interacting Climates of Ocean Basins by : Carlos R. Mechoso
Download or read book Interacting Climates of Ocean Basins written by Carlos R. Mechoso and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-11-26 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive review of interactions between the climates of different ocean basins and their key contributions to global climate variability and change. Providing essential theory and discussing outstanding examples as well as impacts on monsoons, it a useful resource for graduate students and researchers in the atmospheric and ocean sciences.
Book Synopsis The Atmosphere and Climate of Mars by : Robert M. Haberle
Download or read book The Atmosphere and Climate of Mars written by Robert M. Haberle and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-06-29 with total page 613 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Humanity has long been fascinated by the planet Mars. Was its climate ever conducive to life? What is the atmosphere like today and why did it change so dramatically over time? Eleven spacecraft have successfully flown to Mars since the Viking mission of the 1970s and early 1980s. These orbiters, landers and rovers have generated vast amounts of data that now span a Martian decade (roughly eighteen years). This new volume brings together the many new ideas about the atmosphere and climate system that have emerged, including the complex interplay of the volatile and dust cycles, the atmosphere-surface interactions that connect them over time, and the diversity of the planet's environment and its complex history. Including tutorials and explanations of complicated ideas, students, researchers and non-specialists alike are able to use this resource to gain a thorough and up-to-date understanding of this most Earth-like of planetary neighbours.
Book Synopsis Elements of Physical Oceanography by :
Download or read book Elements of Physical Oceanography written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2009-08-26 with total page 658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Elements of Physical Oceanography is a derivative of the Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences, Second Edition and serves as an important reference on current physical oceanography knowledge and expertise in one convenient and accessible source. Its selection of articles—all written by experts in their field—focuses on ocean physics, air-sea transfers, waves, mixing, ice, and the processes of transfer of properties such as heat, salinity, momentum and dissolved gases, within and into the ocean. Elements of Physical Oceanography serves as an ideal reference for topical research. References related articles in physical oceanography to facilitate further research Richly illustrated with figures and tables that aid in understanding key concepts Includes an introductory overview and then explores each topic in detail, making it useful to experts and graduate-level researchers Topical arrangement makes it the perfect desk reference
Book Synopsis Scale Interactions Between Local Moist Phenomena and Shifts of the Large-scale Atmospheric Circulation by : Samuel Smith (Atmospheric scientist)
Download or read book Scale Interactions Between Local Moist Phenomena and Shifts of the Large-scale Atmospheric Circulation written by Samuel Smith (Atmospheric scientist) and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The warming of Earth due to human emissions of greenhouse gases will profoundly alter the structure of its atmosphere and the nature of the climate extremes it generates. To prepare and adapt to these changes in climate extremes, we will need confidence in the degree of these changes for a given amount of warming. However, uncertainty currently surrounds these changes in extremes at regional scales because future changes in the controlling atmospheric circulations are also highly uncertain. Therefore, improving confidence in future projections of climate extremes will require a two-pronged approach. The first stage in improving this confidence requires understanding which changes in extremes are due to the direct effects of Earth's warming ("thermodynamic effects") and which are due to the influence of changes in those controlling atmospheric circulations ("dynamics effects"). Here, we develop a new methodology for diagnosing the contributions of thermodynamic and dynamic processes to hydrologic cycle extremes which improves upon previous diagnostic methods and allows for further diagnosis of dynamic contributions by different circulation regimes. We find that changes in the position of subtropical dry zones and the midlatitude jetstreams are some of the largest sources of both dynamic change and uncertainty. Once dynamic contributions to a climate extreme are identified, the second stage towards improved confidence requires reducing uncertainty in changes to the controlling circulation. One pathway for this stage focuses on understanding the controls on these circulations in our current climate. Examining the jetstreams over the Southern Hemisphere and the North Atlantic, we find that latent heat release has a much larger impact on jetstream behaviors than predicted by leading theories, which suggests that improving how latent heating is represented in climate models might increase confidence in future projections. We also find that the latitude of the North Atlantic jet in the current climate is coupled to its speed in a way not previously recognized. Our results imply that reducing uncertainty in the jet's future latitude will require confident projections of both its speed and latitude, a more challenging task than predicting its future latitude in the absence of this coupling.
Download or read book Middle Atmosphere written by PLUMB and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2013-11-21 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PAGEOPH, stratosphere, these differences provide us with new evidence, interpretation of which can materially help to advance our understanding of stratospheric dynamics in general. It is now weil established that smaller-scale motions-in particular gravity waves and turbulence-are of fundamental importance in the general circulation of the mesosphere; they seem to be similarly, if less spectacularly, significant in the troposphere, and probably also in the stratosphere. Our understanding of these motions, their effects on the mean circulation and their mutual interactions is progressing rapidly, as is weil illustrated by the papers in this issue; there are reports of observational studies, especially with new instruments such as the Japanese MV radar, reviews of the state of theory, a laboratory study and an analysis of gravity waves and their effects in the high resolution "SKYHI" general circulation model. There are good reasons to suspect that gravity waves may be of crucial significance in making the stratospheric circulation the way it is (modeling experience being one suggestive piece of evidence for this). Direct observational proof has thus far been prevented by the difficulty of making observations of such scales of motion in this region; in one study reported here, falling sphere observations are used to obtain information on the structure and intensity of waves in the upper stratosphere.
Author :Groupe d'experts intergouvernemental sur l'évolution du climat Publisher : ISBN 13 :9789291691432 Total Pages :151 pages Book Rating :4.6/5 (914 download)
Book Synopsis Climate Change 2014 by : Groupe d'experts intergouvernemental sur l'évolution du climat
Download or read book Climate Change 2014 written by Groupe d'experts intergouvernemental sur l'évolution du climat and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Large-scale Ocean-atmosphere Interactions in the Mid-latitudes and Equatorial Regions by : Jane F. Gillooly
Download or read book Large-scale Ocean-atmosphere Interactions in the Mid-latitudes and Equatorial Regions written by Jane F. Gillooly and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Elements of Physical Oceanography by : John H. Steele
Download or read book Elements of Physical Oceanography written by John H. Steele and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2009-12-16 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Elements of Physical Oceanography is a derivative of the Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences, 2nd Edition and serves as an important reference on current physical oceanography knowledge and expertise in one convenient and accessible source. Its selection of articles—all written by experts in their field—focuses on ocean physics, air-sea transfers, waves, mixing, ice, and the processes of transfer of properties such as heat, salinity, momentum and dissolved gases, within and into the ocean. Elements of Physical Oceanography serves as an ideal reference for topical research. References related articles in physical oceanography to facilitate further research Richly illustrated with figures and tables that aid in understanding key concepts Includes an introductory overview and then explores each topic in detail, making it useful to experts and graduate-level researchers Topical arrangement makes it the perfect desk reference
Book Synopsis Decomposing Atmospheric Versus Oceanic Contributions to the High-To-Low Latitude Teleconnection During a Freshwater Triggered Abrupt Climate Change by : Guanglin Tang
Download or read book Decomposing Atmospheric Versus Oceanic Contributions to the High-To-Low Latitude Teleconnection During a Freshwater Triggered Abrupt Climate Change written by Guanglin Tang and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this dissertation we study the high-to-low latitude teleconnection during Younger Dryas-like abrupt climate events using models. The teleconnection considered here is between climate change induced by a freshwater input in high-latitude North Atlantic and global response over the Northern Hemisphere and in the tropics. We focus on three primary questions: (1) What is the relative importance of oceanic vs. atmospheric processes in the teleconnection? (2) What are the respective mechanisms of the atmospheric and oceanic controlled teleconnection? (3) How important is sea surface temperature to the teleconnection, particularly in tropical climate responses. To answer these questions we performed a series of model experiments using an Atmospheric General Circulation Model coupled to a thermodynamic slab ocean model. Previous studies identified a teleconnection between the high-latitude fresh-waterforced abrupt climate change and the low-latitude climate response during a Younger Dryas-like abrupt climate change using coupled Atmosphere-Ocean General Circulation Models. In this study we attempt to separate and compare the atmospheric and oceanic contributions to this teleconnection. The results show that these contributions have comparable climate response magnitudes, but different spatial characteristics with the atmospheric contribution being more zonally symmetric than the oceanic counterpart. Physical atmospheric and oceanic processes are also analyzed to address the second question. It is found that the equator ward propagation of the high-latitude surface cooling is induced by increasing surface sensible heat flux in northern mid-latitudes and subtropics and surface latent heat flux in northern equatorial region. The increase in sensible heat flux is due to cooling of near surface air temperatures, whereas latent heat response is caused by strengthening of the surface trade winds linked to an increase in meridional surface temperature gradient. The oceanic contribution in the North Atlantic is through changes in the oceanic circulation caused by freshwater forcing. To address the third question, we performed additional modelling experiments with same high-latitude forcing but different oceanic mixed layer depths. It is found that change in sea surface temperature is necessary for the high-to-low latitude teleconnection and the tropical precipitation response. To determine the importance of sea surface temperature in Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) response, we further performed an experiment using a simple model developed by Lindzen and Nigam (1987) and found that the change in sea surface temperature, in concert with lower-tropospheric vertical mixing and surface drag, largely contributes to the simulated ITCZ shift. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155500
Book Synopsis Abrupt Climate Change by : National Research Council
Download or read book Abrupt Climate Change written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-04-23 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The climate record for the past 100,000 years clearly indicates that the climate system has undergone periodic-and often extreme-shifts, sometimes in as little as a decade or less. The causes of abrupt climate changes have not been clearly established, but the triggering of events is likely to be the result of multiple natural processes. Abrupt climate changes of the magnitude seen in the past would have far-reaching implications for human society and ecosystems, including major impacts on energy consumption and water supply demands. Could such a change happen again? Are human activities exacerbating the likelihood of abrupt climate change? What are the potential societal consequences of such a change? Abrupt Climate Change: Inevitable Surprises looks at the current scientific evidence and theoretical understanding to describe what is currently known about abrupt climate change, including patterns and magnitudes, mechanisms, and probability of occurrence. It identifies critical knowledge gaps concerning the potential for future abrupt changes, including those aspects of change most important to society and economies, and outlines a research strategy to close those gaps. Based on the best and most current research available, this book surveys the history of climate change and makes a series of specific recommendations for the future.
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 994 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309444640 Total Pages :92 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Frontiers in Decadal Climate Variability by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Frontiers in Decadal Climate Variability written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-07-22 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many factors contribute to variability in Earth's climate on a range of timescales, from seasons to decades. Natural climate variability arises from two different sources: (1) internal variability from interactions among components of the climate system, for example, between the ocean and the atmosphere, and (2) natural external forcings, such as variations in the amount of radiation from the Sun. External forcings on the climate system also arise from some human activities, such as the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and aerosols. The climate that we experience is a combination of all of these factors. Understanding climate variability on the decadal timescale is important to decision-making. Planners and policy makers want information about decadal variability in order to make decisions in a range of sectors, including for infrastructure, water resources, agriculture, and energy. In September 2015, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop to examine variability in Earth's climate on decadal timescales, defined as 10 to 30 years. During the workshop, ocean and climate scientists reviewed the state of the science of decadal climate variability and its relationship to rates of human-caused global warming, and they explored opportunities for improvement in modeling and observations and assessing knowledge gaps. Frontiers in Decadal Climate Variability summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.
Book Synopsis U.S. Geological Survey Circular by :
Download or read book U.S. Geological Survey Circular written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 808 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
