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Analysis Of The Benefits And Problems Of Introducing The Tandem Nuclear Fuel Cycle To The United States
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Book Synopsis Analysis of the Benefits and Problems of Introducing the Tandem Nuclear Fuel Cycle to the United States by : Anthony N. Sinclair
Download or read book Analysis of the Benefits and Problems of Introducing the Tandem Nuclear Fuel Cycle to the United States written by Anthony N. Sinclair and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :120 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Global Nuclear Energy Partnership by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources
Download or read book Global Nuclear Energy Partnership written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Managing the Nuclear Fuel Cycle by : Mary Beth Dunham Nikitin
Download or read book Managing the Nuclear Fuel Cycle written by Mary Beth Dunham Nikitin and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After several decades of decline and disfavor, nuclear power is attracting renewed interest. New permit applications for 30 reactors have been filed in the United States, and another 150 are planned or proposed globally, with about a dozen more already under construction. In the United States, interest appears driven, in part, by provisions in the 2005 Energy Policy Act authorizing streamlined licensing that combine construction and operating permits, and tax credits for production from advanced nuclear power facilities. Moreover, the U.S. Department of Energy proposes to spend billions of dollars to develop the next generation of nuclear power technology. Expanding global access to nuclear power, nevertheless, has the potential to lead to the spread of sensitive nuclear technology. Despite 30 years of effort to limit access to uranium enrichment, several undeterred states pursued clandestine nuclear programs; the A.Q. Khan black market network's sales to Iran and North Korea representing the most egregious examples. Concern over the spread of enrichment and reprocessing technologies, combined with a growing consensus that the world must seek alternatives to dwindling and polluting fossil fuels, may be giving way to optimism that advanced nuclear technologies may offer proliferation resistance. Proposals offering countries access to nuclear power and thus the fuel cycle have ranged from a formal commitment by these countries to forswear enrichment and reprocessing technology, to a de facto approach in which a state does not operate fuel cycle facilities but makes no explicit commitment, to no restrictions at all. The most recent proposal under the U.S. Global Nuclear Energy Partnership (GNEP) represents a shift in U.S. policy by not requiring participants to forgo domestic fuel cycle programs. Whether developing states will find existing proposals attractive enough to forgo what they see as their "inalienable" right to develop nuclear technology for peaceful purposes remains to be seen. Congress will have a considerable role in at least four areas of oversight related to fuel cycle proposals. The first is providing funding and oversight of U.S. domestic programs related to expanding nuclear energy in the United States. The second area is policy direction and/or funding for international measures to assure supply. A third set of policy issues may arise in the context of implementing the international component of GNEP. A fourth area in which Congress plays a key role is in the approval of nuclear cooperation agreements. The 110th Congress has introduced several bills related to nuclear energy in the United States and fuel cycle assurances, including H.R. 885, S. 1977, S. 1700, S. 1138, S. 970, and S. 328 (Section 336). This report will be updated as events warrant.
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :790 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 (18 download)
Book Synopsis Nuclear Fuel Cycle Policy and the Future of Nuclear Power by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations
Download or read book Nuclear Fuel Cycle Policy and the Future of Nuclear Power written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 790 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A New Approach to the Nuclear Fuel Cycle by : Kelsey Hartigan
Download or read book A New Approach to the Nuclear Fuel Cycle written by Kelsey Hartigan and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2015-02-23 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Nuclear Threat Initiative and the Center for Strategic and International Studies joined to launch the New Approaches to the Fuel Cycle project. This project sought to build consensus on common goals, address practical challenges, and engage a spectrum of actors that influence policymaking regarding the nuclear fuel cycle. The project also tackled one of the toughest issues—spent nuclear fuel and high level waste—to see if solutions there might offer incentives to states on the front end of the nuclear fuel cycle and address the inherent inertia and concerns about additional burdens and restrictions that have stalled past efforts to improve the robustness of the nonproliferation regime. This report presents the group’s conclusions that a best-practices approach to the nuclear fuel cycle can achieve these objectives and offer a path to a more secure and sustainable nuclear landscape.
Book Synopsis Strengthening the Nonproliferation Regime by : Paul M. Youchak
Download or read book Strengthening the Nonproliferation Regime written by Paul M. Youchak and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The resurgence of global interest in nuclear energy is fueled by growing energy demands, concerns of global warming, and the desire to diversify energy supply. In order for the nuclear renaissance to be safely realized, a number of concerns must first be addressed. Foremost among them are the dual-use nature of nuclear technology and the spread of nuclear weapons. As small nuclear power programs expand and new states introduce nuclear power into their electricity grid, states must decide whether or not to develop indigenous enrichment and reprocessing facilities that may be misused for a weapons program. One of the must discussed instruments to strengthen the nonproliferation regime and limit the dangerous spread of sensitive fuel cycle technologies is the multilateralzation of the nuclear fuel cycle. Through multilateral mechanisms, multilateral arrangements to the nuclear fuel cycle attempt to limit the spread of fuel cycle technologies by removing the incentives to do so. Concepts and proposals for multilateral arrangements have been around since the advent of nuclear energy in the 1940s but have received a lukewarm response from the international community. It is postulated that this response is driven by difficulties multilateral arrangements have in addressing all of the motivations for the establishment of fuel cycle facilities. An investigation is presented within to detail the most powerful motivations that multilateral arrangements may have been overlooking to this date. In order to achieve this, three case studies are performed to uncover the most powerful motivations for the development of fuel cycle facilities. The motivations are complex and include a variety of economic, political, and potentially proliferation related incentives. Brazil, South Korea, and Iran are chosen for the case studies because they are currently in the process of introducing sensitive facilities into their nuclear fuel cycles, or are strongly considering it. Following the description of the various motivations for the pursuit of sensitive fuel cycle facilities, an analysis is provided to determine which, if any, of the proposed multilateral arrangements are in best position to be successfully implemented. The study found that the establishment of regional nuclear fuel cycle facilities and centers offers the greatest potential to strengthen the nonproliferation regime by targeting the state's political power incentives. Supply assurances do not address the needs of any of the studied states, indicating they are not applicable to well-developed nuclear power states or those in possession fuel cycle technologies. Supply assurances do however, provide strong confidence building measures in the establishment of regional fuel cycles. Lastly, the development of multilateral spent-fuel repositories may be the most sure-fired way to prevent the spread of reprocessing facilities.
Book Synopsis Multilateralization of the Nuclear Fuel Cycle by : Yury Yudin
Download or read book Multilateralization of the Nuclear Fuel Cycle written by Yury Yudin and published by UN. This book was released on 2011 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "To be successful, multilateral fuel cycle arrangements will require broad political consensus on how the international community can limit the spread of sensitive nuclear technologies, while allowing full access for all states to the benefits of peaceful applications of nuclear energy. This book examines the priorities and concerns of non-supplier states and identifies areas of potential convergence for suppliers and non-suppliers."--P. [4] of cover.
Book Synopsis The Future of Nuclear Fuel Cycle by :
Download or read book The Future of Nuclear Fuel Cycle written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In this analysis we have presented a method that provides insight into future fuel cycle alternatives by clarifying the complexity of choosing an appropriate fuel cycle in the context of the distribution of burdens and benefits between generations. The current nuclear power deployment practices, together with three future fuel cycles were assessed."--Page 227.
Book Synopsis Multilateralization of the Nuclear Fuel Cycle by : Yury Yudin
Download or read book Multilateralization of the Nuclear Fuel Cycle written by Yury Yudin and published by UN. This book was released on 2009 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global energy demands are driving a potential expansion in the use of nuclear energy worldwide. It is estimated that the global nuclear power capacity could double by 2030. This could result in dissemination of sensitive nuclear technologies that present obvious risks of proliferation. Certain international institutional mechanisms for controlling access to sensitive materials, facilities and technologies are needed for dealing with this problem. Over the past few years, 12 proposals have been put forward by states, nuclear industry and international organizations, aimed at checking the spread of uranium enrichment and spent fuel reprocessing technologies. This book presents an overview and analysis of these proposals, including an evaluation of the projected international mechanisms.
Book Synopsis Promising Fuel Cycle Options for R & D - Results, Insights, and Future Directions by :
Download or read book Promising Fuel Cycle Options for R & D - Results, Insights, and Future Directions written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Fuel Cycle Options (FCO) campaign in the U.S. DOE Fuel Cycle Research & Development Program conducted a detailed evaluation and screening of nuclear fuel cycles. The process for this study was described at the 2014 ICAPP meeting. This paper reports on detailed insights and questions from the results of the study. The comprehensive study identified continuous recycle in fast reactors as the most promising option, using either U/Pu or U/TRU recycle, and potentially in combination with thermal reactors, as reported at the ICAPP 2014 meeting. This paper describes the examination of the results in detail that indicated that there was essentially no difference in benefit between U/Pu and U/TRU recycle, prompting questions about the desirability of pursuing the more complex U/TRU approach given that the estimated greater challenges for development and deployment. The results will be reported from the current effort that further explores what, if any, benefits of TRU recycle (minor actinides in addition to plutonium recycle) may be in order to inform decisions on future R & D directions. The study also identified continuous recycle using thorium-based fuel cycles as potentially promising, in either fast or thermal systems, but with lesser benefit. Detailed examination of these results indicated that the lesser benefit was confined to only a few of the evaluation metrics, identifying the conditions under which thorium-based fuel cycles would be promising to pursue. For the most promising fuel cycles, the FCO is also conducting analyses on the potential transition to such fuel cycles to identify the issues, challenges, and the timing for critical decisions that would need to be made to avoid unnecessary delay in deployment, including investigation of issues such as the effects of a temporary lack of plutonium fuel resources or supporting infrastructure. These studies are placed in the context of an overall analysis approach designed to provide comprehensive information to the decision-making process.
Book Synopsis The Back End of the Fuel Cycle Moves Front and Center by : J. Choi
Download or read book The Back End of the Fuel Cycle Moves Front and Center written by J. Choi and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For many years, the commercial nuclear business has remained relatively stable in many ways. The introduction of new plants, the spread to new countries, and the development of key elements of the fuel cycle such as enrichment, reprocessing and waste disposal have been quite modest. That is unlikely to be the case in the coming years. A number of events and trends are becoming increasingly apparent and are cause for both opportunity and caution: (1) New nuclear power plant orders are likely to grow and spread, particularly in the developing world, e.g. China and India. (2) The growing recognition that the developing world will be a major competitor for limited energy resources is raising awareness in the developed world regarding concerns for future energy security. (3) Clearer evidence of the effects of greenhouse gas emissions on global warming, largely from the burning of fossil fuels, is creating more attention on the environmental benefits of nuclear power. (4) The last decade has shown unequivocal evidence of countries lying, cheating on their NPT obligation, and covertly carrying out nuclear weapons-related activities. Some have suggested their presumed need for a domestic nuclear fuel cycle as a rationale to pursue enrichment and/or reprocessing capabilities, which would move them to the doorstep of being nuclear weapons capable. The DPRK even took the action to abrogate the NPT to hold on to its nuclear weapons program. (5) 9/11 and other evidence have made it undeniable that terrorist groups would like to obtain weapons of mass destruction, particularly nuclear weapons, and would use them if they could. A number of initiatives have been proposed recently to allow for the growth and spread of nuclear power while limiting the justifications for additional countries to pursue the acquisition of enrichment or reprocessing capabilities. Most of these initiatives have fresh fuel assurance as a central component. The rationale is simple; if a country can have assurance that it will receive all the fresh fuel it needs for the lifetime of its nuclear power plants, there should be no reason for it to pursue the difficult and costly capability to enrich the fuel itself or to reprocess its spent fuel to recover the produced plutonium for recycle as a fuel in its reactors. However, such offers are unlikely to be fully persuasive if they are not connected to complementary offers for management of the spent nuclear fuel that is created during power production. In this paper, we discuss the complexity of the linkage to spent fuel take-back and the challenges and opportunities this present to nations repository programs.
Book Synopsis Trends of Nuclear Fuel Cycle Costs in the United States by : D. F. Newman
Download or read book Trends of Nuclear Fuel Cycle Costs in the United States written by D. F. Newman and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nuclear Fuel Cycle written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Preliminary Analysis of Alternative Fuel Cycles for Proliferation Evaluation by :
Download or read book Preliminary Analysis of Alternative Fuel Cycles for Proliferation Evaluation written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ERDA Division of Nuclear Research and Applications proposed 67 nuclear fuel cycles for assessment as to their nonproliferation potential. The object of the assessment was to determine which fuel cycles pose inherently low risk for nuclear weapon proliferation while retaining the major benefits of nuclear energy. This report is a preliminary analysis of these fuel cycles to develop the fuel-recycle data that will complement reactor data, environmental data, and political considerations, which must be included in the overall evaluation. This report presents the preliminary evaluations from ANL, HEDL, ORNL, and SRL and is the basis for a continuing in-depth study. (DLC).
Book Synopsis Potential External (non-DOE) Constraints on U.S. Fuel Cycle Options by :
Download or read book Potential External (non-DOE) Constraints on U.S. Fuel Cycle Options written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The DOE Fuel Cycle Technologies (FCT) Program will be conducting a screening of fuel cycle options in FY2013 to help focus fuel cycle R & D activities. As part of this screening, performance criteria and go/no-go criteria are being identified. To help ensure that these criteria are consistent with current policy, an effort was initiated to identify the status and basis of potentially relevant regulations, laws, and policies that have been established external to DOE. As such regulations, laws, and policies may be beyond DOE's control to change, they may constrain the screening criteria and internally-developed policy. This report contains a historical survey and analysis of publically available domestic documents that could pertain to external constraints on advanced nuclear fuel cycles. "External" is defined as public documents outside DOE. This effort did not include survey and analysis of constraints established internal to DOE.
Book Synopsis Nuclear Fuel Cycle Options Evaluation to Inform R & D Planning by :
Download or read book Nuclear Fuel Cycle Options Evaluation to Inform R & D Planning written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An Evaluation and Screening (E & S) of nuclear fuel cycle options has been conducted in fulfilment of a Charter specified for the study by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Nuclear Energy. The E & S study used an objective and independently reviewed evaluation process to provide information about the potential benefits and challenges that could strengthen the basis and provide guidance for the research and development(R & D) activities undertaken by the DOE Fuel Cycle Technologies Program Office. Using the nine evaluation criteria specified in the Charter and associated evaluation metrics and processes developed during the E & S study, a screening was conducted of 40 nuclear fuel cycle evaluation groups to provide answers to the questions: (1) Which nuclear fuel cycle system options have the potential for substantial beneficial improvements in nuclear fuel cycle performance, and what aspects of the options make these improvements possible? (2)Which nuclear material management approaches can favorably impact the performance of fuel cycle options? (3)Where would R & D investment be needed to support the set of promising fuel cycle system options and nuclear material management approaches identified above, and what are the technical objectives of associated technologies?
Book Synopsis The Future of the Nuclear Fuel Cycle by : Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Download or read book The Future of the Nuclear Fuel Cycle written by Massachusetts Institute of Technology and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
