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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 42 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (317 download)
Download or read book Analysis of Delamination Growth from Matrix Cracks in Laminates Subjected to Bending Loads written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : EG. Guynn
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 18 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (125 download)
Download or read book Analysis of Delamination Growth from Matrix Cracks in Laminates Subjected to Bending Loads written by EG. Guynn and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Delamination is the most commonly observed damage mode in laminated composite materials. A major source of delamination damage is from low-velocity impact. In thin composite laminates under point loads, matrix cracks develop first in the plies, and delaminations then grow from these cracks at the ply interfaces. The purpose of this study was to quantify the combined effects of bending and transverse shear loads on delamination initiation from matrix cracks in composite laminates. Graphite-epoxy laminates with 90-deg plies on the outside were tested and analyzed to provide a two-dimensional simulation of the back-surface damage observed during low-velocity impact. Three plate-bending problems were considered: four-point bending, three-point bending, and an end-clamped center-loaded plate. Under bending, a matrix crack will form on the tension side of the laminate, through the outer 90-deg plies and parallel to the fibers. Delaminations will then grow in the interface between the cracked 90-deg ply and the next adjacent ply. Laminate plate theory was used to derive simple equations relating the total strain energy release rate G, associated with the delamination growth from a 90-deg ply crack, to the applied bending load and laminate stiffness properties. Three different lay-ups, [904/0/±45]s, [904/03]s, and [903/0/±45]s, were tested and results compared. Test results verified that in all cases the delamination formed at the interface between the cracked 90-deg ply and the next adjacent ply. Calculated values for total Gc from the analysis showed good agreement for the three lay-ups and the three different test configurations. Using an assumed value for GIc from a previous study, the analysis was able to predict the delamination onset load for the cases considered. The result indicates that the opening mode component (Mode I) for delamination growth may be much larger than the component due to interlaminar shear (Mode II) from a matrix crack.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (317 download)
Download or read book Analysis of Matrix Cracking and Local Delamination in (0/theta/-theta)sub S Graphite Epoxy Laminates Under Tension Load written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : F. Javidrad
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 10 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (125 download)
Download or read book Experimental and Numerical Study of Delamination Growth Induced by a Transverse Crack in Unidirectional Laminates Subjected to Bending Loads written by F. Javidrad and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper presents the results of an experimental and numerical investigation into the mixed-mode delamination growth initiated from a transverse crack in unidirectional laminates under the three-point-bend test condition. The delamination growth was found to be stable both numerically and experimentally. Two data reduction methods, the compliance calibration and the finite element-based data reduction, were used to analyze test results. It was shown that the latter method gives better results. The finite element delamination growth modeling incorporating the linear growth criterion was also used to model the growth of delamination. Very good agreement between numerical and experimental results was achieved. This type of specimen has the advantage of being very easy to prepare. There is no need to implant an artificial delamination as required for most interlaminar tests. The data reduction method using finite element analysis is straightforward. Therefore, this type of test specimen can be used effectively for determination of mixed-mode fracture toughness of laminated composites.
Author :
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (317 download)
Download or read book Analysis of Delamination in Cross Ply Laminates Initiating from Impact Induced Matrix Cracking written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Ronald Krueger
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 66 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (317 download)
Download or read book The Virtual Crack Closure Technique: History, Approach and Applications written by Ronald Krueger and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An overview of the virtual crack closure technique is presented. The approach used is discussed, the history summarized, and insight into its applications provided. Equations for two-dimensional quadrilateral elements with linear and quadratic shape functions are given. Formula for applying the technique in conjuction with three-dimensional solid elements as well as plate/shell elements are also provided. Necessary modifications for the use of the method with geometrically nonlinear finite element analysis and corrections required for elements at the crack tip with different lengths and widths are discussed. The problems associated with cracks or delaminations propagating between different materials are mentioned briefly, as well as a strategy to minimize these problems. Due to an increased interest in using a fracture mechanics based approach to assess the damage tolerance of composite structures in the design phase and during certification, the engineering problems selected as examples and given as references focus on the application of the technique to components made of composite materials.
Author : Satish Annaji Salpekar
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1428916741
Total Pages : 68 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (289 download)
Download or read book Combined Effect of Matrix Cracking and Stress-free Edge on Delamination written by Satish Annaji Salpekar and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1990 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : M. Caslini
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 46 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (317 download)
Download or read book Fracture Mechanics of Matrix Cracking and Delamination in Glass/epoxy Laminates written by M. Caslini and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study focused on characterizing matrix cracking and delamination behavior in multidirectional laminates. Static tension and tension-tension fatigue tests were conducted on two different layups. Damage onset, accumulation, and residual properties were measured. Matrix cracking was shown to have a considerable influence on residual stiffness of glass epoxy laminates, and could be predicted reasonably well for cracks in 90 deg plies using a simple shear lag analysis. A fracture mechanics analysis for the strain energy release rate associated with 90 deg ply matrix crack formation was developed and was shown to correlate the onset of 90 deg ply cracks in different laminates. The linear degradation of laminate modulus with delamination area, previously observed for graphite epoxy laminates, was predicted for glass epoxy laminates using a simple rule of mixtures analysis. The strain energy release rate associated with edge delamination formation under static and cyclic loading was difficult to analyze because of the presence of several contemporary damage phenomena. Keywords: Fatigue(Mechanics), and Stiffness loss.
Author : SA. Salpekar
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 7 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (125 download)
Download or read book Analysis of Delamination in Cross-Ply Laminates Initiating from Impact Induced Matrix Cracking written by SA. Salpekar and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several two-dimensional finite element analyses of (02/908/02) glass/epoxy and graphite/epoxy composite laminates were performed to investigate some of the characteristics of damage development due to an impact load. A cross section through the thickness of the laminate with fixed ends, and carrying a transverse load in the center, was analyzed. Inclined matrix cracks, such as those produced by a low-velocity impact, were modeled in the 90° ply group. The introduction of the matrix cracks caused large interlaminar tensile and shear stresses in the vicinity of both crack tips in the 0/90 and 90/0 interfaces. The large interlaminar stresses at the ends of the matrix cracks indicate that matrix cracking may give rise to delamination. The ratio of Mode I to total strain energy release rate, GI/Gtotal, at the beginning of delamination, calculated at the two (top and bottom) matrix crack tips was 60 and 28%, respectively, in the glass/epoxy laminate. The corresponding ratio was 97 and 77% in the graphite/epoxy laminate. Thus, a significant Mode I component of strain energy release rate may be present at the delamination initiation due to an impact load. The value of strain energy release rate at either crack tip increased due to an increase in the delamination length at the other crack tip and may give rise to an unstable delamination growth under constant load.
Author : John D. Whitcomb
Publisher : ASTM International
ISBN 13 : 0803109806
Total Pages : 464 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Composite Materials written by John D. Whitcomb and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1988 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conference held May 1986 in Charleston, South Carolina. Twenty-seven papers represent the following areas; analysis; impact and compression; materials characterization; failure mechanisms; nondestructive evaluation; filament wound and woven composites. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR.
Download or read book בדיקת המעורבות האפשרית של תהליכים אימונולוגיים בניוון הכולינרגי בדמנציה סנילית מטיפוס אלצהיימר written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 702 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 702 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781722082970
Total Pages : 34 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (829 download)
Download or read book Analysis of Delamination in Cross Ply Laminates Initiating from Impact Induced Matrix Cracking written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-06-30 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several two dimensional finite element analyses of (0 sub 2/90 sub 8/0 sub 2) glass/epoxy and graphite-epoxy composite laminates were performed to study some of the characteristics of damage development due to an impact load. A cross section through the thickness of the laminate with fixed ends, and carrying a transverse load in the center was analyzed. Inclined matrix cracks such as those produced by low velocity impact were modeled in the 90 deg ply group. The introduction of the matrix cracks caused large interlaminar tension and shear stresses in the vicinity of both crack tips in the 0/90 and 90/0 interfaces. The large interlaminar stresses at the ends of the matrix cracks indicate that matrix cracking may give rise to delamination. The ratio of mode I to total strain energy release rate at the beginning of delamination calculated at the two matrix crack tips was 60 and 28 pct., respectively, in the glass/epoxy laminate. The corresponding ratio was 97 and 77 pct. in the graphite-epoxy laminate. Thus, a significant mode I component of strain energy release rate may be present at the delamination initiation due to an impact load. Salpekar, S. A. Unspecified Center NAS1-19399; NAS1-18599; RTOP 505-63-50-04...
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (317 download)
Download or read book Local Delamination in Laminates with Angle Ply Matrix Cracks. Part 1: Tension Tests and Stress Analysis written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781722085728
Total Pages : 30 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (857 download)
Download or read book Analysis of Matrix Cracking and Local Delamination in (0/Theta/-Theta)Sub S Graphite Epoxy Laminates Under Tension Load written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-06-30 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several 3D finite element analyses of (0/theta/-theta)sub s graphite epoxy laminates, where theta=15, 20, 25, 30, and 45 deg, subjected to axial tension load were performed. The interlaminar stresses in the theta/-theta interface were calculated with and without a matrix crack in the central -theta plies. The interlaminar normal stress changes from a small compressive stress when no matrix crack is present to a high tensile stress at the intersection of the matrix crack and free edge. The analysis of local delamination from the -theta matrix crack indicates a high strain energy release rate and a localized mode I component near the free edge, within one ply distance from the matrix crack. In order to examine the stress state causing the matrix cracking the maximum principal normal stress in a plane perpendicular to the fiber direction in the -theta ply was calculated in an uncracked laminate. The corresponding shear stress parallel to the fiber was also calculated. The principal normal stress at the laminate edge increases through the ply thickness and reached a very high tensile value at the theta/-theta interface indicating that the crack in the -theta ply may initiate at the theta/-theta interface. Crack profiles on the laminate edge in the -theta ply were constructed from the principal stress directions. The cracks were found to be more curved for layups with smaller theta angles, which is consistent with experimental observations in the literature. Salpekar, S. A. and Obrien, T. K. Langley Research Center RTOP 505-63-01-05...
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (317 download)
Download or read book Local Delamination in Laminates with Angle Ply Matrix Cracks. Part 2: Delamination Fracture Analysis and Fatigue Characterization written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : American Society for Composites. Technical Conference
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9781566761031
Total Pages : 1168 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (61 download)
Download or read book American Society for Composites, Eighth Proceedings written by American Society for Composites. Technical Conference and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1993-10-15 with total page 1168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
