Antiseptic and Germicides—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition

Download Antiseptic and Germicides—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : ScholarlyEditions
ISBN 13 : 1481616153
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (816 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Antiseptic and Germicides—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition by :

Download or read book Antiseptic and Germicides—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2012-12-26 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Antiseptic and Germicides—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition is a ScholarlyBrief™ that delivers timely, authoritative, comprehensive, and specialized information about Antiseptic and Germicides in a concise format. The editors have built Antiseptic and Germicides—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Antiseptic and Germicides in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Antiseptic and Germicides—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Antiseptic and Germicides: Advances in Research and Application: 2011 Edition

Download Antiseptic and Germicides: Advances in Research and Application: 2011 Edition PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : ScholarlyEditions
ISBN 13 : 1464951772
Total Pages : 25 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (649 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Antiseptic and Germicides: Advances in Research and Application: 2011 Edition by :

Download or read book Antiseptic and Germicides: Advances in Research and Application: 2011 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2012-01-09 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Antiseptic and Germicides: Advances in Research and Application: 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyPaper™ that delivers timely, authoritative, and intensively focused information about Antiseptic and Germicides in a compact format. The editors have built Antiseptic and Germicides: Advances in Research and Application: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Antiseptic and Germicides in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Antiseptic and Germicides: Advances in Research and Application: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Sulfur Acids—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition

Download Sulfur Acids—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : ScholarlyEditions
ISBN 13 : 1490104941
Total Pages : 572 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Sulfur Acids—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition by :

Download or read book Sulfur Acids—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2013-05-01 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sulfur Acids—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ book that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Sulfinic Acids. The editors have built Sulfur Acids—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Sulfinic Acids in this book to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Sulfur Acids—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Peroxides—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition

Download Peroxides—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : ScholarlyEditions
ISBN 13 : 1481691112
Total Pages : 691 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (816 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Peroxides—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition by :

Download or read book Peroxides—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2013-06-21 with total page 691 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Peroxides—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ book that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Hydrogen Peroxide. The editors have built Peroxides—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Hydrogen Peroxide in this book to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Peroxides—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Spores—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition

Download Spores—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : ScholarlyEditions
ISBN 13 : 1490104739
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Spores—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition by :

Download or read book Spores—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2013-05-01 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spores—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition is a ScholarlyPaper™ that delivers timely, authoritative, and intensively focused information about ZZZAdditional Research in a compact format. The editors have built Spores—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about ZZZAdditional Research in this book to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Spores—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Biguanides—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition

Download Biguanides—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : ScholarlyEditions
ISBN 13 : 1481673459
Total Pages : 138 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (816 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Biguanides—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition by :

Download or read book Biguanides—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2013-06-21 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biguanides—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition is a ScholarlyBrief™ that delivers timely, authoritative, comprehensive, and specialized information about Chlorhexidine in a concise format. The editors have built Biguanides—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Chlorhexidine in this book to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Biguanides—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Microbes In Applied Research: Current Advances And Challenges

Download Microbes In Applied Research: Current Advances And Challenges PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9814405051
Total Pages : 694 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (144 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Microbes In Applied Research: Current Advances And Challenges by : Antonio Mendez-vilas

Download or read book Microbes In Applied Research: Current Advances And Challenges written by Antonio Mendez-vilas and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2012-06-21 with total page 694 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers the latest scientific research on applied microbiology presented at the IV International Conference on Environmental, Industrial and Applied Microbiology (BioMicroWorld2011) held in Spain in 2011. A wide-ranging set of topics including agriculture, environmental, food, industrial and medical microbiology makes this book interesting not only for microbiologists, but also for anyone who likes to keep up with cutting-edge research in microbiology and microbial biotechnology.Readers will find a major collection of knowledge, approaches, methods and discussions on the latest advances and challenges in applied microbiology in a compilation of 136 chapters written by active researchers in the field from around the world.The topics covered in this single volume include biodegradation of pollutants, water, soil and plant microorganisms, biosurfactants, antimicrobial natural products, antimicrobial susceptibility, antimicrobial resistance, human pathogens, food microorganisms, fermentation, biotechnologically relevant enzymes and proteins, microbial physiology, metabolism and gene expression mainly, although many other subjects are also discussed.

Global Gidelines for the Pevention of Surgical Site Infection

Download Global Gidelines for the Pevention of Surgical Site Infection PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789241549882
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (498 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Global Gidelines for the Pevention of Surgical Site Infection by : World Health Organization

Download or read book Global Gidelines for the Pevention of Surgical Site Infection written by World Health Organization and published by . This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surgical site infections are caused by bacteria that get in through incisions made during surgery. They threaten the lives of millions of patients each year and contribute to the spread of antibiotic resistance. In low- and middle-income countries, 11% of patients who undergo surgery are infected in the process. In Africa, up to 20% of women who have a caesarean section contract a wound infection, compromising their own health and their ability to care for their babies. But surgical site infections are not just a problem for poor countries. In the United States, they contribute to patients spending more than 400 000 extra days in hospital at a cost of an additional US $10 billion per year. No international evidence-based guidelines had previously been available before WHO launched its global guidelines on the prevention of surgical site infection on 3 November 2016, and there are inconsistencies in the interpretation of evidence and recommendations in existing national guidelines. These new WHO guidelines are valid for any country and suitable to local adaptations, and take account of the strength of available scientific evidence, the cost and resource implications, and patient values and preferences.

Materials Processing Technology II

Download Materials Processing Technology II PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Trans Tech Publications Ltd
ISBN 13 : 3038138614
Total Pages : 3366 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (381 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Materials Processing Technology II by : Lian Cheng Zhao

Download or read book Materials Processing Technology II written by Lian Cheng Zhao and published by Trans Tech Publications Ltd. This book was released on 2012-06-14 with total page 3366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Selected, peer reviewed papers from the 2nd International Conference on Advanced Engineering Materials and Technology (AEMT 2012), July 6-8, 2012, Zhuhai, China

Russell, Hugo & Ayliffe's Principles and Practice of Disinfection, Preservation and Sterilization

Download Russell, Hugo & Ayliffe's Principles and Practice of Disinfection, Preservation and Sterilization PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470755067
Total Pages : 691 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (77 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Russell, Hugo & Ayliffe's Principles and Practice of Disinfection, Preservation and Sterilization by : Adam P. Fraise

Download or read book Russell, Hugo & Ayliffe's Principles and Practice of Disinfection, Preservation and Sterilization written by Adam P. Fraise and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 691 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Highly respected, established text – a definitive reference in its field – covering in detail many methods of the elimination or prevention of microbial growth "highly recommended to hospital and research personnel, especially to clinical microbiologists, infectioncontrol and environmental-safety specialists, pharmacists, and dieticians." New England Journal of Medicine WHY BUY THIS BOOK? Completely revised and updated to reflect the rapid pace of change in this area Updated material on new and emerging technologies, focusing on special problems in hospitals, dentistry and pharmaceutical practice Gives practical advise on problems of disinfection and antiseptics in hospitals Discusses increasing problems of natural and acquired resistance to antibiotics New contributors give a fresh approach to the subject and ensure international coverage Systematic review of sterilization methods, with uses and advantages outlined for each Evaluation of disinfectants and their mechanisms of action

Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals

Download Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309154006
Total Pages : 246 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals by : National Research Council

Download or read book Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-01-27 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A respected resource for decades, the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals has been updated by a committee of experts, taking into consideration input from the scientific and laboratory animal communities and the public at large. The Guide incorporates new scientific information on common laboratory animals, including aquatic species, and includes extensive references. It is organized around major components of animal use: Key concepts of animal care and use. The Guide sets the framework for the humane care and use of laboratory animals. Animal care and use program. The Guide discusses the concept of a broad Program of Animal Care and Use, including roles and responsibilities of the Institutional Official, Attending Veterinarian and the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Animal environment, husbandry, and management. A chapter on this topic is now divided into sections on terrestrial and aquatic animals and provides recommendations for housing and environment, husbandry, behavioral and population management, and more. Veterinary care. The Guide discusses veterinary care and the responsibilities of the Attending Veterinarian. It includes recommendations on animal procurement and transportation, preventive medicine (including animal biosecurity), and clinical care and management. The Guide addresses distress and pain recognition and relief, and issues surrounding euthanasia. Physical plant. The Guide identifies design issues, providing construction guidelines for functional areas; considerations such as drainage, vibration and noise control, and environmental monitoring; and specialized facilities for animal housing and research needs. The Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals provides a framework for the judgments required in the management of animal facilities. This updated and expanded resource of proven value will be important to scientists and researchers, veterinarians, animal care personnel, facilities managers, institutional administrators, policy makers involved in research issues, and animal welfare advocates.

Advances in Polymer Nanocomposites

Download Advances in Polymer Nanocomposites PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0857096249
Total Pages : 670 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (57 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Advances in Polymer Nanocomposites by : Fengge Gao

Download or read book Advances in Polymer Nanocomposites written by Fengge Gao and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-10-19 with total page 670 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The addition of nanoparticles to polymer composites has led to a new generation of composite materials with enhanced and novel properties. Advances in polymer nanocomposites reviews the main types of polymer nanocomposites and their applications.Part one reviews types of polymer nanocomposites according to fillers. Processing of carbon nanotube-based nanocomposites, layered double hydroxides (LDHs) and cellulose nanoparticles as functional fillers and reinforcement are discussed, alongside calcium carbonate and metal-polymer nanocomposites. Part two focuses on types of polymer nanocomposites according to matrix polymer, with polyolefin-based, (PVC)-based, nylon-based, (PET)-based and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)-based polymer nanocomposites discussed. Soft, gel and biodegradable polymer nanocomposites are also considered. Part three goes on to investigate key applications, including fuel cells, aerospace applications, optical applications, coatings and flame-retardant polymer nanocomposites.With its distinguished editor and international team of expert contributors, Advances in polymer nanocomposites is an essential guide for professionals and academics involved in all aspects of the design, development and application of polymer nanocomposites. - Reviews the main types of polymer nanocomposites and their applications - Discusses processing of carbon nanotube-based nanocomposites, layered double hydroxides (LDHs) and cellulose nanoparticles as functional fillers and reinforcement - Discusses polyolefin-based, (PVC)-based, nylon-based, (PET)-based and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)-based polymer nanocomposites

Nanostructures for Antimicrobial Therapy

Download Nanostructures for Antimicrobial Therapy PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0323461514
Total Pages : 724 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (234 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Nanostructures for Antimicrobial Therapy by : Anton Ficai

Download or read book Nanostructures for Antimicrobial Therapy written by Anton Ficai and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-05-29 with total page 724 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanostructures for Antimicrobial Therapy discusses the pros and cons of the use of nanostructured materials in the prevention and eradication of infections, highlighting the efficient microbicidal effect of nanoparticles against antibiotic-resistant pathogens and biofilms. Conventional antibiotics are becoming ineffective towards microorganisms due to their widespread and often inappropriate use. As a result, the development of antibiotic resistance in microorganisms is increasingly being reported. New approaches are needed to confront the rising issues related to infectious diseases. The merging of biomaterials, such as chitosan, carrageenan, gelatin, poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) with nanotechnology provides a promising platform for antimicrobial therapy as it provides a controlled way to target cells and induce the desired response without the adverse effects common to many traditional treatments. Nanoparticles represent one of the most promising therapeutic treatments to the problem caused by infectious micro-organisms resistant to traditional therapies. This volume discusses this promise in detail, and also discusses what challenges the greater use of nanoparticles might pose to medical professionals. The unique physiochemical properties of nanoparticles, combined with their growth inhibitory capacity against microbes has led to the upsurge in the research on nanoparticles as antimicrobials. The importance of bactericidal nanobiomaterials study will likely increase as development of resistant strains of bacteria against most potent antibiotics continues. - Shows how nanoantibiotics can be used to more effectively treat disease - Discusses the advantages and issues of a variety of different nanoantibiotics, enabling medics to select which best meets their needs - Provides a cogent summary of recent developments in this field, allowing readers to quickly familiarize themselves with this topic area

Microbes in Applied Research

Download Microbes in Applied Research PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9814405035
Total Pages : 694 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (144 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Microbes in Applied Research by : Antonio Mendex-Vilas

Download or read book Microbes in Applied Research written by Antonio Mendex-Vilas and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2012 with total page 694 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book offers the latest scientific research on applied microbiology ... The topics covered in this single volume include biodegradation of pollutants, water, soil and plant microorganisms, biosurfactants, antimicrobial natural products, antimicrobial susceptibility, antimicrobial resistance, human pathogens, food microorganisms, fermentation, biotechnologically relevant enzymes and proteins, microbial physiology, metabolism and gene expression ..."--Page 4 of cover.

Recent Advances in Microbial Degradation

Download Recent Advances in Microbial Degradation PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811605181
Total Pages : 483 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (116 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Recent Advances in Microbial Degradation by : . Inamuddin

Download or read book Recent Advances in Microbial Degradation written by . Inamuddin and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-07-07 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbes play a major role in the degradation of various pollutants. Therefore, microbes find potential application in the area of energy and environmental technology. The book provides in-depth literature on the topics of environmental and industrial importance. It is compiled to explore the application of microbe used in the degradation of aflatoxin, polymers, biomass into fuel, disinfectants, food products, xenobiotic compounds, lipids, steroids, organic pollutants, proteins, oil waste, and wastewater pollutants. This book will be of interest to teachers, researchers, scientists, and capacity builders. Also, the book serves as additional reading material for undergraduate and graduate students of microbiology and environmental sciences. National and international remediation and restoration scientists, policymakers will also find this to be a useful read.

Caring for People who Sniff Petrol Or Other Volatile Substances

Download Caring for People who Sniff Petrol Or Other Volatile Substances PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781864965223
Total Pages : 33 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (652 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Caring for People who Sniff Petrol Or Other Volatile Substances by : National Health and Medical Research Council (Australia)

Download or read book Caring for People who Sniff Petrol Or Other Volatile Substances written by National Health and Medical Research Council (Australia) and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These guidelines provide recommendations that outline the critical aspects of infection prevention and control. The recommendations were developed using the best available evidence and consensus methods by the Infection Control Steering Committee. They have been prioritised as key areas to prevent and control infection in a healthcare facility. It is recognised that the level of risk may differ according to the different types of facility and therefore some recommendations should be justified by risk assessment. When implementing these recommendations all healthcare facilities need to consider the risk of transmission of infection and implement according to their specific setting and circumstances.

Russell, Hugo and Ayliffe's Principles and Practice of Disinfection, Preservation and Sterilization

Download Russell, Hugo and Ayliffe's Principles and Practice of Disinfection, Preservation and Sterilization PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1444333259
Total Pages : 626 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (443 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Russell, Hugo and Ayliffe's Principles and Practice of Disinfection, Preservation and Sterilization by : Adam P. Fraise

Download or read book Russell, Hugo and Ayliffe's Principles and Practice of Disinfection, Preservation and Sterilization written by Adam P. Fraise and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-02-18 with total page 626 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new edition of this established and highly respected text is THE definitive reference in its field. It details methods for the elimination or prevention/control of microbial growth, and features: New chapters on bioterrorism and community healthcare New chapters on microbicide regulations in the EU, USA and Canada Latest material on microbial resistance to microbicides Updated material on new and emerging technologies, focusing on special problems in hospitals, dentistry and pharmaceutical practice Practical advice on problems of disinfection and antiseptics in healthcare A systematic review of sterilization methods, with uses and advantages outlined for each Evaluation of disinfectants and their mechanisms of action with respect to current regulations The differences between European and North American regulations are highlighted throughout, making this a truly global work, ideal for worldwide healthcare professionals working in infectious diseases and infection control.