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Anatomy And Plasticity In Large Scale Brain Models
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Book Synopsis Anatomy and Plasticity in Large-Scale Brain Models by : Markus Butz
Download or read book Anatomy and Plasticity in Large-Scale Brain Models written by Markus Butz and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-01-05 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supercomputing facilities are becoming increasingly available for simulating activity dynamics in large-scale neuronal networks. On today's most advanced supercomputers, networks with up to a billion of neurons can be readily simulated. However, building biologically realistic, full-scale brain models requires more than just a huge number of neurons. In addition to network size, the detailed local and global anatomy of neuronal connections is of crucial importance. Moreover, anatomical connectivity is not fixed, but can rewire throughout life (structural plasticity)—an aspect that is missing in most current network models, in which plasticity is confined to changes in synaptic strength (synaptic plasticity). The papers in this Ebook, which may broadly be divided into three themes, aim to bring together high-performance computing with recent experimental and computational research in neuroanatomy. In the first theme (fiber connectivity), new methods are described for measuring and data-basing microscopic and macroscopic connectivity. In the second theme (structural plasticity), novel models are introduced that incorporate morphological plasticity and rewiring of anatomical connections. In the third theme (large-scale simulations), simulations of large-scale neuronal networks are presented with an emphasis on anatomical detail and plasticity mechanisms. Together, the articles in this Ebook make the reader aware of the methods and models by which large-scale brain networks running on supercomputers can be extended to include anatomical detail and plasticity.
Book Synopsis Computational Psychiatry by : Alan Anticevic
Download or read book Computational Psychiatry written by Alan Anticevic and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-09-19 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computational Psychiatry: Mathematical Modeling of Mental Illness is the first systematic effort to bring together leading scholars in the fields of psychiatry and computational neuroscience who have conducted the most impactful research and scholarship in this area. It includes an introduction outlining the challenges and opportunities facing the field of psychiatry that is followed by a detailed treatment of computational methods used in the service of understanding neuropsychiatric symptoms, improving diagnosis and guiding treatments. This book provides a vital resource for the clinical neuroscience community with an in-depth treatment of various computational neuroscience approaches geared towards understanding psychiatric phenomena. Its most valuable feature is a comprehensive survey of work from leaders in this field. - Offers an in-depth overview of the rapidly evolving field of computational psychiatry - Written for academics, researchers, advanced students and clinicians in the fields of computational neuroscience, clinical neuroscience, psychiatry, clinical psychology, neurology and cognitive neuroscience - Provides a comprehensive survey of work from leaders in this field and a presentation of a range of computational psychiatry methods and approaches geared towards a broad array of psychiatric problems
Book Synopsis Principles of Brain Dynamics by : Mikhail I. Rabinovich
Download or read book Principles of Brain Dynamics written by Mikhail I. Rabinovich and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2023-12-05 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experimental and theoretical approaches to global brain dynamics that draw on the latest research in the field. The consideration of time or dynamics is fundamental for all aspects of mental activity—perception, cognition, and emotion—because the main feature of brain activity is the continuous change of the underlying brain states even in a constant environment. The application of nonlinear dynamics to the study of brain activity began to flourish in the 1990s when combined with empirical observations from modern morphological and physiological observations. This book offers perspectives on brain dynamics that draw on the latest advances in research in the field. It includes contributions from both theoreticians and experimentalists, offering an eclectic treatment of fundamental issues. Topics addressed range from experimental and computational approaches to transient brain dynamics to the free-energy principle as a global brain theory. The book concludes with a short but rigorous guide to modern nonlinear dynamics and their application to neural dynamics.
Book Synopsis The Rewiring Brain by : Arjen van Ooyen
Download or read book The Rewiring Brain written by Arjen van Ooyen and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-06-23 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The adult brain is not as hard-wired as traditionally thought. By modifying their small- or large-scale morphology, neurons can make new synaptic connections or break existing ones (structural plasticity). Structural changes accompany memory formation and learning, and are induced by neurogenesis, neurodegeneration and brain injury such as stroke. Exploring the role of structural plasticity in the brain can be greatly assisted by mathematical and computational models, as they enable us to bridge the gap between system-level dynamics and lower level cellular and molecular processes. However, most traditional neural network models have fixed neuronal morphologies and a static connectivity pattern, with plasticity merely arising from changes in the strength of existing synapses (synaptic plasticity). In The Rewiring Brain, the editors bring together for the first time contemporary modeling studies that investigate the implications of structural plasticity for brain function and pathology. Starting with an experimental background on structural plasticity in the adult brain, the book covers computational studies on homeostatic structural plasticity, the impact of structural plasticity on cognition and cortical connectivity, the interaction between synaptic and structural plasticity, neurogenesis-related structural plasticity, and structural plasticity in neurological disorders. Structural plasticity adds a whole new dimension to brain plasticity, and The Rewiring Brain shows how computational approaches may help to gain a better understanding of the full adaptive potential of the adult brain. The book is written for both computational and experimental neuroscientists. - Reviews the current state of knowledge of structural plasticity in the adult brain - Gives a comprehensive overview of computational studies on structural plasticity - Provides insights into the potential driving forces of structural plasticity and the functional implications of structural plasticity for learning and memory - Serves as inspiration for developing novel treatment strategies for stimulating functional repair after brain damage
Book Synopsis The Cambridge Handbook of Successful Aging by : Rocío Fernández-Ballesteros
Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Successful Aging written by Rocío Fernández-Ballesteros and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-01-24 with total page 969 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent studies show that more people than ever before are reaching old age in better health and enjoying that health for a longer time. This Handbook outlines the latest discoveries in the study of aging from bio-medicine, psychology, and socio-demography. It treats the study of aging as a multidisciplinary scientific subject, since it requires the interplay of broad disciplines, while offering high motivation, positive attitudes, and behaviors for aging well, and lifestyle changes that will help people to stay healthier across life span and in old age. Written by leading scholars from various academic disciplines, the chapters delve into the most topical aspects of aging today - including biological mechanisms of aging, aging with health, active and productive aging, aging with satisfaction, aging with respect, and aging with dignity. Aimed at health professionals as well as general readers, this Cambridge Handbook offers a new, positive approach to later life.
Book Synopsis Discovering the Brain by : National Academy of Sciences
Download or read book Discovering the Brain written by National Academy of Sciences and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1992-01-01 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The brain ... There is no other part of the human anatomy that is so intriguing. How does it develop and function and why does it sometimes, tragically, degenerate? The answers are complex. In Discovering the Brain, science writer Sandra Ackerman cuts through the complexity to bring this vital topic to the public. The 1990s were declared the "Decade of the Brain" by former President Bush, and the neuroscience community responded with a host of new investigations and conferences. Discovering the Brain is based on the Institute of Medicine conference, Decade of the Brain: Frontiers in Neuroscience and Brain Research. Discovering the Brain is a "field guide" to the brainâ€"an easy-to-read discussion of the brain's physical structure and where functions such as language and music appreciation lie. Ackerman examines: How electrical and chemical signals are conveyed in the brain. The mechanisms by which we see, hear, think, and pay attentionâ€"and how a "gut feeling" actually originates in the brain. Learning and memory retention, including parallels to computer memory and what they might tell us about our own mental capacity. Development of the brain throughout the life span, with a look at the aging brain. Ackerman provides an enlightening chapter on the connection between the brain's physical condition and various mental disorders and notes what progress can realistically be made toward the prevention and treatment of stroke and other ailments. Finally, she explores the potential for major advances during the "Decade of the Brain," with a look at medical imaging techniquesâ€"what various technologies can and cannot tell usâ€"and how the public and private sectors can contribute to continued advances in neuroscience. This highly readable volume will provide the public and policymakersâ€"and many scientists as wellâ€"with a helpful guide to understanding the many discoveries that are sure to be announced throughout the "Decade of the Brain."
Book Synopsis Translational Research in Traumatic Brain Injury by : Daniel Laskowitz
Download or read book Translational Research in Traumatic Brain Injury written by Daniel Laskowitz and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-21 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a significant source of death and permanent disability, contributing to nearly one-third of all injury related deaths in the United States and exacting a profound personal and economic toll. Despite the increased resources that have recently been brought to bear to improve our understanding of TBI, the developme
Book Synopsis Heterogeneity of Function in Numerical Cognition by : Avishai Henik
Download or read book Heterogeneity of Function in Numerical Cognition written by Avishai Henik and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-05-17 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heterogeneity of Function in Numerical Cognition presents the latest updates on ongoing research and discussions regarding numerical cognition. With great individual differences in the development or function of numerical cognition at neuroanatomical, neuropsychological, behavioral, and interactional levels, these issues are important for the achievement of a comprehensive understanding of numerical cognition, hence its brain basis, development, breakdown in brain-injured individuals, and failures to master mathematical skills. These functions are essential for the proper development of numerical cognition. - Provides an innovative reference on the emerging field of numerical cognition and the branches that converge on this diverse cognitive domain - Includes an overview of the multiple disciplines that comprise numerical cognition - Focuses on factors that influence numerical cognition, such as language, executive attention, memory and spatial processing - Features an innovative organization with each section providing a general overview, developmental research, and evidence from neurocognitive studies
Book Synopsis Consciousness Genesis In Artificial Intelligence by : professor ibrahim elnoshokaty
Download or read book Consciousness Genesis In Artificial Intelligence written by professor ibrahim elnoshokaty and published by ibrahim elnoshokaty. This book was released on with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Consciousness Genesis In Artificial Intelligence" by Professor Ibrahim El Noshokaty, I can provide a preliminary review that outlines the structure and content captured within the initial pages available to me. Below is an overview based on the table of contents and some introductory text: Title: Consciousness Genesis In Artificial Intelligence Author: Professor Ibrahim El Noshokaty Overview: The academic work delves into the complex topic of artificial intelligence and its relation to human-like consciousness. It explores whether AI can be creative, how numerical data and programming languages can emulate human sensory experiences and emotions, and the potential implications of such advances. Chapters and Themes: Introduction and Fuzzy Logic System: Initiates the discussion with fundamental questions about AI creativity and creation, followed by the exposition of fuzzy logic systems. Existential Threat and AI in Hollywood: Examines AI's potential to disrupt industries such as Hollywood, the feasibility of generative AI in original content production, and copyright issues in AI outputs. Hierarchical Fuzzy Deep Learning: Discusses advanced AI techniques to enhance learning and decision making, addressing the concepts of consciousness and fuzzy logic in AI. Algorithms for Modern Fuzzy Logic Systems: Delves into the technical aspects of fuzzy logic systems and algorithms, highlighting methods for system optimization. Development of Conscience in AI: Contemplates the moral aspects and decision-making capabilities of AI systems, along with the incorporation of ethical considerations and human values. Artificial Cognition: Analyzes the notion of machine learning and cognition, transparency within AI mechanisms, and the ethical implications of artificial minds. Artificial Sensations: Explores the development of AI systems capable of mimicking human senses and responses, using advanced materials and devices. Artificial Brain: Concludes with an investigation into mimicking human brain function within AI systems and the potential capacity for AI to evolve with environmental interaction. The work appears to be an exploration of the frontier where technology meets human cognition, emotion, and ethical considerations. The book may offer expertise in several domains, including AI algorithms, deep learning, neuromorphic computing, and the philosophical implications of imbuing AI with aspects of human consciousness. The manuscript's purpose is likely to probe the theoretical boundaries of AI and its future potential, as well as to identify and confront some of the ethical dilemmas that arise as AI systems become increasingly sophisticated. This preliminary review only scratches the surface of what the book contains. For a full review, including critical analysis and conclusions, it would be necessary to read the document in its entirety. If you have any specific areas you'd like me to focus on or if there are particular chapters you want to examine in more detail, please let me know.
Book Synopsis Cognitive Plasticity in Neurologic Disorders by : Joseph I. Tracy
Download or read book Cognitive Plasticity in Neurologic Disorders written by Joseph I. Tracy and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2014-12-02 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume makes clear that the cognitive and behavioural symptoms of neurologic disorders and syndromes are dynamic and changing. Each chapter describes the neuroplastic processes at work in a particular condition, giving rise to these ongoing cognitive changes.
Book Synopsis Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Healthy and Diseased Brain Networks by : Yong He
Download or read book Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Healthy and Diseased Brain Networks written by Yong He and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-03-05 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An important aspect of neuroscience is to characterize the underlying connectivity patterns of the human brain (i.e., human connectomics). Over the past few years, researchers have demonstrated that by combining a variety of different neuroimaging technologies (e.g., structural MRI, diffusion MRI and functional MRI) with sophisticated analytic strategies such as graph theory, it is possible to noninvasively map the patterns of structural and functional connectivity of human whole-brain networks. With these novel approaches, many studies have shown that human brain networks have nonrandom properties such as modularity, small-worldness and highly connected hubs. Importantly, these quantifiable network properties change with age, learning and disease. Moreover, there is growing evidence for behavioral and genetic correlates. Network analysis of neuroimaging data is opening up a new avenue of research into the understanding of the organizational principles of the brain that will be of interest for all basic scientists and clinical researchers. Such approaches are powerful but there are a number of challenging issues when extracting reliable brain networks from various imaging modalities and analyzing the topological properties, e.g., definitions of network nodes and edges and reproducibility of network analysis. We assembled contributions related to the state-of-the-art methodologies of brain connectivity and the applications involving development, aging and neuropsychiatric disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, schizophrenia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and mood and anxiety disorders. It is anticipated that the articles in this Research Topic will provide a greater range and depth of provision for the field of imaging connectomics.
Book Synopsis Brain Plasticity and Behavior by : Bryan Kolb
Download or read book Brain Plasticity and Behavior written by Bryan Kolb and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1995 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 1995. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Book Synopsis Modeling in the Neurosciences by : G. N. Reeke
Download or read book Modeling in the Neurosciences written by G. N. Reeke and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-03-29 with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computational models of neural networks have proven insufficient to accurately model brain function, mainly as a result of simplifications that ignore the physical reality of neuronal structure in favor of mathematically tractable algorithms and rules. Even the more biologically based "integrate and fire" and "compartmental" styles of modeling suff
Book Synopsis Networks of the Brain by : Olaf Sporns
Download or read book Networks of the Brain written by Olaf Sporns and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2016-02-12 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An integrative overview of network approaches to neuroscience explores the origins of brain complexity and the link between brain structure and function. Over the last decade, the study of complex networks has expanded across diverse scientific fields. Increasingly, science is concerned with the structure, behavior, and evolution of complex systems ranging from cells to ecosystems. In Networks of the Brain, Olaf Sporns describes how the integrative nature of brain function can be illuminated from a complex network perspective. Highlighting the many emerging points of contact between neuroscience and network science, the book serves to introduce network theory to neuroscientists and neuroscience to those working on theoretical network models. Sporns emphasizes how networks connect levels of organization in the brain and how they link structure to function, offering an informal and nonmathematical treatment of the subject. Networks of the Brain provides a synthesis of the sciences of complex networks and the brain that will be an essential foundation for future research.
Book Synopsis Computational Neuroanatomy by : Giorgio A. Ascoli
Download or read book Computational Neuroanatomy written by Giorgio A. Ascoli and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2002-07-01 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Computational Neuroanatomy: Principles and Methods, the path-breaking investigators who founded the field review the principles and key techniques available to begin the creation of anatomically accurate and complete models of the brain. Combining the vast, data-rich field of anatomy with the computational power of novel hardware, software, and computer graphics, these pioneering investigators lead the reader from the subcellular details of dendritic branching and firing to system-level assemblies and models.
Book Synopsis Neural Organization by : Michael A. Arbib
Download or read book Neural Organization written by Michael A. Arbib and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Neural Organization, Arbib, Erdi, and Szentagothai integrate structural, functional, and dynamical approaches to the interaction of brain models and neurobiologcal experiments. Both structure-based "bottom-up" and function- based "top-down" models offer coherent concepts by which to evaluate the experimental data. The goal of this book is to point out the advantages of a multidisciplinary, multistrategied approach to the brain.Part I of Neural Organization provides a detailed introduction to each of the three areas of structure, function, and dynamics. Structure refers to the anatomical aspects of the brain and the relations between different brain regions. Function refers to skills and behaviors, which are explained by means of functional schemas and biologically based neural networks. Dynamics refers to the use of a mathematical framework to analyze the temporal change of neural activities and synaptic connectivities that underlie brain development and plasticity--in terms of both detailed single-cell models and large-scale network models.In part II, the authors show how their systematic approach can be used to analyze specific parts of the nervous system--the olfactory system, hippocampus, thalamus, cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and basal ganglia--as well as to integrate data from the study of brain regions, functional models, and the dynamics of neural networks. In conclusion, they offer a plan for the use of their methods in the development of cognitive neuroscience."
Book Synopsis Computational Neurosurgery by : Antonio Di Ieva
Download or read book Computational Neurosurgery written by Antonio Di Ieva and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 561 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
