Artificial Misinformation

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Fake News

Author : Melissa Zimdars
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262538369
Total Pages : 413 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis Fake News by : Melissa Zimdars

Download or read book Fake News written by Melissa Zimdars and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2020-02-18 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New perspectives on the misinformation ecosystem that is the production and circulation of fake news. What is fake news? Is it an item on Breitbart, an article in The Onion, an outright falsehood disseminated via Russian bot, or a catchphrase used by a politician to discredit a story he doesn't like? This book examines the real fake news: the constant flow of purposefully crafted, sensational, emotionally charged, misleading or totally fabricated information that mimics the form of mainstream news. Rather than viewing fake news through a single lens, the book maps the various kinds of misinformation through several different disciplinary perspectives, taking into account the overlapping contexts of politics, technology, and journalism. The contributors consider topics including fake news as “disorganized” propaganda; folkloric falsehood in the “Pizzagate” conspiracy; native advertising as counterfeit news; the limitations of regulatory reform and technological solutionism; Reddit's enabling of fake news; the psychological mechanisms by which people make sense of information; and the evolution of fake news in America. A section on media hoaxes and satire features an oral history of and an interview with prankster-activists the Yes Men, famous for parodies that reveal hidden truths. Finally, contributors consider possible solutions to the complex problem of fake news—ways to mitigate its spread, to teach students to find factually accurate information, and to go beyond fact-checking. Contributors Mark Andrejevic, Benjamin Burroughs, Nicholas Bowman, Mark Brewin, Elizabeth Cohen, Colin Doty, Dan Faltesek, Johan Farkas, Cherian George, Tarleton Gillespie, Dawn R. Gilpin, Gina Giotta, Theodore Glasser, Amanda Ann Klein, Paul Levinson, Adrienne Massanari, Sophia A. McClennen, Kembrew McLeod, Panagiotis Takis Metaxas, Paul Mihailidis, Benjamin Peters, Whitney Phillips, Victor Pickard, Danielle Polage, Stephanie Ricker Schulte, Leslie-Jean Thornton, Anita Varma, Claire Wardle, Melissa Zimdars, Sheng Zou

Journalism, fake news & disinformation

Author : Ireton, Cherilyn
Publisher : UNESCO Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9231002813
Total Pages : 128 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Journalism, fake news & disinformation by : Ireton, Cherilyn

Download or read book Journalism, fake news & disinformation written by Ireton, Cherilyn and published by UNESCO Publishing. This book was released on 2018-09-17 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Fake News in Digital Cultures

Author : Rob Cover
Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
ISBN 13 : 180117878X
Total Pages : 215 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Fake News in Digital Cultures by : Rob Cover

Download or read book Fake News in Digital Cultures written by Rob Cover and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2022-03-08 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fake News in Digital Cultures presents a new approach to understanding disinformation and misinformation in contemporary digital communication, arguing that fake news is not an alien phenomenon undertaken by bad actors, but a logical outcome of contemporary digital and popular culture.

Navigating Fake News, Alternative Facts, and Misinformation in a Post-Truth World

Author : Dalkir, Kimiz
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1799825450
Total Pages : 375 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (998 download)

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Book Synopsis Navigating Fake News, Alternative Facts, and Misinformation in a Post-Truth World by : Dalkir, Kimiz

Download or read book Navigating Fake News, Alternative Facts, and Misinformation in a Post-Truth World written by Dalkir, Kimiz and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2020-02-28 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the current day and age, objective facts have less influence on opinions and decisions than personal emotions and beliefs. Many individuals rely on their social networks to gather information thanks to social media’s ability to share information rapidly and over a much greater geographic range. However, this creates an overall false balance as people tend to seek out information that is compatible with their existing views and values. They deliberately seek out “facts” and data that specifically support their conclusions and classify any information that contradicts their beliefs as “false news.” Navigating Fake News, Alternative Facts, and Misinformation in a Post-Truth World is a collection of innovative research on human and automated methods to deter the spread of misinformation online, such as legal or policy changes, information literacy workshops, and algorithms that can detect fake news dissemination patterns in social media. While highlighting topics including source credibility, share culture, and media literacy, this book is ideally designed for social media managers, technology and software developers, IT specialists, educators, columnists, writers, editors, journalists, broadcasters, newscasters, researchers, policymakers, and students.

The Misinformation Age

Author : Cailin O'Connor
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 0300241003
Total Pages : 290 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis The Misinformation Age by : Cailin O'Connor

Download or read book The Misinformation Age written by Cailin O'Connor and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2019-01-08 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Empowering and thoroughly researched, this book offers useful contemporary analysis and possible solutions to one of the greatest threats to democracy.” —Kirkus Reviews Editors’ choice, The New York Times Book Review Recommended reading, Scientific American Why should we care about having true beliefs? And why do demonstrably false beliefs persist and spread despite bad, even fatal, consequences for the people who hold them? Philosophers of science Cailin O’Connor and James Weatherall argue that social factors, rather than individual psychology, are what’s essential to understanding the spread and persistence of false beliefs. It might seem that there’s an obvious reason that true beliefs matter: false beliefs will hurt you. But if that’s right, then why is it (apparently) irrelevant to many people whether they believe true things or not? The Misinformation Age, written for a political era riven by “fake news,” “alternative facts,” and disputes over the validity of everything from climate change to the size of inauguration crowds, shows convincingly that what you believe depends on who you know. If social forces explain the persistence of false belief, we must understand how those forces work in order to fight misinformation effectively. “[The authors] deftly apply sociological models to examine how misinformation spreads among people and how scientific results get misrepresented in the public sphere.” —Andrea Gawrylewski, Scientific American “A notable new volume . . . The Misinformation Age explains systematically how facts are determined and changed—whether it is concerning the effects of vaccination on children or the Russian attack on the integrity of the electoral process.” —Roger I. Abrams, New York Journal of Books

Handbook of Research on Deception, Fake News, and Misinformation Online

Author : Chiluwa, Innocent E.
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1522585370
Total Pages : 651 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (225 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Research on Deception, Fake News, and Misinformation Online by : Chiluwa, Innocent E.

Download or read book Handbook of Research on Deception, Fake News, and Misinformation Online written by Chiluwa, Innocent E. and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2019-06-28 with total page 651 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The growing amount of false and misleading information on the internet has generated new concerns and quests for research regarding the study of deception and deception detection. Innovative methods that involve catching these fraudulent scams are constantly being perfected, but more material addressing these concerns is needed. The Handbook of Research on Deception, Fake News, and Misinformation Online provides broad perspectives, practices, and case studies on online deception. It also offers deception-detection methods on how to address the challenges of the various aspects of deceptive online communication and cyber fraud. While highlighting topics such as behavior analysis, cyber terrorism, and network security, this publication explores various aspects of deceptive behavior and deceptive communication on social media, as well as new methods examining the concepts of fake news and misinformation, character assassination, and political deception. This book is ideally designed for academicians, students, researchers, media specialists, and professionals involved in media and communications, cyber security, psychology, forensic linguistics, and information technology.

How Algorithms Create and Prevent Fake News

Author : Noah Giansiracusa
Publisher : Apress
ISBN 13 : 9781484271544
Total Pages : 235 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (715 download)

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Book Synopsis How Algorithms Create and Prevent Fake News by : Noah Giansiracusa

Download or read book How Algorithms Create and Prevent Fake News written by Noah Giansiracusa and published by Apress. This book was released on 2021-07-15 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From deepfakes to GPT-3, deep learning is now powering a new assault on our ability to tell what’s real and what’s not, bringing a whole new algorithmic side to fake news. On the other hand, remarkable methods are being developed to help automate fact-checking and the detection of fake news and doctored media. Success in the modern business world requires you to understand these algorithmic currents, and to recognize the strengths, limits, and impacts of deep learning---especially when it comes to discerning the truth and differentiating fact from fiction. This book tells the stories of this algorithmic battle for the truth and how it impacts individuals and society at large. In doing so, it weaves together the human stories and what’s at stake here, a simplified technical background on how these algorithms work, and an accessible survey of the research literature exploring these various topics. How Algorithms Create and Prevent Fake News is an accessible, broad account of the various ways that data-driven algorithms have been distorting reality and rendering the truth harder to grasp. From news aggregators to Google searches to YouTube recommendations to Facebook news feeds, the way we obtain information today is filtered through the lens of tech giant algorithms. The way data is collected, labelled, and stored has a big impact on the machine learning algorithms that are trained on it, and this is a main source of algorithmic bias – which gets amplified in harmful data feedback loops. Don’t be afraid: with this book you’ll see the remedies and technical solutions that are being applied to oppose these harmful trends. There is hope. What You Will Learn The ways that data labeling and storage impact machine learning and how feedback loops can occur The history and inner-workings of YouTube’s recommendation algorithm The state-of-the-art capabilities of AI-powered text generation (GPT-3) and video synthesis/doctoring (deepfakes) and how these technologies have been used so far The algorithmic tools available to help with automated fact-checking and truth-detection Who This Book is For People who don’t have a technical background (in data, computers, etc.) but who would like to learn how algorithms impact society; business leaders who want to know the powers and perils of relying on artificial intelligence. A secondary audience is people with a technical background who want to explore the larger social and societal impact of their work.

How to Lose the Information War

Author : Nina Jankowicz
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1838607692
Total Pages : 295 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (386 download)

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Book Synopsis How to Lose the Information War by : Nina Jankowicz

Download or read book How to Lose the Information War written by Nina Jankowicz and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2020-06-11 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the start of the Trump era, the United States and the Western world has finally begun to wake up to the threat of online warfare and the attacks from Russia, who flood social media with disinformation, and circulate false and misleading information to fuel fake narratives and make the case for illegal warfare. The question no one seems to be able to answer is: what can the West do about it? Central and Eastern European states, including Ukraine and Poland, however, have been aware of the threat for years. Nina Jankowicz has advised these governments on the front lines of the information war. The lessons she learnt from that fight, and from her attempts to get US congress to act, make for essential reading. How to Lose the Information War takes the reader on a journey through five Western governments' responses to Russian information warfare tactics - all of which have failed. She journeys into the campaigns the Russian operatives run, and shows how we can better understand the motivations behind these attacks and how to beat them. Above all, this book shows what is at stake: the future of civil discourse and democracy, and the value of truth itself.

The True Story of Fake News

Author : Mark Dice
Publisher : Mark Dice
ISBN 13 : 1943591032
Total Pages : 330 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (435 download)

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Book Synopsis The True Story of Fake News by : Mark Dice

Download or read book The True Story of Fake News written by Mark Dice and published by Mark Dice. This book was released on 2017-11-03 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is fake news being spread through social media as part of an information war? Are political operatives publishing disinformation to smear the opposition and help their own agendas? Who creates fake news, how does it spread, and can it be stopped? What are the real world effects of fake news stories that go viral? Did it affect the outcome of the 2016 presidential election? Or is ‘fake news’ a fake problem, designed to justify tighter control over the mechanisms of sharing information online to drive audiences back to brand name media outlets because their audiences and influence are dwindling? Media analyst Mark Dice takes a close look at the fake news phenomenon and the implications of mega-corporations like Facebook, Google, and Twitter becoming the ultimate gatekeepers and distributors of news and information. You will see the powerful and deceptive methods of manipulation that affect us all, as numerous organizations and political activists cunningly plot to have their stories seen, heard, and believed by as many people as possible. The depths of lies, distortions, and omissions from traditional mainstream media will shock you; and now they’re colluding with the top tech companies trying to maintain their information monopolies. This is The True Story of Fake News.

Disinformation, Misinformation, and Fake News in Social Media

Author : Kai Shu
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030426998
Total Pages : 285 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Disinformation, Misinformation, and Fake News in Social Media by : Kai Shu

Download or read book Disinformation, Misinformation, and Fake News in Social Media written by Kai Shu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-06-17 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book serves as a convenient entry point for researchers, practitioners, and students to understand the problems and challenges, learn state-of-the-art solutions for their specific needs, and quickly identify new research problems in their domains. The contributors to this volume describe the recent advancements in three related parts: (1) user engagements in the dissemination of information disorder; (2) techniques on detecting and mitigating disinformation; and (3) trending issues such as ethics, blockchain, clickbaits, etc. This edited volume will appeal to students, researchers, and professionals working on disinformation, misinformation and fake news in social media from a unique lens.

Misinformation and Fake News in Education

Author : Panayiota Kendeou
Publisher : IAP
ISBN 13 : 164113853X
Total Pages : 333 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (411 download)

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Book Synopsis Misinformation and Fake News in Education by : Panayiota Kendeou

Download or read book Misinformation and Fake News in Education written by Panayiota Kendeou and published by IAP. This book was released on 2019-09-01 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today, like no other time in our history, the threat of misinformation and disinformation is at an all-time high. This is also true in the field of Education. Misinformation refers to false information shared by a source who intends to inform, but is unaware that the information is false, such as when an educator who recommends the use of a learning strategy that is not actually beneficial. Disinformation is false information shared by a source who has the intent to deceive and is aware that the information is false, such as when a politician claim that high-stakes testing will fix K-12 education when in fact there is no evidence to support this practice. This book provides recent examples of how misinformation and disinformation manifest in the field of education and remedies. Section One, Susceptibility to Misinformation, focuses on factors that influence the endorsement and persistence of misinformation. This section will include chapters on: the appeal and persistence of “zombie concepts” in education; learner and message factors that underlie the adoption of misinformation in the context of the newly proposed Likelihood of Adoption Model; cognitive and motivational factors that contribute to misinformation revision failure; cognitive biases and bias transfer in criminal justice training; the influence of conspiratorial and political ideation on the use of misinformation; and, how educational culture and policy has historically given rise to quackery in education. Section Two, Practices in the Service of Reducing Misinformation in Education, focuses on practices aimed at reducing the impact of misinformation, and includes chapters on: misinformation in the education of children with ASD and its influence on educational and intervention practices; the promise of using dynamical systems and computational linguistics to model the spread of misinformation; systematic attempts to reduce misinformation in psychology and education both in and out of the classroom; and the potential perils of constructivism in the classroom, as well as the teaching of critical thinking. Each section has a discussion chapter that explicates emerging themes and lessons learned and fruitful avenues for future research.

Post-Truth

Author : Lee McIntyre
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262345986
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (623 download)

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Book Synopsis Post-Truth by : Lee McIntyre

Download or read book Post-Truth written by Lee McIntyre and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2018-02-16 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How we arrived in a post-truth era, when “alternative facts” replace actual facts, and feelings have more weight than evidence. Are we living in a post-truth world, where “alternative facts” replace actual facts and feelings have more weight than evidence? How did we get here? In this volume in the MIT Press Essential Knowledge series, Lee McIntyre traces the development of the post-truth phenomenon from science denial through the rise of “fake news,” from our psychological blind spots to the public's retreat into “information silos.” What, exactly, is post-truth? Is it wishful thinking, political spin, mass delusion, bold-faced lying? McIntyre analyzes recent examples—claims about inauguration crowd size, crime statistics, and the popular vote—and finds that post-truth is an assertion of ideological supremacy by which its practitioners try to compel someone to believe something regardless of the evidence. Yet post-truth didn't begin with the 2016 election; the denial of scientific facts about smoking, evolution, vaccines, and climate change offers a road map for more widespread fact denial. Add to this the wired-in cognitive biases that make us feel that our conclusions are based on good reasoning even when they are not, the decline of traditional media and the rise of social media, and the emergence of fake news as a political tool, and we have the ideal conditions for post-truth. McIntyre also argues provocatively that the right wing borrowed from postmodernism—specifically, the idea that there is no such thing as objective truth—in its attacks on science and facts. McIntyre argues that we can fight post-truth, and that the first step in fighting post-truth is to understand it.

The Anatomy of Fake News

Author : Nolan Higdon
Publisher : University of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520347870
Total Pages : 247 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (23 download)

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Book Synopsis The Anatomy of Fake News by : Nolan Higdon

Download or read book The Anatomy of Fake News written by Nolan Higdon and published by University of California Press. This book was released on 2020-08-04 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the 2016 U.S. presidential election, concerns about fake news have fostered calls for government regulation and industry intervention to mitigate the influence of false content. These proposals are hindered by a lack of consensus concerning the definition of fake news or its origins. Media scholar Nolan Higdon contends that expanded access to critical media literacy education, grounded in a comprehensive history of fake news, is a more promising solution to these issues. The Anatomy of Fake News offers the first historical examination of fake news that takes as its goal the effective teaching of critical news literacy in the United States. Higdon employs a critical-historical media ecosystems approach to identify the producers, themes, purposes, and influences of fake news. The findings are then incorporated into an invaluable fake news detection kit. This much-needed resource provides a rich history and a promising set of pedagogical strategies for mitigating the pernicious influence of fake news.

Cheap Speech

Author : Richard L. Hasen
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 0300265255
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Cheap Speech by : Richard L. Hasen

Download or read book Cheap Speech written by Richard L. Hasen and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2022-03-08 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An informed and practical road map for controlling disinformation, embracing free speech, saving American elections, and protecting democracy "A fresh, persuasive and deeply disturbing overview of the baleful and dangerous impact on the nation of widely disseminated false speech on social media. Richard Hasen, the country’s leading expert about election law, has written this book with flair and clarity.”—Floyd Abrams, author of The Soul of the First Amendment What can be done consistent with the First Amendment to ensure that American voters can make informed election decisions and hold free elections amid a flood of virally spread disinformation and the collapse of local news reporting? How should American society counter the actions of people like former President Donald J. Trump, who used social media to convince millions of his followers to doubt the integrity of U.S. elections and helped foment a violent insurrection? What can we do to minimize disinformation campaigns aimed at suppressing voter turnout? With piercing insight into the current debates over free speech, censorship, and Big Tech’s responsibilities, Richard L. Hasen proposes legal and social measures to restore Americans’ access to reliable information on which democracy depends. In an era when quack COVID treatments and bizarre QAnon theories have entered mainstream, this book explains how to assure both freedom of ideas and a commitment to truth.

Detecting Fake News on Social Media

Author : Kai Shu
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031019156
Total Pages : 121 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Detecting Fake News on Social Media by : Kai Shu

Download or read book Detecting Fake News on Social Media written by Kai Shu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past decade, social media has become increasingly popular for news consumption due to its easy access, fast dissemination, and low cost. However, social media also enables the wide propagation of "fake news," i.e., news with intentionally false information. Fake news on social media can have significant negative societal effects. Therefore, fake news detection on social media has recently become an emerging research area that is attracting tremendous attention. This book, from a data mining perspective, introduces the basic concepts and characteristics of fake news across disciplines, reviews representative fake news detection methods in a principled way, and illustrates challenging issues of fake news detection on social media. In particular, we discussed the value of news content and social context, and important extensions to handle early detection, weakly-supervised detection, and explainable detection. The concepts, algorithms, and methods described in this lecture can help harness the power of social media to build effective and intelligent fake news detection systems. This book is an accessible introduction to the study of detecting fake news on social media. It is an essential reading for students, researchers, and practitioners to understand, manage, and excel in this area. This book is supported by additional materials, including lecture slides, the complete set of figures, key references, datasets, tools used in this book, and the source code of representative algorithms. The readers are encouraged to visit the book website for the latest information: http://dmml.asu.edu/dfn/

Combating Fake News with Computational Intelligence Techniques

Author : Mohamed Lahby
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030900878
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (39 download)

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Book Synopsis Combating Fake News with Computational Intelligence Techniques by : Mohamed Lahby

Download or read book Combating Fake News with Computational Intelligence Techniques written by Mohamed Lahby and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-12-15 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the latest cutting-edge research, theoretical methods, and novel applications in the field of computational intelligence techniques and methods for combating fake news. Fake news is everywhere. Despite the efforts of major social network players such as Facebook and Twitter to fight disinformation, miracle cures and conspiracy theories continue to rain down on the net. Artificial intelligence can be a bulwark against the diversity of fake news on the Internet and social networks. This book discusses new models, practical solutions, and technological advances related to detecting and analyzing fake news based on computational intelligence models and techniques, to help decision-makers, managers, professionals, and researchers design new paradigms considering the unique opportunities associated with computational intelligence techniques. Further, the book helps readers understand computational intelligence techniques combating fake news in a systematic and straightforward way.

Fake News in an Era of Social Media

Author : Yasmin Ibrahim
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1786614227
Total Pages : 197 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (866 download)

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Book Synopsis Fake News in an Era of Social Media by : Yasmin Ibrahim

Download or read book Fake News in an Era of Social Media written by Yasmin Ibrahim and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2020-01-29 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last few years, social media has expanded to become a key platform for news dissemination and circulation, and a key orginator and propogator of 'fake news'.. Nations, governments, organisations and societies are now coming to terms with the unpredictable and debilitating consequences of fake news. The propagation of news containing falsehoods has been linked to an increase in measles cases, surges in youth crimes, the spread of pseudo-science, compromised national security, and more. Some even perceive it as a global threat to democratic systems around the world. In this book, the authors examine factors influencing the spread of fake news, and suggest ways to combat it by exploring the key elements which enable and facilitate this phenomenon.