On the Edge of Eternity

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Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190678895
Total Pages : 369 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis On the Edge of Eternity by :

Download or read book On the Edge of Eternity written by and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022-09-09 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is commonly assumed that the creation story of Genesis and its chronology were the only narratives openly available in medieval and early modern Europe and that the discovery of geological time in the eighteenth century came as a momentous breakthrough that shook the faith in the historical accuracy of the Bible. Historians of science, mainstream geologists, and Young Earth creationists alike all share the assumption that the notion of an ancient Earth was highly heterodox in the pre-modern era. The old age of the world is regarded as the offspring of a secularized science. In this book, Ivano Dal Prete radically revises the commonplace history of deep time in Western culture. He argues that the chronology of the Bible always coexisted with alternative approaches that placed the origin of the Earth into a far, undetermined (or even eternal) past. From the late Middle Ages, these notions spread freely not only in universities and among the learned, but even in popular works of meteorology, geology, literature, and art that made them easily accessible to a vernacular and scientifically illiterate public. Religious authorities did not regard these notions as particularly problematic, let alone heretical. Neither the authors nor their numerous readers thought that holding such views was incompatible with their Christian faith. While the appeal of theories centered on the biblical Flood and on a young Earth gained popularity over the course of the seventeenth century, their more secular alternatives remained vital and debated. Enlightenment thinkers, however, created a myth of a Christian tradition that uniformly rejected the antiquity of the world, as opposed to a new secular science ready to welcome it. Largely unchallenged for almost three centuries, that account solidified over time into a still dominant truism. Based on a wealth of mostly unexplored sources, On the Edge of Eternity offers an original and nuanced account of the history of deep time that illuminates the relationship between the history of science and Christianity in the medieval and early modern periods, with lasting implications for Western society.

After the Flood

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Author :
Publisher : Johns Hopkins University Press
ISBN 13 : 1421429519
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (214 download)

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Book Synopsis After the Flood by : Lydia Barnett

Download or read book After the Flood written by Lydia Barnett and published by Johns Hopkins University Press. This book was released on 2019-07-02 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How the story of Noah's Flood was central to the development of a global environmental consciousness in early modern Europe. Winner, Morris D. Forkosch Prize, Journal of the History of Ideas Many centuries before the emergence of the scientific consensus on climate change, people began to imagine the existence of a global environment: a natural system capable of changing humans and of being changed by them. In After the Flood, Lydia Barnett traces the history of this idea back to the early modern period, when the Scientific Revolution, the Reformations, the Little Ice Age, and the overseas expansion of European empire, religion, and commerce gave rise to new ideas about nature, humanity, and their intersecting histories. Recovering a forgotten episode in the history of environmental thought, Barnett brings to light the crucial role of religious faith and conflict in the emergence of a global environmental consciousness. Following Noah's Flood as a popular topic of debate through long-distance networks of knowledge from the late sixteenth through the early eighteenth centuries, Barnett reveals how early modern earth and environmental sciences were shaped by gender, evangelism, empire, race, and nation.

Connecting Territories

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Author :
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004412476
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (44 download)

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Book Synopsis Connecting Territories by :

Download or read book Connecting Territories written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-11-29 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book analyses from a comparative perspective the exploration of territories, the histories of their inhabitants, and local natural environments during the long eighteenth century. The eleven chapters look at European science at home and abroad as well as at global scientific practices and the involvement of a great variety of local actors in the processes of mapping and recording. Dealing with landlocked territories with no colonies (like Switzerland) and places embedded in colonial networks, the book reveals multifarious entanglements connecting these territories. Contributors are: Sarah Baumgartner, Simona Boscani Leoni, Stefanie Gänger, Meike Knittel, Francesco Luzzini, Jon Mathieu, Barbara Orland, Irina Podgorny, Chetan Singh, and Martin Stuber.

The Secrets of Generation

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Publisher : University of Toronto Press
ISBN 13 : 1442666935
Total Pages : 579 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (426 download)

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Book Synopsis The Secrets of Generation by : Raymond Stephanson

Download or read book The Secrets of Generation written by Raymond Stephanson and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 2015-11-26 with total page 579 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From theories of conception and concepts of species to museum displays of male genitalia and the politics of breastmilk, The Secrets of Generation is an interdisciplinary examination of the many aspects of reproduction in the eighteenth century. Exploring the theme of generation from the perspective of histories of medicine, literature, biology, technology, and culture, this collection offers a range of cutting-edge approaches. Its twenty-four contributors, scholars from across Europe and North America, bring an international perspective to discuss reproduction in British, French, American, German, and Italian contexts. The definitive collection on eighteenth-century generation and its many milieus, The Secrets of Generation will be an essential resource for studying this topic for years to come.

Physico-theology

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Publisher : Johns Hopkins University Press
ISBN 13 : 1421438461
Total Pages : 287 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (214 download)

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Book Synopsis Physico-theology by : Ann Blair

Download or read book Physico-theology written by Ann Blair and published by Johns Hopkins University Press. This book was released on 2020-08-25 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first book-length study of physico-theology questions the widespread notion of a steadily advancing early modern separation of religion and science. Beginning around 1650, the emergence of a number of new scientific concepts, methods, and instruments challenged existing syntheses of science and religion. Physico-theology, which embraced the values of personal, empirical observation, was an international movement of the early Enlightenment that focused on the new science to make arguments about divine creation and providence. By reconciling the new science with Christianity across many denominations, physico-theology played a crucial role in diffusing new scientific ideas, assumptions, and interest in the study of nature to a broad public. In this book, sixteen leading scholars contribute a rich array of essays on the terms and scope of the movement, its scientific and religious arguments, and its aesthetic sensibilities. Contributors: Ann Blair, Simona Boscani Leoni, John Hedley Brooke, Nicolas Brucker, Katherine Calloway, Kathleen Crowther, Brendan Dooley, Peter Harrison, Barbara Hunfeld, Eric Jorink, Scott Mandelbrote, Brian W. Ogilvie, Martine Pécharman, Jonathan Sheehan, Anne-Charlott Trepp, Rienk Vermij, Kaspar von Greyerz

The History of Fossils Over Centuries

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Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031046870
Total Pages : 509 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis The History of Fossils Over Centuries by : Maurizio Forli

Download or read book The History of Fossils Over Centuries written by Maurizio Forli and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-08-22 with total page 509 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the history of invertebrate fossil understanding and classification by exploring fossil studies between the 15th and 18th centuries. Before the modern age, the understanding of fossil findings went through several phases. The treatment by philologists, philosophers and historians of natural sciences involved religious, sometimes folkloristic, aspects before scientific ones. This work showcases and assesses these original findings by carrying out a bibliographical, and above all iconographical research, aimed at finding the first printed images of the objects that we now know as fossils. From here, the authors provide an understanding of the true nature of fossils by analyzing them through modern academic viewpoints, and describing each fossil group from a paleontological and taxonomic point of view, retracing their treatment in the course of the centuries. As a point of reference for each fossil group treated, the authors have considered indispensable the use of ancient prints as evidence of the first iconographic sources dedicated to fossils, starting from those in the late fifteenth century, dedicated to the most common groups of invertebrates without neglecting a necessary exception, the ichthyodontolites, fundamental in the discussion in Italy on the interpretation of the organic origin of fossils, and from the end of the sixteenth century to about half of the eighteenth century. The abundant iconographic apparatus used, often unpublished or specially reworked, is essential and functional to the understanding of the various aspects addressed, a visual complement to the text and vice versa, designed and used taking its cue from the need imposed on early scholars to document their discoveries visually. Among the chosen images there is no shortage of original attributions to fossil finds that have been poorly understood or misidentified until now. The English translation of this book from its Italian original manuscript was done with the help of artificial intelligence (machine translation by the service provider DeepL.com). A subsequent human revision of the content was done by the authors.

The Contest for Knowledge

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Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226010562
Total Pages : 215 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (26 download)

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Book Synopsis The Contest for Knowledge by : Maria Gaetana Agnesi

Download or read book The Contest for Knowledge written by Maria Gaetana Agnesi and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2007-11-01 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At a time when women were generally excluded from scholarly discourse in the intellectual centers of Europe, four extraordinary female letterate proved their parity as they lectured in prominent scientific and literary academies and published in respected journals. During the Italian Enlightenment, Maria Gaetana Agnesi, Giuseppa Eleonora Barbapiccola, Diamante Medaglia Faini, and Aretafila Savini de' Rossi were afforded unprecedented deference in academic debates and epitomized the increasing ability of women to influence public discourse. The Contest for Knowledge reveals how these four women used the methods and themes of their male counterparts to add their voices to the vigorous and prolific debate over the education of women during the eighteenth century. In the texts gathered here, the women discuss the issues they themselves thought most urgent for the equality of women in Italian society specifically and in European culture more broadly. Their thoughts on this important subject reveal how crucial the eighteenth century was in the long history of debates about women in the academy.

From Assessing to Conserving Biodiversity

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030109917
Total Pages : 455 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis From Assessing to Conserving Biodiversity by : Elena Casetta

Download or read book From Assessing to Conserving Biodiversity written by Elena Casetta and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-17 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book features essays written by philosophers, biologists, ecologists and conservation scientists facing the current biodiversity crisis. Despite increasing communication, accelerating policy and management responses, and notwithstanding improving ecosystem assessment and endangered species knowledge, conserving biodiversity continues to be more a concern than an accomplished task. Why is it so?The overexploitation of natural resources by our species is a frequently recognised factor, while the short-term economic interests of governments and stakeholders typically clash with the burdens that implementing conservation actions imply. But this is not the whole story. This book develops a different perspective on the problem by exploring the conceptual challenges and practical defiance posed by conserving biodiversity, namely: on the one hand, the difficulties in defining what biodiversity is and characterizing that “thing” to which the word ‘biodiversity’ refers to; on the other hand, the reasons why assessing biodiversity and putting in place effective conservation actions is arduous.

Bibliography of the History of Medicine

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 996 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Bibliography of the History of Medicine by :

Download or read book Bibliography of the History of Medicine written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 996 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

History of Universities

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Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191573892
Total Pages : 412 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)

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Book Synopsis History of Universities by : Mordechai Feingold

Download or read book History of Universities written by Mordechai Feingold and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2009-10-29 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume XXIV of History of Universities contains the customary mix of learned articles, book reviews, and bibliographical information, which makes this publication such an indispensable tool for the historian of higher education. Its contributions range widely geographically, chronologically, and in subject-matter.

When Geologists Were Historians, 1665–1750

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Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 1501729616
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis When Geologists Were Historians, 1665–1750 by : Rhoda Rappaport

Download or read book When Geologists Were Historians, 1665–1750 written by Rhoda Rappaport and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2018-09-05 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "An essential perspective for those seeking a serious introduction to early geological science and a fundamental point of departure for future research.... No other book has this scope and conceptual focus."—Kenneth L. Taylor, University of OklahomaIn the years between 1665 and 1750, geology was a new kind of science, combining physical law with historical process. Rhoda Rappaport explains its novelty and provides a transnational account of the development of geological thinking. She begins with the establishment of formal institutions of international exchange, including the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London and the Journal des savants in Paris, and shows how new media fostered increasing communication among scientists, particularly in England, France, and Italy. Early geological thinking was thoroughly integrated with epistemology, historical and biblical scholarship, natural philosophy, and natural history. Ancient written documents supplemented what was called "physical conjecture," providing human witnesses to past events. How to combine elements of law, empirical observations, and texts posed serious problems in debates about the biblical flood, which Rappaport presents as a prime example of a well-attested historical event. Buffon argued forcefully that geology should be wholly a physical science and that historical texts were irrelevant to the reconstruction of physical processes. Rappaport explains how his contemporaries responded to this novel proposal and how Buffon heralded the end of an era.

Textbook-Atlas of Intestinal Infections in AIDS

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Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 8847020913
Total Pages : 504 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Textbook-Atlas of Intestinal Infections in AIDS by : Daniele Dionisio

Download or read book Textbook-Atlas of Intestinal Infections in AIDS written by Daniele Dionisio and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book represents an international collaborative work focused on the current challenges of AIDS-related intestinal infections in the worldwide scenario. The unique problems of developing countries, the epidemiological and immunological aspects, the risks for immunodeficient travellers and the reservoirs and ways of transmission from animal to man are all equally considered, as are the diagnostic advances and the changing patterns of prophylaxis and treatment. Moreover, the etiological and clinical aspects and the histologic and electron microscopic features of biopsy samples are reported. Furthermore, notes on intestinal parasitoses in the past centuries with emphasis on disadvantaged people, and worldwide trends and perspectives are also included as a link between the past and the future. This volume is expected to fill a gap in the medical literature, provide the latest information on therapeutic advances, provide an exhaustive series of light and electron microscopy micrographs and illustrations, contribute to the educational programs in developing countries, and gain international approval as a reference book for problems arising in clinical and laboratory practice, and as a text book for medical and graduate students.

Malpractice and Medical Liability

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642358314
Total Pages : 374 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (423 download)

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Book Synopsis Malpractice and Medical Liability by : Santo Davide Ferrara

Download or read book Malpractice and Medical Liability written by Santo Davide Ferrara and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-11 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Medical responsibility lawsuits have become a fact of life in every physician’s medical practice. However, there is evidence that physicians are increasingly practising defensive medicine, ordering more tests than may be necessary and avoiding patients with complicated conditions. The modern practice of medicine is increasingly complicated by factors beyond the traditional realm of patient care, including novel technologies, loss of physician autonomy, and economic pressures. A continuing and significant issue affecting physicians and the healthcare system is malpractice. In the latter half of the 20th century, there was a major change in the attitude of the public towards the medical profession. People were made aware of the huge advances in medical technology, because health problems increasingly tended to attract media interest and wide publicity. Medicine is a victim of its own success in this respect, and people are now led to expect the latest techniques and perfect outcomes on all occasions. This burst of technology and hyper-specialization in many fields of medicine means that each malpractice claim is transformed into a scientific challenge, requiring specific preparation in analysis and judgment of the clinical case in question. The role of legal medicine becomes more and more peculiar in this judicial setting, often giving rise to erroneous interpretations and hasty scientific verdicts, but guidelines on the methodology of ascertainments and criteria of evaluation are lacking all over the world.The aim of this volume is to clarify the steps required for sequential in-depth analysis of events and consequences of medical actions, in order to verify whether, in the presence of damage, errors or non-observance of rules of conduct by health personnel exist, and which causal values and links of their hypothetical misconduct are involved.​

Studies on Eighteenth-Century Geology

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Author :
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000942414
Total Pages : 366 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Studies on Eighteenth-Century Geology by : Rhoda Rappaport

Download or read book Studies on Eighteenth-Century Geology written by Rhoda Rappaport and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-04-21 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a scholarly career spanning five decades, Rhoda Rappaport published perceptive analyses of science in the culture of early Modern Europe, France in particular, with strong emphasis on geology's early development. Of the sixteen papers in this volume, most focus on aspects of geology's cultivation during the 'long' 18th century, from the times of Hooke, Leibniz, and Fontenelle to those of Lavoisier, Werner, and Cuvier. Among the topics most closely treated here are the French mineralogical mapping project initiated by Guettard; contemporary efforts to interpret the earth historically (such as through Noah's Flood); and difficulties presented by the vocabulary often used in traditional histories of geology. Much of Rappaport's research addressed two problems prevalent within 18th-century earth science: the proper understanding of petrifactions, or fossil objects; and struggles to establish reliable knowledge of the earth's past. She also examined the chemistry of G.-F. Rouelle, which she saw as effectively an attempt at systematic comprehension of the entire mineral realm; trans-national features of scientific pursuits as illustrated in the careers of the naturalist Vallisneri and the mineralogist (and philosophe) d'Holbach; and aspects of science's promotion in France through government patronage and academic privilege.

Human and Animal Cognition in Early Modern Philosophy and Medicine

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Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Press
ISBN 13 : 0822982374
Total Pages : 338 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (229 download)

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Book Synopsis Human and Animal Cognition in Early Modern Philosophy and Medicine by : Stefanie Buchenau

Download or read book Human and Animal Cognition in Early Modern Philosophy and Medicine written by Stefanie Buchenau and published by University of Pittsburgh Press. This book was released on 2018-10-26 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the sixteenth to the eighteenth century, new anatomical investigations of the brain and the nervous system, together with a renewed interest in comparative anatomy, allowed doctors and philosophers to ground their theories on sense perception, the emergence of human intelligence, and the soul/body relationship in modern science. They investigated the anatomical structures and the physiological processes underlying the rise, differentiation, and articulation of human cognitive activities, and looked for the "anatomical roots" of the specificity of human intelligence when compared to other forms of animal sensibility. This edited volume focuses on medical and philosophical debates on human intelligence and animal perception in the early modern age, providing fresh insights into the influence of medical discourse on the rise of modern philosophical anthropology. Contributions from distinguished historians of philosophy and medicine focus on sixteenth-century zoological, psychological, and embryological discourses on man; the impact of mechanism and comparative anatomy on philosophical conceptions of body and soul; and the key status of sensibility in the medical and philosophical enlightenment.

Pious Postmortems

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Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
ISBN 13 : 0812249577
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (122 download)

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Book Synopsis Pious Postmortems by : Bradford Bouley

Download or read book Pious Postmortems written by Bradford Bouley and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2017-10-05 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Pious Postmortems, Bradford A. Bouley considers the examinations performed on reputedly holy corpses in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries at the request of the Catholic Church. Bouley concludes that neither religious nor scientific truths were self-evident but rather negotiated through a complex array of local and broader interests.

Casanova in the Enlightenment

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Publisher : University of Toronto Press
ISBN 13 : 1487534582
Total Pages : 187 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (875 download)

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Book Synopsis Casanova in the Enlightenment by : Malina Stefanovska

Download or read book Casanova in the Enlightenment written by Malina Stefanovska and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 2020-12-07 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Illuminating the legend that Giacomo Casanova singlehandedly created in his famous – and at times infamous – autobiography, The History of My Life, this book provides a timely reassessment of Casanova’s role and importance as an author of the European Enlightenment. From the margins of libertine authorship where he has been traditionally relegated, the various essays in this collection reposition Casanova at the heart of Enlightenment debates on medicine, sociability, gender, and writing. Based on new scholarship, this reappraisal of a key Enlightenment figure explores the period’s fascination with ethnography, its scientific societies, and its understanding of gender, medicine, and women. Casanova is here finally granted his rightful place in cultural and literary history, a place which explains his enduring yet controversial reputation as a figure of seduction and adventure.