Fluid Power Pumps and the Electrification

Download Fluid Power Pumps and the Electrification PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Linköping University Electronic Press
ISBN 13 : 9179298303
Total Pages : 92 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (792 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Fluid Power Pumps and the Electrification by : Samuel Kärnell

Download or read book Fluid Power Pumps and the Electrification written by Samuel Kärnell and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2020-05-25 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More and more vehicles are being electrified. Mobile working machines and heavy trucks are not excluded, and these machines are often hydraulically intense. Electrification entails new requirements for the hydraulic system and its components, and these requirements must be taken into consideration. Hydraulic systems have looked similar for a long time, but now there is an opportunity to advance. Many things change when a diesel engine is replaced with an electric motor. For example, variable-speed control becomes more relevant, electric regeneration becomes possible, and the use of multiple prime movers becomes an attractive alternative. The noise from the hydraulic system will also be more noticeable when the diesel engine is gone. Furthermore, the introduction of batteries to the system makes the energy more valuable, since batteries are heavy and costly compared to a diesel tank. Therefore, it is commercially viable to invest in the hydraulic system. This thesis revolves around the heart of the hydraulic system, that also is the root of all evil. That is the pump. Traditionally, a pump has had either a fixed displacement or a continuously variable displacement. Here, the focus is on something in between, namely a pump with discrete displacement. The idea of discrete displacement is far from unique, but has not been investigated in detail in combination with variable speed before. In this thesis, a novel design for a quiet pump with discrete displacement is presented and analysed. The results show that discrete displacement is relevant from an energy perspective for machines working extensively at high pressure levels and with low flow rates, and that a few discrete values are enough to make a significant difference. However, for other cycles, the possible energy gains are very limited, but the discrete displacement can be a valuable feature if downsizing the electric machine is of interest.

Engineering Fluid Dynamics 2019-2020

Download Engineering Fluid Dynamics 2019-2020 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3036502505
Total Pages : 202 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (365 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Engineering Fluid Dynamics 2019-2020 by : Bjørn H. Hjertager

Download or read book Engineering Fluid Dynamics 2019-2020 written by Bjørn H. Hjertager and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-02-25 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the successful submissions to a Special Issue of Energies entitled “Engineering Fluid Dynamics 2019–2020”. The topic of engineering fluid dynamics includes both experimental and computational studies. Of special interest were submissions from the fields of mechanical, chemical, marine, safety, and energy engineering. We welcomed original research articles and review articles. After one-and-a-half years, 59 papers were submitted and 31 were accepted for publication. The average processing time was about 41 days. The authors had the following geographical distribution: China (15); Korea (7); Japan (3); Norway (2); Sweden (2); Vietnam (2); Australia (1); Denmark (1); Germany (1); Mexico (1); Poland (1); Saudi Arabia (1); USA (1); Serbia (1). Papers covered a wide range of topics including analysis of free-surface waves, bridge girders, gear boxes, hills, radiation heat transfer, spillways, turbulent flames, pipe flow, open channels, jets, combustion chambers, welding, sprinkler, slug flow, turbines, thermoelectric power generation, airfoils, bed formation, fires in tunnels, shell-and-tube heat exchangers, and pumps.

Advances in Hydraulic and Pneumatic Drives and Control 2020

Download Advances in Hydraulic and Pneumatic Drives and Control 2020 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030595099
Total Pages : 454 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (35 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Advances in Hydraulic and Pneumatic Drives and Control 2020 by : Jarosław Stryczek

Download or read book Advances in Hydraulic and Pneumatic Drives and Control 2020 written by Jarosław Stryczek and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-18 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reports on cutting-edge research and technical achievements in the field of hydraulic drives. The chapters, selected from contributions presented at the International Scientific-Technical Conference on Hydraulic and Pneumatic Drives and Controls, NSHP 2020, held on October 21-23, 2020, in Trzebieszowice, Poland, cover a wide range of topics such as theoretical advances in fluid technology, work machines in mining, construction, marine and manufacturing industry, and practical issues relating to the application and operation of hydraulic drives. Further topics include: safety and environmental issues associated with the use of machines with hydraulic drive, and new materials in design of hydraulic components. A special emphasis is given to new solutions for hydraulic components and systems as well as to the identification of phenomena and processes occurring during the operation of hydraulic and pneumatic systems.

Mechatronic Systems 1

Download Mechatronic Systems 1 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000487296
Total Pages : 306 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Mechatronic Systems 1 by : Waldemar Wójcik

Download or read book Mechatronic Systems 1 written by Waldemar Wójcik and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-12-29 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The subject of the first volume is the issues related to the components and systems of transport machines. Motor vehicle systems tests are described: suspension dampers, steering, brakes and differentials. Design issues of machine elements operating in extreme conditions are also addressed. The possibility of increasing wear resistance in high-speed and ethanol-powered engines is analyzed. An extensive part covers the dynamics of hydraulic, electro-hydraulic and mechanical-hydraulic systems and the issues of diagnostics and automatic control in such systems. Aspects of the regional system of motor transport, public transport and transport and logistics of agricultural machinery are also addressed. The volume also examines selected technical and economic issues of gas transport. Topics on modelling of production processes with the transport of products are a complement.

Advances in Hydraulic and Pneumatic Drives and Control 2023

Download Advances in Hydraulic and Pneumatic Drives and Control 2023 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031430026
Total Pages : 334 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (314 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Advances in Hydraulic and Pneumatic Drives and Control 2023 by : Jarosław Stryczek

Download or read book Advances in Hydraulic and Pneumatic Drives and Control 2023 written by Jarosław Stryczek and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-09-25 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reports on cutting-edge research and technical achievements in the field of hydraulic drives. The chapters, selected from contributions presented at the International Scientific-Technical Conference on Hydraulic and Pneumatic Drives and Controls, NSHP 2023, held on October 11-13, 2023, in Piechowice, Poland, cover a wide range of topics such as theoretical advances in fluid technology, work machines in mining, construction, marine and manufacturing industry, and practical issues relating to the application and operation of hydraulic drives. Further topics include: safety and environmental issues associated with the use of machines with hydraulic drive, designing test stands with hydraulic and pneumatic components, advancing control of hydraulic systems, analyzing vibration issues, application of renewable energy sources, and new materials in the design of hydraulic components. Special emphasis is given to new solutions for hydraulic components and systems as well as to the identification of phenomena and processes occurring during the operation of hydraulic and pneumatic systems.

XIV International Scientific Conference “INTERAGROMASH 2021"

Download XIV International Scientific Conference “INTERAGROMASH 2021

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030816192
Total Pages : 940 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis XIV International Scientific Conference “INTERAGROMASH 2021" by : Alexey Beskopylny

Download or read book XIV International Scientific Conference “INTERAGROMASH 2021" written by Alexey Beskopylny and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-10-30 with total page 940 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains original and fundamental research papers in the following areas: engineering technologies for precision agriculture, agricultural systems management and digitalization in agriculture, logistics in agriculture, and other topics. Selected materials of the largest regional scientific event—INTERAGROMASH 2021 conference–included in this book present the results of the latest research in the areas of precision agriculture and agricultural machinery industry. The book is aimed for professionals and practitioners, for researchers, scholars, and producers. The materials presented here are used in the educational process at specific agricultural universities or during vocational training at enterprises and become an indispensable helper to farm managers in making the best agronomic decisions. The book is also useful for representatives of regional authorities, as it gives an idea of existing high-tech solutions for agriculture.

Proceedings of the Joint International Conference: 10th Textile Conference and 4th Conference on Engineering and Entrepreneurship

Download Proceedings of the Joint International Conference: 10th Textile Conference and 4th Conference on Engineering and Entrepreneurship PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031489330
Total Pages : 559 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (314 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Proceedings of the Joint International Conference: 10th Textile Conference and 4th Conference on Engineering and Entrepreneurship by : Genti Guxho

Download or read book Proceedings of the Joint International Conference: 10th Textile Conference and 4th Conference on Engineering and Entrepreneurship written by Genti Guxho and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2024-01-09 with total page 559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This proceedings book encompass a wide range of significant topics within the realms of Technologies, Engineering, Management, and Production, Entrepreneurship, Materials, Textiles, Fashion, and more. The book delves into various areas of Energetics, exploring aspects such as power production, solar power, wind turbines, advanced energetics technologies, energy resource efficiency, global warming and emissions, clean and renewable energies, as well as economic development, global warming, and environmental protections. The Constructions and Transport section features discussions on numerical methods for data manipulation, construction science and technology, transport systems, modeling of transport systems, intelligent transport, traffic management and safety. The Materials segment addresses materials science and application, biopolymers and biotechnology, metallic and composite materials, metallurgical engineering, recycling, manufacturing, and processing of various materials such as paper, plastics, rubber, glass, ceramics, and more. Management and Production topics include technology management, logistic and supply chain management, total quality management, knowledge and innovation management, financial management, marketing research and strategy, industrial marketing, operational research, project management, as well as information technology in enterprises, e-activities, and e-commerce. The book also features an extensive section dedicated to Textiles, covering textile processing and testing, technological advances in the textile industry, ecology and environment in textile production, fiber physics and textile mechanics, finishing, dyeing, and treatment techniques, modeling and simulation, smart and interactive textiles, technical and protective textiles, textile design, fashion, and garment manufacturing, innovations in textile education, as well as leather and footwear technologies.

Mobile Working Machines

Download Mobile Working Machines PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : SAE International
ISBN 13 : 0768099544
Total Pages : 470 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (68 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Mobile Working Machines by : Marcus Geimer

Download or read book Mobile Working Machines written by Marcus Geimer and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2020-12-31 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mobile Working Machines are defined by three characteristics. These machines have a cer-tain task of doing a working process, they are mobile, and they have a signifi cant energy share in their working functions. The machines should be as productive, efficient and of high quality as possible. All these machines in the fi eld of agriculture, forestry, construction, logistics, municipal sector, and in other special applications work in different applications. But, many technologies placed in the machines are the same, similar or comparable; therefore, different branches can learn from each other. Mobile Working Machines provides a wide and deep view into the technologies used in these machines. Appropriate for new engineers as well as those who wish to increase their knowledge in this field, this book brings together all the latest research and development into one place.

Mechatronics and Automation Technology

Download Mechatronics and Automation Technology PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : IOS Press
ISBN 13 : 1643684833
Total Pages : 696 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (436 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Mechatronics and Automation Technology by : J.-Y. Xu

Download or read book Mechatronics and Automation Technology written by J.-Y. Xu and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2024-02-27 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mechatronics and automation technology has led to technological change and innovation in all engineering fields, affecting various disciplines, including machine technology, electronics, and computing. It plays a vital role in improving production efficiency, reducing energy consumption and improving product quality and safety, and will be central to the further advancement of technology and industry, bringing convenience and innovation to even more areas. This book presents the proceedings of ICMAT 2023, the 2nd International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation Technology, held as a virtual event on 27 October 2023. The aim of the conference was to provide a platform for scientists, scholars, engineers and researchers from universities and scientific institutes around the world to share the latest research achievements in mechatronics and automation technology, explore key challenges and research directions, and promote the development and application of theory and technology in this field. A total of 121 submissions were received for the conference, of which 77 were ultimately accepted after a rigorous peer-review process. The papers cover a wide range of topics falling within the scope of mechatronics and automation technology, including smart manufacturing; digital manufacturing; additive manufacturing; robotics; sensors; control; electronic and electrical engineering; intelligent systems; and automation technology, as well as other related fields. Providing an overview of recent developments in mechatronics and automation technology, the book will be of interest to all those working in the field.

Lubrication Degradation

Download Lubrication Degradation PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000529398
Total Pages : 198 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (5 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Lubrication Degradation by : Sanya Mathura

Download or read book Lubrication Degradation written by Sanya Mathura and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-12-14 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book combines the topics of Root Cause Analysis (RCA) and Lubrication Degradation Mechanisms (LDM) with the goal of allowing the reader to develop the disciplined thought process for getting to the root causes of each of the degradation mechanisms. This new way of thinking can be applied to other areas within their facility to mitigate or eliminate any future recurrence. Lubrication Degradation: Getting into the Root Causes strives to break down the complex topic of Lubrication Degradation into its six most common failure mechanisms. It presents the mechanisms as manageable components and then teaches the reader how to identify the typical root causes associated with each failure mechanism. The main aim of this book is to get the audience to look past the physical root causes and really unearth the underlying human and/or systemic roots to prevent recurrence of these types of failures. The book offers a field-proven and practical root cause analysis approach. An ideal practical book for industry professionals involved with Plant Operations, Engineering, Management, Maintenance, Reliability, Quality, and also useful for Technicians.

Cavitation and Bubble Dynamics

Download Cavitation and Bubble Dynamics PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128233982
Total Pages : 355 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (282 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Cavitation and Bubble Dynamics by : Phoevos Koukouvinis

Download or read book Cavitation and Bubble Dynamics written by Phoevos Koukouvinis and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-09-24 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cavitation and Bubble Dynamics: Fundamentals and Applications examines the latest advances in the field of cavitation and multiphase flows, including associated effects such as material erosion and spray instabilities. This book tackles the challenges of cavitation hindrance in the industrial world, while also drawing on interdisciplinary research to inform academic audiences on the latest advances in the fundamentals. Contributions to the book come from a wide range of specialists in areas including fuel systems, hydropower, marine engineering, multiphase flows and computational fluid mechanics, allowing readers to discover novel interdisciplinary experimentation techniques and research results. This book will be an essential tool for industry professionals and researchers working on applications where cavitation hindrance affects reliability, noise, and vibrations. - Covers a wide range of cavitation and bubble dynamics phenomena, including shock wave emission, jetting, and luminescence - Provides the latest advice about applications including cavitation tunnels, cavitation testing, flow designs to avoid cavitation in pumps and other hydromachinery, and flow lines - Describes novel experimental techniques, such as x-ray imaging and new computational techniques

INDEPENDENT METERING SYSTEM WITH ELECTRO-HYDRAULIC CONTROL

Download INDEPENDENT METERING SYSTEM WITH ELECTRO-HYDRAULIC CONTROL PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9819963729
Total Pages : 159 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (199 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis INDEPENDENT METERING SYSTEM WITH ELECTRO-HYDRAULIC CONTROL by : Min Cheng

Download or read book INDEPENDENT METERING SYSTEM WITH ELECTRO-HYDRAULIC CONTROL written by Min Cheng and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2024 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book shows an independent metering electro-hydraulic control system involving its flexible hardware layouts, complex software control, representative products and applications. The book includes one chapter introducing the background and motivation of the independent metering electro-hydraulic control system. It also includes one chapter to summarize various hardware layouts involving the utilized hydraulic components and circuits, as well as analyze their advantages and disadvantages. It emphatically consists of four chapters demonstrating the detailed multivariable control strategies from three levels: load, valve and pump, together with fault-tolerant control under the fault condition. It includes a last chapter, in which products of independent metering control valve and their applications in some typical heavy-duty mobile machinery are collective works of reviews illustrative of recent advances. This book is interesting and useful to a wide readership in the various fields of fluid power transmission and control.

Materials, Structures and Manufacturing for Aircraft

Download Materials, Structures and Manufacturing for Aircraft PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030918734
Total Pages : 423 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (39 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Materials, Structures and Manufacturing for Aircraft by : Melih Cemal Kuşhan

Download or read book Materials, Structures and Manufacturing for Aircraft written by Melih Cemal Kuşhan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-04-25 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive look at materials science topics in aerospace, air vehicle structures and manufacturing methods for aerospace products, examining recent trends and new technological developments. Coverage includes additive manufacturing, advanced material removal operations, novel wing systems, design of landing gear, eco-friendly aero-engines, and light alloys, advanced polymers, composite materials and smart materials for structural components. Case studies and coverage of practical applications demonstrate how these technologies are being successfully deployed. Materials, Structures & Manufacturing for Aircraft will appeal to a broad readership in the aviation community, including students, engineers, scientists, and researchers, as a reference source for material science and modern production techniques.

Next-Generation Cyber-Physical Microgrid Systems

Download Next-Generation Cyber-Physical Microgrid Systems PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0443221863
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (432 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Next-Generation Cyber-Physical Microgrid Systems by : O.V. Gnana Swathika

Download or read book Next-Generation Cyber-Physical Microgrid Systems written by O.V. Gnana Swathika and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-02-23 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Next-Generation Cyber-Physical Microgrid Systems: A Practical Guide to Communication Technologies and Resilience presents the opportunities and challenges of using communication network technology to integrate distributed generation systems into microgrids. Working their way through case studies and theoretical strategies, the global range of authors analyze the particular needs of different system structures, including DC, AC-DC and hybrid microgrids, island-bound or grid-connected systems, and case studies in wind power and photovoltaic systems. Risks arising from the communication networks are addressed in detail, with strategies covered including modelling, cyber-physical security set-ups, applications of blockchain, demand-response analyses, and the impact and mitigation of cyber-attacks. Power-electronics interfaces for the integration of these technologies are demonstrated and explained. With a wealth of real-world, practical advice for the implementation and protection of these communication strategies, Next-Generation Cyber-Physical Microgrid Systems will be a useful resource for researchers and industry professionals developing the sustainable energy systems of the future. - Provides a practical reference for resilience in the cyber-physical microgrid with distributed and renewable integration - Summarizes the opportunities and challenges arising from the implementation of communication technologies - Includes simulations, models, case studies, and test codes to maximize practical application for students and professionals

Advances in Service and Industrial Robotics

Download Advances in Service and Industrial Robotics PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030196488
Total Pages : 567 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Advances in Service and Industrial Robotics by : Karsten Berns

Download or read book Advances in Service and Industrial Robotics written by Karsten Berns and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-05-07 with total page 567 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Robotics in Alpe-Adria-Danube Region, RAAD 2019, held at the Fraunhofer Zentrum and the Technische Universität in Kaiserslautern, Germany, on 19–21 June 2019. The conference brought together academic researchers in robotics from 20 countries, mainly affiliated to the Alpe-Adria-Danube Region and covered all major areas of robotic research, development and innovation as well as new applications and current trends. Offering a comprehensive overview of the ongoing research in the field of robotics, the book is a source of information and inspiration for researchers wanting to improve their work and gather new ideas for future developments. It also provides researchers with an innovative and up-to-date perspective on the state of the art in this area.

Smart Flow Control Processes in Micro Scale

Download Smart Flow Control Processes in Micro Scale PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3039364936
Total Pages : 334 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (393 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Smart Flow Control Processes in Micro Scale by : Bengt Sunden

Download or read book Smart Flow Control Processes in Micro Scale written by Bengt Sunden and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-12-29 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, microfluidic devices with a large surface-to-volume ratio have witnessed rapid development, allowing them to be successfully utilized in many engineering applications. A smart control process has been proposed for many years, while many new innovations and enabling technologies have been developed for smart flow control, especially concerning “smart flow control” at the microscale. This Special Issue aims to highlight the current research trends related to this topic, presenting a collection of 33 papers from leading scholars in this field. Among these include studies and demonstrations of flow characteristics in pumps or valves as well as dynamic performance in roiling mill systems or jet systems to the optimal design of special components in smart control systems.

Boundary Elements and other Mesh Reduction Methods XLIV

Download Boundary Elements and other Mesh Reduction Methods XLIV PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : WIT Press
ISBN 13 : 1784664316
Total Pages : 174 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (846 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Boundary Elements and other Mesh Reduction Methods XLIV by : A. H.-D. Cheng

Download or read book Boundary Elements and other Mesh Reduction Methods XLIV written by A. H.-D. Cheng and published by WIT Press. This book was released on 2021-08-31 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The maturity of BEM over the last few decades has resulted in a substantial number of industrial applications of the method; this demonstrates its accuracy, robustness and ease of use. The range of applications still needs to be widened, taking into account the potentialities of the Mesh Reduction techniques in general. Theoretical developments and new formulations have been reported over the last few decades, helping to expand the range of boundary elements and other mesh reduction methods (BEM/MRM) applications as well as the type of modelled materials in response to the requirements of contemporary industrial and professional environments. As design, analysis and manufacture become more integrated, the chances are that software users will be less aware of the capabilities of the analytical techniques that are at the core of the process. This reinforces the need to retain expertise in certain specialised areas of numerical methods, such as BEM/MRM, to ensure that all new tools perform satisfactorily within the aforementioned integrated process. The papers included were presented at the 44th International Conference on Boundary Elements and other Mesh Reduction Methods and report advances in techniques that reduce or eliminate the type of meshes associated with finite elements or finite differences.