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Author : Per Gloersen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (129 download)
Download or read book Arctic and Antarctic Sea Ice, 1978-1987 written by Per Gloersen and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Per Gloersen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 290 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (776 download)
Download or read book Arctic and antarctic sea ice, 1978 - 1987 : satellite passive-microwave observations and analysis written by Per Gloersen and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : P. GLOERSEN
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (77 download)
Download or read book Variations in the Arctic, Antarctic, and global sea ice covers during 1978-1987 as observed with the Nimbus 7 scanning multichannel microwave radiometer written by P. GLOERSEN and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Per Gloersen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 7 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (228 download)
Download or read book Variations of Extent, Area, and Open Water of the Polar Sea Ice Covers: 1978-1987 written by Per Gloersen and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Scanning Multichannel microwave Radiometer (SMMR) which operated onboard the Nimbus-7 satellite from October 1978 to August 1987 obtained sequential synoptic observations of the entire Arctic and Antarctic sea ice covers every 2 days through the clouds during night and day. It is a unique almost decade-long data set of the large-scale behavior of sea ice on earth. Ibis paper presents the results of an analysis of SMMR observations of the Arctic, Antarctic, and global sea ice area, extent, and open water within the ice pack. These data are corrected for instrumental drift and errors due to variations in the ecliptic angle. Also presented is an analysis based on a combination of Fourier and ordinary least-squares regression techniques which yields their interannual variations and trends. In the power spectra of the Arctic and Antarctic sea ice areas and extents, the largest peaks are the dominant annual cycles, the second and third harmonics which are distinct, and the fourth and fifth which are identifiable. In order to remove the seasonal cycle, the first five harmonics are subtracted from the area and extent data, obtaining the residuals from which the trends are determined. During this 9-year period, the Arctic ice cover has negative trends of 1.9 +/- 1.3% for the extent and 1.6 +/- 1.6% for the area, with confidence levels of 95% as defined by the two-sigma criterion.
Author : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781725165885
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (658 download)
Download or read book Arctic and Antarctic Sea Ice Concentrations from Multichannel Passive-Microwave Satellite Data Sets written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by . This book was released on 2018-08-17 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Satellite multichannel passive-microwave sensors have provided global radiance measurements with which to map, monitor, and study the Arctic and Antarctic polar sea ice covers. The data span over 18 years (as of April 1997), starting with the launch of the Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) on NASA's SeaSat A and Nimbus 7 in 1978 and continuing with the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSMI) series beginning in 1987. It is anticipated that the DMSP SSMI series will continue into the 21st century. The SSMI series will be augmented by new, improved sensors to be flown on Japanese and U.S. space platforms. This User's Guide provides a description of a new sea ice concentration data set generated from observations made by three of these multichannel sensors. The data set includes gridded daily ice concentrations (every-other-day for the SMMR data) for both the north and south polar regions from October 26, 1978 through September 30, 1995, with the one exception of a 6-week data gap from December 3, 1987 through January 12, 1988. The data have been placed on two CD-ROMs that include a ReadMeCD file giving the technical details on the file format, file headers, north and south polar grids, ancillary data sets, and directory structure of the CD-ROM. The CD-ROMS will be distributed by the National Snow and Ice Data Center in Boulder, CO. Cavalieri, Donald J. and Parkinson, Claire L. and Gloersen, Per and Zwally, H. Jay Goddard Space Flight Center NASA-TM-104647, Rept-97B00054, NAS 1.15:104647 ...
Author : Frank D. Carsey
Publisher : American Geophysical Union
ISBN 13 : 087590033X
Total Pages : 466 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (759 download)
Download or read book Microwave Remote Sensing of Sea Ice written by Frank D. Carsey and published by American Geophysical Union. This book was released on 1992-04-08 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 68. Human activities in the polar regions have undergone incredible changes in this century. Among these changes is the revolution that satellites have brought about in obtaining information concerning polar geophysical processes. Satellites have flown for about three decades, and the polar regions have been the subject of their routine surveillance for more than half that time. Our observations of polar regions have evolved from happenstance ship sightings and isolated harbor icing records to routine global records obtained by those satellites. Thanks to such abundant data, we now know a great deal about the ice-covered seas, which constitute about 10% of the Earth's surface. This explosion of information about sea ice has fascinated scientists for some 20 years. We are now at a point of transition in sea ice studies; we are concerned less about ice itself and more about its role in the climate system. This change in emphasis has been the prime stimulus for this book.
Author : Claire L. Parkinson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 316 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Arctic Sea Ice, 1973-1976 written by Claire L. Parkinson and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 26 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (317 download)
Download or read book Arctic and Antarctic Sea Ice Concentrations from Multichannel Passive-Microwave Satellite Data Sets: User's Guide written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Mohammed Shokr
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119027888
Total Pages : 600 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (19 download)
Download or read book Sea Ice written by Mohammed Shokr and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-03-16 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sea Ice: Physics and Remote Sensing addresses experiences acquired mainly in Canada by researchers in the fields of ice physics and growth history in relation to its polycrystalline structure as well as ice parameters retrieval from remote sensing observations. The volume describes processes operating at the macro- and microscale (e.g., brine entrapment in sea ice, crystallographic texture of ice types, brine drainage mechanisms, etc.). The information is supported by high-quality photographs of ice thin-sections prepared from cores of different ice types, all obtained by leading experts during field experiments in the 1970s through the 1990s, using photographic cameras and scanning microscopy. In addition, this volume presents techniques to retrieve a suite of sea ice parameters (e.g. ice type, concentration, extent, thickness, surface temperature, surface deformation, etc.) from space-borne and airborne sensor data. The breadth of the material on this subject is designed to appeal to researchers and users of remote sensing data who want to develop quick familiarity with the capabilities of this technology or detailed knowledge about major techniques for retrieval of key ice parameters. Volume highlights include: Detailed crystallographic classification of natural sea ice, the key information from which information about ice growth conditions can be inferred. Many examples are presented with material to support qualitative and quantitative interpretation of the data. Methods developed for revealing microstructural characteristics of sea ice and performing forensic investigations. Data sets on radiative properties and satellite observations of sea ice, its snow cover, and surrounding open water. Methods of retrieval of ice surface features and geophysical parameters from remote sensing observations with a focus on critical issues such as the suitability of different sensors for different tasks and data synergism. Sea Ice: Physics and Remote Sensing is intended for a variety of sea ice audiences interested in different aspects of ice related to physics, geophysics, remote sensing, operational monitoring, mechanics, and cryospheric sciences.
Author : David N. Thomas
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118778383
Total Pages : 666 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (187 download)
Download or read book Sea Ice written by David N. Thomas and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-03-06 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past 20 years the study of the frozen Arctic and Southern Oceans and sub-arctic seas has progressed at a remarkable pace. This third edition of Sea Ice gives insight into the very latest understanding of the how sea ice is formed, how we measure (and model) its extent, the biology that lives within and associated with sea ice and the effect of climate change on its distribution. How sea ice influences the oceanography of underlying waters and the influences that sea ice has on humans living in Arctic regions are also discussed. Featuring twelve new chapters, this edition follows two previous editions (2001 and 2010), and the need for this latest update exhibits just how rapidly the science of sea ice is developing. The 27 chapters are written by a team of more than 50 of the worlds’ leading experts in their fields. These combine to make the book the most comprehensive introduction to the physics, chemistry, biology and geology of sea ice that there is. This third edition of Sea Ice will be a key resource for all policy makers, researchers and students who work with the frozen oceans and seas.
Author : Roger G. Barry
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108423167
Total Pages : 445 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)
Download or read book Polar Environments and Global Change written by Roger G. Barry and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-08-09 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surveys atmospheric, oceanic and cryospheric processes, present and past conditions, and changes in polar environments.
Author : Vladimir A. Volkov
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9783540429692
Total Pages : 508 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (296 download)
Download or read book Polar Seas Oceanography written by Vladimir A. Volkov and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2002-06-01 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rapid development of Earth observation satellite using remote sensing techniques enables observations of the oceanic processes by sea and airborne study to be carried out over vast areas in a short time. This first book written by Russian and Norwegian scientists is an analysis of studies of the Kara Sea and presents a unique catalogue of environmental and pollution data of the joint Norwegian and Russian oceanographic expedition studies of the Kara Sea spanning three decades.
Author : Jonathan L. Bamber
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521808958
Total Pages : 672 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (89 download)
Download or read book Mass Balance of the Cryosphere written by Jonathan L. Bamber and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-02-12 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A detailed and comprehensive overview of observational and modelling techniques for all climate change, environmental science and glaciology researchers.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 406 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)
Download or read book EOS Science Plan written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Josefino C. Comiso
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 64 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (317 download)
Download or read book SSM/I Sea Ice Concentrations Using the Bootstrap Algorithm written by Josefino C. Comiso and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Mohammed Shokr
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 111982821X
Total Pages : 628 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (198 download)
Download or read book Sea Ice written by Mohammed Shokr and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-04-20 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: SEA ICE The latest edition of the gold standard in sea ice references In the newly revised second edition of Sea Ice: Physics and Remote Sensing, a team of distinguished researchers delivers an in-depth review of the features and structural properties of ice, as well as the latest advances in geophysical sensors, ice parameter retrieval techniques, and remote sensing data. The book has been updated to reflect the latest scientific developments in macro- and micro-scale sea ice research. For this edition, the authors have included high-quality photographs of thin sections from cores of various ice types, as well as a comprehensive account of all major field expeditions that have systematically surveyed sea ice and its properties. Readers will also find: A thorough introduction to ice physics and physical processes, including ice morphology and age-based structural features Practical discussions of radiometric and radar-scattering observations from sea ice, including radar backscatter and microwave emission The latest techniques for the retrieval of sea ice parameters from space-borne and airborne sensor data New chapters on sea ice thermal microwave emissions and on the impact of climate change on polar sea ice Perfect for academic researchers working on sea ice, the cryosphere, and climatology, Sea Ice: Physics and Remote Sensing will also benefit meteorologists, marine operators, and high-latitude construction engineers.
Author : United Nations Environment Programme (Unep)
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134040903
Total Pages : 437 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (34 download)
Download or read book Global Environment Outlook 2000 written by United Nations Environment Programme (Unep) and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-11-05 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'The continued poverty of the majority of the planet's inhabitants and excessive consumption by the minority are the two major causes of environmental degradation The present course is unsustainable and postponing action is no longer an option. Inspired political leadership and intense cooperation across all regions and sectors will be needed to put both existing and new policy instruments to work. ' From the Synthesis Global Environment Outlook 2000 (GEO-2000) is a comprehensive and authoritative review and analysis of environmental conditions around the world. It is the flagship publication of the world's leading environmental organization, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), and is based on information provided by more than 30 regional and international collaborating centres. The book presents a region-by-region analysis of the state of the world's environment, highlighting key global concerns and making recommendations for policy action. The regions covered include Africa, Asia and the Pacific, Europe and Central Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, North America, West Asia and the Polar Areas. Chapter 1: Global Perspectives describes the main drivers of environmental change, such as the economy, population growth, political organization and regionalization, as well as potential impacts of recent global developments including the growth of the consumer culture, trade and international debt. Chapter 2: The State of the Environment provides a global and region-by-region overview of the environment at the end of the second millennium. The chapter covers global issues such as ozone, climate change, El Nifio and nitrogen loading, and universal issues of land and food, forests, biodiversity, freshwater, marine and coastal areas, atmosphere and urban areas. Chapter 3: Policy Responses reviews the broad range of policy instruments and responses being used to address environmental issues, including multilateral environmental agreements, and analyses the difficulties of compliance, implementation and assessment. Chapter 4: Future Perspectives looks at environmental issues that will require priority attention in the 21st century and some alternative policy options that could be used in the regions. Chapter 5: Outlook and Recommendations makes recommendations for future action based on the environmental legacy left by past and present policy and management systems. GEO-2000 will be the benchmark reference and guide to the state of the global environment. Written in clear, non-technical language and supported throughout by informative graphics and tables, it is essential reading for all those involved in environmental policy making, implementation and assessment, and for researchers and students of regional and global environmental issues. Originally published in 1999
