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Application Des Techniques De Modelisation Moleculaire A Letude Des Mecanismes De Retention En Chromatographie Liquide
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Book Synopsis APPLICATION DES TECHNIQUES DE MODELISATION MOLECULAIRE A L'ETUDE DES MECANISMES DE RETENTION EN CHROMATOGRAPHIE LIQUIDE by : KAMAL.. AZZAOUI
Download or read book APPLICATION DES TECHNIQUES DE MODELISATION MOLECULAIRE A L'ETUDE DES MECANISMES DE RETENTION EN CHROMATOGRAPHIE LIQUIDE written by KAMAL.. AZZAOUI and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CE TRAVAIL A ETE CONSACRE A L'ETUDE DU MECANISME DE RETENTION EN CHROMATOGRAPHIE LIQUIDE, CORRESPONDANT A DES SYSTEMES SPECIFIQUES ET POUR LESQUELS LES THEORIES CLASSIQUES SONT DIFFICILEMENT APPLICABLES. NOUS AVONS UTILISE UNE APPROCHE BASEE SUR DES ETUDES QUANTITATIVES DES RELATIONS STRUCTURE-RETENTION CHROMATOGRAPHIQUE (QUANTITATIVE STRUCTURE-RETENTION RELATIONSHIPS OU QSRR) AFIN D'EXPLIQUER LE MECANISME ET PREVOIR LA RETENTION DE PLUSIEURS FAMILLES DE COMPOSES. LE PRINCIPE DES QSRR REPOSE SUR LE CALCUL DE PLUSIEURS DESCRIPTEURS MOLECULAIRES (ELECTRONIQUES, STERIQUES, LIPOPHILIQUES) QUI SONT ENSUITE RELIES DIRECTEMENT PAR DES METHODES STATISTIQUES (REGRESSIONS MULTIPLES, ANALYSES EN COMPOSANTES PRINCIPALES, RESEAUX DE NEURONES), A UN INDICE DE RETENTION CHROMATOGRAPHIQUE. UNE ETUDE DE MODELISATION MOLECULAIRE EST NECESSAIRE POUR DETERMINER LES DESCRIPTEURS QUI DEPENDENT DE LA STRUCTURE ET DE LA CONFORMATION DE LA MOLECULE COMME LES SURFACES MOLECULAIRES ET LES POTENTIELS LIPOPHILIQUE ET/OU ELECTROSTATIQUE CODES SUR CES SURFACES. LE SUJET DE CETTE THESE EST CONSACRE A TROIS APPLICATIONS DE CES TECHNIQUES A DES CAS CONCRETS SOIT POUR PREDIRE LA RETENTION, SOIT POUR COMPRENDRE LE MECANISME MIS EN JEU. TOUT D'ABORD NOUS AVONS REALISE UNE ETUDE QUANTITATIVE DE LA RETENTION DE PRODUITS TESTS POUR 18 SYSTEMES CHROMATOGRAPHIQUES (3 PHASES STATIONNAIRES ET 6 PHASES MOBILES). CETTE ETUDE SE DEROULE EN DEUX ETAPES. DANS UN PREMIER TEMPS NOUS ANALYSERONS LES AXES QUE NOUS AVONS EXTRAITS DES ANALYSES FACTORIELLES PUIS DIRECTEMENT LES FACTEURS DE CAPACITE, CE QUI NOUS A PERMIS DE PROPOSER UN MECANISME QUANTIFIE PAR DES EQUATIONS DE PREDICTION DE LA RETENTION APPLICABLE POUR L'ENSEMBLE DES PHASES MOBILES UTILISEES. NOUS AVONS ENSUITE ETUDIE LA RETENTION DE COMPOSES AMPHIPHILES (ALKYLSUCRES) SUR UN SYSTEME A POLARITE DE PHASES INVERSEE. POUR DE TELS SYSTEMES CHROMATOGRAPHIQUES, LA RETENTION DES PRODUITS ETUDIES PRESENTE DES ANOMALIES. L'ETUDE DES CONFORMATIONS DE CES MOLECULES DANS UN SOLVANT POLAIRE ET UN SOLVANT APOLAIRE (MODELE DE SOLVATATION CONTINUE GB/SA) NOUS A PERMIS DE COMPRENDRE COMMENT CES COMPOSES CHANGENT DE CONFORMATION EN FONCTION DE LA COMPOSITION DE LA PHASE MOBILE ET POURQUOI LEUR RETENTION NE SUIT PLUS LES LOIS CLASSIQUES DE RETENTION EN PHASE INVERSE. NOUS AVONS CREE UN PROGRAMME GRACE AUQUEL LES ZONES LIPOPHILES ET LES ZONES HYDROPHILES SONT DELIMITEES SUR LA SURFACE DE CONNOLLY DE NOS PRODUITS. LES AIRES DES SURFACES LIPOPHILES SONT DIRECTEMENT RELIEES A UN PARAMETRE EXPERIMENTAL METTANT EN EVIDENCE LA QUANTIFICATION DE CETTE PROPRIETE. ENFIN NOUS AVONS CHERCHE A DETERMINER LA PHASE STATIONNAIRE LA PLUS APPROPRIEE POUR SEPARER DES ISOMERES DE POSITION DE DERIVES BENZODIOXINIQUES. NOUS AVONS CALCULE LES POTENTIELS ELECTROSTATIQUE ET LIPOPHILIQUE REPARTIS SUR LA SURFACE DE CONNOLLY DES DIFFERENTS ISOMERES. NOUS AVONS CONSTATE QUE CES ISOMERES SE DIFFERENCIENT NETTEMENT PAR LEURS PROPRIETES ELECTRONIQUES, PLUS QUE PAR LEURS PROPRIETES LIPOPHILES, CE QUI NOUS A AMENE A UN CHOIX RAISONNE D'UN SYSTEME OU LES INTERACTIONS ELECTRONIQUES PREDOMINENT
Book Synopsis OPTIMISATION DE LA SEPARATION ET ETUDE THERMODYNAMIQUE DU MECANISME DE RETENTION DE MOLECULES EN CHROMATOGRAPHIE LIQUIDE ET GAZEUSE by : Yves Claude Guillaume
Download or read book OPTIMISATION DE LA SEPARATION ET ETUDE THERMODYNAMIQUE DU MECANISME DE RETENTION DE MOLECULES EN CHROMATOGRAPHIE LIQUIDE ET GAZEUSE written by Yves Claude Guillaume and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DANS CE TRAVAIL, NOUS METTONS EN EVIDENCE L'INTERET QUE REPRESENTE LES PLANS D'EXPERIENCE ET L'ALGORITHME SIMPLEX EN CHROMATOGRAPHIE. CETTE METHODE PERMET, EN EFFET, DE REDUIRE LE NOMBRE D'EXPERIENCES A REALISER POUR L'OPTIMISATION DE LA SEPARATION ET L'ETUDE DU MECANISME DE RETENTION DE DIVERSES MOLECULES. APRES AVOIR RAPPELE QUELQUES POINTS THEORIQUES SUR CE PROCEDE DE CALCUL, NOUS AVONS REPERTORIE, DANS LE PREMIER CHAPITRE DE CE MEMOIRE, LES METHODES D'OPTIMISATION UTILISANT LES PLANS D'EXPERIENCE ET/OU L'ALGORITHME SIMPLEX. LA DEUXIEME PARTIE, CONCERNE L'APPLICATION DE CETTE TECHNIQUE POUR L'OPTIMISATION DE LA SEPARATION ET L'ETUDE DU MECANISME DE RETENTION EN CHROMATOGRAPHIE LIQUIDE D'UNE SERIE DE BENZODIAZEPINES. L'EFFET DE 3 FACTEURS, DEBIT, COMPOSITION DE LA PHASE MOBILE ET TEMPERATURE DE LA COLONNE SUR DIVERSES CARACTERISTIQUES DE RETENTION A ETE ETUDIE. NOUS AVONS MONTRE QU'IL ETAIT POSSIBLE, POUR CHAQUE BENZODIAZEPINE, DE CALCULER POUR DIFFERENTES COMPOSITIONS DE LA PHASE MOBILE AVEC UN NOMBRE LIMITE D'EXPERIENCES LEUR ENTHALPIE ET ENTROPIE DE TRANSFERT DE LA PHASE MOBILE A LA PHASE STATIONNAIRE. A LA FIN DE CE CHAPITRE, NOUS NOUS SOMMES INTERESSES A L'ETUDE DE L'EFFICACITE DE LA SEPARATION DE 7 ESTERS DE L'ACIDE PARAHYDROXYBENZOIQUE. GRACE A UN MODELE RELIANT LA HAUTEUR EQUIVALENTE A UN PLATEAU THEORIQUE AUX 3 FACTEURS PRECEDENTS, NOUS AVONS DETERMINE LES CONDITIONS OPTIMALES QUI PERMETTENT LEUR SEPARATION. LE TROISIEME CHAPITRE CONCERNE L'APPLICATION DE CETTE METHODE A LA CHROMATOGRAPHIE GAZEUSE. LA PREMIERE ETAPE EFFECTUEE DANS DES CONDITIONS ISOTHERMES A CONSISTE A ETUDIER SIMULTANEMENT L'EFFET DU DEBIT DE GAZ VECTEUR ET DE LA TEMPERATURE DE LA COLONNE SUR L'EFFICACITE D'UNE COLONNE CAPILLAIRE. NOUS AVONS ENSUITE ELUCIDE LE MECANISME DE RETENTION DE 7 ESTERS DE L'ACIDE PARAHYDROXYBENZOIQUE. NOUS AVONS MIS AU POINT DES RELATIONS ENTRE LA STRUCTURE MOLECULAIRE DE CES COMPOSES REPRESENTES PAR LEUR FACTEUR DE CONNECTIVITE #1#X ET LEUR ENTHALPIE ET ENTROPIE DE TRANSFERT. ENFIN, L'OPTIMISATION DE LA SEPARATION D'UN MELANGE DE PSORALENES A ETE REALISEE EN 62 MINUTES. LA DEUXIEME ETAPE A CONSISTE A TRANSPOSER LES RESULTATS PRECEDENTS EN GRADIENT DE TEMPERATURE, CECI NOUS PERMETTANT NOTAMMENT DE DETERMINER LES CONDITIONS OPTIMALES DE SEPARATION DE CES PSORALENES EN UN TEMPS BEAUCOUP PLUS COURT (7 MINUTES)
Book Synopsis CONTRIBUTION A L'ETUDE DES MECANISMES D'INTERACTIONS MOLECULAIRES EN CHROMATOGRAPHIE LIQUIDE A POLARITE DE PHASES INVERSEE. APPLICATION A LA SEPARATION DE TRIGLYCERIDES by : SYLVIE.. HERON
Download or read book CONTRIBUTION A L'ETUDE DES MECANISMES D'INTERACTIONS MOLECULAIRES EN CHROMATOGRAPHIE LIQUIDE A POLARITE DE PHASES INVERSEE. APPLICATION A LA SEPARATION DE TRIGLYCERIDES written by SYLVIE.. HERON and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: L'ETUDE DU COMPORTEMENT DE PLUSIEURS SERIES HOMOLOGUES SUR DIFFERENTES SILICES GREFFEES AVEC DES PHASES MOBILES VARIEES (PARTIELLEMENT AQUEUSES ET NON AQUEUSES) ET A TEMPERATURE VARIABLE A PERMIS DE MIEUX CERNER LE MECANISME D'INTERACTIONS MOLECULAIRES EN CHROMATOGRAPHIE LIQUIDE A POLARITE DE PHASE INVERSEE. ELLE A CONDUIT A EN PROPOSER DEUX TYPES DIFFERENTS. LE PREMIER EST DEFINI POUR DES GREFFES A COMPORTEMENT MONOMERIQUE. LE SECOND POUR CELLES A COMPORTEMENT POLYMERIQUE. IL EST POSSIBLE DE PASSER DE L'UN A L'AUTRE EN JOUANT SOIT SUR LA TEMPERATURE D'ANALYSE SOIT SUR LA NATURE DE LA PHASE MOBILE. UN CHOIX ENTRE THEORIE SOLVOPHOBE ET DE PARTAGE EST PROPOSE. L'ETUDE DU ROLE DU SOLVANT A PERMIS D'ETABLIR: 1) LA GENERALISATION DE LA NOTION DE POINT DE CONVERGENCE POUR LA COMPOSITION DE LA PHASE MOBILE, LA TEMPERATURE AINSI QUE LA LONGUEUR DE CHAINE DU SOLUTE; 2) UNE ECHELLE DE FORCE ELUANTE POUR DES GREFFES ALKYLES DE LONGUEUR VARIABLE ET DES GREFFES PROPIOPHENYLES; 3) UNE CORRELATION ENTRE VARIATION DE TENSION SUPERFICIELLE DE LA PHASE MOBILE ET VARIATION DE RETENTION DES SOLUTES; 4) L'IMPORTANCE DE LA VALEUR DE LA CONSTANTE DIELECTRIQUE DE LA PHASE MOBILE; AINSI QUAND ELLE EST FAIBLE CELA ENTRAINE UNE MODIFICATION CONFORMATIONNELLE DE LA PHASE STATIONNAIRE, DONC DE SON POUVOIR DE SEPARATION; 5) L'INFLUENCE DES INTERACTIONS PI-PI QUI SE DEVELOPPENT QUAND AU MOINS DEUX PARTENAIRES DE L'EQUILIBRE CHROMATOGRAPHIQUE SONT TELS QUE CHACUN D'ENTRE EUX POSSEDE DES DOUBLES LIAISONS. L'ENSEMBLE A ETE MIS A PROFIT POUR LA SEPARATION DE TRIGLYCERIDES MIXTES CONSTITUTIFS DES HUILES ET GRAISSES AVEC DES CONDITIONS SIMPLES D'ANALYSE
Book Synopsis Liquid Sample Introduction in ICP Spectrometry by : José-Luis Todoli
Download or read book Liquid Sample Introduction in ICP Spectrometry written by José-Luis Todoli and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-04-18 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inductively coupled plasma atomic or mass spectrometry is one of the most common techniques for elemental analysis. Samples to be analyzed are usually in the form of solutions and need to be introduced into the plasma by means of a sample introduction system, so as to obtain a mist of very fine droplets. Because the sample introduction system can be a limiting factor in the analytical performance, it is crucial to optimize its design and its use. It is the purpose of this book to provide fundamental knowledge along with practical instructions to obtain the best out of the technique. - Fundamental as well as practical character - Troubleshooting section - Flow charts with optimum systems to be used for a given application
Book Synopsis Liquid-Liquid Extraction Equipment by : J. C. Godfrey
Download or read book Liquid-Liquid Extraction Equipment written by J. C. Godfrey and published by Wiley. This book was released on 1995-01-09 with total page 788 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years the use of liquid—liquid extraction equipment has attracted widespread interest from all major chemical engineering, petroleum and pharmaceutical companies as well as university-based scientists and engineers. Liquid—Liquid Extraction Equipment presents : a critical analysis of all available information, including practical recommendations new ideas on performance enhancement and equipment selection an up-to-date review of research results on equipment performance illustrations of present understanding using well-known equipment a concise survey of past, present and forthcoming procedures The combination of the historical aspects of the subject, with extensive references and illustrations, make this a unique information source. All researchers, in industry and academia, using this type of equipment will find Liquid—Liquid Extraction Equipment an authoritative reference work and a solid basis for future research projects.
Download or read book Coal Tar Creosote written by C. Melber and published by WHO. This book was released on 2004 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On cover: IPCS International Programme on Chemical Safety. Published under the joint sponsorship of the United Nations Environment Programme, the International Labour Organization and the World Health Organization, and produced within the framework of the Inter-organization Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals (IOMC)
Book Synopsis Advances in Solid State Fermentation by : S. Roussos
Download or read book Advances in Solid State Fermentation written by S. Roussos and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 641 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: G.HAINNAUX Departement Milieu et Activites Agricoles, Centre ORSTOM, 911 Avenue d' Agropolis, B.P. 5045, 34032 Montpellier Cedex , France. Solid state fermentation, popularly abbreviated as SSF, is currently investigated by many groups throughout the world. The study of this technique was largely neglected in the past in European and Western countries and there is now a high demand for SSF, meaning in food, environment, agricultural, phannaceutical and many other biotechnological applications. It gives me satisfaction to note that the importance of this technique was realised at my department way back in 1975 since then, our team has put concentrated efforts on developing this technique. xvii Foreword Advances in Solid State Fermentation Foreword M. PUYGRENIER Agropolis Valorisation, Avenue d' Agropolis, 34394 Montpellier Cedex 5, France. On the name of the Scientific Community, I would like to express the wish that this International Symposium on SSF should be successful. Solid State Fermentation is part of biotechnology research. It consists on seeding solid culture medium with bacteria or fungi (filamentous or higher) and on producing, in this medium (solid components and exudates) metabolites and high value products. In fact, this process is very old. In older industries such the food and agricultural, this technique has been extensively used. An example of this is the production of pork sausages and Roquefort cheese. Pharmaceutical industry could make extensive use of SSF in the production of secondary metabolites of many kinds and development in this direction is soon expected.
Download or read book Exchange Reactions written by and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XXII: Volume 556 by : David J. Wronkiewicz
Download or read book Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XXII: Volume 556 written by David J. Wronkiewicz and published by . This book was released on 1999-11-24 with total page 1370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Safe and effective management of nuclear waste provides a broad range of challenges for materials science. Waste processing, waste form and engineered barrier properties, interactions between engineered and geological systems, radiation effects, chemistry and transport of waste species, and long-term predictions of repository performance are just some of the scientific problems facing modern society. This book, the 22nd in a very successful series from MRS, offers an international and inter-disciplinary perspective on the issues, and features developments in both fundamental and applied areas. Topics include: development and characterization of ceramic waste forms; ceramic waste form corrosion; glass waste form processing; glass formulation, properties and structure; glass waste form corrosion; spent nuclear fuel; performance assessment; repository backfill; flow and transport; natural analogues; container corrosion; metal waste form corrosion; radionuclide speciation and solubility; radionuclide sorption; microbial effects; radiation effects; cement waste forms and waste treatment.
Book Synopsis Faecal Sludge Management by : Linda Strande
Download or read book Faecal Sludge Management written by Linda Strande and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2014-08-15 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is estimated that literally billions of residents in urban and peri-urban areas of Africa, Asia, and Latin America are served by onsite sanitation systems (e.g. various types of latrines and septic tanks). Until recently, the management of faecal sludge from these onsite systems has been grossly neglected, partially as a result of them being considered temporary solutions until sewer-based systems could be implemented. However, the perception of onsite or decentralized sanitation technologies for urban areas is gradually changing, and is increasingly being considered as long-term, sustainable options in urban areas, especially in low- and middle-income countries that lack sewer infrastructures. This is the first book dedicated to faecal sludge management. It compiles the current state of knowledge of the rapidly evolving field of faecal sludge management, and presents an integrated approach that includes technology, management, and planning based on Sandecs 20 years of experience in the field. Faecal Sludge Management: Systems Approach for Implementation and Operation addresses the organization of the entire faecal sludge management service chain, from the collection and transport of sludge, and the current state of knowledge of treatment options, to the final end use or disposal of treated sludge. The book also presents important factors to consider when evaluating and upscaling new treatment technology options. The book is designed for undergraduate and graduate students, and engineers and practitioners in the field who have some basic knowledge of environmental and/or wastewater engineering.
Book Synopsis Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) Applications in Organic and Bioorganic Materials by : B. Catoire
Download or read book Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) Applications in Organic and Bioorganic Materials written by B. Catoire and published by Springer. This book was released on 1992-02-27 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Publication partially sponsored by MRT (French Ministry of Research and Technology."
Download or read book Soil Analysis written by J. Gautheyrou and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this book is to provide a better understanding of tools for soil analysis in order to use them more efficiently. It covers sampling problems as well as difficulties relating to actual analysis and quality control.
Author :International Livestock Research Institute Publisher :ILRI (aka ILCA and ILRAD) ISBN 13 :9789291460038 Total Pages :268 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (6 download)
Book Synopsis Livestock Policy Analysis by : International Livestock Research Institute
Download or read book Livestock Policy Analysis written by International Livestock Research Institute and published by ILRI (aka ILCA and ILRAD). This book was released on 1995-01-01 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Policy concepts; Identification of policy issues; Production systems, supply and demand; Market, price and trade policies; Marketing and distribution systems; Budget and manpower planning; Land tenure police for the livestock sector; Policy analysis report writing and communication; Livestock production and marketing in alphabeta - a case study.
Book Synopsis Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XXIII: Volume 608 by : Robert W. Smith
Download or read book Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XXIII: Volume 608 written by Robert W. Smith and published by . This book was released on 2000-10-09 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This long-standing symposia series has become the premier, international forum for scientific and engineering issues related to all levels and types of radioactive wastes and their management. Topics include: fuel cladding and spent nuclear fuel; container fabrication and corrosion; performance assessment; repository performance; radionuclide sorption and transport; cement-based materials and waste containment; corrosion of ceramic wasteforms; structure and characterization of ceramics; radiation effects; natural analogs; wasteform characterization and processing; and corrosion and characterization of glass wasteforms.
Book Synopsis Sample Introduction Systems in ICPMS and ICPOES by : Diane Beauchemin
Download or read book Sample Introduction Systems in ICPMS and ICPOES written by Diane Beauchemin and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2020-03-15 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sample Introduction Systems in ICPMS and ICPOES provides an in-depth analysis of sample introduction strategies, including flow injection analysis and less common techniques, such as arc/spark ablation and direct sample insertion. The book critically evaluates what has been accomplished so far, along with what can be done to extend the capabilities of the technique for analyses of any type of sample, such as aqueous, gaseous or solid. The latest progress made in fields, such as FIA, ETV, LC-ICP-MS and CE-ICP-MS is included and critically discussed. The book addresses problems related to the optimization of the system, peak dispersion and calibration and automatization. - Provides contributions from recognized experts that give credibility to each chapter as a reference source - Presents a single source, providing the big picture for ICPMS and ICPOES - Covers theory, methods, selected applications and discrete sampling techniques - Includes access to core data for practical work, comparison of results and decision-making
Book Synopsis Karen's New Bike (Baby-Sitters Little Sister #62) by : Ann M. Martin
Download or read book Karen's New Bike (Baby-Sitters Little Sister #62) written by Ann M. Martin and published by Scholastic Inc.. This book was released on 2016-05-31 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the bestselling author of the generation-defining series The Baby-sitters Club comes a series for a new generation! Yikes, My Bike! Karen is learning all about bike safety in school. She is even going to enter a bike-a-thon. But Karen’s bike is too small for her. So with Daddy’s help, Karen buys a new bike. Then Karen’s new bike is stolen. Can Karen catch the thief and get her bike back?
Book Synopsis Arsenic in Drinking Water by : National Research Council
Download or read book Arsenic in Drinking Water written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-11-26 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Having safe drinking water is important to all Americans. The Environmental Protection Agency's decision in the summer of 2001 to delay implementing a new, more stringent standard for the maximum allowable level for arsenic in drinking water generated a great deal of criticism and controversy. Ultimately at issue were newer data on arsenic beyond those that had been examined in a 1999 National Research Council report. EPA asked the National Research Council for an evaluation of the new data available. The committee's analyses and conclusions are presented in Arsenic in Drinking Water: 2001 Update. New epidemiological studies are critically evaluated, as are new experimental data that provide information on how and at what level arsenic in drinking water can lead to cancer. The report's findings are consistent with those of the 1999 report that found high risks of cancer at the previous federal standard of 50 parts per billion. In fact, the new report concludes that men and women who consume water containing 3 parts per billion of arsenic daily have about a 1 in 1,000 increased risk of developing bladder or lung cancer during their lifetime.
