Anti Infective Research And Development Updates On Infection Mechanisms And Treatments

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Anti-infective Research and Development: Updates on Infection Mechanisms and Treatments

Author : Gloria G. Guerrero Manriquez
Publisher : Bentham Science Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9811469563
Total Pages : 206 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (114 download)

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Book Synopsis Anti-infective Research and Development: Updates on Infection Mechanisms and Treatments by : Gloria G. Guerrero Manriquez

Download or read book Anti-infective Research and Development: Updates on Infection Mechanisms and Treatments written by Gloria G. Guerrero Manriquez and published by Bentham Science Publishers. This book was released on 2020-10-19 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume of Frontiers in Anti-Infective Agents provides updates on the most recent studies about anti-infective agents, their mechanism of action, the relevant molecular targets and their implication in the development of novel antibiotics that have properties similar to their corresponding compounds of natural origin. The initial chapter covers the mode of action of natural antimycobacterial compounds such as nordihydroguaiaretic acid, α-mangostin and allicin, as well as antimicrobial peptides and their role in the innate and adaptive immune response leading to the decrease of microbial resistance. This is followed by updates on tuberculosis treatment concerning the immunological role of cells (airway epithelial cells, macrophages, neutrophils and T cells) along with their products (chemokines, cytokines) and other processes such as autophagy that influence the outcome of the host immune response to the infection. Contributors have also reviewed the latest knowledge in the cellular and molecular mechanisms that trigger a protective, immune response and the identification of the molecular targets for vaccine development, all of which are a key priority to develop control measures against Babesia species like Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina. Additionally, the neuro-endocrine and neuro-immune mechanisms behind host responses against stress and environmental stimuli during infections are also covered in separate chapters. The volume also provides updates related to Helicobacter pylori pathogenesis. The reviews presented in Anti-infective Research and Development provide timely updates for scholars and professionals associated with the field of antimicrobial research and development.

Treating Infectious Diseases in a Microbial World

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309180686
Total Pages : 102 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Treating Infectious Diseases in a Microbial World by : National Research Council

Download or read book Treating Infectious Diseases in a Microbial World written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-01-03 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Humans coexist with millions of harmless microorganisms, but emerging diseases, resistance to antibiotics, and the threat of bioterrorism are forcing scientists to look for new ways to confront the microbes that do pose a danger. This report identifies innovative approaches to the development of antimicrobial drugs and vaccines based on a greater understanding of how the human immune system interacts with both good and bad microbes. The report concludes that the development of a single superdrug to fight all infectious agents is unrealistic.

Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 6)

Author : King K. Holmes
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464805253
Total Pages : 1027 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 6) by : King K. Holmes

Download or read book Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 6) written by King K. Holmes and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2017-11-06 with total page 1027 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death globally, particularly among children and young adults. The spread of new pathogens and the threat of antimicrobial resistance pose particular challenges in combating these diseases. Major Infectious Diseases identifies feasible, cost-effective packages of interventions and strategies across delivery platforms to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS, other sexually transmitted infections, tuberculosis, malaria, adult febrile illness, viral hepatitis, and neglected tropical diseases. The volume emphasizes the need to effectively address emerging antimicrobial resistance, strengthen health systems, and increase access to care. The attainable goals are to reduce incidence, develop innovative approaches, and optimize existing tools in resource-constrained settings.

Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance

Author : Jun Lin
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889195260
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (891 download)

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Book Synopsis Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance by : Jun Lin

Download or read book Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance written by Jun Lin and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-06-01 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Antibiotics represent one of the most successful forms of therapy in medicine. But the efficiency of antibiotics is compromised by the growing number of antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Antibiotic resistance, which is implicated in elevated morbidity and mortality rates as well as in the increased treatment costs, is considered to be one of the major global public health threats (www.who.int/drugresistance/en/) and the magnitude of the problem recently prompted a number of international and national bodies to take actions to protect the public (http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/health_consumer/docs/road-map-amr_en.pdf: http://www.who.int/drugresistance/amr_global_action_plan/en/; http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/docs/carb_national_strategy.pdf). Understanding the mechanisms by which bacteria successfully defend themselves against the antibiotic assault represent the main theme of this eBook published as a Research Topic in Frontiers in Microbiology, section of Antimicrobials, Resistance, and Chemotherapy. The articles in the eBook update the reader on various aspects and mechanisms of antibiotic resistance. A better understanding of these mechanisms should facilitate the development of means to potentiate the efficacy and increase the lifespan of antibiotics while minimizing the emergence of antibiotic resistance among pathogens.

The Evolving Threat of Antimicrobial Resistance

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789241503181
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis The Evolving Threat of Antimicrobial Resistance by : World Health Organization

Download or read book The Evolving Threat of Antimicrobial Resistance written by World Health Organization and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Antibiotic resistance development is a natural process of adaption leading to a limited lifespan of antibiotics. Unnecessary and inappropriate use of antibiotics favours the emergence and spread of resistant bacteria. A crisis has been building up over decades, so that today common and life-threatening infections are becoming difficult or even impossible to treat. It is time to take much stronger action worldwide to avert an ever increasing health and economic burden. A new WHO publication "The evolving threat of antimicrobial resistance--Options for action" describes examples of policy activities that have addressed AMR in different parts of the world. The aim is to raise awareness and to stimulate further coordinated efforts.

Phage Therapy: Past, Present and Future

Author : Stephen T. Abedon
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889452514
Total Pages : 394 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (894 download)

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Book Synopsis Phage Therapy: Past, Present and Future by : Stephen T. Abedon

Download or read book Phage Therapy: Past, Present and Future written by Stephen T. Abedon and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-09-05 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historically, the first observation of a transmissible lytic agent that is specifically active against a bacterium (Bacillus anthracis) was by a Russian microbiologist Nikolay Gamaleya in 1898. At that time, however, it was too early to make a connection to another discovery made by Dmitri Ivanovsky in 1892 and Martinus Beijerinck in 1898 on a non-bacterial pathogen infecting tobacco plants. Thus the viral world was discovered in two of the three domains of life, and our current understanding is that viruses represent the most abundant biological entities on the planet. The potential of bacteriophages for infection treatment have been recognized after the discoveries by Frederick Twort and Felix d’Hérelle in 1915 and 1917. Subsequent phage therapy developments, however, have been overshadowed by the remarkable success of antibiotics in infection control and treatment, and phage therapy research and development persisted mostly in the former Soviet Union countries, Russia and Georgia, as well as in France and Poland. The dramatic rise of antibiotic resistance and especially of multi-drug resistance among human and animal bacterial pathogens, however, challenged the position of antibiotics as a single most important pillar for infection control and treatment. Thus there is a renewed interest in phage therapy as a possible additive/alternative therapy, especially for the infections that resist routine antibiotic treatment. The basis for the revival of phage therapy is affected by a number of issues that need to be resolved before it can enter the arena, which is traditionally reserved for antibiotics. Probably the most important is the regulatory issue: How should phage therapy be regulated? Similarly to drugs? Then the co-evolving nature of phage-bacterial host relationship will be a major hurdle for the production of consistent phage formulae. Or should we resort to the phage products such as lysins and the corresponding engineered versions in order to have accurate and consistent delivery doses? We still have very limited knowledge about the pharmacodynamics of phage therapy. More data, obtained in animal models, are necessary to evaluate the phage therapy efficiency compared, for example, to antibiotics. Another aspect is the safety of phage therapy. How do phages interact with the immune system and to what costs, or benefits? What are the risks, in the course of phage therapy, of transduction of undesirable properties such as virulence or antibiotic resistance genes? How frequent is the development of bacterial host resistance during phage therapy? Understanding these and many other aspects of phage therapy, basic and applied, is the main subject of this Topic.

Anti-infectives and the Lung

Author : Stefano Aliberti
Publisher : European Respiratory Society
ISBN 13 : 1849840849
Total Pages : 332 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (498 download)

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Book Synopsis Anti-infectives and the Lung by : Stefano Aliberti

Download or read book Anti-infectives and the Lung written by Stefano Aliberti and published by European Respiratory Society. This book was released on 2017-03-01 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Microbial Threats to Health

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309185548
Total Pages : 397 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Microbial Threats to Health by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Microbial Threats to Health written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-08-25 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Infectious diseases are a global hazard that puts every nation and every person at risk. The recent SARS outbreak is a prime example. Knowing neither geographic nor political borders, often arriving silently and lethally, microbial pathogens constitute a grave threat to the health of humans. Indeed, a majority of countries recently identified the spread of infectious disease as the greatest global problem they confront. Throughout history, humans have struggled to control both the causes and consequences of infectious diseases and we will continue to do so into the foreseeable future. Following up on a high-profile 1992 report from the Institute of Medicine, Microbial Threats to Health examines the current state of knowledge and policy pertaining to emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases from around the globe. It examines the spectrum of microbial threats, factors in disease emergence, and the ultimate capacity of the United States to meet the challenges posed by microbial threats to human health. From the impact of war or technology on disease emergence to the development of enhanced disease surveillance and vaccine strategies, Microbial Threats to Health contains valuable information for researchers, students, health care providers, policymakers, public health officials. and the interested public.

Field Trials of Health Interventions

Author : Peter G. Smith
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 0198732864
Total Pages : 479 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis Field Trials of Health Interventions by : Peter G. Smith

Download or read book Field Trials of Health Interventions written by Peter G. Smith and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC BY-NC 4.0 International licence. It is free to read at Oxford Scholarship Online and offered as a free PDF download from OUP and selected open access locations. Before new interventions are released into disease control programmes, it is essential that they are carefully evaluated in field trials'. These may be complex and expensive undertakings, requiring the follow-up of hundreds, or thousands, of individuals, often for long periods. Descriptions of the detailed procedures and methods used in the trials that have been conducted have rarely been published. A consequence of this, individuals planning such trials have few guidelines available and little access to knowledge accumulated previously, other than their own. In this manual, practical issues in trial design and conduct are discussed fully and in sufficient detail, that Field Trials of Health Interventions may be used as a toolbox' by field investigators. It has been compiled by an international group of over 30 authors with direct experience in the design, conduct, and analysis of field trials in low and middle income countries and is based on their accumulated knowledge and experience. Available as an open access book via Oxford Medicine Online, this new edition is a comprehensive revision, incorporating the new developments that have taken place in recent years with respect to trials, including seven new chapters on subjects ranging from trial governance, and preliminary studies to pilot testing.

Patient Safety and Quality

Author : Ronda Hughes
Publisher : Department of Health and Human Services
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 592 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Patient Safety and Quality by : Ronda Hughes

Download or read book Patient Safety and Quality written by Ronda Hughes and published by Department of Health and Human Services. This book was released on 2008 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Nurses play a vital role in improving the safety and quality of patient car -- not only in the hospital or ambulatory treatment facility, but also of community-based care and the care performed by family members. Nurses need know what proven techniques and interventions they can use to enhance patient outcomes. To address this need, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), with additional funding from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, has prepared this comprehensive, 1,400-page, handbook for nurses on patient safety and quality -- Patient Safety and Quality: An Evidence-Based Handbook for Nurses. (AHRQ Publication No. 08-0043)." - online AHRQ blurb, http://www.ahrq.gov/qual/nurseshdbk/

Treating Infectious Diseases in a Microbial World

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309100569
Total Pages : 102 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Treating Infectious Diseases in a Microbial World by : National Research Council

Download or read book Treating Infectious Diseases in a Microbial World written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-02-03 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Humans coexist with millions of harmless microorganisms, but emerging diseases, resistance to antibiotics, and the threat of bioterrorism are forcing scientists to look for new ways to confront the microbes that do pose a danger. This report identifies innovative approaches to the development of antimicrobial drugs and vaccines based on a greater understanding of how the human immune system interacts with both good and bad microbes. The report concludes that the development of a single superdrug to fight all infectious agents is unrealistic.

Antimicrobial Resistance

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789241564748
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (647 download)

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Book Synopsis Antimicrobial Resistance by : World Health Organization

Download or read book Antimicrobial Resistance written by World Health Organization and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Summary report published as technical document with reference number: WHO/HSE/PED/AIP/2014.2.

Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research: Anti-Infectives

Author : Atta-ur-Rahman
Publisher : Bentham Science Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1681081539
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (81 download)

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Book Synopsis Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research: Anti-Infectives by : Atta-ur-Rahman

Download or read book Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research: Anti-Infectives written by Atta-ur-Rahman and published by Bentham Science Publishers. This book was released on 2016-09-02 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research – Anti infectives is an eBook series that brings updated reviews to readers interested in learning about advances in the development of pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of infectious diseases. The scope of the eBook series covers a range of topics including the chemistry, pharmacology, molecular biology and biochemistry of natural and synthetic drugs employed in the treatment of infectious diseases. Reviews in this series also include research on multi drug resistance and pre-clinical / clinical findings on novel antibiotics, vaccines, antifungal agents and antitubercular agents. Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research – Anti infectives is a valuable resource for pharmaceutical scientists and postgraduate students seeking updated and critically important information for developing clinical trials and devising research plans in the field of anti-infective drug discovery and epidemiology. The second volume of this series features reviews that cover a variety of topics including: -Identification of nosocomial pathogens and antimicrobials using phenotypic techniques -Topical antimicrobials -Anti-infective drug safety -Antimicrobial resistance … and much more.

Frontiers in Anti-Infective Agents: Volume 6

Author : Parvesh Singh
Publisher : Bentham Science Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9814998435
Total Pages : 194 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (149 download)

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Book Synopsis Frontiers in Anti-Infective Agents: Volume 6 by : Parvesh Singh

Download or read book Frontiers in Anti-Infective Agents: Volume 6 written by Parvesh Singh and published by Bentham Science Publishers. This book was released on 2021-11-17 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anti-infective agents are a distinct class of pharmacologically important molecules that have served mankind in different capacities to combat life-threatening pathological conditions. They include antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antituberculosis, antimalarial, and urinary anti-infective agents. However, evolutionary changes, adaptations, and the development of new strains of pathogenic microorganisms have reduced the therapeutic efficacy of existing drugs, thus, limiting their clinical utility over the years. Frontiers in Anti-Infective Agents Volume 6 is a collection of notable research efforts, successful anti-infective drug development programs, and a comprehensive overview of successful and unsuccessful clinical trials conducted in this domain. This volume continues from the last one with interesting reviews on 1) “Reverse Vaccinology” for vaccination design using computational data to identify vaccine targets, 2) leptospirosis, 3) phage therapy for bacterial infections, 4) quorum sensing inhibitors from natural products, and 5) nitrogen and oxygen-based heterocyclic compounds that can act as anti-infective agents. The volume, therefore, covers a range of frontier topics on anti-infective research and development. This compilation is a timely reference for postgraduate scholars and researchers seeking updates in specific areas of anti-infective drug development. Allied healthcare professionals (clinical and public healthcare professionals) can also benefit from the information presented within.

The Oxford Handbook of Intellectual Property Law

Author : Rochelle Cooper Dreyfuss
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198758456
Total Pages : 1025 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Intellectual Property Law by : Rochelle Cooper Dreyfuss

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Intellectual Property Law written by Rochelle Cooper Dreyfuss and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 1025 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive overview of intellectual property law, this handbook will be a vital read for all invested in the field of IP law. Topics include the foundations of IP law; its emergence and development in various jurisdictions; its rules and principles; and current issues arising from the existence and operation of IP law in a political economy.

Silver in Healthcare

Author : Alan B. G. Lansdown
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN 13 : 1849731799
Total Pages : 275 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (497 download)

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Book Synopsis Silver in Healthcare by : Alan B. G. Lansdown

Download or read book Silver in Healthcare written by Alan B. G. Lansdown and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2010-05-07 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Silver in healthcare has many different facets and since the early concepts of microbiology of the 1880's, has been developed from usage in surgical clips, staples, foil wound dressings and surgical implants, to the widespread and clinically effective antiseptic wound dressings, sutures, catheters, bone and dental implants, and cardiovascular devices of today. From the dawn of human civilisation, silver has had a role of water purification and even now has a role in hospital water systems for control of MRSA and legionnaires disease. Biotechnological advances in recent years have extended the antimicrobial properties of silver into production of hygiene textiles and use in domestic products. Important advances have been made in understanding mechanisms of antimicrobial action of silver, the central importance of ionisation patterns in the presence of body fluids and secretion, and the genetical and molecular profiles of silver resistance. This publication is a comprehensive account of the history of silver in medicine, its clinical benefits and wide advantages as a broad spectrum antimicrobial agent. It is clear from the extensive array of publications in recognised and unofficial press, that many misconceptions and misleading conceptions have been perpetuated, leading to errors in evaluation of the safety of the metal in occupational, domestic and therapeutic situations. The book is unique in that it is the only comprehensive presentation of the toxicology of silver and it identifies the major misconceptions in the safety of silver and interpretation of argyria and argyrosis as central features of silver toxicity. In this book, Dr Lansdown reviews the literature from a clinical and experimental viewpoint, with the benefit of his many years research on silver and experience gained in working with clinicians, healthcare product manufacturers and microbiologists. There is also discussion in the book on the relevance of antimicrobial resistance to silver and deficiencies in present day clinical practice in not evaluating incidences of resistance on a routine basis. The subject matter is presented in a readable fashion and includes reference to use of the metal in such practices as acupuncture and treatment of tropical diseases as practised in some parts of the world, each of which is accompanied by special clinical risk. It is also a collation of current views on the use and efficacy of silver as a broad spectrum antibiotic. The chapters which deal specifically with toxicological aspects of silver in clinical, occupational and environmental issues are central to the book's value. The book is aimed at clinicians, research scientists and product manufacturers and will provide ideas for new research and academic endeavour. It is also essential reading for research students with an interest in metal toxicity and its management in mammalian tissues.

New anti-infective strategies for treatment of tularemia

Author : Max Maurin
Publisher : Frontiers E-books
ISBN 13 : 288919339X
Total Pages : 79 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (891 download)

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Book Synopsis New anti-infective strategies for treatment of tularemia by : Max Maurin

Download or read book New anti-infective strategies for treatment of tularemia written by Max Maurin and published by Frontiers E-books. This book was released on 2014-11-21 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Francisella tularensis, the causative agent of tularemia, is a paradigm among human pathogens. This Gram-negative bacterium has an intracellular lifestyle, which probably reflects an adaptation to its natural animal and protozoa reservoirs. This is one of the most infectious agents in humans and animals; only a few bacteria are needed to induce a severe infection in both types of hosts. The clinical presentation and severity of human tularemia varies according to the portal of entry of bacteria, the bacterial inoculum, the virulence of the infecting strain, and the immune response of the host. Although most infections occur after direct inoculation of bacteria through the skin (through skin wounds or bites of arthropods), pneumonia due to inhalation of infected aerosols is the most feared of the clinical forms of the disease, particularly in the context of biological threat. Two subspecies are responsible for tularemia (subsp. tularensis and subsp. holarctica), and several clades have been described for each, which might be associated with changes in disease severity in humans. Tularemia is also more severe in people with an impaired immune response. No safe vaccine is currently available for prophylaxis of tularemia in humans. On the other hand, control of proliferation of F. tularensis in wildlife is not feasible. Thus, only the anti-infective agents are used for treatment and prophylaxis of human tularemia. The standard options include aminoglycosides (gentamicin), tetracyclines (eg, doxycycline) and fluoroquinolones (eg, ciprofloxacin). The selection of acquired resistance to these antibiotics in F. tularensis, especially in the context of a biological threat, may quickly limit the therapeutic options. New prophylactic and therapeutic alternatives must be developed rapidly. The present Research Topic focuses on potential new strategies for treatment of tularemia, including the development and evaluation of new compounds having proper antibacterial activity, reducing the virulence of F. tularensis or enhancing the immune host response.